See y- on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for y- meaning in All languages combined (54.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "y-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English y-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ġe-",
"pos": "perfective and associative prefix"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġe- (perfective and associative prefix)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ge-"
},
"expansion": "German ge-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "גע־"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish גע־ (ge-)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English y-, from Old English ġe- (perfective and associative prefix); see those entries for more. Cognate with German ge-, Yiddish גע־ (ge-).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "y-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ybarred, yclept, yclad, ybaptized, yslain, yronne"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used with past participle conjugations to form past participles (this prefix does not occur independently and is no longer productive)."
],
"id": "en-y--en-prefix-1y6Hc2k5",
"links": [
[
"past participle",
"past participle#English"
],
[
"conjugation",
"conjugation#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(not productive, obsolete) Used with past participle conjugations to form past participles (this prefix does not occur independently and is no longer productive)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Devon"
],
"word": "a-"
}
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪ/"
}
],
"word": "y-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aa",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "y-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Afar",
"lang_code": "aa",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Afar entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used together with the suffix -i to create masculine agent nouns."
],
"id": "en-y--aa-prefix-BaTFkGLQ",
"links": [
[
"-i",
"-i#Afar"
],
[
"masculine",
"masculine#English"
],
[
"agent nouns",
"agent nouns#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/j/"
}
],
"word": "y-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kam",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "y-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kamba",
"lang_code": "kam",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kamba entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"he or she (used for conjugating verbs to the subjective or nominative case of the personal pronoun)"
],
"id": "en-y--kam-prefix-siytiulq",
"links": [
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ya-"
},
{
"word": "a-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "y-"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "yclad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ycleped"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "yclept"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ydrad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "Modern English: enough",
"word": "ynough"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "y-",
"3": "a-",
"4": "i-"
},
"expansion": "English: y-, a-, i-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: y-, a-, i- (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "ee-"
},
"expansion": "Yola: ee-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: ee-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ġe-",
"pos": "perfective and associative prefix"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġe- (perfective and associative prefix)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ga-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ga-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱóm",
"4": "",
"5": "with"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“with”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "e-"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian e-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "je-"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian je-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gi-"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon gi-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ge-"
},
"expansion": "Dutch ge-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ga-"
},
"expansion": "Old High German ga-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ge-"
},
"expansion": "German ge-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "g-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse g-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌲𐌰-"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌲𐌰- (ga-)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ker-"
},
"expansion": "ker-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English ġe- (perfective and associative prefix), from unstressed Proto-Germanic *ga-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“with”). Cognate with Old Frisian e-, Central Franconian je-, Old Saxon gi-, Dutch ge-, Old High German ga- (German ge-), Old Norse g-, Gothic 𐌲𐌰- (ga-). See also ker-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "y-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ẏ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Middle English abbreviation for ye"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Middle English"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "you",
"tags": [
"prefix"
],
"word": "y- is often confused with ye"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "with ye"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "the",
"word": "alternative form of þe due to typographic variation:"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 39 45",
"sense": "ȝe- / y- is pronounced /jə/, /i/, consistent with the Old English pronunciation of ge- as /je/; it is usually dropped in Modern English except in archaisms (though note enough)",
"word": "In contrast"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 39 45",
"english": "not to be confused with the pronoun ye",
"sense": "ȝe- / y- is pronounced /jə/, /i/, consistent with the Old English pronunciation of ge- as /je/; it is usually dropped in Modern English except in archaisms (though note enough)",
"word": "the standalone Middle English definite article ye is pronounced "
},
{
"_dis1": "16 39 45",
"english": "not to be confused with the pronoun ye",
"sense": "ȝe- / y- is pronounced /jə/, /i/, consistent with the Old English pronunciation of ge- as /je/; it is usually dropped in Modern English except in archaisms (though note enough)",
"word": "ðeː"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 39 45",
"english": "not to be confused with the pronoun ye",
"sense": "ȝe- / y- is pronounced /jə/, /i/, consistent with the Old English pronunciation of ge- as /je/; it is usually dropped in Modern English except in archaisms (though note enough)",
"word": ""
},
{
"_dis1": "16 39 45",
"sense": "ȝe- / y- is pronounced /jə/, /i/, consistent with the Old English pronunciation of ge- as /je/; it is usually dropped in Modern English except in archaisms (though note enough)",
"word": "/ðɛ/"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 39 45",
"english": "the",
"sense": "ȝe- / y- is pronounced /jə/, /i/, consistent with the Old English pronunciation of ge- as /je/; it is usually dropped in Modern English except in archaisms (though note enough)",
"word": ""
},
{
"_dis1": "16 39 45",
"english": "the",
"sense": "ȝe- / y- is pronounced /jə/, /i/, consistent with the Old English pronunciation of ge- as /je/; it is usually dropped in Modern English except in archaisms (though note enough)",
"word": "ði"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 39 45",
"english": "the",
"sense": "ȝe- / y- is pronounced /jə/, /i/, consistent with the Old English pronunciation of ge- as /je/; it is usually dropped in Modern English except in archaisms (though note enough)",
"word": " and is effectively an alternative spelling of þe"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Added to verbs as a perfective prefix or intensifier."
