See い in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for い meaning in Japanese (14.4kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "以"
},
"expansion": "以",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 以 in the cursive sōsho style",
"name": "ja-kana-mannyogana-etym"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 以 in the cursive sōsho style.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "i",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syllable"
},
"expansion": "い • (i)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "syllable",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 13 5 12 15 12 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 7 8 9 9 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 9 11 13 13 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The hiragana syllable い (i). Its equivalent in katakana is イ (i). It is the second syllable in the gojūon order; its position is あ行い段 (a-gyō i-dan, “row a, section i”)."
],
"id": "en-い-ja-syllable-bTK0r2jg",
"links": [
[
"い",
"い#Japanese"
],
[
"イ",
"イ#Japanese"
],
[
"gojūon",
"gojūon"
],
[
"行",
"行#Japanese"
],
[
"段",
"段#Japanese"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "平"
},
{
"word": "仮"
},
{
"word": "名"
},
{
"word": "あ"
},
{
"word": "ぁ"
},
{
"word": "い"
},
{
"word": "ぃ"
},
{
"word": "う"
},
{
"word": "ぅ"
},
{
"word": "ゔ"
},
{
"word": "え"
},
{
"word": "ぇ"
},
{
"word": "お"
},
{
"word": "ぉ"
},
{
"word": "か"
},
{
"word": "ゕ"
},
{
"word": "が"
},
{
"word": "き"
},
{
"word": "ぎ"
},
{
"word": "く"
},
{
"word": "ぐ"
},
{
"word": "け"
},
{
"word": "ゖ"
},
{
"word": "げ"
},
{
"word": "こ"
},
{
"word": "𛄲"
},
{
"word": "ご"
},
{
"word": "さ"
},
{
"word": "ざ"
},
{
"word": "し"
},
{
"word": "じ"
},
{
"word": "す"
},
{
"word": "ず"
},
{
"word": "せ"
},
{
"word": "ぜ"
},
{
"word": "そ"
},
{
"word": "ぞ"
},
{
"word": "た"
},
{
"word": "だ"
},
{
"word": "ち"
},
{
"word": "ぢ"
},
{
"word": "つ"
},
{
"word": "っ"
},
{
"word": "づ"
},
{
"word": "て"
},
{
"word": "で"
},
{
"word": "と"
},
{
"word": "ど"
},
{
"word": "な"
},
{
"word": "に"
},
{
"word": "ぬ"
},
{
"word": "ね"
},
{
"word": "の"
},
{
"word": "は"
},
{
"word": "ば"
},
{
"word": "ぱ"
},
{
"word": "ひ"
},
{
"word": "び"
},
{
"word": "ぴ"
},
{
"word": "ふ"
},
{
"word": "ぶ"
},
{
"word": "ぷ"
},
{
"word": "へ"
},
{
"word": "べ"
},
{
"word": "ぺ"
},
{
"word": "ほ"
},
{
"word": "ぼ"
},
{
"word": "ぽ"
},
{
"word": "ま"
},
{
"word": "み"
},
{
"word": "む"
},
{
"word": "め"
},
{
"word": "も"
},
{
"word": "や"
},
{
"word": "ゃ"
},
{
"word": "𛀆"
},
{
"word": "ゆ"
},
{
"word": "ゅ"
},
{
"word": "𛀁"
},
{
"word": "よ"
},
{
"word": "ょ"
},
{
"word": "ら"
},
{
"word": "゚"
},
{
"word": "り"
},
{
"word": "る"
},
{
"word": "れ"
},
{
"word": "ろ"
},
{
"word": "わ"
},
{
"word": "ゎ"
},
{
"word": "゙"
},
{
"word": "ゐ"
},
{
"word": "𛅐"
},
{
"word": "𛄟"
},
{
"word": "ゑ"
},
{
"word": "𛅑"
},
{
"word": "を"
},
{
"word": "𛅒"
},
{
"word": "ん"
},
{
"word": "ー"
},
{
"word": "ゝ"
},
{
"word": "ゞ"
},
{
"word": "ゟ"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[i]"
}
],
"word": "い"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "emphatic"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "よ"
},
"expansion": "よ (yo)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "や"
},
"expansion": "や (ya)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nCorruption of emphatic particle よ (yo) or exclamatory particle や (ya).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "i",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "particle"
},
"expansion": "い • (i)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 7 8 9 9 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 29 9 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "だ (da) → だい (dai)"
},
{
"text": "か (ka) → かい (kai)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in compounds with certain sentence-ending particles to create a familiar effect."
