See lean in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "forward-leaning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "forward leaning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lean back"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "leaner"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lean in"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "leaning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "leaning board"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "leaning toothpick syndrome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lean into"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lean on"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lean over backwards"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lean-to"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lean towards"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "outlean"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "overlean"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "uplean"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱley-",
"id": "incline"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lenen",
"4": "",
"5": "to lean"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lenen (“to lean”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hleonian"
},
"expansion": "Old English hleonian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hlinēn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hlinēn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hlināną",
"4": "",
"5": "to lean, incline"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlināną (“to lean, incline”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱley-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱley-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "leunen",
"3": "",
"4": "to lean"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch leunen (“to lean”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lehnen",
"3": "",
"4": "to lean"
},
"expansion": "German lehnen (“to lean”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lenen (“to lean”), from Old English hleonian, hlinian (“to lean, recline, lie down, rest”), from Proto-West Germanic *hlinēn, from Proto-Germanic *hlināną (“to lean, incline”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱley-.\nCognate via Proto-Germanic with Middle Dutch leunen (“to lean”), German lehnen (“to lean”); via Proto-Indo-European with climate, cline.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leans",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "leaning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "leaned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "leaned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "leant",
"tags": [
"UK",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "leant",
"tags": [
"UK",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"past2": "leant",
"past2_qual": "UK"
},
"expansion": "lean (third-person singular simple present leans, present participle leaning, simple past and past participle leaned or (UK) leant)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "climate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cline"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 31 20 9 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 27 24 9 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 33 21 8 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 28 25 10 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Assamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 34 22 8 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 30 22 11 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 39 23 3 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 35 20 8 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 30 22 12 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 35 20 8 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 34 22 8 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 31 17 12 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 28 25 10 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 36 15 10 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lushootseed translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 31 17 12 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mansaka translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 37 16 10 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maranao translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 27 25 10 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 41 18 5 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 34 22 8 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 26 24 12 10 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 30 22 11 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 34 22 8 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 31 17 13 11 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with ǃXóõ translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a leaning column",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "She leaned out of the window.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To incline, deviate, or bend, from a vertical position; to be in a position thus inclining or deviating."
],
"id": "en-lean-en-verb-kX-D6cck",
"links": [
[
"incline",
"incline"
],
[
"deviate",
"deviate"
],
[
"bend",
"bend"
],
[
"vertical",
"vertical"
],
[
"position",
"position"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To incline, deviate, or bend, from a vertical position; to be in a position thus inclining or deviating."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "māla",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "مَالَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "hola",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "হলা"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "ãuza",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "আঁউজা"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "kati hüa",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "কাতি হোৱা"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "dhola",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "ঢলা"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "naveždam",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "навеждам"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "inclinar"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "傾斜"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qīngxié, qǐngxié",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "倾斜"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "klini"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "alkliniĝi"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "olla kallellaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "olla vinossa"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "pencher"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "inclinar"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "sich lehnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "klínomai",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "κλίνομαι"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "dől"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "pendere"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"alt": "かたむける",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "katamukeru",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "傾ける"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "giulda",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "기울다"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "msk",
"lang": "Mansaka",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "sanday"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "wharara"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "taiuru"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "whirinaki"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "hirinaki"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "mrw",
"lang": "Maranao",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "sanday"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to incline",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pochylać się"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to incline",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pochylić się"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to incline",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "nachylać się"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to incline",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "nachylić się"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to incline",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "skłaniać się"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to incline",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "skłonić się"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "inclinar"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "înclina"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naklonjátʹsja",
"sense": "to incline",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "наклоня́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naklonítʹsja",
"sense": "to incline",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "наклони́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "inclinar"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 40 2 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "luta"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 31 20 9 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 27 24 9 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 33 21 8 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 28 25 10 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Assamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 30 22 11 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 35 20 8 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 35 20 8 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 28 25 10 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 27 25 10 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 26 24 12 10 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 30 22 11 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I’m leaning towards voting Conservative in the next election.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The Hispanic vote leans Democratic.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1600, Edmund Spenser, “A View of the State of Ireland. […]”, in The Works of Mr. Edmund Spenser, volume VI, London: Jacob Tonson […], published 1715, →OCLC, page 1518:",
"text": "But you ſay they do not accept of them, but delight rather to lean to their old Cuſtoms and Brehon Laws, though they be more unjuſt and alſo more inconvenient for the common People, as by your late Relation of them I have gathered.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To incline in opinion or desire; to conform in conduct; often with to, toward, etc."
],
"id": "en-lean-en-verb-qE6XZWni",
"links": [
[
"copulative",
"copular verb"
],
[
"opinion",
"opinion"
],
[
"desire",
"desire"
],
[
"conform",
"conform"
],
[
"conduct",
"conduct"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(copulative) To incline in opinion or desire; to conform in conduct; often with to, toward, etc."
],
"tags": [
"copulative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 30 22 11 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 26 24 12 10 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 30 22 11 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1864, Alfred Tennyson, “Aylmer’s Field”, in Enoch Arden, &c., London: Edward Moxon & Co., […], →OCLC, page 54:",
"text": "He lean'd not on his fathers but himself.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XLV, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC, pages 374–375:",
"text": "The slightest effort made the patient cough. He would stand leaning on a stick and holding a hand to his side, and when the paroxysm had passed it left him shaking.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rest or rely, for support, comfort, etc."
],
"id": "en-lean-en-verb-yGkD15RH",
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
],
[
"on",
"on"
],
[
"upon",
"upon"
],
[
"rest",
"rest"
],
[
"rely",
"rely"
],
[
"support",
"support"
],
[
"comfort",
"comfort"
]
],
"qualifier": "Followed by against; on; or upon; Followed by against; on; or upon",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Followed by against, on, or upon) To rest or rely, for support, comfort, etc."
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "istanada",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "اِسْتَنَدَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ittakaʔa",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "اِتَّكَأَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "henvel",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "հենվել"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"word": "söykənmək"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podpiram se",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "подпирам се"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "aai¹",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "挨"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yǐkào",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "倚靠"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "nojata"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "s’appuyer"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "appoggiarsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"alt": "もたれる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "motareru",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "靠れる"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gidaeda",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "기대다"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "uijihada",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "의지하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "nītor"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "lut",
"lang": "Lushootseed",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "ʔili"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "pahiwi"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "whakahirihiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "whakawhirinaki"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "escorar-se"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "apoiar-se"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "opirátʹsja",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "опира́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "operétʹsja",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "опере́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "śrayati",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "श्रयति"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "apoyarse"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "luta sig mot"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 4 80 0 0",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "azıkyayen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 26 24 12 10 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To hang outwards."
],
"id": "en-lean-en-verb-wkU1Bd--",
"links": [
[
"hang",
"hang#Verb"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hakvel",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "հակվել"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "abocar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "leunen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "kallistaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "kallistua"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "se pencher"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "lehnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "menyandarkan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "sporgersi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"alt": "かたむく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "katamuku",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "傾く"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "lene"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "lene"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "reclinar-se"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "inclina"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "rezema"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naklonjátʹsja",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "наклоня́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naklonítʹsja",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"perfective"
],
"word": "наклони́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "viseti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "declinarse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "luta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "luta sig"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "yaslanmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "dayanmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "naxyljátysja",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "нахиля́тися"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sxyljátysja",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "схиля́тися"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 99 0",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "azıkyen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1697, Virgil, “The Tenth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 533, lines 1187–1188:",
"text": "Oppreſs'd with Anguiſh, panting, and o'reſpent, / His fainting Limbs against an Oak he leant.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To press against."
],
"id": "en-lean-en-verb-L-qygJHH",
"links": [
[
"press",
"press#Verb"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "henvel",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "հենվել"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "söykənmək"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "opiram se",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "опирам се"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "repenjar-se"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "recolsar-se"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "arrambar-se"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yǐ",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "倚"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "倚著"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yǐ zhe",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "倚着"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "opřít"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "leunen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "aanleunen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "nojata"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "nojautua"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "se presser"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "lehnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "anlehnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "dől"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "támaszkodik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "reclinare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "appoggiare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "adagiarsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "adagiare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "motareru",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "もたれる"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "palldanewe",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "پاڵدانەوە"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "lene"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "bikke"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "lamidan",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "لمیدن"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to press against",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "opierać się"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to press against",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oprzeć się"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "apoiar-se"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "ține"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "opirátʹsja",
"sense": "to press against",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "опира́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "опере́ться pf (operétʹsja) (на + accusative case)",
"sense": "to press against"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prislonjátʹsja",
"sense": "to press against",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "прислоня́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "прислони́ться pf (prislonítʹsja) (к + dative case)",
"sense": "to press against"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "nasloniti se"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "apoyarse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "arrimar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "reclinar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "luta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "spyrátysja",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "спира́тися"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "opyrátysja",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "опира́тися"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "prytuljátysja",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "притуля́тися"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "tulýtysja",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "тули́тися"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "nmn",
"lang": "ǃXóõ",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "ǃgàa"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "lēn"
},
{
"ipa": "/liːn/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-lean.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg/En-us-lean.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "lien"
}
],
"word": "lean"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱley-",
"id": "incline"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lenen",
"4": "",
"5": "to lean"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lenen (“to lean”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hleonian"
},
"expansion": "Old English hleonian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hlinēn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hlinēn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hlināną",
"4": "",
"5": "to lean, incline"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlināną (“to lean, incline”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱley-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱley-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "leunen",
"3": "",
"4": "to lean"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch leunen (“to lean”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lehnen",
"3": "",
"4": "to lean"
},
"expansion": "German lehnen (“to lean”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lenen (“to lean”), from Old English hleonian, hlinian (“to lean, recline, lie down, rest”), from Proto-West Germanic *hlinēn, from Proto-Germanic *hlināną (“to lean, incline”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱley-.\nCognate via Proto-Germanic with Middle Dutch leunen (“to lean”), German lehnen (“to lean”); via Proto-Indo-European with climate, cline.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leans",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lean (plural leans)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 31 20 9 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 27 24 9 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 33 21 8 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 28 25 10 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Assamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 30 22 11 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 35 20 8 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 35 20 8 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 28 25 10 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 27 25 10 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 26 24 12 10 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 30 22 11 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "antigravity lean"
},
{
"word": "anti-gravity lean"
},
{
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "gangsta lean"
},
{
"word": "gangster lean"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The trees had various leans toward gaps in the canopy.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An inclination away from the vertical."
