See ka- -an on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*ka- -an"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *ka- -an",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "ka- -an"
},
"expansion": "Tagalog ka- -an",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "ke- -an"
},
"expansion": "Malay ke- -an",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Austronesian *ka- -an, compare kina- -an, Tagalog ka- -an, Malay ke- -an. Compare ka-, and -an.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "circumfix",
"b": "+",
"b2": "ka- an"
},
"expansion": "ka- -an (Badlit spelling ᜃ ᜀᜈ᜔ or ᜃ ᜀᜈ᜔)",
"name": "ceb-head"
}
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "circumfix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "sagbot (“grass, weed”) + ka- -an → kasagbotan (“grassland”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "saging (“banana”) + ka- -an → kasagingan (“banana plantation”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indicates a place where such objects are found"
],
"id": "en-ka-_-an-ceb-circumfix-YqzoM~sJ",
"raw_glosses": [
"(added to inanimate nouns) indicates a place where such objects are found"
],
"raw_tags": [
"added to inanimate nouns"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-an"
},
{
"word": "-anan"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 24 24 24 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano circumfixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 24 24 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 23 23 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano terms with Badlit script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 24 24 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano terms with missing Badlit script entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 24 24 24 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano terms without pronunciation template",
"parents": [
"Pronunciation templates",
"Templates"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 11 11 11 11 5 4 3 2 0 0 7 3 3 3 3 1 9 3 7 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 12 12 12 12 5 4 3 2 0 0 6 3 2 2 2 1 10 3 6 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Bisaya (“Visayan people”) + ka- -an → Kabisay-an (“Visayas region”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms collective nouns",
"forms proper nouns indicating a domain of a people or place"
],
"id": "en-ka-_-an-ceb-circumfix-bmQmEuPD",
"raw_glosses": [
"(added to nouns) forms collective nouns",
"forms proper nouns indicating a domain of a people or place"
],
"raw_tags": [
"added to nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 24 24 24 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano circumfixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 24 24 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 23 23 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano terms with Badlit script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 24 24 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano terms with missing Badlit script entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 24 24 24 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano terms without pronunciation template",
"parents": [
"Pronunciation templates",
"Templates"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 11 11 11 11 5 4 3 2 0 0 7 3 3 3 3 1 9 3 7 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 12 12 12 12 5 4 3 2 0 0 6 3 2 2 2 1 10 3 6 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "duha (“two”) + ka- -an → kaluhaan (“twenty”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms collective nouns",
"forms numerals that are multiples of ten"
],
"id": "en-ka-_-an-ceb-circumfix-iJqROSWg",
"raw_glosses": [
"(added to nouns) forms collective nouns",
"forms numerals that are multiples of ten"
],
"raw_tags": [
"added to nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 24 24 24 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano circumfixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 24 24 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 23 23 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano terms with Badlit script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 24 24 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano terms with missing Badlit script entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 24 24 24 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano terms without pronunciation template",
"parents": [
"Pronunciation templates",
"Templates"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 11 11 11 11 5 4 3 2 0 0 7 3 3 3 3 1 9 3 7 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 12 12 12 12 5 4 3 2 0 0 6 3 2 2 2 1 10 3 6 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tawo (“human”) + ka- -an → katawhan (“people”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "dagat (“sea”) + ka- -an → kadagatan (“seas (collectively)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms collective nouns"
],
"id": "en-ka-_-an-ceb-circumfix-UFwwtPHO",
"raw_glosses": [
"(added to nouns) forms collective nouns"
],
"raw_tags": [
"added to nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 24 24 24 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano circumfixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 24 24 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 23 23 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano terms with Badlit script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 24 24 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano terms with missing Badlit script entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 24 24 24 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano terms without pronunciation template",
"parents": [
"Pronunciation templates",
"Templates"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 11 11 11 11 5 4 3 2 0 0 7 3 3 3 3 1 9 3 7 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 12 12 12 12 5 4 3 2 0 0 6 3 2 2 2 1 10 3 6 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "batan-on (“young”) + ka- -an → kabatan-onan (“youth”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "husay (“orderly”) + ka- -an → kahusayan (“peace, resolution”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "daog (“to win”) + ka- -an → kadaogan (“victory”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms abstract nouns"
],
"id": "en-ka-_-an-ceb-circumfix-cvdRA7kJ",
"raw_glosses": [
"(added to adjectives or verbs) forms abstract nouns"
],
"raw_tags": [
"added to adjectives or verbs"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ka-"
},
{
"word": "pagka-"
},
{
"word": "ka- -on"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka an/"
}
],
"word": "ka- -an"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kkv",
"2": "circumfix"
},
"expansion": "ka- -an",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kangean",
"lang_code": "kkv",
"pos": "circumfix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "31 24 19 17 4 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kangean circumfixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 26 23 12 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kangean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "kindness",
"text": "kabecekan",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "eagerness",
"text": "kakarepan",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "loveliness",
"text": "kaleburan",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "palatableness",
"text": "kanyamanan",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ness; appended to adjectives to form abstract nouns meaning \"the state of (the adjective)\", \"the quality of (the adjective)\", or \"the measure of (the adjective)\"."