],
"id": "en-い-ja-particle-EIklPSvY",
"links": [
[
"familiar",
"familiar#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 7 8 9 9 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 29 9 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "わ (wa) → わい (wai)"
},
{
"text": "ぞ (zo) → ぞい (zoi)"
},
{
"text": "や (ya) → やい (yai)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in compounds with certain sentence-ending particles to create an exclamatory effect."
],
"id": "en-い-ja-particle-NNGKQHM6",
"links": [
[
"exclamatory",
"exclamatory#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Have it your way!",
"roman": "Katte ni shiroi!",
"ruby": [
[
"勝",
"かっ"
],
[
"手",
"て"
]
],
"text": "勝手にしろい！"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used after verbs to create an exclamatory effect."
],
"id": "en-い-ja-particle-ptpC7wBH"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "い"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "arui wa",
"word": "あるいは"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "iwa",
"word": "いは"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ishi",
"word": "いし"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "imo",
"word": "いも"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Korean",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "이"
},
"expansion": "이 (i)",
"name": "ko-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Possibly cognate with Korean nominal particle 이 (i).\nUsed in Old Japanese, still found in use in Chinese works annotated for Japanese readers of Early Middle Japanese in the early Heian period, then becoming more limited and appearing only in specialized Buddhist texts. Fallen into disuse by the late Heian period from the time of so-called “cloistered rule”.\nObsolete. Not used in modern Japanese.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "i",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "particle"
},
"expansion": "い • (i)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "797: Shoku Nihongi (edict 6)",
"text": "京職大夫從三位藤原朝臣麻呂等伊負圖龜一頭獻止",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "797: Shoku Nihongi (edict 12)",
"text": "聞看食國中能東方陸奥國守從五位上百濟王敬福伊部内少田郡仁黄金出在奏弖獻",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "797: Shoku Nihongi (edict 34)",
"text": "然後仁逆心乎以天朝庭乎動傾止之天兵乎備流時仁和氣伊申天在",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"emphatic subject marker, added to nouns and verb stems"
],
"id": "en-い-ja-particle-SUec353W",
"links": [
[
"subject",
"subject"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) emphatic subject marker, added to nouns and verb stems"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 26 3 10 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"emphatic phrase-final particle, emphasizing preceding phrase"
],
"id": "en-い-ja-particle-ZTgxGuYs",
"links": [
[
"emphatic",
"emphatic"
],
[
"particle",
"particle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) emphatic phrase-final particle, emphasizing preceding phrase"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "い"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "An extension of use of the -i ending on adjectives.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "く",
"roman": "-ku",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "かろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "karo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "く",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "い",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "い",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "けれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "くない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ku nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "katta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "くなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ku nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "いです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "i desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "くないです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ku nai desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "katta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "くなかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ku nakatta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "くて",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kute",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "kereba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "かったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "karō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "く",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "ku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "sa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix",