],
"id": "en-lean-en-noun-5cupPcB3",
"links": [
[
"inclination",
"inclination"
],
[
"vertical",
"vertical"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of an object taller than its width and depth) An inclination away from the vertical."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of an object taller than its width and depth"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "inclination away from vertical",
"word": "tilt"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "lēn"
},
{
"ipa": "/liːn/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-lean.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg/En-us-lean.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "lien"
}
],
"word": "lean"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boneless lean beef trimmings"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lean and mean"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lean-burn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lean client"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lean finely textured beef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "leanness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lean nitrogen oxide trap"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "leansome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lean thinking"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lean-witted"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lene",
"4": "",
"5": "lean"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lene (“lean”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hlǣne",
"4": "",
"5": "lean"
},
"expansion": "Old English hlǣne (“lean”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "leen"
},
"expansion": "Low German leen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hlainijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to cause to lean"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlainijaną (“to cause to lean”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hlinian"
},
"expansion": "Old English hlinian",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lene (“lean”), from Old English hlǣne (“lean”), (cognate with Low German leen), perhaps from hlǣnan (“to cause to lean (due to hunger or lack of food)”), from Proto-Germanic *hlainijaną (“to cause to lean”). If so, then related to Old English hlinian, hleonian (“to lean”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leaner",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "leanest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "lean (comparative leaner, superlative leanest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 3 6 6 6 9 5 9 14 6 5 3 2 2 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 3 9 7 11 11 17 16 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 4 7 5 9 12 22 10 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2024 May 1, ZacharyFurr, “Gym types”, in The In Constant Chronicles:",
"text": "They will now dedicate several hours at the gym every day to be leaner and stronger.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Slim; not fleshy."
],
"id": "en-lean-en-adj-en:slim",
"links": [
[
"Slim",
"slim"
],
[
"fleshy",
"fleshy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a person or animal) Slim; not fleshy."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a person or animal"
],
"senseid": [
"en:slim"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lithe"
},
{
"word": "svelte"
},
{
"word": "willowy"
},
{
"word": "slender"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "naḥīf",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "نحيف"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "yabıq",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "ябыҡ"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "bho",
"lang": "Bhojpuri",
"roman": "charahᵊrā",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "छरहरा"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "bho",
"lang": "Bhojpuri",
"roman": "ḍhubᵊlā",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "ढुबला"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "slab",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "слаб"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mǎršav",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "мършав"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "magre"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "ulesoda",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "ᎤᎴᏐᏓ"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shòu",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "瘦"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "mager"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "slank"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "tenger"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "laiha"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "hoikka"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "mince"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "delgado"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "delgada"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "magro"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "magra"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "mager"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "dürr"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "schlank"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "iskhnós",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "ἰσχνός"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "charahrā",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "छरहरा"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ḍhublā",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "ढुबला"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "magro"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "asciutto"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "slanciato"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sodo"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "magru"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "mógre"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "koldons"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "kūds"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "macer"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "kalsns"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "kōhoi"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "hīroki"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "whīroki"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "hīoi"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "hōkaka"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "pākokekoke"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "slank"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "linge"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "prim"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "denn"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "esbelto"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "subțire"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "slab"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xudój",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "худо́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"english": "skinny",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tóščij",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "то́щий"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"english": "wiry",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podžáryj",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "поджа́рый"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "suxoščávyj",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "сухоща́вый"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "delgado"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "esbelto"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "mager"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "smal"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "ince"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "zayıf"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "xudýj",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "худи́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "ozg'in"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "maigue"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barı (diq)"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bari (diq)"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 1 1 2",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "qor sg or"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "lean steak cuts",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Penguin, →ISBN, page 34:",
"text": "The butcher and the porkman painted up only the leanest scrags of meat; the baker, the coarsest of meagre loaves.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having little fat."
],
"id": "en-lean-en-adj-b7jBUFlo",
"links": [
[
"fat",
"fat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of meat) Having little fat."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of meat"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "hum",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "һум"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "yabıq",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "ябыҡ"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krehǎk",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "крехък"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "magre"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "kogh"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "mager"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "vähärasvainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "maigre"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "magro"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "mager"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "magro"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "poss"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "macer"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "liess"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "mi",
"english": "Referring to fish",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "tipiwai"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "hinuiti"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "tūpuhi"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "mager"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "magre"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "magro"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "slab macru"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "póstnyj",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "по́стный"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "magro"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "mager"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "az yağlı"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "yağsız"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "maigue"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 65 16 9 5 2",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "bêruwen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a lean budget",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "a lean harvest",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having little extra or little to spare; scanty; meagre."
],
"id": "en-lean-en-adj-SH7fSHA3",
"links": [
[
"extra",
"extra"
],
[
"spare",
"spare"
],
[
"scanty",
"scanty"
],
[
"meagre",
"meagre"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "insufficient"
},
{
"word": "scarce"
},
{
"word": "sparse"
},
{
"word": "inadequate"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 9 79 5 1 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "magre"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 79 5 1 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "karig"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 79 5 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "niukka"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 79 5 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "vähäinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 79 5 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "serré"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 79 5 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "knapp"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 79 5 1 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "magro"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 79 5 1 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "scarso"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 79 5 1 2",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "magre"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 79 5 1 2",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "estrech"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 79 5 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bédnyj",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "бе́дный"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 79 5 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skúdnyj",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "ску́дный"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 79 5 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"english": "modest, e.g. budget",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skrómnyj",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "скро́мный"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 79 5 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "estrecho"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 79 5 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "ajustado"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 79 5 1 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "kıt"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 79 5 1 2",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "kambag'al"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 79 5 1 2",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tayn"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "rich"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "A lean ore hardly worth mining.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Running on too lean a fuel-air mixture will cause, among other problems, your internal combustion engine to heat up too much.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having a low proportion or concentration of a desired substance or ingredient."
],
"id": "en-lean-en-adj-z-lDz03c",
"links": [
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"proportion",
"proportion"
],
[
"concentration",
"concentration"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
],
[
"ingredient",
"ingredient"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "deficient"
},
{
"word": "dilute"
},
{
"word": "poor"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 12 11 67 2 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "beden",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"word": "беден"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 12 11 67 2 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"word": "laiha"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 12 11 67 2 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"word": "laimea"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 12 11 67 2 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"word": "heikko"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 12 11 67 2 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"word": "pauvre"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 12 11 67 2 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"word": "mager"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 12 11 67 2 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "magra"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 12 11 67 2 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ricca"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 12 11 67 2 3",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"word": "mager"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 12 11 67 2 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obednjónnyj",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"word": "обеднённый"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 12 11 67 2 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"word": "delgado"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 12 11 67 2 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"word": "sobreoxigenado"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Printing",
"orig": "en:Printing",
"parents": [
"Industries",
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 3 9 7 11 11 17 16 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "lean copy, matter, or type",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a character which prevents the compositor from earning the usual wages; opposed to fat."
],
"id": "en-lean-en-adj-nzkGHyx0",
"links": [
[
"printing",
"printing#Noun"
],
[
"compositor",
"compositor"
],
[
"fat",
"fat#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(printing, archaic) Of a character which prevents the compositor from earning the usual wages; opposed to fat."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"topics": [
"media",
"printing",
"publishing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Business",
"orig": "en:Business",
"parents": [
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 3 9 7 11 11 17 16 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 4 7 5 9 12 22 10 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "lean management",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "lean manufacturing",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Alcoa is now a lean and agile enterprise, after having split last year into two entities.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Richard J. Schonberger, Best Practices in Lean Six Sigma Process Improvement, page 204:",
"text": "Kitting for in-plant handling is unlean. Kitting for transport, on the other hand, is lean; for example, shipping complete sets of parts to make a TV or motorcycle or motor home is lean.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Efficient, economic, frugal, agile, slimmed-down; pertaining to the modern industrial principles of \"lean manufacturing\"."
],
"id": "en-lean-en-adj-g-jPkNRp",
"links": [
[
"business",
"business"
],
[
"Efficient",
"efficient"
],
[
"economic",
"economic"
],
[
"frugal",
"frugal"
],
[
"agile",
"agile"
],
[
"lean manufacturing",
"lean manufacturing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(business) Efficient, economic, frugal, agile, slimmed-down; pertaining to the modern industrial principles of \"lean manufacturing\"."
],
"topics": [
"business"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "lēn"
},
{
"ipa": "/liːn/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-lean.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg/En-us-lean.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "lien"
}
],
"word": "lean"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lene",
"4": "",
"5": "lean"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lene (“lean”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hlǣne",
"4": "",
"5": "lean"
},
"expansion": "Old English hlǣne (“lean”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "leen"
},
"expansion": "Low German leen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hlainijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to cause to lean"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlainijaną (“to cause to lean”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hlinian"
},
"expansion": "Old English hlinian",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lene (“lean”), from Old English hlǣne (“lean”), (cognate with Low German leen), perhaps from hlǣnan (“to cause to lean (due to hunger or lack of food)”), from Proto-Germanic *hlainijaną (“to cause to lean”). If so, then related to Old English hlinian, hleonian (“to lean”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leans",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "lean (countable and uncountable, plural leans)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 3 4 3 7 7 4 32 8 6 3 2 1 1 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 8 4 8 10 8 15 8 7 6 3 1 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 3 6 4 8 10 6 16 8 7 6 3 1 1 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 5 6 4 8 8 5 16 9 7 4 2 1 1 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 6 4 8 10 6 16 8 7 6 3 1 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 4 7 5 8 8 6 16 9 7 3 2 1 1 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 6 4 8 10 6 16 8 7 6 3 1 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 4 6 4 7 9 6 18 9 8 4 3 1 1 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 6 3 8 9 5 21 9 7 3 2 1 1 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 6 3 8 9 5 21 9 7 3 2 1 1 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 6 4 8 10 6 16 8 7 6 3 1 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 9 5 8 11 6 14 9 8 5 2 1 1 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 6 4 8 10 6 16 8 7 6 3 1 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 6 3 8 9 5 21 9 7 3 2 1 1 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 5 3 12 8 5 22 8 7 3 2 1 1 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 6 4 8 10 6 17 8 7 6 3 1 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 6 4 8 10 6 17 8 7 6 3 1 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 6 4 8 10 6 16 8 7 6 3 1 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 6 3 8 9 5 21 9 7 3 2 1 1 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Zazaki translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 4 8 5 11 14 22 9 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bashkir translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 4 1 7 8 36 17 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bhojpuri translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 3 7 4 10 13 24 10 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cherokee translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 4 8 5 10 13 21 9 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cornish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 3 9 7 11 11 17 16 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 4 7 5 9 12 22 10 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 2 5 2 9 12 30 11 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kabuverdianu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 4 7 4 9 12 24 10 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latgalian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 4 10 7 12 13 20 12 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 4 8 5 11 14 23 9 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 4 8 5 9 11 23 11 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 4 1 6 8 41 8 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 4 10 7 12 12 20 11 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uzbek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 4 8 5 11 14 22 9 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Walloon translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1639, or earlier, Anon: Jack Sprat:",
"text": "Jack Sprat would eat no fat, / His wife would eat no lean.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Meat with no fat on it."