],
"id": "en-ka-_-an-kkv-circumfix-ko6EWsG5",
"links": [
[
"-ness",
"-ness"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "hardship",
"text": "kasaraan",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ship; appended to a noun to form a new noun denoting a property or state of being, time spent in a role, or a specialised union."
],
"id": "en-ka-_-an-kkv-circumfix-AvPBQIK0",
"links": [
[
"-ship",
"-ship"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "perplexity",
"text": "kalempongan",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ity; Used to form a noun from an adjective; especially, to form the noun referring to the state, property, or quality of conforming to the adjective's description."
],
"id": "en-ka-_-an-kkv-circumfix-UN0QwHF6",
"links": [
[
"-ity",
"-ity"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "duchy",
"text": "kadipatenan",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming nouns denoting the domain or jurisdiction of the suffixed word."
],
"id": "en-ka-_-an-kkv-circumfix-JXlyWbv4",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka an/"
}
],
"word": "ka- -an"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kkv",
"2": "circumfix"
},
"expansion": "ka- -an",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kangean",
"lang_code": "kkv",
"pos": "circumfix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "takok (“fright”) + ka- -an → katakokan (“frightened”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "tagersok (“shock”) + ka- -an → katagersokan (“shocked”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ed; to suffer or to get of noun or verb bases."
],
"id": "en-ka-_-an-kkv-circumfix-gnR8Xz-l",
"links": [
[
"-ed",
"-ed"
],
[
"suffer",
"suffer#English"
],
[
"get",
"get#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka an/"
}
],
"word": "ka- -an"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kkv",
"2": "circumfix"
},
"expansion": "ka- -an",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kangean",
"lang_code": "kkv",
"pos": "circumfix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "raje (“huge”) + ka- -an → karajean (“too big”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "dumik (“small”) + ka- -an → kadumikan (“too small”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "seang (“midday”) + ka- -an → kaseangan (“too late; overslept”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"adjective forming for very [base] or exceed, affixed into adjective, adverb, or noun."
],
"id": "en-ka-_-an-kkv-circumfix-vLGtTQs8",
"links": [
[
"very",
"very"
],
[
"exceed",
"exceed"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually colloquial) adjective forming for very [base] or exceed, affixed into adjective, adverb, or noun."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka an/"
}
],
"word": "ka- -an"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "circumfix"
},
"expansion": "ka- -an",
"name": "kne-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ka-"
],
"lang": "Kankanaey",
"lang_code": "kne",
"pos": "circumfix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 17 15 16 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kankanaey circumfixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 15 15 15 14 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kankanaey entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Igorot (“Igorot”) + ka- -an → Kaigorotan (“the Igorots, Igorot village”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Baguio (“Baguio”) + ka- -an → Kabaguioan (“the people of Baguio, the area of Baguio”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Maynila (“Manila”) + ka- -an → Kamaynilaan (“the people of Manila, the area of Manila”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form proper nouns indicating a domain of a people or place"
],
"id": "en-ka-_-an-kne-circumfix-ZNiAzOqV",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "badang (“help”) + ka- -an → kabadangan (“helper”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "inom (“drink”) + ka- -an → kainoman (“group of people with whom to drink”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "turog (“sleep”) + ka- -an → katurogan (“group of people with whom to sleep”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form nouns indicating a reciprocal relation"
],
"id": "en-ka-_-an-kne-circumfix-h0X5QoM~",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "mangan (“help”) + ka- -an → kamanganan (“about time to eat”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "bisin (“help”) + ka- -an → kabisinan (“about to be hungry”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "riing (“wake up”) + ka- -an → kariingan (“about to wake up”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form nouns indicating the time period wherein it is about to happen"
],
"id": "en-ka-_-an-kne-circumfix-WUziLbyx",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "sitek (“dirty”) + ka- -an → kasitekan (“dirty place”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "taray (“run”) + ka- -an → katarayan (“the place where [the subject] ran”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "pukaw (“steal”) + ka- -an → kapukawan (“the place where [the subject] was stolen”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form nouns indicating the location where it happened"
],
"id": "en-ka-_-an-kne-circumfix-nrkbz7FV",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "natey (“death”) + ka- -an → kanateyan (“cause of death”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "suro (“teach”) + ka- -an → kasuroan (“the act of teaching”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "aramid (“do”) + ka- -an → kaaramidan (“the act of doing, creating”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form nouns indicating the act of doing the action expressed by the root, or the manner in which the action expressed by the root is performed"
],
