See -na- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_text": "From -na, a stem of -wa na (“to have”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-cl",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuna-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "una-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mna-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ana-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wana-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "una-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yana-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "una-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kuna-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pana-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mna-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "infix"
},
"expansion": "-na-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "infix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "39 20 3 38",
"sense": "Initial; Positive infinitive",
"word": "ku-"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 20 3 38",
"sense": "Initial; Positive infinitive",
"word": "kw-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"sense": "Initial",
"word": "ka-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 18 3 39",
"sense": "Final; Positive subjunctive",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"sense": "Final",
"tags": [
"-i"
],
"word": "Negative present"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 20 9 39",
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord; Positive past",
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 20 9 39",
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord; Positive future",
"word": "-ta-"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 20 9 39",
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord; Negative subjunctive",
"word": "-si-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 20 9 39",
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord",
"word": "-a-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 20 9 39",
"english": "Already",
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord",
"word": "past: -lisha-"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 20 9 39",
"english": "Already",
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord",
"word": "present: -mesha-"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 20 9 39",
"english": "Already",
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord",
"word": "-sha-"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 20 9 39",
"english": "If/When",
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord",
"word": "-ki-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 20 9 39",
"english": "If not",
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord",
"word": "-sipo-"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 20 9 39",
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord; Perfect",
"word": "-me-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"sense": "Relative; Past",
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"sense": "Relative; Future",
"word": "-taka-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"sense": "Relative; Negative",
"word": "-si-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "they are eating",
"text": "wanakula",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"positive present tense marker"
],
"id": "en--na--sw-infix-Nf5yV-oq",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "they are falling asleep",
"text": "wanalala",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "It is getting cold.",
"text": "Inakuwa baridi.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inceptive aspect marker"
],
"id": "en--na--sw-infix-y1VIy1V3",
"raw_glosses": [
"(in stative verbs) inceptive aspect marker"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in stative verbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonym: -ki-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marker of simultaneity"
],
"id": "en--na--sw-infix-PJFM5MOw",
"raw_glosses": [
"(in second verb in a series) marker of simultaneity"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in second verb in a series"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 3 5 1 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 2 4 1 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 15 2 80",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 24 8 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili infixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I was writing",
"text": "nilikuwa ninaandika",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marker of simultaneity",
"continuous aspect marker"
],
"id": "en--na--sw-infix--UaCuCg0",
"links": [
[
"-wa",
"wa#Swahili"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in second verb in a series) marker of simultaneity",
"(after -wa) continuous aspect marker"
],
"raw_tags": [
"after -wa",
"in second verb in a series"
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "22 26 3 48",
"sense": "Initial; Negative infinitive",
"word": "kuto-"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 24 4 52",
"sense": "Initial; Habitual",
"word": "hu-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 18 3 46",
"sense": "Final; General (positive indicative)",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 22 4 55",
"sense": "Final; Second person plural",
"word": "-ni"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 15 3 61",
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord; Positive present conditional",
"word": "-nge-"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 15 4 63",
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord; Negative present conditional",
"word": "-singe-"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 24 7 40",
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord; Positive past conditional",
"word": "-ngali-"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 24 7 40",
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord; Negative past conditional",
"word": "-singali-"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 20 10 40",
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord; Consecutive",
"word": "-ka-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 24 11 48",
"sense": "Infix position negative subject concord; Negative past",
"word": "-ku-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 24 11 48",
"sense": "Infix position negative subject concord; Negative future",
"word": "-ta-"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 24 11 48",
"english": "Not yet",
"sense": "Infix position negative subject concord",
"word": "-ja-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 16 4 67",