],
"id": "en-lean-en-noun-h5QaD5UR",
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Meat with no fat on it."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Biology",
"orig": "en:Biology",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 3 6 6 6 9 5 9 14 6 5 3 2 2 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 3 6 5 7 8 6 13 16 6 5 2 1 1 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 3 9 7 11 11 17 16 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 4 7 5 9 12 22 10 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1986, Southwest Fisheries Center (U.S.), Collected Reprints (issue 1)",
"text": "The intermediates and leans are the predominant morphotypes found at the SE-NHR seamounts […]"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Obesity: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional, page 56:",
"text": "Obese Zuckers, compared to leans, consumed more food under free-feeding conditions.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An organism that is lean in stature."
],
"id": "en-lean-en-noun-W39e2LcE",
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"organism",
"organism"
],
[
"stature",
"stature"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, biology) An organism that is lean in stature."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "lēn"
},
{
"ipa": "/liːn/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-lean.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg/En-us-lean.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "lien"
}
],
"word": "lean"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lene",
"4": "",
"5": "lean"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lene (“lean”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hlǣne",
"4": "",
"5": "lean"
},
"expansion": "Old English hlǣne (“lean”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "leen"
},
"expansion": "Low German leen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hlainijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to cause to lean"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlainijaną (“to cause to lean”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hlinian"
},
"expansion": "Old English hlinian",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lene (“lean”), from Old English hlǣne (“lean”), (cognate with Low German leen), perhaps from hlǣnan (“to cause to lean (due to hunger or lack of food)”), from Proto-Germanic *hlainijaną (“to cause to lean”). If so, then related to Old English hlinian, hleonian (“to lean”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leans",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "leaning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "leaned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "leaned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lean (third-person singular simple present leans, present participle leaning, simple past and past participle leaned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "enrich"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 3 6 6 6 9 5 9 14 6 5 3 2 2 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 5 6 4 8 8 5 16 9 7 4 2 1 1 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 4 7 5 8 8 6 16 9 7 3 2 1 1 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 3 9 7 11 11 17 16 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 4 7 5 9 12 22 10 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1938 July, Harold Blaine Miller, Dupont Miller, “Weather Hop”, in Boys' Life, Boy Scouts of America, →ISSN, page 25:",
"text": "He leaned the mixture in an effort to cause a backfire through the carburetor, the generally accepted method of breaking the ice loose.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2002 July, Tom Benenson, “Can Your Engine Run Too Lean?”, in Flying, volume 129, number 7, →ISSN, page 73:",
"text": "Even the Pilot's Operating Handbooks (POH) for our training airplanes add to our paranoia with their insistence that we not lean the mixture until we're above 5000 feet density altitude.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To thin out (a fuel-air mixture): to reduce the fuel flow into the mixture so that there is more air or oxygen."
],
"id": "en-lean-en-verb-en:make_leaner",
"senseid": [
"en:make leaner"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "derich"
},
{
"word": "disenrich"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "lēn"
},
{
"ipa": "/liːn/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-lean.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg/En-us-lean.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "lien"
}
],
"word": "lean"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "is",
"3": "leyna"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic leyna",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "leugnen",
"3": "",
"4": "deny"
},
"expansion": "German leugnen (“deny”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Icelandic leyna? Akin to German leugnen (“deny”). Compare lie (“speak falsely”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leans",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "leaning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "leaned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "leaned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lean (third-person singular simple present leans, present participle leaning, simple past and past participle leaned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To conceal."
],
"id": "en-lean-en-verb-yaqHHRw5",
"links": [
[
"conceal",
"conceal"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "lēn"
},
{
"ipa": "/liːn/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-lean.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg/En-us-lean.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "lien"
}
],
"word": "lean"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_text": "Probably from the verb to lean (see etymology 1 above), supposedly because consumption of the intoxicating beverage causes one to \"lean\". Alternatively, possibly short for gasoline (“an alcoholic beverage made of vodka and energy drink”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "lean (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 4 2 6 7 6 14 7 30 7 3 0 0 1 11 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 6 2 4 5 7 7 12 32 6 5 1 0 1 7 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 1 1 2 2 1 5 2 13 2 1 1 0 1 4 0 10 1 7 1 1 1 1 10 4 1 10 1 1 10 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 1 0 2 2 1 6 2 12 2 0 0 0 0 4 0 12 1 7 0 1 1 0 12 5 1 12 0 1 12 1 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 0 2 1 2 3 2 4 3 18 3 2 0 0 0 3 0 9 2 6 0 1 0 0 9 3 0 9 0 1 9 2 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 6 8 6 6 5 5 2 9 15 5 5 4 2 4 8 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Automotive",
"orig": "en:Automotive",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 4 8 5 6 5 5 5 38 3 3 1 0 1 8 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Beverages",
"orig": "en:Beverages",
"parents": [
"Drinking",
"Food and drink",
"Liquids",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Matter",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 3 6 4 5 3 8 6 42 4 1 1 1 1 10 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Recreational drugs",
"orig": "en:Recreational drugs",
"parents": [
"Drugs",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Fundamental",
"Health",
"Body"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2005, “Stay Fly”, in Jordan Houston, Darnell Carlton, Paul Beauregard, Premro Smith, Marlon Goodwin, David Brown, Willie Hutchinson (lyrics), Most Known Unknown, performed by Three 6 Mafia (featuring Young Buck, 8 Ball, and MJG), Sony BMG:",
"text": "Eyes real tight 'cause I'm chokin' the creep; vision messed up 'cause I'm drinkin' the lean.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020, “Those Kinda Nights”, in Music to Be Murdered By, performed by Eminem ft. Ed Sheeran:",
"text": "\"What's in the cup, let me see that / Girl, where the rest of that promethazine at?\" / She said, \"Cool, gotta run out to my Cadillac though / And I'll be like Fat Joe, and bring the lean back\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A recreational drug based on codeine-laced promethazine cough syrup, especially popular in the hip hop community in the southeastern United States."
],
"id": "en-lean-en-noun-ROVfM5oQ",
"links": [
[
"recreational drug",
"recreational drug"
],
[
"codeine",
"codeine"
],
[
"promethazine",
"promethazine"
],
[
"cough syrup",
"cough syrup"
],
[
"hip hop",
"hip hop"
],
[
"United States",
"United States"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, US) A recreational drug based on codeine-laced promethazine cough syrup, especially popular in the hip hop community in the southeastern United States."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sizzurp"
},
{
"word": "syrup"
},
{
"word": "purple drank"
}
],
"tags": [
"US",
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "lēn"
},
{
"ipa": "/liːn/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-lean.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg/En-us-lean.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "lien"
}
],
"word": "lean"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek links with redundant wikilinks",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English ergative verbs",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱley- (incline)",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
"Rhymes:English/iːn",
"Rhymes:English/iːn/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Assamese translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Lushootseed translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Mansaka translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Maranao translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Zazaki translations",
"Terms with ǃXóõ translations",
"West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Frisian lemmas",
"West Frisian neuter nouns",
"West Frisian nouns",
"West Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian",
"West Frisian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"West Frisian terms inherited from Old Frisian",
"West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"en:Automotive",
"en:Beverages",
"en:Recreational drugs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "forward-leaning"
},
{
"word": "forward leaning"
},
{
"word": "lean back"
},
{
"word": "leaner"
},
{
"word": "lean in"
},
{
"word": "leaning"
},
{
"word": "leaning board"
},
{
"word": "leaning toothpick syndrome"
},
{
"word": "lean into"
},
{
"word": "lean on"
},
{
"word": "lean over backwards"
},
{
"word": "lean-to"
},
{
"word": "lean towards"
},
{
"word": "outlean"
},
{
"word": "overlean"
},
{
"word": "uplean"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱley-",
"id": "incline"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lenen",
"4": "",
"5": "to lean"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lenen (“to lean”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hleonian"
},
"expansion": "Old English hleonian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hlinēn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hlinēn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hlināną",
"4": "",
"5": "to lean, incline"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlināną (“to lean, incline”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱley-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱley-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "leunen",
"3": "",
"4": "to lean"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch leunen (“to lean”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lehnen",
"3": "",
"4": "to lean"
},
"expansion": "German lehnen (“to lean”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lenen (“to lean”), from Old English hleonian, hlinian (“to lean, recline, lie down, rest”), from Proto-West Germanic *hlinēn, from Proto-Germanic *hlināną (“to lean, incline”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱley-.\nCognate via Proto-Germanic with Middle Dutch leunen (“to lean”), German lehnen (“to lean”); via Proto-Indo-European with climate, cline.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leans",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "leaning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "leaned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "leaned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "leant",
"tags": [
"UK",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "leant",
"tags": [
"UK",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"past2": "leant",
"past2_qual": "UK"
},
"expansion": "lean (third-person singular simple present leans, present participle leaning, simple past and past participle leaned or (UK) leant)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "climate"
},
{
"word": "cline"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a leaning column",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "She leaned out of the window.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To incline, deviate, or bend, from a vertical position; to be in a position thus inclining or deviating."
],
"links": [
[
"incline",
"incline"
],
[
"deviate",
"deviate"
],
[
"bend",
"bend"
],
[
"vertical",
"vertical"
],
[
"position",
"position"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To incline, deviate, or bend, from a vertical position; to be in a position thus inclining or deviating."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English copulative verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I’m leaning towards voting Conservative in the next election.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The Hispanic vote leans Democratic.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1600, Edmund Spenser, “A View of the State of Ireland. […]”, in The Works of Mr. Edmund Spenser, volume VI, London: Jacob Tonson […], published 1715, →OCLC, page 1518:",
"text": "But you ſay they do not accept of them, but delight rather to lean to their old Cuſtoms and Brehon Laws, though they be more unjuſt and alſo more inconvenient for the common People, as by your late Relation of them I have gathered.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To incline in opinion or desire; to conform in conduct; often with to, toward, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"copulative",
"copular verb"
],
[
"opinion",
"opinion"
],
[
"desire",
"desire"
],
[
"conform",
"conform"
],
[
"conduct",
"conduct"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(copulative) To incline in opinion or desire; to conform in conduct; often with to, toward, etc."