"id": "en-ka-_-an-kne-circumfix-imASx6tJ",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "laing (“wise”) + ka- -an → kalaingan (“wisest”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "kulit (“naughty”) + ka- -an → kakulitan (“naughtiest”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "bangsit (“smelly”) + ka- -an → kabangsitan (“smelliest”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form the superlative degree of an adjective"
],
"id": "en-ka-_-an-kne-circumfix-QtvOx7YS",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka an/",
"note": "Standard Kankanaey"
},
{
"ipa": "[k̠ʌ ʌn]",
"note": "Standard Kankanaey"
},
{
"rhymes": "-an"
}
],
"word": "ka- -an"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*ka- -an"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *ka- -an",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "ke- -an"
},
"expansion": "Malay ke- -an",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Austronesian *ka- -an (compare Malay ke- -an).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜃ ◌ᜈ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
},
{
"form": "ᜃ ᜀᜈ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "circumfix",
"b": "+",
"b2": "ka- an"
},
"expansion": "ka- -an (Baybayin spelling ᜃ ◌ᜈ᜔ or ᜃ ᜀᜈ᜔)",
"name": "tl-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ka-"
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "circumfix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 11 11 11 11 5 4 3 2 0 0 7 3 3 3 3 1 9 3 7 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 21 33 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog circumfixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 13 33 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 14 36 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 20 34 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 14 35 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "payapa (“peaceful”) + ka- -an → kapayapaan (“peace”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "malay (“awareness”) + ka- -an → kamalayan (“consciousness”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form abstract nouns"
],
"id": "en-ka-_-an-tl-circumfix-1AWyg1kc",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 21 33 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog circumfixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 14 36 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 20 34 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "gubat (“woods”) + ka- -an → kagubatan (“forest”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "dagat (“sea”) + ka- -an → karagatan (“ocean”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form nouns indicating a larger location"
],
"id": "en-ka-_-an-tl-circumfix-ZOYUZeGm",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 21 33 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog circumfixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 14 36 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 20 34 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Tagalog (“Tagalog”) + ka- -an → Katagalugan (“Tagalog area”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Bisaya (“Visayan”) + ka- -an → Kabisayaan (“Visayas; Visayan area”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Maynila (“Manila”) + ka- -an → Kamaynilaan (“Metro Manila; Manila area”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form proper nouns indicating a domain of a people or place"
],
"id": "en-ka-_-an-tl-circumfix-ZNiAzOqV",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 21 33 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog circumfixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 20 34 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ibig (“love”) + ka- -an → kaibigan (“friend; person who receives love from someone; lover”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "halik (“kiss”) + ka- -an → kahalikan (“person who receives kisses from someone; kissing-mate”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form words meaning “one who receives or (-an) from someone (ka-)”"
],
"id": "en-ka-_-an-tl-circumfix-Qj~cGbeA",
"links": [
[
"-an",
"-an#Tagalog"
],
[
"ka-",
"ka-#Tagalog"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "ca- -an"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
"word": "Spanish-based orthography"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
"word": "ka- -han"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
"word": "ka- -nan"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka an/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɐ ɐn̪]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-an"
}
],
"word": "ka- -an"
}
{
"categories": [
"Cebuano circumfixes",
"Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"Cebuano lemmas",
"Cebuano multiword terms",
"Cebuano terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
"Cebuano terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
"Cebuano terms with Badlit script",
"Cebuano terms with missing Badlit script entries",
"Cebuano terms without pronunciation template",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*ka- -an"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *ka- -an",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "ka- -an"
},
"expansion": "Tagalog ka- -an",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "ke- -an"
},
"expansion": "Malay ke- -an",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Austronesian *ka- -an, compare kina- -an, Tagalog ka- -an, Malay ke- -an. Compare ka-, and -an.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "circumfix",
"b": "+",
"b2": "ka- an"
},
"expansion": "ka- -an (Badlit spelling ᜃ ᜀᜈ᜔ or ᜃ ᜀᜈ᜔)",
"name": "ceb-head"
}
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "circumfix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "sagbot (“grass, weed”) + ka- -an → kasagbotan (“grassland”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "saging (“banana”) + ka- -an → kasagingan (“banana plantation”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indicates a place where such objects are found"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(added to inanimate nouns) indicates a place where such objects are found"