],
"id": "en-y--enm-prefix-FDnm7nyy",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form nouns of association similar to English co-."
],
"id": "en-y--enm-prefix-PMLfNvZf",
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 32 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used with past participle conjugations to form past participles."
],
"id": "en-y--enm-prefix-OKfdclBl",
"links": [
[
"past participle",
"past participle#English"
],
[
"conjugation",
"conjugation#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/i/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jə/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "early",
"word": "ȝe-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "i-"
}
],
"word": "y-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nv",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "y-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Navajo",
"lang_code": "nv",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a marker for the third person object"
],
"id": "en-y--nv-prefix-cRGXi0to",
"links": [
[
"third person",
"third person"
],
[
"object",
"object"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "y-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ttj",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "y-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tooro",
"lang_code": "ttj",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro subject concords",
"parents": [
"Subject concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "y- + efubike (“to cover oneself”) → yefubike (“may he/she cover himself/herself”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form used before a verb affixed with -a- or subjunctive -e- of a-"
],
"id": "en-y--ttj-prefix-obp-G4Z2",
"links": [
[
"-a-",
"-a-#Tooro"
],
[
"-e-",
"-e-#Tooro"
],
[
"a-",
"a-#Tooro"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro subject concords",
"parents": [
"Subject concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "y- + efubike (“to cover oneself”) → yefubike (“may they (class 4) cover themselves; may it (class 9) cover itself”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form used before a verb affixed with -a- or subjunctive -e- of e-"
],
"id": "en-y--ttj-prefix-P7cjqx2F",
"links": [
[
"-a-",
"-a-#Tooro"
],
[
"-e-",
"-e-#Tooro"
],
[
"e-",
"e-#Tooro"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/j-/"
}
],
"word": "y-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mch-personal prefixes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ewü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "y-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "∅-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "u-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "w-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "w-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"first-person",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wi-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wi-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"first-person",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"form": "küwü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"intransitive",
"patient-like"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"intransitive",
"patient-like"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"intransitive",
"patient-like"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"intransitive",
"patient-like"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kii-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "amödö",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "öy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "öy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "öd-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öd-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öd-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "öd-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öd-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "oy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "oy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "od-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "od-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "od-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "od-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "od-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "a-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "a-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ay-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ay-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ay-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ay-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ay-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ad-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ad-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ad-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ad-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ad-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "m-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "m-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "mi-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mi-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "nña",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "y-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "d-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ch-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "∅-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "i-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "∅-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "n-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "n-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "tüwü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "y-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "d-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ch-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "∅-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "i-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "n-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "n-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "n-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tüwü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"distant-past",
"past",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"distant-past",
"past",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"distant-past",
"past",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"distant-past",
"past",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kün-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kün-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kun-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kun-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kin-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kin-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ken-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ken-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "küm-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "küm-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kum-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kum-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kim-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kim-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kini-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kini-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "t-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "t-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "t-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "tü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "tü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "tü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "tu-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "tu-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "tu-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ti-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "ti-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "ti-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "te-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "te-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "te-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"patient",
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"pronoun",
"reciprocal"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reciprocal"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reciprocal",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "öö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"patient",
"reciprocal",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "öö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"reciprocal"
]
},
{
"form": "öö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reciprocal"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mch-personal prefixes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mön-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "man-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mon-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "möm-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "möni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mön-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "man-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mon-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "möm-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "möni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-dual",
"object-exclusive",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-dual",
"object-exclusive",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-dual",
"object-exclusive",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-dual",
"object-exclusive",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "y-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ye'kwana",
"lang_code": "mch",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Marks a noun as having a first-person possessor."