],
"tags": [
"copulative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1864, Alfred Tennyson, “Aylmer’s Field”, in Enoch Arden, &c., London: Edward Moxon & Co., […], →OCLC, page 54:",
"text": "He lean'd not on his fathers but himself.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XLV, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC, pages 374–375:",
"text": "The slightest effort made the patient cough. He would stand leaning on a stick and holding a hand to his side, and when the paroxysm had passed it left him shaking.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rest or rely, for support, comfort, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
],
[
"on",
"on"
],
[
"upon",
"upon"
],
[
"rest",
"rest"
],
[
"rely",
"rely"
],
[
"support",
"support"
],
[
"comfort",
"comfort"
]
],
"qualifier": "Followed by against; on; or upon; Followed by against; on; or upon",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Followed by against, on, or upon) To rest or rely, for support, comfort, etc."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To hang outwards."
],
"links": [
[
"hang",
"hang#Verb"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1697, Virgil, “The Tenth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 533, lines 1187–1188:",
"text": "Oppreſs'd with Anguiſh, panting, and o'reſpent, / His fainting Limbs against an Oak he leant.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To press against."
],
"links": [
[
"press",
"press#Verb"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "lēn"
},
{
"ipa": "/liːn/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-lean.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg/En-us-lean.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "lien"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "māla",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "مَالَ"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "hola",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "হলা"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "ãuza",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "আঁউজা"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "kati hüa",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "কাতি হোৱা"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "dhola",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "ঢলা"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "naveždam",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "навеждам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "inclinar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "傾斜"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qīngxié, qǐngxié",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "倾斜"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "klini"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "alkliniĝi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "olla kallellaan"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "olla vinossa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "pencher"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "inclinar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "sich lehnen"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "klínomai",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "κλίνομαι"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "dől"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "pendere"
},
{
"alt": "かたむける",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "katamukeru",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "傾ける"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "giulda",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "기울다"
},
{
"code": "msk",
"lang": "Mansaka",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "sanday"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "wharara"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "taiuru"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "whirinaki"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "hirinaki"
},
{
"code": "mrw",
"lang": "Maranao",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "sanday"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to incline",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pochylać się"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to incline",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pochylić się"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to incline",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "nachylać się"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to incline",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "nachylić się"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to incline",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "skłaniać się"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to incline",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "skłonić się"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "inclinar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "înclina"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naklonjátʹsja",
"sense": "to incline",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "наклоня́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naklonítʹsja",
"sense": "to incline",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "наклони́ться"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "inclinar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to incline",
"word": "luta"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hakvel",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "հակվել"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "abocar"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "leunen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "kallistaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "kallistua"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "se pencher"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "lehnen"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "menyandarkan"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "sporgersi"
},
{
"alt": "かたむく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "katamuku",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "傾く"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "lene"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "lene"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "reclinar-se"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "inclina"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "rezema"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naklonjátʹsja",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "наклоня́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naklonítʹsja",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"perfective"
],
"word": "наклони́ться"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "viseti"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "declinarse"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "luta"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "luta sig"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "yaslanmak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "dayanmak"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "naxyljátysja",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "нахиля́тися"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sxyljátysja",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "схиля́тися"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "to hang outwards",
"word": "azıkyen"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "istanada",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "اِسْتَنَدَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ittakaʔa",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "اِتَّكَأَ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "henvel",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "հենվել"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"word": "söykənmək"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podpiram se",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "подпирам се"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "aai¹",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "挨"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yǐkào",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "倚靠"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "nojata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "s’appuyer"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "appoggiarsi"
},
{
"alt": "もたれる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "motareru",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "靠れる"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gidaeda",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "기대다"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "uijihada",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "의지하다"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "nītor"
},
{
"code": "lut",
"lang": "Lushootseed",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "ʔili"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "pahiwi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "whakahirihiri"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "whakawhirinaki"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "escorar-se"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "apoiar-se"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "opirátʹsja",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "опира́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "operétʹsja",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "опере́ться"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "śrayati",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "श्रयति"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "apoyarse"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "luta sig mot"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "to rest or rely upon for support",
"word": "azıkyayen"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "henvel",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "հենվել"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "söykənmək"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "opiram se",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "опирам се"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "repenjar-se"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "recolsar-se"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "arrambar-se"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yǐ",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "倚"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "倚著"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yǐ zhe",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "倚着"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "opřít"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "leunen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "aanleunen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "nojata"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "nojautua"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "se presser"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "lehnen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "anlehnen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "dől"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "támaszkodik"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "reclinare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "appoggiare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "adagiarsi"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "adagiare"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "motareru",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "もたれる"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "palldanewe",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "پاڵدانەوە"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "lene"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "bikke"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "lamidan",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "لمیدن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to press against",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "opierać się"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to press against",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oprzeć się"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "apoiar-se"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "ține"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "opirátʹsja",
"sense": "to press against",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "опира́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "опере́ться pf (operétʹsja) (на + accusative case)",
"sense": "to press against"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prislonjátʹsja",
"sense": "to press against",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "прислоня́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "прислони́ться pf (prislonítʹsja) (к + dative case)",
"sense": "to press against"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "nasloniti se"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "apoyarse"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "arrimar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "reclinar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "luta"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "spyrátysja",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "спира́тися"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "opyrátysja",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "опира́тися"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "prytuljátysja",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "притуля́тися"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "tulýtysja",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "тули́тися"
},
{
"code": "nmn",
"lang": "ǃXóõ",
"sense": "to press against",
"word": "ǃgàa"
}
],
"word": "lean"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek links with redundant wikilinks",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English ergative verbs",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱley- (incline)",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
"Rhymes:English/iːn",
"Rhymes:English/iːn/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Assamese translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Lushootseed translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Mansaka translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Maranao translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Zazaki translations",
"Terms with ǃXóõ translations",
"West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Frisian lemmas",
"West Frisian neuter nouns",
"West Frisian nouns",
"West Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian",
"West Frisian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"West Frisian terms inherited from Old Frisian",
"West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"en:Automotive",
"en:Beverages",
"en:Recreational drugs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "antigravity lean"
},
{
"word": "anti-gravity lean"
},
{
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "gangsta lean"
},
{
"word": "gangster lean"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱley-",
"id": "incline"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lenen",
"4": "",
"5": "to lean"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lenen (“to lean”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hleonian"
},
"expansion": "Old English hleonian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hlinēn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hlinēn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hlināną",
"4": "",
"5": "to lean, incline"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlināną (“to lean, incline”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱley-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱley-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "leunen",
"3": "",
"4": "to lean"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch leunen (“to lean”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lehnen",
"3": "",
"4": "to lean"
},
"expansion": "German lehnen (“to lean”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lenen (“to lean”), from Old English hleonian, hlinian (“to lean, recline, lie down, rest”), from Proto-West Germanic *hlinēn, from Proto-Germanic *hlināną (“to lean, incline”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱley-.\nCognate via Proto-Germanic with Middle Dutch leunen (“to lean”), German lehnen (“to lean”); via Proto-Indo-European with climate, cline.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leans",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lean (plural leans)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The trees had various leans toward gaps in the canopy.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An inclination away from the vertical."
],
"links": [
[
"inclination",
"inclination"
],
[
"vertical",
"vertical"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of an object taller than its width and depth) An inclination away from the vertical."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of an object taller than its width and depth"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "lēn"
},
{
"ipa": "/liːn/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-lean.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg/En-us-lean.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "lien"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "inclination away from vertical",
"word": "tilt"
}
],
"word": "lean"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English ergative verbs",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/iːn",
"Rhymes:English/iːn/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Bhojpuri translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cherokee translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Kabuverdianu translations",
"Terms with Latgalian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"Terms with Zazaki translations",
"West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Frisian lemmas",
"West Frisian neuter nouns",
"West Frisian nouns",
"West Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian",
"West Frisian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"West Frisian terms inherited from Old Frisian",
"West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"en:Automotive",
"en:Beverages",
"en:Recreational drugs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "boneless lean beef trimmings"
},
{
"word": "lean and mean"
},
{
"word": "lean-burn"
},
{
"word": "lean client"
},
{
"word": "lean finely textured beef"
},
{
"word": "leanness"
},
{
"word": "lean nitrogen oxide trap"
},
{
"word": "leansome"
},
{
"word": "lean thinking"
},
{
"word": "lean-witted"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lene",
"4": "",
"5": "lean"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lene (“lean”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hlǣne",
"4": "",
"5": "lean"
},
"expansion": "Old English hlǣne (“lean”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "leen"
},
"expansion": "Low German leen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hlainijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to cause to lean"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlainijaną (“to cause to lean”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hlinian"
},
"expansion": "Old English hlinian",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lene (“lean”), from Old English hlǣne (“lean”), (cognate with Low German leen), perhaps from hlǣnan (“to cause to lean (due to hunger or lack of food)”), from Proto-Germanic *hlainijaną (“to cause to lean”). If so, then related to Old English hlinian, hleonian (“to lean”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leaner",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "leanest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "lean (comparative leaner, superlative leanest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2024 May 1, ZacharyFurr, “Gym types”, in The In Constant Chronicles:",
"text": "They will now dedicate several hours at the gym every day to be leaner and stronger.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Slim; not fleshy."
],
"links": [
[
"Slim",
"slim"
],
[
"fleshy",
"fleshy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a person or animal) Slim; not fleshy."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a person or animal"
],
"senseid": [
"en:slim"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lithe"
},
{
"word": "svelte"
},
{
"word": "willowy"
},
{
"word": "slender"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "lean steak cuts",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Penguin, →ISBN, page 34:",
"text": "The butcher and the porkman painted up only the leanest scrags of meat; the baker, the coarsest of meagre loaves.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having little fat."
],
"links": [
[
"fat",
"fat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of meat) Having little fat."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of meat"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a lean budget",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "a lean harvest",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having little extra or little to spare; scanty; meagre."
],
"links": [
[
"extra",
"extra"
],
[
"spare",
"spare"
],
[
"scanty",
"scanty"
],
[
"meagre",
"meagre"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "insufficient"
},
{
"word": "scarce"
},
{
"word": "sparse"
},
{
"word": "inadequate"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "rich"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "A lean ore hardly worth mining.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Running on too lean a fuel-air mixture will cause, among other problems, your internal combustion engine to heat up too much.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having a low proportion or concentration of a desired substance or ingredient."
],
"links": [
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"proportion",
"proportion"
],
[
"concentration",
"concentration"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
],
[
"ingredient",
"ingredient"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "deficient"
},
{
"word": "dilute"
},
{
"word": "poor"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Printing"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "lean copy, matter, or type",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a character which prevents the compositor from earning the usual wages; opposed to fat."