],
"raw_tags": [
"added to inanimate nouns"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-an"
},
{
"word": "-anan"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Bisaya (“Visayan people”) + ka- -an → Kabisay-an (“Visayas region”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms collective nouns",
"forms proper nouns indicating a domain of a people or place"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(added to nouns) forms collective nouns",
"forms proper nouns indicating a domain of a people or place"
],
"raw_tags": [
"added to nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "duha (“two”) + ka- -an → kaluhaan (“twenty”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms collective nouns",
"forms numerals that are multiples of ten"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(added to nouns) forms collective nouns",
"forms numerals that are multiples of ten"
],
"raw_tags": [
"added to nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "tawo (“human”) + ka- -an → katawhan (“people”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "dagat (“sea”) + ka- -an → kadagatan (“seas (collectively)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms collective nouns"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(added to nouns) forms collective nouns"
],
"raw_tags": [
"added to nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "batan-on (“young”) + ka- -an → kabatan-onan (“youth”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "husay (“orderly”) + ka- -an → kahusayan (“peace, resolution”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "daog (“to win”) + ka- -an → kadaogan (“victory”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms abstract nouns"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(added to adjectives or verbs) forms abstract nouns"
],
"raw_tags": [
"added to adjectives or verbs"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ka-"
},
{
"word": "pagka-"
},
{
"word": "ka- -on"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka an/"
}
],
"word": "ka- -an"
}
{
"categories": [
"Kangean circumfixes",
"Kangean entries with incorrect language header",
"Kangean lemmas",
"Kangean multiword terms",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kkv",
"2": "circumfix"
},
"expansion": "ka- -an",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kangean",
"lang_code": "kkv",
"pos": "circumfix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant target parameters",
"Kangean terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "kindness",
"text": "kabecekan",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "eagerness",
"text": "kakarepan",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "loveliness",
"text": "kaleburan",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "palatableness",
"text": "kanyamanan",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ness; appended to adjectives to form abstract nouns meaning \"the state of (the adjective)\", \"the quality of (the adjective)\", or \"the measure of (the adjective)\"."
],
"links": [
[
"-ness",
"-ness"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant target parameters",
"Kangean terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "hardship",
"text": "kasaraan",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ship; appended to a noun to form a new noun denoting a property or state of being, time spent in a role, or a specialised union."
],
"links": [
[
"-ship",
"-ship"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant target parameters",
"Kangean terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "perplexity",
"text": "kalempongan",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ity; Used to form a noun from an adjective; especially, to form the noun referring to the state, property, or quality of conforming to the adjective's description."
],
"links": [
[
"-ity",
"-ity"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Kangean terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "duchy",
"text": "kadipatenan",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming nouns denoting the domain or jurisdiction of the suffixed word."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka an/"
}
],
"word": "ka- -an"
}
{
"categories": [
"Kangean circumfixes",
"Kangean entries with incorrect language header",
"Kangean lemmas",
"Kangean multiword terms",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kkv",
"2": "circumfix"
},
"expansion": "ka- -an",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kangean",
"lang_code": "kkv",
"pos": "circumfix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "takok (“fright”) + ka- -an → katakokan (“frightened”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "tagersok (“shock”) + ka- -an → katagersokan (“shocked”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ed; to suffer or to get of noun or verb bases."
],
"links": [
[
"-ed",
"-ed"
],
[
"suffer",
"suffer#English"
],
[
"get",
"get#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka an/"
}
],
"word": "ka- -an"
}
{
"categories": [
"Kangean circumfixes",
"Kangean entries with incorrect language header",
"Kangean lemmas",
"Kangean multiword terms",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kkv",
"2": "circumfix"
},
"expansion": "ka- -an",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kangean",
"lang_code": "kkv",
"pos": "circumfix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Kangean colloquialisms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "raje (“huge”) + ka- -an → karajean (“too big”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "dumik (“small”) + ka- -an → kadumikan (“too small”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "seang (“midday”) + ka- -an → kaseangan (“too late; overslept”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"adjective forming for very [base] or exceed, affixed into adjective, adverb, or noun."