],
"id": "en-y--mch-prefix-lKafWHaM",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Marks a postposition as having a first-person object."
],
"id": "en-y--mch-prefix-QSmzEeMb",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 4 13 11 14 16 5 2 13 13 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ye'kwana entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 15 11 13 14 5 2 12 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ye'kwana terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Marks a transitive verb as having a first-person patient/object when the agent/subject is of third person with verb forms that take series I markers."
],
"id": "en-y--mch-prefix-Jbu4GIKb",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 4 13 11 14 16 5 2 13 13 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ye'kwana entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 15 11 13 14 5 2 12 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ye'kwana terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Marks a transitive verb as having a first-person patient/object when the agent/subject is unspecified with verb forms that take series II markers."
],
"id": "en-y--mch-prefix-Sdd5oc3w",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 4 13 11 14 16 5 2 13 13 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ye'kwana entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 15 11 13 14 5 2 12 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ye'kwana terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Marks an intransitive verb with patient-like argument as having a first-person argument/subject with verb forms that take series I markers (excepting a few verbs that take w-) and on all intransitive verbs with verb forms that take series II markers."
],
"id": "en-y--mch-prefix-K105McYP",
"links": [
[
"w-",
"w-#Ye'kwana"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 4 13 11 14 16 5 2 13 13 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ye'kwana entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 15 11 13 14 5 2 12 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ye'kwana terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Marks a verb form derived with n- and -dü or -'jüdü as having a first-person agent/subject."
],
"id": "en-y--mch-prefix-DF-HYSDB",
"links": [
[
"n-",
"n-#Ye'kwana"
],
[
"-dü",
"-dü#Ye'kwana"
],
[
"-'jüdü",
"-'jüdü#Ye'kwana"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɟ-]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "∅-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ü-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "allomorphs",
"word": "u-"
}
],
"word": "y-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "",
"3": "∅-"
},
"expansion": "∅-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "i-"
},
"expansion": "i-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "sai-car-pro",
"3": "*i-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Cariban *i-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "",
"3": "∅-"
},
"expansion": "∅-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "",
"3": "y-"
},
"expansion": "y-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "ch-"
},
"expansion": "ch-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "apy",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Apalaí",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bkq",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Bakairí",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ciy",
"2": "y-"
},
"expansion": "Chaima y-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "",
"3": "*it-"
},
"expansion": "*it-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sai-ven",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Venezuelan Cariban",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The allomorphs ∅- and i- are direct descendants of the original Proto-Cariban *i-, used before consonants. However, Proto-Cariban had ∅- on vowel-initial stems; the Ye'kwana forms y- and ch- are innovations that it shares with certain other Cariban languages. For the former, compare Apalaí, Bakairí, and Chaima y-. The latter, meanwhile, derives from an earlier form *it- also found in several languages of the Venezuelan Cariban branch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mch-personal prefixes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ewü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "y-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "∅-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "u-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "w-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "w-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"first-person",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wi-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wi-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"first-person",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"form": "küwü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"intransitive",
"patient-like"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"intransitive",
"patient-like"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"intransitive",
"patient-like"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"intransitive",
"patient-like"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kii-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "amödö",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "öy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "öy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "öd-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öd-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öd-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "öd-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öd-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "oy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "oy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "od-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "od-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "od-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "od-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "od-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "a-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "a-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ay-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ay-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ay-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ay-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ay-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ad-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ad-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ad-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ad-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ad-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "m-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "m-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "mi-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mi-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "nña",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "y-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "d-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ch-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "∅-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "i-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "∅-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "n-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "n-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "tüwü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "y-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "d-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ch-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "∅-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "i-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "n-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "n-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "n-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tüwü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"distant-past",
"past",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"distant-past",
"past",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"distant-past",
"past",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"distant-past",
"past",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kün-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kün-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kun-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kun-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kin-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kin-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ken-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ken-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "küm-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "küm-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kum-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kum-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kim-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kim-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kini-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kini-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "t-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "t-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "t-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "tü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "tü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "tü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "tu-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "tu-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "tu-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ti-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "ti-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "ti-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "te-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "te-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "te-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"patient",
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"pronoun",
"reciprocal"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reciprocal"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reciprocal",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "öö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"patient",
"reciprocal",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "öö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"reciprocal"
]
},
{
"form": "öö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reciprocal"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mch-personal prefixes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mön-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "man-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mon-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "möm-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "möni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mön-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "man-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mon-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "möm-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "möni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-dual",
"object-exclusive",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-dual",
"object-exclusive",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-dual",
"object-exclusive",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-dual",
"object-exclusive",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "y-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ye'kwana",
"lang_code": "mch",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Marks a noun as having a third-person possessor."