],
"links": [
[
"printing",
"printing#Noun"
],
[
"compositor",
"compositor"
],
[
"fat",
"fat#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(printing, archaic) Of a character which prevents the compositor from earning the usual wages; opposed to fat."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"topics": [
"media",
"printing",
"publishing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Business"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "lean management",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "lean manufacturing",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Alcoa is now a lean and agile enterprise, after having split last year into two entities.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Richard J. Schonberger, Best Practices in Lean Six Sigma Process Improvement, page 204:",
"text": "Kitting for in-plant handling is unlean. Kitting for transport, on the other hand, is lean; for example, shipping complete sets of parts to make a TV or motorcycle or motor home is lean.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Efficient, economic, frugal, agile, slimmed-down; pertaining to the modern industrial principles of \"lean manufacturing\"."
],
"links": [
[
"business",
"business"
],
[
"Efficient",
"efficient"
],
[
"economic",
"economic"
],
[
"frugal",
"frugal"
],
[
"agile",
"agile"
],
[
"lean manufacturing",
"lean manufacturing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(business) Efficient, economic, frugal, agile, slimmed-down; pertaining to the modern industrial principles of \"lean manufacturing\"."
],
"topics": [
"business"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "lēn"
},
{
"ipa": "/liːn/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-lean.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg/En-us-lean.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "lien"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "naḥīf",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "نحيف"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "yabıq",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "ябыҡ"
},
{
"code": "bho",
"lang": "Bhojpuri",
"roman": "charahᵊrā",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "छरहरा"
},
{
"code": "bho",
"lang": "Bhojpuri",
"roman": "ḍhubᵊlā",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "ढुबला"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "slab",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "слаб"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mǎršav",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "мършав"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "magre"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "ulesoda",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "ᎤᎴᏐᏓ"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shòu",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "瘦"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "mager"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "slank"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "tenger"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "laiha"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "hoikka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "mince"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "delgado"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "delgada"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "magro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "magra"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "mager"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "dürr"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "schlank"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "iskhnós",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "ἰσχνός"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "charahrā",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "छरहरा"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ḍhublā",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "ढुबला"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "magro"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "asciutto"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "slanciato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sodo"
},
{
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "magru"
},
{
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "mógre"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "koldons"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "kūds"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "macer"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "kalsns"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "kōhoi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "hīroki"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "whīroki"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "hīoi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "hōkaka"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "pākokekoke"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "slank"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "linge"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "prim"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "denn"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "esbelto"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "subțire"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "slab"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xudój",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "худо́й"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "skinny",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tóščij",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "то́щий"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "wiry",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podžáryj",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "поджа́рый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "suxoščávyj",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "сухоща́вый"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "delgado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "esbelto"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "mager"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "smal"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "ince"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "zayıf"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "xudýj",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "худи́й"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"word": "ozg'in"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "maigue"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barı (diq)"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bari (diq)"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "being slim, not fleshy",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "qor sg or"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "hum",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "һум"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "yabıq",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "ябыҡ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krehǎk",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "крехък"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "magre"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "kogh"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "mager"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "vähärasvainen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "maigre"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "magro"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "mager"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "magro"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "poss"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "macer"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "liess"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "Referring to fish",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "tipiwai"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "hinuiti"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "tūpuhi"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "mager"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "magre"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "magro"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "slab macru"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "póstnyj",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "по́стный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "magro"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "mager"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "az yağlı"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "yağsız"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "maigue"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "of meat, having little fat",
"word": "bêruwen"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "magre"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "karig"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "niukka"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "vähäinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "serré"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "knapp"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "magro"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "scarso"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "magre"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "estrech"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bédnyj",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "бе́дный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skúdnyj",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "ску́дный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "modest, e.g. budget",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skrómnyj",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "скро́мный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "estrecho"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "ajustado"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "kıt"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"word": "kambag'al"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "having little extra or little to spare",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tayn"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "beden",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"word": "беден"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"word": "laiha"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"word": "laimea"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"word": "heikko"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"word": "pauvre"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"word": "mager"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "magra"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ricca"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"word": "mager"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obednjónnyj",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"word": "обеднённый"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"word": "delgado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having a low proportion of a desired substance",
"word": "sobreoxigenado"
}
],
"word": "lean"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English ergative verbs",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/iːn",
"Rhymes:English/iːn/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Bhojpuri translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cherokee translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Kabuverdianu translations",
"Terms with Latgalian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"Terms with Zazaki translations",
"West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Frisian lemmas",
"West Frisian neuter nouns",
"West Frisian nouns",
"West Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian",
"West Frisian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"West Frisian terms inherited from Old Frisian",
"West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"en:Automotive",
"en:Beverages",
"en:Recreational drugs"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lene",
"4": "",
"5": "lean"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lene (“lean”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hlǣne",
"4": "",
"5": "lean"
},
"expansion": "Old English hlǣne (“lean”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "leen"
},
"expansion": "Low German leen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hlainijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to cause to lean"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlainijaną (“to cause to lean”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hlinian"
},
"expansion": "Old English hlinian",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lene (“lean”), from Old English hlǣne (“lean”), (cognate with Low German leen), perhaps from hlǣnan (“to cause to lean (due to hunger or lack of food)”), from Proto-Germanic *hlainijaną (“to cause to lean”). If so, then related to Old English hlinian, hleonian (“to lean”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leans",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "lean (countable and uncountable, plural leans)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1639, or earlier, Anon: Jack Sprat:",
"text": "Jack Sprat would eat no fat, / His wife would eat no lean.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Meat with no fat on it."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Meat with no fat on it."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Biology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1986, Southwest Fisheries Center (U.S.), Collected Reprints (issue 1)",
"text": "The intermediates and leans are the predominant morphotypes found at the SE-NHR seamounts […]"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Obesity: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional, page 56:",
"text": "Obese Zuckers, compared to leans, consumed more food under free-feeding conditions.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An organism that is lean in stature."
],
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"organism",
"organism"
],
[
"stature",
"stature"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, biology) An organism that is lean in stature."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "lēn"
},
{
"ipa": "/liːn/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-lean.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg/En-us-lean.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "lien"
}
],
"word": "lean"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English ergative verbs",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/iːn",
"Rhymes:English/iːn/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Bhojpuri translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cherokee translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Kabuverdianu translations",
"Terms with Latgalian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"Terms with Zazaki translations",
"West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Frisian lemmas",
"West Frisian neuter nouns",
"West Frisian nouns",
"West Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian",
"West Frisian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"West Frisian terms inherited from Old Frisian",
"West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"en:Automotive",
"en:Beverages",
"en:Recreational drugs"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lene",
"4": "",
"5": "lean"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lene (“lean”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hlǣne",
"4": "",
"5": "lean"
},
"expansion": "Old English hlǣne (“lean”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "leen"
},
"expansion": "Low German leen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hlainijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to cause to lean"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlainijaną (“to cause to lean”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hlinian"
},
"expansion": "Old English hlinian",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lene (“lean”), from Old English hlǣne (“lean”), (cognate with Low German leen), perhaps from hlǣnan (“to cause to lean (due to hunger or lack of food)”), from Proto-Germanic *hlainijaną (“to cause to lean”). If so, then related to Old English hlinian, hleonian (“to lean”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leans",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "leaning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "leaned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "leaned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lean (third-person singular simple present leans, present participle leaning, simple past and past participle leaned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "enrich"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1938 July, Harold Blaine Miller, Dupont Miller, “Weather Hop”, in Boys' Life, Boy Scouts of America, →ISSN, page 25:",
"text": "He leaned the mixture in an effort to cause a backfire through the carburetor, the generally accepted method of breaking the ice loose.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2002 July, Tom Benenson, “Can Your Engine Run Too Lean?”, in Flying, volume 129, number 7, →ISSN, page 73:",
"text": "Even the Pilot's Operating Handbooks (POH) for our training airplanes add to our paranoia with their insistence that we not lean the mixture until we're above 5000 feet density altitude.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To thin out (a fuel-air mixture): to reduce the fuel flow into the mixture so that there is more air or oxygen."
],
"senseid": [
"en:make leaner"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "derich"
},
{
"word": "disenrich"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "lēn"
},
{
"ipa": "/liːn/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-lean.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg/En-us-lean.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "lien"
}
],
"word": "lean"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English ergative verbs",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Icelandic",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/iːn",
"Rhymes:English/iːn/1 syllable",
"West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Frisian lemmas",
"West Frisian neuter nouns",
"West Frisian nouns",
"West Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian",
"West Frisian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"West Frisian terms inherited from Old Frisian",
"West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"en:Automotive",
"en:Beverages",
"en:Recreational drugs"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "is",
"3": "leyna"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic leyna",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "leugnen",
"3": "",
"4": "deny"
},
"expansion": "German leugnen (“deny”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Icelandic leyna? Akin to German leugnen (“deny”). Compare lie (“speak falsely”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leans",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "leaning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "leaned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "leaned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
"expansion": "lean (third-person singular simple present leans, present participle leaning, simple past and past participle leaned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To conceal."
],
"links": [
[
"conceal",
"conceal"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "lēn"
},
{
"ipa": "/liːn/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-lean.ogg",
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{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "lien"
}
],
"word": "lean"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English ergative verbs",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
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"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 8 entries",
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"Rhymes:English/iːn",
"Rhymes:English/iːn/1 syllable",
"West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Frisian lemmas",
"West Frisian neuter nouns",
"West Frisian nouns",
"West Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian",
"West Frisian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"West Frisian terms inherited from Old Frisian",
"West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"en:Automotive",
"en:Beverages",
"en:Recreational drugs"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_text": "Probably from the verb to lean (see etymology 1 above), supposedly because consumption of the intoxicating beverage causes one to \"lean\". Alternatively, possibly short for gasoline (“an alcoholic beverage made of vodka and energy drink”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "lean (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2005, “Stay Fly”, in Jordan Houston, Darnell Carlton, Paul Beauregard, Premro Smith, Marlon Goodwin, David Brown, Willie Hutchinson (lyrics), Most Known Unknown, performed by Three 6 Mafia (featuring Young Buck, 8 Ball, and MJG), Sony BMG:",
"text": "Eyes real tight 'cause I'm chokin' the creep; vision messed up 'cause I'm drinkin' the lean.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020, “Those Kinda Nights”, in Music to Be Murdered By, performed by Eminem ft. Ed Sheeran:",
"text": "\"What's in the cup, let me see that / Girl, where the rest of that promethazine at?\" / She said, \"Cool, gotta run out to my Cadillac though / And I'll be like Fat Joe, and bring the lean back\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A recreational drug based on codeine-laced promethazine cough syrup, especially popular in the hip hop community in the southeastern United States."