"infl": "i"
},
"expansion": "い • (-i) -i (adverbial く (-ku))",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": "く",
"attributive": "い",
"conditional": "ければ",
"conjunctive": "くて",
"continuative": "く",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": "い です",
"formal_negative": "く ない です",
"formal_negative_past": "く なかった です",
"formal_past": "かった です",
"hypothetical": "けれ",
"imperative": "かれ",
"imperfective": "かろ",
"informal_negative": "く ない",
"informal_negative_past": "く なかった",
"informal_past": "かった",
"kana": "",
"lemma": "",
"provisional": "かったら",
"terminal": "い",
"volitional": "かろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "30 29 9 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "チャラチャラ (charachara, “onomatopoeia for jingling”) → チャラい (charai, “flashy”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix forming adjectives: -ic; -al"
],
"id": "en-い-ja-suffix-QQSwTeVs",
"links": [
[
"-ic",
"-ic"
],
[
"-al",
"-al"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) suffix forming adjectives: -ic; -al"
],
"tags": [
"-i",
"informal",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "い"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese syllables",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Requests for audio pronunciation in Japanese entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "以"
},
"expansion": "以",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 以 in the cursive sōsho style",
"name": "ja-kana-mannyogana-etym"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 以 in the cursive sōsho style.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "i",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syllable"
},
"expansion": "い • (i)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "syllable",
"related": [
{
"word": "平"
},
{
"word": "仮"
},
{
"word": "名"
},
{
"word": "あ"
},
{
"word": "ぁ"
},
{
"word": "い"
},
{
"word": "ぃ"
},
{
"word": "う"
},
{
"word": "ぅ"
},
{
"word": "ゔ"
},
{
"word": "え"
},
{
"word": "ぇ"
},
{
"word": "お"
},
{
"word": "ぉ"
},
{
"word": "か"
},
{
"word": "ゕ"
},
{
"word": "が"
},
{
"word": "き"
},
{
"word": "ぎ"
},
{
"word": "く"
},
{
"word": "ぐ"
},
{
"word": "け"
},
{
"word": "ゖ"
},
{
"word": "げ"
},
{
"word": "こ"
},
{
"word": "𛄲"
},
{
"word": "ご"
},
{
"word": "さ"
},
{
"word": "ざ"
},
{
"word": "し"
},
{
"word": "じ"
},
{
"word": "す"
},
{
"word": "ず"
},
{
"word": "せ"
},
{
"word": "ぜ"
},
{
"word": "そ"
},
{
"word": "ぞ"
},
{
"word": "た"
},
{
"word": "だ"
},
{
"word": "ち"
},
{
"word": "ぢ"
},
{
"word": "つ"
},
{
"word": "っ"
},
{
"word": "づ"
},
{
"word": "て"
},
{
"word": "で"
},
{
"word": "と"
},
{
"word": "ど"
},
{
"word": "な"
},
{
"word": "に"
},
{
"word": "ぬ"
},
{
"word": "ね"
},
{
"word": "の"
},
{
"word": "は"
},
{
"word": "ば"
},
{
"word": "ぱ"
},
{
"word": "ひ"
},
{
"word": "び"
},
{
"word": "ぴ"
},
{
"word": "ふ"
},
{
"word": "ぶ"
},
{
"word": "ぷ"
},
{
"word": "へ"
},
{
"word": "べ"
},
{
"word": "ぺ"
},
{
"word": "ほ"
},
{
"word": "ぼ"
},
{
"word": "ぽ"
},
{
"word": "ま"
},
{
"word": "み"
},
{
"word": "む"
},
{
"word": "め"
},
{
"word": "も"
},
{
"word": "や"
},
{
"word": "ゃ"
},
{
"word": "𛀆"
},
{
"word": "ゆ"
},
{
"word": "ゅ"
},
{
"word": "𛀁"
},
{
"word": "よ"
},
{
"word": "ょ"
},
{
"word": "ら"
},
{
"word": "゚"
},
{
"word": "り"
},
{
"word": "る"
},
{
"word": "れ"
},
{
"word": "ろ"
},
{
"word": "わ"
},
{
"word": "ゎ"
},
{
"word": "゙"
},
{
"word": "ゐ"
},
{
"word": "𛅐"
},
{
"word": "𛄟"
},
{
"word": "ゑ"
},
{
"word": "𛅑"
},
{
"word": "を"
},
{
"word": "𛅒"
},
{
"word": "ん"
},
{
"word": "ー"
},
{
"word": "ゝ"
},
{
"word": "ゞ"
},
{
"word": "ゟ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The hiragana syllable い (i). Its equivalent in katakana is イ (i). It is the second syllable in the gojūon order; its position is あ行い段 (a-gyō i-dan, “row a, section i”)."