],
"id": "en-y--mch-prefix-xdDCiF5U",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Marks a postposition as having a third-person object."
],
"id": "en-y--mch-prefix-c3TEX47i",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 4 13 11 14 16 5 2 13 13 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ye'kwana entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 15 11 13 14 5 2 12 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ye'kwana terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Marks a transitive verb as having a third-person patient/object with verb forms that take series II markers."
],
"id": "en-y--mch-prefix-zY9zU-bU",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 4 13 11 14 16 5 2 13 13 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ye'kwana entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 15 11 13 14 5 2 12 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ye'kwana terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Marks an intransitive verb as having a third-person argument/subject with verb forms that take series II markers."
],
"id": "en-y--mch-prefix-ES9OA4n4",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Marks a verb as having third-person arguments when marked with the admonitive -'no, prohibitive -i, or uncertain future -tai suffixes."
],
"id": "en-y--mch-prefix-kNu4xmH6",
"links": [
[
"-'no",
"-'no#Ye'kwana"
],
[
"-i",
"-i#Ye'kwana"
],
[
"-tai",
"-tai#Ye'kwana"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɟ-]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "∅-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "Cunucunuma River dialect",
"word": "d-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ch-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "allomorphs",
"word": "i-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "allomorph with postpositions only",
"word": "chö-"
}
],
"word": "y-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aa",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "y-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Afar",
"lang_code": "aa",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Afar entries with incorrect language header",
"Afar lemmas",
"Afar prefixes",
"Afar terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"Used together with the suffix -i to create masculine agent nouns."
],
"links": [
[
"-i",
"-i#Afar"
],
[
"masculine",
"masculine#English"
],
[
"agent nouns",
"agent nouns#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/j/"
}
],
"word": "y-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "y-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English y-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ġe-",
"pos": "perfective and associative prefix"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġe- (perfective and associative prefix)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ge-"
},
"expansion": "German ge-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "גע־"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish גע־ (ge-)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English y-, from Old English ġe- (perfective and associative prefix); see those entries for more. Cognate with German ge-, Yiddish גע־ (ge-).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "y-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ybarred, yclept, yclad, ybaptized, yslain, yronne"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used with past participle conjugations to form past participles (this prefix does not occur independently and is no longer productive)."
],
"links": [
[
"past participle",
"past participle#English"
],
[
"conjugation",
"conjugation#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(not productive, obsolete) Used with past participle conjugations to form past participles (this prefix does not occur independently and is no longer productive)."