],
"links": [
[
"recreational drug",
"recreational drug"
],
[
"codeine",
"codeine"
],
[
"promethazine",
"promethazine"
],
[
"cough syrup",
"cough syrup"
],
[
"hip hop",
"hip hop"
],
[
"United States",
"United States"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, US) A recreational drug based on codeine-laced promethazine cough syrup, especially popular in the hip hop community in the southeastern United States."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sizzurp"
},
{
"word": "syrup"
},
{
"word": "purple drank"
}
],
"tags": [
"US",
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "lēn"
},
{
"ipa": "/liːn/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-lean.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg/En-us-lean.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "lien"
}
],
"word": "lean"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lean meaning in English (63.2kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1077",
"msg": "suspicious suffix 'c or impf' in language Zazaki: qor sg or c or impf",
"path": [
"lean"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "lean",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Zazaki: 'qor sg or', originally 'qor sg or c or impf'",
"path": [
"lean"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "lean",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "lean/English/verb: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"note\": \"\\u043e\\u043f\\u0435\\u0440\\u0435\\u0301\\u0442\\u044c\\u0441\\u044f pf (oper\\u00e9t\\u02b9sja) (\\u043d\\u0430 + accusative case)\", \"sense\": \"to press against\"}: {\"categories\": [\"Ancient Greek links with redundant wikilinks\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English ergative verbs\", \"English irregular verbs\", \"English lemmas\", \"English links with manual fragments\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱley- (incline)\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 8 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/iːn\", \"Rhymes:English/iːn/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Assamese translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Central Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Lushootseed translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Mansaka translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Maranao translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Zazaki translations\", \"Terms with ǃXóõ translations\", \"West Frisian entries with incorrect language header\", \"West Frisian lemmas\", \"West Frisian neuter nouns\", \"West Frisian nouns\", \"West Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian\", \"West Frisian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic\", \"West Frisian terms inherited from Old Frisian\", \"West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic\", \"en:Automotive\", \"en:Beverages\", \"en:Recreational drugs\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"forward-leaning\"}, {\"word\": \"forward leaning\"}, {\"word\": \"lean back\"}, {\"word\": \"leaner\"}, {\"word\": \"lean in\"}, {\"word\": \"leaning\"}, {\"word\": \"leaning board\"}, {\"word\": \"leaning toothpick syndrome\"}, {\"word\": \"lean into\"}, {\"word\": \"lean on\"}, {\"word\": \"lean over backwards\"}, {\"word\": \"lean-to\"}, {\"word\": \"lean towards\"}, {\"word\": \"outlean\"}, {\"word\": \"overlean\"}, {\"word\": \"uplean\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*ḱley-\", \"id\": \"incline\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"lenen\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to lean\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English lenen (“to lean”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"hleonian\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English hleonian\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gmw-pro\", \"3\": \"*hlinēn\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-West Germanic *hlinēn\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*hlināną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to lean, incline\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *hlināną (“to lean, incline”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*ḱley-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *ḱley-\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"leunen\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to lean\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch leunen (“to lean”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"lehnen\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to lean\"}, \"expansion\": \"German lehnen (“to lean”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English lenen (“to lean”), from Old English hleonian, hlinian (“to lean, recline, lie down, rest”), from Proto-West Germanic *hlinēn, from Proto-Germanic *hlināną (“to lean, incline”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱley-.\\nCognate via Proto-Germanic with Middle Dutch leunen (“to lean”), German lehnen (“to lean”); via Proto-Indo-European with climate, cline.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"leans\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"leaning\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"leaned\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"leaned\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"leant\", \"tags\": [\"UK\", \"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"leant\", \"tags\": [\"UK\", \"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"past2\": \"leant\", \"past2_qual\": \"UK\"}, \"expansion\": \"lean (third-person singular simple present leans, present participle leaning, simple past and past participle leaned or (UK) leant)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"climate\"}, {\"word\": \"cline\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"a leaning column\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"She leaned out of the window.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To incline, deviate, or bend, from a vertical position; to be in a position thus inclining or deviating.\"], \"links\": [[\"incline\", \"incline\"], [\"deviate\", \"deviate\"], [\"bend\", \"bend\"], [\"vertical\", \"vertical\"], [\"position\", \"position\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive) To incline, deviate, or bend, from a vertical position; to be in a position thus inclining or deviating.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English copulative verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"I’m leaning towards voting Conservative in the next election.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"The Hispanic vote leans Democratic.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1600, Edmund Spenser, “A View of the State of Ireland. […]”, in The Works of Mr. Edmund Spenser, volume VI, London: Jacob Tonson […], published 1715, →OCLC, page 1518:\", \"text\": \"But you ſay they do not accept of them, but delight rather to lean to their old Cuſtoms and Brehon Laws, though they be more unjuſt and alſo more inconvenient for the common People, as by your late Relation of them I have gathered.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To incline in opinion or desire; to conform in conduct; often with to, toward, etc.\"], \"links\": [[\"copulative\", \"copular verb\"], [\"opinion\", \"opinion\"], [\"desire\", \"desire\"], [\"conform\", \"conform\"], [\"conduct\", \"conduct\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(copulative) To incline in opinion or desire; to conform in conduct; often with to, toward, etc.\"], \"tags\": [\"copulative\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1864, Alfred Tennyson, “Aylmer’s Field”, in Enoch Arden, &c., London: Edward Moxon & Co., […], →OCLC, page 54:\", \"text\": \"He lean'd not on his fathers but himself.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XLV, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC, pages 374–375:\", \"text\": \"The slightest effort made the patient cough. He would stand leaning on a stick and holding a hand to his side, and when the paroxysm had passed it left him shaking.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To rest or rely, for support, comfort, etc.\"], \"links\": [[\"against\", \"against\"], [\"on\", \"on\"], [\"upon\", \"upon\"], [\"rest\", \"rest\"], [\"rely\", \"rely\"], [\"support\", \"support\"], [\"comfort\", \"comfort\"]], \"qualifier\": \"Followed by against; on; or upon; Followed by against; on; or upon\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"(Followed by against, on, or upon) To rest or rely, for support, comfort, etc.\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"To hang outwards.\"], \"links\": [[\"hang\", \"hang#Verb\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1697, Virgil, “The Tenth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 533, lines 1187–1188:\", \"text\": \"Oppreſs'd with Anguiſh, panting, and o'reſpent, / His fainting Limbs against an Oak he leant.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To press against.\"], \"links\": [[\"press\", \"press#Verb\"]]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"lēn\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/liːn/\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-lean.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg/En-us-lean.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-iːn\"}, {\"homophone\": \"lien\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"māla\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"مَالَ\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"hola\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"হলা\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"ãuza\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"আঁউজা\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"kati hüa\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"কাতি হোৱা\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"dhola\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"ঢলা\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"naveždam\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"навеждам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"inclinar\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"傾斜\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"qīngxié, qǐngxié\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"倾斜\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"klini\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"alkliniĝi\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"olla kallellaan\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"olla vinossa\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"pencher\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"inclinar\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"sich lehnen\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"klínomai\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"κλίνομαι\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"dől\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"pendere\"}, {\"alt\": \"かたむける\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"katamukeru\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"傾ける\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"giulda\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"기울다\"}, {\"code\": \"msk\", \"lang\": \"Mansaka\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"sanday\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"wharara\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"taiuru\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"whirinaki\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"hirinaki\"}, {\"code\": \"mrw\", \"lang\": \"Maranao\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"sanday\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"pochylać się\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"pochylić się\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"nachylać się\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"nachylić się\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"skłaniać się\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"skłonić się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"inclinar\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"înclina\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"naklonjátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"наклоня́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"naklonítʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"наклони́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"inclinar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"luta\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"hakvel\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"հակվել\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"abocar\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"leunen\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"kallistaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"kallistua\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"se pencher\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"lehnen\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"menyandarkan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"sporgersi\"}, {\"alt\": \"かたむく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"katamuku\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"傾く\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"lene\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"lene\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"reclinar-se\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"inclina\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"rezema\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"naklonjátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"наклоня́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"naklonítʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"perfective\"], \"word\": \"наклони́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"viseti\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"declinarse\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"luta\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"luta sig\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"yaslanmak\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"dayanmak\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"naxyljátysja\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"нахиля́тися\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"sxyljátysja\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"схиля́тися\"}, {\"code\": \"zza\", \"lang\": \"Zazaki\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"azıkyen\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"istanada\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"اِسْتَنَدَ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ittakaʔa\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"اِتَّكَأَ\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"henvel\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"հենվել\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"], \"word\": \"söykənmək\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"podpiram se\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"подпирам се\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"aai¹\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"挨\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"yǐkào\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"倚靠\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"nojata\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"s’appuyer\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"appoggiarsi\"}, {\"alt\": \"もたれる\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"motareru\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"靠れる\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"gidaeda\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"기대다\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"uijihada\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"의지하다\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"nītor\"}, {\"code\": \"lut\", \"lang\": \"Lushootseed\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"ʔili\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"pahiwi\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"whakahirihiri\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"whakawhirinaki\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"escorar-se\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"apoiar-se\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"opirátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"опира́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"operétʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"опере́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"śrayati\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"श्रयति\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"apoyarse\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"luta sig mot\"}, {\"code\": \"zza\", \"lang\": \"Zazaki\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"azıkyayen\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"henvel\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"հենվել\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"söykənmək\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"opiram se\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"опирам се\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"repenjar-se\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"recolsar-se\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"arrambar-se\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"yǐ\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"倚\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"倚著\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"yǐ zhe\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"倚着\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"opřít\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"leunen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"aanleunen\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"nojata\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"nojautua\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"se presser\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"lehnen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"anlehnen\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"dől\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"támaszkodik\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"reclinare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"appoggiare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"adagiarsi\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"adagiare\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"motareru\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"もたれる\"}, {\"code\": \"ckb\", \"lang\": \"Central Kurdish\", \"roman\": \"palldanewe\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"پاڵدانەوە\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"lene\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"bikke\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"lamidan\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"لمیدن\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"opierać się\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"oprzeć się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"apoiar-se\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"ține\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"opirátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"опира́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"note\": \"опере́ться pf (operétʹsja) (на + accusative case)\", \"sense\": \"to press against\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"prislonjátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"прислоня́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"note\": \"прислони́ться pf (prislonítʹsja) (к + dative case)\", \"sense\": \"to press against\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"nasloniti