],
"links": [
[
"very",
"very"
],
[
"exceed",
"exceed"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually colloquial) adjective forming for very [base] or exceed, affixed into adjective, adverb, or noun."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka an/"
}
],
"word": "ka- -an"
}
{
"categories": [
"Kankanaey circumfixes",
"Kankanaey entries with incorrect language header",
"Kankanaey lemmas",
"Kankanaey multiword terms",
"Kankanaey terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "circumfix"
},
"expansion": "ka- -an",
"name": "kne-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ka-"
],
"lang": "Kankanaey",
"lang_code": "kne",
"pos": "circumfix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Igorot (“Igorot”) + ka- -an → Kaigorotan (“the Igorots, Igorot village”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Baguio (“Baguio”) + ka- -an → Kabaguioan (“the people of Baguio, the area of Baguio”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Maynila (“Manila”) + ka- -an → Kamaynilaan (“the people of Manila, the area of Manila”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form proper nouns indicating a domain of a people or place"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "badang (“help”) + ka- -an → kabadangan (“helper”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "inom (“drink”) + ka- -an → kainoman (“group of people with whom to drink”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "turog (“sleep”) + ka- -an → katurogan (“group of people with whom to sleep”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form nouns indicating a reciprocal relation"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "mangan (“help”) + ka- -an → kamanganan (“about time to eat”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "bisin (“help”) + ka- -an → kabisinan (“about to be hungry”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "riing (“wake up”) + ka- -an → kariingan (“about to wake up”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form nouns indicating the time period wherein it is about to happen"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "sitek (“dirty”) + ka- -an → kasitekan (“dirty place”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "taray (“run”) + ka- -an → katarayan (“the place where [the subject] ran”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "pukaw (“steal”) + ka- -an → kapukawan (“the place where [the subject] was stolen”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form nouns indicating the location where it happened"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "natey (“death”) + ka- -an → kanateyan (“cause of death”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "suro (“teach”) + ka- -an → kasuroan (“the act of teaching”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "aramid (“do”) + ka- -an → kaaramidan (“the act of doing, creating”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form nouns indicating the act of doing the action expressed by the root, or the manner in which the action expressed by the root is performed"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "laing (“wise”) + ka- -an → kalaingan (“wisest”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "kulit (“naughty”) + ka- -an → kakulitan (“naughtiest”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "bangsit (“smelly”) + ka- -an → kabangsitan (“smelliest”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form the superlative degree of an adjective"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka an/",
"note": "Standard Kankanaey"
},
{
"ipa": "[k̠ʌ ʌn]",
"note": "Standard Kankanaey"
},
{
"rhymes": "-an"
}
],
"word": "ka- -an"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Tagalog circumfixes",
"Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"Tagalog lemmas",
"Tagalog multiword terms",
"Tagalog terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
"Tagalog terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
"Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*ka- -an"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *ka- -an",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "ke- -an"
},
"expansion": "Malay ke- -an",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Austronesian *ka- -an (compare Malay ke- -an).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜃ ◌ᜈ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
},
{
"form": "ᜃ ᜀᜈ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "circumfix",
"b": "+",
"b2": "ka- an"
},
"expansion": "ka- -an (Baybayin spelling ᜃ ◌ᜈ᜔ or ᜃ ᜀᜈ᜔)",
"name": "tl-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ka-"
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "circumfix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "payapa (“peaceful”) + ka- -an → kapayapaan (“peace”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "malay (“awareness”) + ka- -an → kamalayan (“consciousness”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form abstract nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "gubat (“woods”) + ka- -an → kagubatan (“forest”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "dagat (“sea”) + ka- -an → karagatan (“ocean”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form nouns indicating a larger location"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Tagalog (“Tagalog”) + ka- -an → Katagalugan (“Tagalog area”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Bisaya (“Visayan”) + ka- -an → Kabisayaan (“Visayas; Visayan area”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Maynila (“Manila”) + ka- -an → Kamaynilaan (“Metro Manila; Manila area”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form proper nouns indicating a domain of a people or place"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ibig (“love”) + ka- -an → kaibigan (“friend; person who receives love from someone; lover”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "halik (“kiss”) + ka- -an → kahalikan (“person who receives kisses from someone; kissing-mate”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form words meaning “one who receives or (-an) from someone (ka-)”"
],
"links": [
[
"-an",
"-an#Tagalog"
],
[
"ka-",
"ka-#Tagalog"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka an/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɐ ɐn̪]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-an"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "ca- -an"
},
{
"word": "Spanish-based orthography"
},
{
"word": "ka- -han"
},
{
"word": "ka- -nan"
}
],
"word": "ka- -an"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ka- -an meaning in All languages combined (13.2kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: Badlit spelling ᜃ ᜀᜈ᜔ or ᜃ ᜀᜈ᜔",
"path": [
"ka- -an"
],
"section": "Cebuano",
"subsection": "circumfix",
"title": "ka- -an",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''forms collective nouns'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"ka- -an"
],
"section": "Cebuano",
"subsection": "circumfix",
"title": "ka- -an",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.