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Devon"
],
"word": "a-"
}
],
"word": "y-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kam",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "y-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kamba",
"lang_code": "kam",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Kamba entries with incorrect language header",
"Kamba lemmas",
"Kamba prefixes"
],
"glosses": [
"he or she (used for conjugating verbs to the subjective or nominative case of the personal pronoun)"
],
"links": [
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ya-"
},
{
"word": "a-"
}
],
"word": "y-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English prefixes",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "yclad"
},
{
"word": "ycleped"
},
{
"word": "yclept"
},
{
"word": "ydrad"
},
{
"english": "Modern English: enough",
"word": "ynough"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "y-",
"3": "a-",
"4": "i-"
},
"expansion": "English: y-, a-, i-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: y-, a-, i- (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "ee-"
},
"expansion": "Yola: ee-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: ee-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ġe-",
"pos": "perfective and associative prefix"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġe- (perfective and associative prefix)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ga-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ga-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱóm",
"4": "",
"5": "with"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“with”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "e-"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian e-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "je-"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian je-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gi-"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon gi-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ge-"
},
"expansion": "Dutch ge-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ga-"
},
"expansion": "Old High German ga-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ge-"
},
"expansion": "German ge-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "g-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse g-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌲𐌰-"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌲𐌰- (ga-)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ker-"
},
"expansion": "ker-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English ġe- (perfective and associative prefix), from unstressed Proto-Germanic *ga-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“with”). Cognate with Old Frisian e-, Central Franconian je-, Old Saxon gi-, Dutch ge-, Old High German ga- (German ge-), Old Norse g-, Gothic 𐌲𐌰- (ga-). See also ker-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "y-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "ẏ"
},
{
"word": "Middle English abbreviation for ye"
},
{
"word": "Middle English"
},
{
"english": "you",
"tags": [
"prefix"
],
"word": "y- is often confused with ye"
},
{
"word": "with ye"
},
{
"english": "the",
"word": "alternative form of þe due to typographic variation:"
},
{
"sense": "ȝe- / y- is pronounced /jə/, /i/, consistent with the Old English pronunciation of ge- as /je/; it is usually dropped in Modern English except in archaisms (though note enough)",
"word": "In contrast"
},
{
"english": "not to be confused with the pronoun ye",
"sense": "ȝe- / y- is pronounced /jə/, /i/, consistent with the Old English pronunciation of ge- as /je/; it is usually dropped in Modern English except in archaisms (though note enough)",
"word": "the standalone Middle English definite article ye is pronounced "
},
{
"english": "not to be confused with the pronoun ye",
"sense": "ȝe- / y- is pronounced /jə/, /i/, consistent with the Old English pronunciation of ge- as /je/; it is usually dropped in Modern English except in archaisms (though note enough)",
"word": "ðeː"
},
{
"english": "not to be confused with the pronoun ye",
"sense": "ȝe- / y- is pronounced /jə/, /i/, consistent with the Old English pronunciation of ge- as /je/; it is usually dropped in Modern English except in archaisms (though note enough)",
"word": ""
},
{
"sense": "ȝe- / y- is pronounced /jə/, /i/, consistent with the Old English pronunciation of ge- as /je/; it is usually dropped in Modern English except in archaisms (though note enough)",
"word": "/ðɛ/"
},
{
"english": "the",
"sense": "ȝe- / y- is pronounced /jə/, /i/, consistent with the Old English pronunciation of ge- as /je/; it is usually dropped in Modern English except in archaisms (though note enough)",
"word": ""
},
{
"english": "the",
"sense": "ȝe- / y- is pronounced /jə/, /i/, consistent with the Old English pronunciation of ge- as /je/; it is usually dropped in Modern English except in archaisms (though note enough)",
"word": "ði"
},
{
"english": "the",
"sense": "ȝe- / y- is pronounced /jə/, /i/, consistent with the Old English pronunciation of ge- as /je/; it is usually dropped in Modern English except in archaisms (though note enough)",
"word": " and is effectively an alternative spelling of þe"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Added to verbs as a perfective prefix or intensifier."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form nouns of association similar to English co-."
],
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used with past participle conjugations to form past participles."
