"pencher" meaning in French

See pencher in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /pɑ̃.ʃe/ Audio: Fr-pencher.ogg
Etymology: Inherited from Vulgar Latin *pendicāre, from Latin pendere (“hang”). Compare pendre. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|VL.|*pendico|*pendicāre||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Vulgar Latin *pendicāre, {{inh+|fr|VL.|*pendico|*pendicāre}} Inherited from Vulgar Latin *pendicāre, {{der|fr|la|pendo|pendere|t=hang}} Latin pendere (“hang”) Head templates: {{fr-verb}} pencher Inflection templates: {{fr-conj-auto}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], pencher [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], penchant [gerund, participle, present], ayant + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], penché [participle, past], penche [first-person, indicative, present, singular], penches [indicative, present, second-person, singular], penche [indicative, present, singular, third-person], penchons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], penchez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], penchent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], penchais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], penchais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], penchait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], penchions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], penchiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], penchaient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], penchai [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], penchas [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], pencha [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], penchâmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], penchâtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], penchèrent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], pencherai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], pencheras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], penchera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], pencherons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], pencherez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], pencheront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], pencherais [conditional, first-person, singular], pencherais [conditional, second-person, singular], pencherait [conditional, singular, third-person], pencherions [conditional, first-person, plural], pencheriez [conditional, plural, second-person], pencheraient [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], penche [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], penches [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], penche [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], penchions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], penchiez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], penchent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], penchasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], penchasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], penchât [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], penchassions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], penchassiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], penchassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], penche [imperative, second-person, singular], penchons [first-person, imperative, plural], penchez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]
  1. (transitive) to tilt, tip up Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-pencher-fr-verb-KEX1gwBS Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, French verbs with conjugation -er, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 81 2 6 2 8 Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 25 11 23 11 30 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 76 3 9 3 9 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 82 3 6 3 7
  2. (intransitive) to lean, list Tags: intransitive
    Sense id: en-pencher-fr-verb-Rg1y6y0r Categories (other): French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 25 11 23 11 30
  3. (intransitive) to lean towards (an opinion, idea etc.); to be inclined (to do something) Tags: intransitive
    Sense id: en-pencher-fr-verb-VIAzRdgU Categories (other): French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 25 11 23 11 30
  4. (reflexive) to bend down, lean over Tags: reflexive
    Sense id: en-pencher-fr-verb-VY18RiMK Categories (other): French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 25 11 23 11 30
  5. (reflexive) to look into Tags: reflexive
    Sense id: en-pencher-fr-verb-kuubGk6e Categories (other): French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 25 11 23 11 30
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: pente (english: slope, gradient)

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*pendico",
        "4": "*pendicāre",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *pendicāre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*pendico",
        "4": "*pendicāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Vulgar Latin *pendicāre",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "pendo",
        "4": "pendere",
        "t": "hang"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pendere (“hang”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Vulgar Latin *pendicāre, from Latin pendere (“hang”). Compare pendre.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencher",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchant",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penché",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penche",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penches",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penche",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchons",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchez",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchent",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchais",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchais",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchait",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchions",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchiez",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchaient",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchai",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchas",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencha",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchâmes",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchâtes",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchèrent",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencherai",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencheras",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchera",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencherons",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencherez",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencheront",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencherais",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencherais",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencherait",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencherions",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencheriez",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencheraient",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penche",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penches",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penche",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchions",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchiez",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchent",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchasse",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchasses",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchât",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchassions",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃa.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchassiez",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃa.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchassent",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penche",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchons",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchez",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "pencher",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "slope, gradient",
      "word": "pente"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "81 2 6 2 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 11 23 11 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "76 3 9 3 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "82 3 6 3 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to tilt, tip up"
      ],
      "id": "en-pencher-fr-verb-KEX1gwBS",
      "links": [
        [
          "tilt",
          "tilt"
        ],
        [
          "tip up",
          "tip up"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to tilt, tip up"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 11 23 11 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to lean, list"
      ],
      "id": "en-pencher-fr-verb-Rg1y6y0r",
      "links": [
        [
          "lean",
          "lean"
        ],
        [
          "list",
          "list"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to lean, list"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 11 23 11 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to lean towards (an opinion, idea etc.); to be inclined (to do something)"
      ],
      "id": "en-pencher-fr-verb-VIAzRdgU",
      "links": [
        [
          "lean",
          "lean"
        ],
        [
          "inclined",
          "inclined"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to lean towards (an opinion, idea etc.); to be inclined (to do something)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 11 23 11 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bend down, lean over"
      ],
      "id": "en-pencher-fr-verb-VY18RiMK",
      "links": [
        [
          "bend down",
          "bend down"
        ],
        [
          "lean over",
          "lean over"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to bend down, lean over"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 11 23 11 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Je me pencherai sur le problème. I'll look into the problem."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to look into"
      ],
      "id": "en-pencher-fr-verb-kuubGk6e",
      "links": [
        [
          "look into",
          "look into"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to look into"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃe/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-pencher.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/Fr-pencher.ogg/Fr-pencher.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Fr-pencher.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pencher"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "French 2-syllable words",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French first group verbs",
    "French lemmas",
    "French terms derived from Latin",
    "French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French verbs",
    "French verbs with conjugation -er",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*pendico",
        "4": "*pendicāre",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *pendicāre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*pendico",
        "4": "*pendicāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Vulgar Latin *pendicāre",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "pendo",
        "4": "pendere",
        "t": "hang"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pendere (“hang”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Vulgar Latin *pendicāre, from Latin pendere (“hang”). Compare pendre.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencher",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchant",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penché",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penche",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penches",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penche",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchons",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchez",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchent",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchais",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchais",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchait",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchions",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchiez",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchaient",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchai",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchas",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencha",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchâmes",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchâtes",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchèrent",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencherai",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencheras",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchera",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencherons",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencherez",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencheront",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencherais",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencherais",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencherait",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencherions",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencheriez",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pencheraient",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penche",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penches",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penche",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchions",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchiez",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchent",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchasse",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchasses",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchât",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchassions",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃa.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchassiez",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃa.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchassent",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penche",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃ʃ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchons",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penchez",
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "pencher",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "slope, gradient",
      "word": "pente"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to tilt, tip up"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tilt",
          "tilt"
        ],
        [
          "tip up",
          "tip up"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to tilt, tip up"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to lean, list"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lean",
          "lean"
        ],
        [
          "list",
          "list"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to lean, list"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to lean towards (an opinion, idea etc.); to be inclined (to do something)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lean",
          "lean"
        ],
        [
          "inclined",
          "inclined"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to lean towards (an opinion, idea etc.); to be inclined (to do something)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bend down, lean over"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bend down",
          "bend down"
        ],
        [
          "lean over",
          "lean over"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to bend down, lean over"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Je me pencherai sur le problème. I'll look into the problem."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to look into"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "look into",
          "look into"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to look into"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɑ̃.ʃe/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-pencher.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/Fr-pencher.ogg/Fr-pencher.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Fr-pencher.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pencher"
}

Download raw JSONL data for pencher meaning in French (10.9kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.