See -e in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ـيْ, ـيِ"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "sw-variant"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-e",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"sense": "Positive infinitive",
"word": "ku-"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"sense": "Positive infinitive",
"word": "kw-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"sense": "Negative infinitive",
"word": "kuto-"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"sense": "Habitual",
"word": "hu-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ka-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Initial"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"-i"
],
"word": "Negative present"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Final"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-a-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "Already",
"translation": "Already",
"word": "past: -lisha-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "Already",
"translation": "Already",
"word": "present: -mesha-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "Already",
"translation": "Already",
"word": "-sha-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "If/When",
"translation": "If/When",
"word": "-ki-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "If not",
"translation": "If not",
"word": "-sipo-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "Even if/Though",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"translation": "Even if/Though",
"word": "-nga-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Infix position positive subject concord"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "Not yet",
"translation": "Not yet",
"word": "-ja-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Infix position negative subject concord"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Relative"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"sense": "General (positive indicative)",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"sense": "Second person plural",
"word": "-ni"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Positive past",
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Positive present",
"word": "-na-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Positive future",
"word": "-ta-"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"sense": "Negative subjunctive",
"word": "-si-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"sense": "Positive present conditional",
"word": "-nge-"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"sense": "Negative present conditional",
"word": "-singe-"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"sense": "Negative present conditional",
"word": "-nge-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Positive past conditional",
"word": "-ngali-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Negative past conditional",
"word": "-singali-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Negative past conditional",
"word": "-ngali-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Perfect",
"word": "-me-"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"sense": "Consecutive",
"word": "-ka-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Negative past",
"word": "-ku-1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Negative future",
"word": "-ta-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Past",
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Present",
"word": "-na-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Future",
"word": "-taka-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Negative",
"word": "-si-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
7
],
[
9,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
14,
19
]
],
"english": "such that you would go home",
"text": "ili mwende nyumbani",
"translation": "such that you would go home",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
21,
23
],
[
52,
54
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
36,
39
]
],
"english": "Can't you tell it me plainly that I may admit it?",
"ref": "R. Allen (1946), “Inkishafi—a translation from the Swahili”, in African Studies, volume 5, number 4, →DOI, pages 243–249",
"roman": "Hunelezi nami kali baini, liwapo na-sura nisi katae.",
"text": "هُنِلِزِ نَمِ كَلِ بَيْنِ ، لِوَاپُ نَسُرَ نِسِ كَتَيْ",
"translation": "Can't you tell it me plainly that I may admit it?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"subjunctive marker"
],
"id": "en--e-sw-suffix-aPI8kls4",
"links": [
[
"-si-",
"-si-#Swahili"
],
[
"-ka-",
"-ka-#Swahili"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(without TAM infix, with -si-, or with -ka-) subjunctive marker"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with -si-",
"without TAM infix"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "let it be remembered",
"text": "ikumbukwe",
"translation": "let it be remembered",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"subjunctive marker",
"imperative marker"
],
"id": "en--e-sw-suffix-PfT4UDmJ",
"links": [
[
"-si-",
"-si-#Swahili"
],
[
"-ka-",
"-ka-#Swahili"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(without TAM infix, with -si-, or with -ka-) subjunctive marker",
"(without TAM infix) imperative marker"
],
"raw_tags": [
"without TAM infix",
"with -si-"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-e"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-e",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 23 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "-vimba (“to swell”) + -e → uvimbe (“swelling, expansion”)"
},
{
"text": "-umba (“to create”) + -e → kiumbe (“creature”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix used to derive a noun denoting a person or object undergoing an action"
],
"id": "en--e-sw-suffix-sw:nominal",
"senseid": [
"sw:nominal"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-e"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 53 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"Swahili lemmas",