],
"links": [
[
"past participle",
"past participle#English"
],
[
"conjugation",
"conjugation#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/i/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jə/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "early",
"word": "ȝe-"
},
{
"word": "i-"
}
],
"word": "y-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nv",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "y-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Navajo",
"lang_code": "nv",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Navajo entries with incorrect language header",
"Navajo lemmas",
"Navajo prefixes"
],
"glosses": [
"a marker for the third person object"
],
"links": [
[
"third person",
"third person"
],
[
"object",
"object"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "y-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Tooro entries with incorrect language header",
"Tooro lemmas",
"Tooro prefixes",
"Tooro subject concords",
"Tooro terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ttj",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "y-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tooro",
"lang_code": "ttj",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "y- + efubike (“to cover oneself”) → yefubike (“may he/she cover himself/herself”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form used before a verb affixed with -a- or subjunctive -e- of a-"
],
"links": [
[
"-a-",
"-a-#Tooro"
],
[
"-e-",
"-e-#Tooro"
],
[
"a-",
"a-#Tooro"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "y- + efubike (“to cover oneself”) → yefubike (“may they (class 4) cover themselves; may it (class 9) cover itself”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form used before a verb affixed with -a- or subjunctive -e- of e-"
],
"links": [
[
"-a-",
"-a-#Tooro"
],
[
"-e-",
"-e-#Tooro"
],
[
"e-",
"e-#Tooro"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/j-/"
}
],
"word": "y-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ye'kwana entries with incorrect language header",
"Ye'kwana lemmas",
"Ye'kwana prefixes",
"Ye'kwana terms derived from Proto-Cariban",
"Ye'kwana terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Ye'kwana terms inherited from Proto-Cariban",
"Ye'kwana terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mch-personal prefixes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ewü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "y-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "∅-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "u-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "w-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "w-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"first-person",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wi-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wi-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"first-person",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"form": "küwü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"intransitive",
"patient-like"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"intransitive",
"patient-like"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"intransitive",
"patient-like"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"intransitive",
"patient-like"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kii-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "amödö",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "öy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "öy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "öd-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öd-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öd-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "öd-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öd-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "oy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "oy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "od-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "od-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "od-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "od-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "od-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "a-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "a-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ay-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ay-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ay-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ay-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ay-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ad-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ad-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ad-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ad-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ad-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "m-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "m-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "mi-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mi-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "nña",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "y-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "d-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ch-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "∅-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "i-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "∅-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "n-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "n-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "tüwü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "y-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "d-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ch-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "∅-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "i-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "n-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "n-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "n-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tüwü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"distant-past",
"past",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"distant-past",
"past",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"distant-past",
"past",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"distant-past",
"past",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kün-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kün-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kun-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kun-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kin-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kin-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ken-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ken-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "küm-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "küm-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kum-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kum-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kim-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kim-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kini-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kini-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "t-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "t-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "t-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "tü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "tü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "tü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "tu-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "tu-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "tu-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ti-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "ti-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "ti-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "te-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "te-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "te-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"patient",
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"pronoun",
"reciprocal"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reciprocal"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reciprocal",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "öö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"patient",
"reciprocal",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "öö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"reciprocal"
]
},
{
"form": "öö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reciprocal"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mch-personal prefixes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mön-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "man-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mon-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "möm-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "möni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mön-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "man-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mon-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "möm-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "möni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-dual",
"object-exclusive",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-dual",
"object-exclusive",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-dual",
"object-exclusive",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-dual",
"object-exclusive",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "y-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ye'kwana",
"lang_code": "mch",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Marks a noun as having a first-person possessor."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Marks a postposition as having a first-person object."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Marks a transitive verb as having a first-person patient/object when the agent/subject is of third person with verb forms that take series I markers."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Marks a transitive verb as having a first-person patient/object when the agent/subject is unspecified with verb forms that take series II markers."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Marks an intransitive verb with patient-like argument as having a first-person argument/subject with verb forms that take series I markers (excepting a few verbs that take w-) and on all intransitive verbs with verb forms that take series II markers."
],
"links": [
[
"w-",
"w-#Ye'kwana"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Marks a verb form derived with n- and -dü or -'jüdü as having a first-person agent/subject."