se\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"apoyarse\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"arrimar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"reclinar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"luta\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"spyrátysja\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"спира́тися\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"opyrátysja\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"опира́тися\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"prytuljátysja\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"притуля́тися\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"tulýtysja\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"тули́тися\"}, {\"code\": \"nmn\", \"lang\": \"ǃXóõ\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"ǃgàa\"}], \"word\": \"lean\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "lean",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "lean/English/verb: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"note\": \"\\u043f\\u0440\\u0438\\u0441\\u043b\\u043e\\u043d\\u0438\\u0301\\u0442\\u044c\\u0441\\u044f pf (prislon\\u00edt\\u02b9sja) (\\u043a + dative case)\", \"sense\": \"to press against\"}: {\"categories\": [\"Ancient Greek links with redundant wikilinks\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English ergative verbs\", \"English irregular verbs\", \"English lemmas\", \"English links with manual fragments\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱley- (incline)\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 8 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/iːn\", \"Rhymes:English/iːn/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Assamese translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Central Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Lushootseed translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Mansaka translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Maranao translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Zazaki translations\", \"Terms with ǃXóõ translations\", \"West Frisian entries with incorrect language header\", \"West Frisian lemmas\", \"West Frisian neuter nouns\", \"West Frisian nouns\", \"West Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian\", \"West Frisian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic\", \"West Frisian terms inherited from Old Frisian\", \"West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic\", \"en:Automotive\", \"en:Beverages\", \"en:Recreational drugs\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"forward-leaning\"}, {\"word\": \"forward leaning\"}, {\"word\": \"lean back\"}, {\"word\": \"leaner\"}, {\"word\": \"lean in\"}, {\"word\": \"leaning\"}, {\"word\": \"leaning board\"}, {\"word\": \"leaning toothpick syndrome\"}, {\"word\": \"lean into\"}, {\"word\": \"lean on\"}, {\"word\": \"lean over backwards\"}, {\"word\": \"lean-to\"}, {\"word\": \"lean towards\"}, {\"word\": \"outlean\"}, {\"word\": \"overlean\"}, {\"word\": \"uplean\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*ḱley-\", \"id\": \"incline\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"lenen\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to lean\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English lenen (“to lean”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"hleonian\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English hleonian\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gmw-pro\", \"3\": \"*hlinēn\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-West Germanic *hlinēn\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*hlināną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to lean, incline\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *hlināną (“to lean, incline”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*ḱley-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *ḱley-\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"leunen\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to lean\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch leunen (“to lean”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"lehnen\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to lean\"}, \"expansion\": \"German lehnen (“to lean”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English lenen (“to lean”), from Old English hleonian, hlinian (“to lean, recline, lie down, rest”), from Proto-West Germanic *hlinēn, from Proto-Germanic *hlināną (“to lean, incline”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱley-.\\nCognate via Proto-Germanic with Middle Dutch leunen (“to lean”), German lehnen (“to lean”); via Proto-Indo-European with climate, cline.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"leans\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"leaning\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"leaned\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"leaned\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"leant\", \"tags\": [\"UK\", \"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"leant\", \"tags\": [\"UK\", \"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"past2\": \"leant\", \"past2_qual\": \"UK\"}, \"expansion\": \"lean (third-person singular simple present leans, present participle leaning, simple past and past participle leaned or (UK) leant)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"climate\"}, {\"word\": \"cline\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"a leaning column\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"She leaned out of the window.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To incline, deviate, or bend, from a vertical position; to be in a position thus inclining or deviating.\"], \"links\": [[\"incline\", \"incline\"], [\"deviate\", \"deviate\"], [\"bend\", \"bend\"], [\"vertical\", \"vertical\"], [\"position\", \"position\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive) To incline, deviate, or bend, from a vertical position; to be in a position thus inclining or deviating.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English copulative verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"I’m leaning towards voting Conservative in the next election.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"The Hispanic vote leans Democratic.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1600, Edmund Spenser, “A View of the State of Ireland. […]”, in The Works of Mr. Edmund Spenser, volume VI, London: Jacob Tonson […], published 1715, →OCLC, page 1518:\", \"text\": \"But you ſay they do not accept of them, but delight rather to lean to their old Cuſtoms and Brehon Laws, though they be more unjuſt and alſo more inconvenient for the common People, as by your late Relation of them I have gathered.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To incline in opinion or desire; to conform in conduct; often with to, toward, etc.\"], \"links\": [[\"copulative\", \"copular verb\"], [\"opinion\", \"opinion\"], [\"desire\", \"desire\"], [\"conform\", \"conform\"], [\"conduct\", \"conduct\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(copulative) To incline in opinion or desire; to conform in conduct; often with to, toward, etc.\"], \"tags\": [\"copulative\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1864, Alfred Tennyson, “Aylmer’s Field”, in Enoch Arden, &c., London: Edward Moxon & Co., […], →OCLC, page 54:\", \"text\": \"He lean'd not on his fathers but himself.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XLV, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC, pages 374–375:\", \"text\": \"The slightest effort made the patient cough. He would stand leaning on a stick and holding a hand to his side, and when the paroxysm had passed it left him shaking.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To rest or rely, for support, comfort, etc.\"], \"links\": [[\"against\", \"against\"], [\"on\", \"on\"], [\"upon\", \"upon\"], [\"rest\", \"rest\"], [\"rely\", \"rely\"], [\"support\", \"support\"], [\"comfort\", \"comfort\"]], \"qualifier\": \"Followed by against; on; or upon; Followed by against; on; or upon\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"(Followed by against, on, or upon) To rest or rely, for support, comfort, etc.\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"To hang outwards.\"], \"links\": [[\"hang\", \"hang#Verb\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1697, Virgil, “The Tenth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 533, lines 1187–1188:\", \"text\": \"Oppreſs'd with Anguiſh, panting, and o'reſpent, / His fainting Limbs against an Oak he leant.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To press against.\"], \"links\": [[\"press\", \"press#Verb\"]]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"lēn\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/liːn/\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-lean.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg/En-us-lean.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-iːn\"}, {\"homophone\": \"lien\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"māla\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"مَالَ\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"hola\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"হলা\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"ãuza\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"আঁউজা\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"kati hüa\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"কাতি হোৱা\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"dhola\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"ঢলা\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"naveždam\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"навеждам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"inclinar\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"傾斜\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"qīngxié, qǐngxié\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"倾斜\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"klini\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"alkliniĝi\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"olla kallellaan\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"olla vinossa\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"pencher\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"inclinar\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"sich lehnen\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"klínomai\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"κλίνομαι\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"dől\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"pendere\"}, {\"alt\": \"かたむける\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"katamukeru\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"傾ける\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"giulda\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"기울다\"}, {\"code\": \"msk\", \"lang\": \"Mansaka\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"sanday\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"wharara\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"taiuru\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"whirinaki\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"hirinaki\"}, {\"code\": \"mrw\", \"lang\": \"Maranao\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"sanday\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"pochylać się\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"pochylić się\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"nachylać się\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"nachylić się\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"skłaniać się\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"skłonić się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"inclinar\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"înclina\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"naklonjátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"наклоня́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"naklonítʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"наклони́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"inclinar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to incline\", \"word\": \"luta\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"hakvel\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"հակվել\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"abocar\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"leunen\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"kallistaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"kallistua\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"se pencher\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"lehnen\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"menyandarkan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"sporgersi\"}, {\"alt\": \"かたむく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"katamuku\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"傾く\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"lene\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"lene\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"reclinar-se\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"inclina\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"rezema\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"naklonjátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"наклоня́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"naklonítʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"perfective\"], \"word\": \"наклони́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"viseti\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"declinarse\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"luta\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"luta sig\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"yaslanmak\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"dayanmak\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"naxyljátysja\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"нахиля́тися\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"sxyljátysja\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"схиля́тися\"}, {\"code\": \"zza\", \"lang\": \"Zazaki\", \"sense\": \"to hang outwards\", \"word\": \"azıkyen\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"istanada\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"اِسْتَنَدَ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ittakaʔa\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"اِتَّكَأَ\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"henvel\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"հենվել\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"], \"word\": \"söykənmək\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"podpiram se\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"подпирам се\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"aai¹\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"挨\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"yǐkào\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"倚靠\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"nojata\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"s’appuyer\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"appoggiarsi\"}, {\"alt\": \"もたれる\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"motareru\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"靠れる\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"gidaeda\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"기대다\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"uijihada\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"의지하다\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"nītor\"}, {\"code\": \"lut\", \"lang\": \"Lushootseed\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"ʔili\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"pahiwi\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"whakahirihiri\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"whakawhirinaki\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"escorar-se\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"apoiar-se\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"opirátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"опира́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"operétʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"опере́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"śrayati\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"श्रयति\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"apoyarse\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"luta sig mot\"}, {\"code\": \"zza\", \"lang\": \"Zazaki\", \"sense\": \"to rest or rely upon for support\", \"word\": \"azıkyayen\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"henvel\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"հենվել\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"söykənmək\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"opiram se\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"опирам се\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"repenjar-se\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"recolsar-se\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"arrambar-se\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"yǐ\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"倚\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"倚著\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"yǐ zhe\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"倚着\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"opřít\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"leunen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"aanleunen\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"nojata\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"nojautua\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"se presser\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"lehnen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"anlehnen\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"dől\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"támaszkodik\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"reclinare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"appoggiare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"adagiarsi\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"adagiare\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"motareru\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"もたれる\"}, {\"code\": \"ckb\", \"lang\": \"Central Kurdish\", \"roman\": \"palldanewe\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"پاڵدانەوە\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"lene\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"bikke\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"lamidan\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"لمیدن\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"opierać się\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"oprzeć się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"apoiar-se\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"ține\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"opirátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"опира́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"note\": \"опере́ться pf (operétʹsja) (на + accusative case)\", \"sense\": \"to press against\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"prislonjátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"прислоня́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"note\": \"прислони́ться pf (prislonítʹsja) (к + dative case)\", \"sense\": \"to press against\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"nasloniti