See -na- on Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ná-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ny",
"2": "infix",
"head": "-ná-"
},
"expansion": "-ná-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chichewa",
"lang_code": "ny",
"pos": "infix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chichewa entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chichewa infixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
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"source": "w"
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{
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"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "45 3 5 1 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms the past tense in verbs."
],
"id": "en--na--ny-infix-b-Mq5gWn",
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "commonly used alternative",
"word": "-da-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-na-"
}
{
"etymology_text": "From -na, a stem of -wa na (“to have”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-TAM-forms",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuna-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "una-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mna-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ana-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wana-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "una-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yana-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "una-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kuna-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pana-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mna-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "For more information",
"source": "conjugation"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "infix"
},
"expansion": "-na-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "infix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Positive infinitive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ku-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kw-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Negative infinitive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kuto-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Habitual"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hu-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Telegrammic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ka-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"positive"
],
"word": "General"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Positive subjunctive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Negative present"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-i"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Second person plural"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-ni"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Positive past"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Positive present"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Positive future"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-ta-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Negative subjunctive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-si-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Positive present conditional"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-nge-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Negative present conditional"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-singe-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Positive past conditional"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-ngali-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Negative past conditional"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-singali-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Gnomic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-a-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Perfect"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-me-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "Already",
"word": "past"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-lisha-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "Already",
"word": "present"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-mesha-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-sha-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-ki-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-sipo-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Consecutive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-ka-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Negative past"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-ku-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Negative future"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-ja-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Past"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Present"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Future"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-taka-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Negative"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-si-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "1 Can take stress and therefore does not require -ku-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-kw- in monosyllabic verbs"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "they are eating",
"text": "wanakula",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"positive present tense marker"
],
"id": "en--na--sw-infix-Nf5yV-oq",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "they are falling asleep",
"text": "wanalala",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "It is getting cold.",
"text": "Inakuwa baridi.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inceptive aspect marker"
],
"id": "en--na--sw-infix-y1VIy1V3",
"raw_glosses": [
"(in stative verbs) inceptive aspect marker"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in stative verbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonym: -ki-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marker of simultaneity"
],
"id": "en--na--sw-infix-PJFM5MOw",
"raw_glosses": [
"(in second verb in a series) marker of simultaneity"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in second verb in a series"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 3 5 1 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 2 4 1 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 15 2 80",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 24 8 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili infixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I was writing",
"text": "nilikuwa ninaandika",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marker of simultaneity",
"continuous aspect marker"
],
"id": "en--na--sw-infix--UaCuCg0",
"links": [
[
"-wa",
"wa#Swahili"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in second verb in a series) marker of simultaneity",
"(after -wa) continuous aspect marker"
],
"raw_tags": [
"after -wa",
"in second verb in a series"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-na.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/Sw-ke-na.flac/Sw-ke-na.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/Sw-ke-na.flac/Sw-ke-na.flac.ogg"
}
],
"word": "-na-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ná-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ny",
"2": "infix",
"head": "-ná-"
},
"expansion": "-ná-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chichewa",
"lang_code": "ny",
"pos": "infix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chichewa entries with incorrect language header",
"Chichewa infixes",
"Chichewa lemmas",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Forms the past tense in verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "commonly used alternative",
"word": "-da-"
}
],
"word": "-na-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"Swahili infixes",
"Swahili lemmas"
],
"etymology_text": "From -na, a stem of -wa na (“to have”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-TAM-forms",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuna-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "una-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mna-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ana-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wana-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "una-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yana-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "una-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kuna-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pana-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mna-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "For more information",
"source": "conjugation"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "infix"
},
"expansion": "-na-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "infix",
"related": [
{
"word": "Positive infinitive"
},
{
"word": "ku-"
},
{
"word": "kw-1"
},
{
"word": "Negative infinitive"
},
{
"word": "kuto-"
},
{
"word": "Habitual"
},
{
"word": "hu-1"
},
{
"word": "Telegrammic"
},
{
"word": "ka-1"
},
{
"tags": [
"indicative",
"positive"
],
"word": "General"
},
{
"word": "-a"
},
{
"word": "Positive subjunctive"
},
{
"word": "-e"
},
{
"word": "Negative present"
},
{
"word": "-i"
},
{
"word": "Second person plural"
},
{
"word": "-ni"
},
{
"word": "Positive past"
},
{
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"word": "Positive present"
},
{
"word": "Positive future"
},
{
"word": "-ta-"
},
{
"word": "Negative subjunctive"
},
{
"word": "-si-1"
},
{
"word": "Positive present conditional"
},
{
"word": "-nge-"
},
{
"word": "Negative present conditional"
},
{
"word": "-singe-"
},
{
"word": "Positive past conditional"
},
{
"word": "-ngali-"
},
{
"word": "Negative past conditional"
},
{
"word": "-singali-"
},
{
"word": "Gnomic"
},
{
"word": "-a-1"
},
{
"word": "Perfect"
},
{
"word": "-me-"
},
{
"english": "Already",
"word": "past"
},
{
"word": "-lisha-"
},
{
"english": "Already",
"word": "present"
},
{
"word": "-mesha-"
},
{
"word": "-sha-"
},
{
"word": "-ki-1"
},
{
"word": "-sipo-"
},
{
"word": "Consecutive"
},
{
"word": "-ka-1"
},
{
"word": "Negative past"
},
{
"word": "-ku-1"
},
{
"word": "Negative future"
},
{
"word": "-ja-1"
},
{
"word": "Past"
},
{
"word": "Present"
},
{
"word": "Future"
},
{
"word": "-taka-"
},
{
"word": "Negative"
},
{
"word": "-si-"
},
{
"word": "1 Can take stress and therefore does not require -ku-"
},
{
"word": "-kw- in monosyllabic verbs"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swahili terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "they are eating",
"text": "wanakula",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"positive present tense marker"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Swahili terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "they are falling asleep",
"text": "wanalala",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "It is getting cold.",
"text": "Inakuwa baridi.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inceptive aspect marker"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in stative verbs) inceptive aspect marker"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in stative verbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonym: -ki-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marker of simultaneity"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in second verb in a series) marker of simultaneity"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in second verb in a series"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Swahili terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I was writing",
"text": "nilikuwa ninaandika",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marker of simultaneity",
"continuous aspect marker"
],
"links": [
[
"-wa",
"wa#Swahili"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in second verb in a series) marker of simultaneity",
"(after -wa) continuous aspect marker"
],
"raw_tags": [
"after -wa",
"in second verb in a series"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-na.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/Sw-ke-na.flac/Sw-ke-na.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/Sw-ke-na.flac/Sw-ke-na.flac.ogg"
}
],
"word": "-na-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -na- meaning in All languages combined (5.9kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Swahili is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: For more information, see Appendix:Swahili verbs., style: background: #eff7ff; border: 1px solid #d0d0d0; text-align: center; line-height: 1.5em;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"-na-"
],
"section": "Swahili",
"subsection": "infix",
"title": "-na-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for For more information",
"path": [
"-na-"
],
"section": "Swahili",
"subsection": "infix",
"title": "-na-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for dummy-ignored-text-cell",
"path": [
"-na-"
],
"section": "Swahili",
"subsection": "infix",
"title": "-na-",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.