],
"links": [
[
"n-",
"n-#Ye'kwana"
],
[
"-dü",
"-dü#Ye'kwana"
],
[
"-'jüdü",
"-'jüdü#Ye'kwana"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɟ-]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "∅-"
},
{
"word": "ü-"
},
{
"alt": "allomorphs",
"word": "u-"
}
],
"word": "y-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ye'kwana entries with incorrect language header",
"Ye'kwana lemmas",
"Ye'kwana prefixes",
"Ye'kwana terms derived from Proto-Cariban",
"Ye'kwana terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Ye'kwana terms inherited from Proto-Cariban",
"Ye'kwana terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "",
"3": "∅-"
},
"expansion": "∅-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "i-"
},
"expansion": "i-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "sai-car-pro",
"3": "*i-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Cariban *i-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "",
"3": "∅-"
},
"expansion": "∅-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "",
"3": "y-"
},
"expansion": "y-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "ch-"
},
"expansion": "ch-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "apy",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Apalaí",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bkq",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Bakairí",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ciy",
"2": "y-"
},
"expansion": "Chaima y-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "",
"3": "*it-"
},
"expansion": "*it-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sai-ven",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Venezuelan Cariban",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The allomorphs ∅- and i- are direct descendants of the original Proto-Cariban *i-, used before consonants. However, Proto-Cariban had ∅- on vowel-initial stems; the Ye'kwana forms y- and ch- are innovations that it shares with certain other Cariban languages. For the former, compare Apalaí, Bakairí, and Chaima y-. The latter, meanwhile, derives from an earlier form *it- also found in several languages of the Venezuelan Cariban branch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mch-personal prefixes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ewü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "y-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "∅-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "u-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "w-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "w-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"first-person",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wi-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wi-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"first-person",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"form": "küwü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"intransitive",
"patient-like"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"intransitive",
"patient-like"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"intransitive",
"patient-like"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"intransitive",
"patient-like"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kii-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "amödö",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "öy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "öy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "öd-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öd-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öd-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "öd-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "öd-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "oy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "oy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oy-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "od-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "od-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "od-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "od-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "od-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "a-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "a-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ay-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ay-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ay-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ay-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ay-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ad-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ad-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ad-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ad-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ad-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "m-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "m-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "mi-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mi-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"second-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "nña",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "y-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "d-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ch-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "∅-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "i-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "∅-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "n-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "n-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "tüwü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "y-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "d-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ch-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "∅-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "i-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "n-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "n-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "n-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tüwü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"distant-past",
"past",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"distant-past",
"past",
"postpositional"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"distant-past",
"past",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"distant-past",
"past",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kün-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kün-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kun-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kun-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kin-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kin-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ken-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ken-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "küm-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "küm-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kum-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kum-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kim-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kim-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "kini-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"distant-past",
"past",
"patient",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kini-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"distant-past",
"intransitive",
"past",
"patient-like",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "t-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "t-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "t-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "tü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "tü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "tü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "tu-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "tu-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "tu-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "ti-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "ti-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "ti-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "te-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "te-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "te-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"patient",
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"reflexive",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"pronoun",
"reciprocal"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"reciprocal"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"reciprocal",
"series-ii-verb-argument"
]
},
{
"form": "öö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"patient",
"reciprocal",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "öö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent-like",
"intransitive",
"patient-like",
"reciprocal"
]
},
{
"form": "öö-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"direct-object",
"postpositional",
"reciprocal"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mch-personal prefixes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mön-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "man-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mon-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "möm-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "möni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mön-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "man-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mon-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "möm-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "möni-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"dual",
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"object-second-person",
"patient",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "k-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-dual",
"object-exclusive",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kü-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-dual",
"object-exclusive",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ku-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-dual",
"object-exclusive",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"agent",
"object-dual",
"object-exclusive",
"object-first-person",
"patient",
"second-person",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "y-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ye'kwana",
"lang_code": "mch",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Marks a noun as having a third-person possessor."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Marks a postposition as having a third-person object."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Marks a transitive verb as having a third-person patient/object with verb forms that take series II markers."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Marks an intransitive verb as having a third-person argument/subject with verb forms that take series II markers."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Marks a verb as having third-person arguments when marked with the admonitive -'no, prohibitive -i, or uncertain future -tai suffixes."
],
"links": [
[
"-'no",
"-'no#Ye'kwana"
],
[
"-i",
"-i#Ye'kwana"
],
[
"-tai",
"-tai#Ye'kwana"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɟ-]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "Cunucunuma River dialect",
"word": "d-"
},
{
"word": "ch-"
},
{
"word": "∅-"
},
{
"alt": "allomorphs",
"word": "i-"
},
{
"english": "allomorph with postpositions only",
"word": "chö-"
}
],
"word": "y-"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Ye'kwana is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: # With following vowel lengthened if in an unreduced open syllable., style: background:#FFFFFF; font-size:80%; text-align:left;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"y-"
],
"section": "Ye'kwana",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "y-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Ye'kwana is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: # With following vowel lengthened if in an unreduced open syllable., style: background:#FFFFFF; font-size:80%; text-align:left;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"y-"
],
"section": "Ye'kwana",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "y-",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.