"Swahili suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ـيْ, ـيِ"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "sw-variant"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-e",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"sense": "Positive infinitive",
"word": "ku-"
},
{
"sense": "Positive infinitive",
"word": "kw-1"
},
{
"sense": "Negative infinitive",
"word": "kuto-"
},
{
"sense": "Habitual",
"word": "hu-1"
},
{
"word": "ka-1"
},
{
"word": "Initial"
},
{
"sense": "General (positive indicative)",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"tags": [
"-i"
],
"word": "Negative present"
},
{
"sense": "Second person plural",
"word": "-ni"
},
{
"word": "Final"
},
{
"sense": "Positive past",
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"sense": "Positive present",
"word": "-na-"
},
{
"sense": "Positive future",
"word": "-ta-"
},
{
"sense": "Negative subjunctive",
"word": "-si-1"
},
{
"sense": "Positive present conditional",
"word": "-nge-"
},
{
"sense": "Negative present conditional",
"word": "-singe-"
},
{
"sense": "Positive past conditional",
"word": "-ngali-"
},
{
"sense": "Negative past conditional",
"word": "-singali-"
},
{
"word": "-a-1"
},
{
"sense": "Perfect",
"word": "-me-"
},
{
"english": "Already",
"translation": "Already",
"word": "past: -lisha-"
},
{
"english": "Already",
"translation": "Already",
"word": "present: -mesha-"
},
{
"english": "Already",
"translation": "Already",
"word": "-sha-"
},
{
"english": "If/When",
"translation": "If/When",
"word": "-ki-1"
},
{
"english": "If not",
"translation": "If not",
"word": "-sipo-"
},
{
"sense": "Consecutive",
"word": "-ka-1"
},
{
"english": "Even if/Though",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"translation": "Even if/Though",
"word": "-nga-1"
},
{
"word": "Infix position positive subject concord"
},
{
"sense": "Negative past",
"word": "-ku-1"
},
{
"sense": "Negative future",
"word": "-ta-"
},
{
"english": "Not yet",
"translation": "Not yet",
"word": "-ja-1"
},
{
"sense": "Negative present conditional",
"word": "-nge-"
},
{
"sense": "Negative past conditional",
"word": "-ngali-"
},
{
"word": "Infix position negative subject concord"
},
{
"sense": "Past",
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"sense": "Present",
"word": "-na-"
},
{
"sense": "Future",
"word": "-taka-"
},
{
"sense": "Negative",
"word": "-si-"
},
{
"word": "Relative"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swahili terms with quotations",
"Swahili terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
7
],
[
9,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
14,
19
]
],
"english": "such that you would go home",
"text": "ili mwende nyumbani",
"translation": "such that you would go home",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
21,
23
],
[
52,
54
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
36,
39
]
],
"english": "Can't you tell it me plainly that I may admit it?",
"ref": "R. Allen (1946), “Inkishafi—a translation from the Swahili”, in African Studies, volume 5, number 4, →DOI, pages 243–249",
"roman": "Hunelezi nami kali baini, liwapo na-sura nisi katae.",
"text": "هُنِلِزِ نَمِ كَلِ بَيْنِ ، لِوَاپُ نَسُرَ نِسِ كَتَيْ",
"translation": "Can't you tell it me plainly that I may admit it?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"subjunctive marker"
],
"links": [
[
"-si-",
"-si-#Swahili"
],
[
"-ka-",
"-ka-#Swahili"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(without TAM infix, with -si-, or with -ka-) subjunctive marker"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with -si-",
"without TAM infix"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Swahili terms with quotations",
"Swahili terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "let it be remembered",
"text": "ikumbukwe",
"translation": "let it be remembered",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"subjunctive marker",
"imperative marker"
],
"links": [
[
"-si-",
"-si-#Swahili"
],
[
"-ka-",
"-ka-#Swahili"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(without TAM infix, with -si-, or with -ka-) subjunctive marker",
"(without TAM infix) imperative marker"
],
"raw_tags": [
"without TAM infix",
"with -si-"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-e"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 53 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"Swahili lemmas",
"Swahili suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-e",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "-vimba (“to swell”) + -e → uvimbe (“swelling, expansion”)"
},
{
"text": "-umba (“to create”) + -e → kiumbe (“creature”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix used to derive a noun denoting a person or object undergoing an action"
],
"senseid": [
"sw:nominal"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-e"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -e meaning in Swahili (4.7kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: without TAM infix, with -si-, or with -ka-",
"path": [
"-e"
],
"section": "Swahili",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-e",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: without TAM infix, with -si-, or with -ka-",
"path": [
"-e"
],
"section": "Swahili",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-e",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "linkages/371",
"msg": "unrecognized linkage prefix: Telegrammic: ka-1 desc=Telegrammic rest=ka-1 cls=romanization cls2=romanization e1=False e2=False",
"path": [
"-e"
],
"section": "Swahili",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-e",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "linkages/371",
"msg": "unrecognized linkage prefix: Gnomic: -a-1 desc=Gnomic rest=-a-1 cls=romanization cls2=romanization e1=False e2=False",
"path": [
"-e"
],
"section": "Swahili",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-e",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Swahili dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.