"sense": "Infix position negative subject concord; Negative present conditional",
"word": "-nge-"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 28 9 47",
"sense": "Infix position negative subject concord; Negative past conditional",
"word": "-ngali-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-na.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/Sw-ke-na.flac/Sw-ke-na.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/Sw-ke-na.flac/Sw-ke-na.flac.ogg"
}
],
"word": "-na-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"Swahili infixes",
"Swahili lemmas"
],
"etymology_text": "From -na, a stem of -wa na (“to have”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-cl",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuna-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "una-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mna-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ana-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wana-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "una-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yana-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zina-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "una-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kuna-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pana-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mna-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "infix"
},
"expansion": "-na-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "infix",
"related": [
{
"sense": "Initial; Positive infinitive",
"word": "ku-"
},
{
"sense": "Initial; Positive infinitive",
"word": "kw-1"
},
{
"sense": "Initial; Negative infinitive",
"word": "kuto-"
},
{
"sense": "Initial; Habitual",
"word": "hu-1"
},
{
"sense": "Initial",
"word": "ka-1"
},
{
"sense": "Final; General (positive indicative)",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"sense": "Final; Positive subjunctive",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"sense": "Final",
"tags": [
"-i"
],
"word": "Negative present"
},
{
"sense": "Final; Second person plural",
"word": "-ni"
},
{
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord; Positive past",
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord; Positive future",
"word": "-ta-"
},
{
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord; Negative subjunctive",
"word": "-si-1"
},
{
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord; Positive present conditional",
"word": "-nge-"
},
{
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord; Negative present conditional",
"word": "-singe-"
},
{
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord; Positive past conditional",
"word": "-ngali-"
},
{
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord; Negative past conditional",
"word": "-singali-"
},
{
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord",
"word": "-a-1"
},
{
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord; Perfect",
"word": "-me-"
},
{
"english": "Already",
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord",
"word": "past: -lisha-"
},
{
"english": "Already",
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord",
"word": "present: -mesha-"
},
{
"english": "Already",
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord",
"word": "-sha-"
},
{
"english": "If/When",
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord",
"word": "-ki-1"
},
{
"english": "If not",
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord",
"word": "-sipo-"
},
{
"sense": "Infix position positive subject concord; Consecutive",
"word": "-ka-1"
},
{
"sense": "Infix position negative subject concord; Negative past",
"word": "-ku-1"
},
{
"sense": "Infix position negative subject concord; Negative future",
"word": "-ta-"
},
{
"english": "Not yet",
"sense": "Infix position negative subject concord",
"word": "-ja-1"
},
{
"sense": "Infix position negative subject concord; Negative present conditional",
"word": "-nge-"
},
{
"sense": "Infix position negative subject concord; Negative past conditional",
"word": "-ngali-"
},
{
"sense": "Relative; Past",
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"sense": "Relative; Future",
"word": "-taka-"
},
{
"sense": "Relative; Negative",
"word": "-si-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swahili terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "they are eating",
"text": "wanakula",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"positive present tense marker"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Swahili terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "they are falling asleep",
"text": "wanalala",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "It is getting cold.",
"text": "Inakuwa baridi.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inceptive aspect marker"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in stative verbs) inceptive aspect marker"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in stative verbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonym: -ki-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marker of simultaneity"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in second verb in a series) marker of simultaneity"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in second verb in a series"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Swahili terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I was writing",
"text": "nilikuwa ninaandika",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marker of simultaneity",
"continuous aspect marker"
],
"links": [
[
"-wa",
"wa#Swahili"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in second verb in a series) marker of simultaneity",
"(after -wa) continuous aspect marker"
],
"raw_tags": [
"after -wa",
"in second verb in a series"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-na.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/Sw-ke-na.flac/Sw-ke-na.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/Sw-ke-na.flac/Sw-ke-na.flac.ogg"
}
],
"word": "-na-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -na- meaning in Swahili (6.3kB)
{
"called_from": "linkages/371",
"msg": "unrecognized linkage prefix: Telegrammic: ka-1 desc=Telegrammic rest=ka-1 cls=romanization cls2=romanization e1=False e2=False",
"path": [
"-na-"
],
"section": "Swahili",
"subsection": "infix",
"title": "-na-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "linkages/371",
"msg": "unrecognized linkage prefix: Gnomic: -a-1 desc=Gnomic rest=-a-1 cls=romanization cls2=romanization e1=False e2=False",
"path": [
"-na-"
],
"section": "Swahili",
"subsection": "infix",
"title": "-na-",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Swahili dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.