se\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"apoyarse\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"arrimar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"reclinar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"luta\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"spyrátysja\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"спира́тися\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"opyrátysja\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"опира́тися\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"prytuljátysja\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"притуля́тися\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"tulýtysja\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"тули́тися\"}, {\"code\": \"nmn\", \"lang\": \"ǃXóõ\", \"sense\": \"to press against\", \"word\": \"ǃgàa\"}], \"word\": \"lean\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "lean",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "lean/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag Egyptian-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English ergative verbs\", \"English irregular verbs\", \"English lemmas\", \"English links with manual fragments\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 8 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/iːn\", \"Rhymes:English/iːn/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Bashkir translations\", \"Terms with Bhojpuri translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cherokee translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Kabuverdianu translations\", \"Terms with Latgalian translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Plautdietsch translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Uzbek translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Zazaki translations\", \"West Frisian entries with incorrect language header\", \"West Frisian lemmas\", \"West Frisian neuter nouns\", \"West Frisian nouns\", \"West Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian\", \"West Frisian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic\", \"West Frisian terms inherited from Old Frisian\", \"West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic\", \"en:Automotive\", \"en:Beverages\", \"en:Recreational drugs\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"boneless lean beef trimmings\"}, {\"word\": \"lean and mean\"}, {\"word\": \"lean-burn\"}, {\"word\": \"lean client\"}, {\"word\": \"lean finely textured beef\"}, {\"word\": \"leanness\"}, {\"word\": \"lean nitrogen oxide trap\"}, {\"word\": \"leansome\"}, {\"word\": \"lean thinking\"}, {\"word\": \"lean-witted\"}], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"lene\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"lean\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English lene (“lean”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"hlǣne\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"lean\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English hlǣne (“lean”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nds\", \"2\": \"leen\"}, \"expansion\": \"Low German leen\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*hlainijaną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to cause to lean\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *hlainijaną (“to cause to lean”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"hlinian\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English hlinian\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English lene (“lean”), from Old English hlǣne (“lean”), (cognate with Low German leen), perhaps from hlǣnan (“to cause to lean (due to hunger or lack of food)”), from Proto-Germanic *hlainijaną (“to cause to lean”). If so, then related to Old English hlinian, hleonian (“to lean”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"leaner\", \"tags\": [\"comparative\"]}, {\"form\": \"leanest\", \"tags\": [\"superlative\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"er\"}, \"expansion\": \"lean (comparative leaner, superlative leanest)\", \"name\": \"en-adj\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adj\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2024 May 1, ZacharyFurr, “Gym types”, in The In Constant Chronicles:\", \"text\": \"They will now dedicate several hours at the gym every day to be leaner and stronger.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Slim; not fleshy.\"], \"links\": [[\"Slim\", \"slim\"], [\"fleshy\", \"fleshy\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(of a person or animal) Slim; not fleshy.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"of a person or animal\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:slim\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"lithe\"}, {\"word\": \"svelte\"}, {\"word\": \"willowy\"}, {\"word\": \"slender\"}]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"lean steak cuts\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"2007, Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Penguin, →ISBN, page 34:\", \"text\": \"The butcher and the porkman painted up only the leanest scrags of meat; the baker, the coarsest of meagre loaves.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Having little fat.\"], \"links\": [[\"fat\", \"fat\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(of meat) Having little fat.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"of meat\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"a lean budget\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"a lean harvest\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Having little extra or little to spare; scanty; meagre.\"], \"links\": [[\"extra\", \"extra\"], [\"spare\", \"spare\"], [\"scanty\", \"scanty\"], [\"meagre\", \"meagre\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"insufficient\"}, {\"word\": \"scarce\"}, {\"word\": \"sparse\"}, {\"word\": \"inadequate\"}]}, {\"antonyms\": [{\"word\": \"rich\"}], \"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"A lean ore hardly worth mining.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"Running on too lean a fuel-air mixture will cause, among other problems, your internal combustion engine to heat up too much.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Having a low proportion or concentration of a desired substance or ingredient.\"], \"links\": [[\"low\", \"low\"], [\"proportion\", \"proportion\"], [\"concentration\", \"concentration\"], [\"substance\", \"substance\"], [\"ingredient\", \"ingredient\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"deficient\"}, {\"word\": \"dilute\"}, {\"word\": \"poor\"}]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"en:Printing\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"lean copy, matter, or type\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Of a character which prevents the compositor from earning the usual wages; opposed to fat.\"], \"links\": [[\"printing\", \"printing#Noun\"], [\"compositor\", \"compositor\"], [\"fat\", \"fat#English\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(printing, archaic) Of a character which prevents the compositor from earning the usual wages; opposed to fat.\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"topics\": [\"media\", \"printing\", \"publishing\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\", \"en:Business\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"lean management\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"lean manufacturing\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"Alcoa is now a lean and agile enterprise, after having split last year into two entities.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"2007, Richard J. Schonberger, Best Practices in Lean Six Sigma Process Improvement, page 204:\", \"text\": \"Kitting for in-plant handling is unlean. Kitting for transport, on the other hand, is lean; for example, shipping complete sets of parts to make a TV or motorcycle or motor home is lean.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Efficient, economic, frugal, agile, slimmed-down; pertaining to the modern industrial principles of \\\"lean manufacturing\\\".\"], \"links\": [[\"business\", \"business\"], [\"Efficient\", \"efficient\"], [\"economic\", \"economic\"], [\"frugal\", \"frugal\"], [\"agile\", \"agile\"], [\"lean manufacturing\", \"lean manufacturing\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(business) Efficient, economic, frugal, agile, slimmed-down; pertaining to the modern industrial principles of \\\"lean manufacturing\\\".\"], \"topics\": [\"business\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"lēn\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/liːn/\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-lean.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg/En-us-lean.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/En-us-lean.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-iːn\"}, {\"homophone\": \"lien\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"naḥīf\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"نحيف\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"yabıq\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"ябыҡ\"}, {\"code\": \"bho\", \"lang\": \"Bhojpuri\", \"roman\": \"charahᵊrā\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"छरहरा\"}, {\"code\": \"bho\", \"lang\": \"Bhojpuri\", \"roman\": \"ḍhubᵊlā\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"ढुबला\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"slab\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"слаб\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"mǎršav\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"мършав\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"magre\"}, {\"code\": \"chr\", \"lang\": \"Cherokee\", \"roman\": \"ulesoda\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"ᎤᎴᏐᏓ\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"shòu\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"瘦\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"mager\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"slank\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"tenger\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"laiha\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"hoikka\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"mince\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"delgado\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"delgada\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"magro\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"magra\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"mager\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"dürr\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"schlank\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"iskhnós\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"ἰσχνός\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"charahrā\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"छरहरा\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"ḍhublā\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"ढुबला\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"magro\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"asciutto\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"slanciato\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sodo\"}, {\"code\": \"kea\", \"lang\": \"Kabuverdianu\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"magru\"}, {\"code\": \"kea\", \"lang\": \"Kabuverdianu\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"mógre\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"koldons\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"kūds\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"macer\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"kalsns\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"kōhoi\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"hīroki\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"whīroki\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"hīoi\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"hōkaka\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"pākokekoke\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"slank\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"linge\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"prim\"}, {\"code\": \"pdt\", \"lang\": \"Plautdietsch\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"denn\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"esbelto\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"subțire\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"slab\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"xudój\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"худо́й\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"english\": \"skinny\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"tóščij\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"то́щий\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"english\": \"wiry\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"podžáryj\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"поджа́рый\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"suxoščávyj\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"сухоща́вый\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"delgado\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"esbelto\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"mager\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"smal\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"ince\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"zayıf\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"xudýj\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"худи́й\"}, {\"code\": \"uz\", \"lang\": \"Uzbek\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"word\": \"ozg'in\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"maigue\"}, {\"code\": \"zza\", \"lang\": \"Zazaki\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"barı (diq)\"}, {\"code\": \"zza\", \"lang\": \"Zazaki\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bari (diq)\"}, {\"code\": \"zza\", \"lang\": \"Zazaki\", \"sense\": \"being slim, not fleshy\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\", \"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"qor sg or\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"hum\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"һум\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"yabıq\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"ябыҡ\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"krehǎk\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"крехък\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"magre\"}, {\"code\": \"kw\", \"lang\": \"Cornish\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"kogh\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"mager\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"vähärasvainen\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"maigre\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"magro\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"mager\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"magro\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"poss\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"macer\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"liess\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"english\": \"Referring to fish\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"tipiwai\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"hinuiti\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"tūpuhi\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"mager\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"magre\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"magro\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"slab macru\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"póstnyj\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"по́стный\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"magro\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"mager\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"az yağlı\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"yağsız\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"maigue\"}, {\"code\": \"zza\", \"lang\": \"Zazaki\", \"sense\": \"of meat, having little fat\", \"word\": \"bêruwen\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"having little extra or little to spare\", \"word\": \"magre\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"having little extra or little to spare\", \"word\": \"karig\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"having little extra or little to spare\", \"word\": \"niukka\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"having little extra or little to spare\", \"word\": \"vähäinen\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"having little extra or little to spare\", \"word\": \"serré\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"having little extra or little to spare\", \"word\": \"knapp\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"having little extra or little to spare\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"magro\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"having little extra or little to spare\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"scarso\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"having little extra or little to spare\", \"word\": \"magre\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"having little extra or little to spare\", \"word\": \"estrech\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"bédnyj\", \"sense\": \"having little extra or little to spare\", \"word\": \"бе́дный\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"skúdnyj\", \"sense\": \"having little extra or little to spare\", \"word\": \"ску́дный\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"english\": \"modest, e.g. budget\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"skrómnyj\", \"sense\": \"having little extra or little to spare\", \"word\": \"скро́мный\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"having little extra or little to spare\", \"word\": \"estrecho\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"having little extra or little to spare\", \"word\": \"ajustado\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"having little extra or little to spare\", \"word\": \"kıt\"}, {\"code\": \"uz\", \"lang\": \"Uzbek\", \"sense\": \"having little extra or little to spare\", \"word\": \"kambag'al\"}, {\"code\": \"zza\", \"lang\": \"Zazaki\", \"sense\": \"having little extra or little to spare\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"tayn\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"beden\", \"sense\": \"having a low proportion of a desired substance\", \"word\": \"беден\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"having a low proportion of a desired substance\", \"word\": \"laiha\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"having a low proportion of a desired substance\", \"word\": \"laimea\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"having a low proportion of a desired substance\", \"word\": \"heikko\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"having a low proportion of a desired substance\", \"word\": \"pauvre\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"having a low proportion of a desired substance\", \"word\": \"mager\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"having a low proportion of a desired substance\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"magra\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"having a low proportion of a desired substance\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ricca\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"having a low proportion of a desired substance\", \"word\": \"mager\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obednjónnyj\", \"sense\": \"having a low proportion of a desired substance\", \"word\": \"обеднённый\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"having a low proportion of a desired substance\", \"word\": \"delgado\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"having a low proportion of a desired substance\", \"word\": \"sobreoxigenado\"}], \"word\": \"lean\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adj",
"title": "lean",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.