],
"links": [
[
"い",
"い#Japanese"
],
[
"イ",
"イ#Japanese"
],
[
"gojūon",
"gojūon"
],
[
"行",
"行#Japanese"
],
[
"段",
"段#Japanese"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[i]"
}
],
"word": "い"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese particles",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "emphatic"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "よ"
},
"expansion": "よ (yo)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "や"
},
"expansion": "や (ya)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nCorruption of emphatic particle よ (yo) or exclamatory particle や (ya).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "i",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "particle"
},
"expansion": "い • (i)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant target parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "だ (da) → だい (dai)"
},
{
"text": "か (ka) → かい (kai)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in compounds with certain sentence-ending particles to create a familiar effect."
],
"links": [
[
"familiar",
"familiar#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant target parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "わ (wa) → わい (wai)"
},
{
"text": "ぞ (zo) → ぞい (zoi)"
},
{
"text": "や (ya) → やい (yai)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in compounds with certain sentence-ending particles to create an exclamatory effect."
],
"links": [
[
"exclamatory",
"exclamatory#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Have it your way!",
"roman": "Katte ni shiroi!",
"ruby": [
[
"勝",
"かっ"
],
[
"手",
"て"
]
],
"text": "勝手にしろい！"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used after verbs to create an exclamatory effect."
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "い"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese particles",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "arui wa",
"word": "あるいは"
},
{
"roman": "iwa",
"word": "いは"
},
{
"roman": "ishi",
"word": "いし"
},
{
"roman": "imo",
"word": "いも"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Korean",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "이"
},
"expansion": "이 (i)",
"name": "ko-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Possibly cognate with Korean nominal particle 이 (i).\nUsed in Old Japanese, still found in use in Chinese works annotated for Japanese readers of Early Middle Japanese in the early Heian period, then becoming more limited and appearing only in specialized Buddhist texts. Fallen into disuse by the late Heian period from the time of so-called “cloistered rule”.\nObsolete. Not used in modern Japanese.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "i",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "particle"
},
"expansion": "い • (i)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses",
"Japanese terms with usage examples",
"Requests for translations of Japanese usage examples",
"Requests for transliteration of Japanese usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "797: Shoku Nihongi (edict 6)",
"text": "京職大夫從三位藤原朝臣麻呂等伊負圖龜一頭獻止",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "797: Shoku Nihongi (edict 12)",
"text": "聞看食國中能東方陸奥國守從五位上百濟王敬福伊部内少田郡仁黄金出在奏弖獻",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "797: Shoku Nihongi (edict 34)",
"text": "然後仁逆心乎以天朝庭乎動傾止之天兵乎備流時仁和氣伊申天在",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"emphatic subject marker, added to nouns and verb stems"
],
"links": [
[
"subject",
"subject"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) emphatic subject marker, added to nouns and verb stems"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"emphatic phrase-final particle, emphasizing preceding phrase"
],
"links": [
[
"emphatic",
"emphatic"
],
[
"particle",
"particle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) emphatic phrase-final particle, emphasizing preceding phrase"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "い"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "An extension of use of the -i ending on adjectives.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "く",
"roman": "-ku",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "かろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "karo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "く",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "い",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "い",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "けれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "くない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ku nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "katta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "くなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ku nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "いです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "i desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "くないです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ku nai desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "katta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "くなかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ku nakatta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "くて",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kute",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "kereba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "かったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "karō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "く",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "ku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "sa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix",
"infl": "i"
},
"expansion": "い • (-i) -i (adverbial く (-ku))",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": "く",
"attributive": "い",
"conditional": "ければ",
"conjunctive": "くて",
"continuative": "く",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": "い です",
"formal_negative": "く ない です",
"formal_negative_past": "く なかった です",
"formal_past": "かった です",
"hypothetical": "けれ",
"imperative": "かれ",
"imperfective": "かろ",
"informal_negative": "く ない",
"informal_negative_past": "く なかった",
"informal_past": "かった",
"kana": "",
"lemma": "",
"provisional": "かったら",
"terminal": "い",
"volitional": "かろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese informal terms",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "チャラチャラ (charachara, “onomatopoeia for jingling”) → チャラい (charai, “flashy”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix forming adjectives: -ic; -al"
],
"links": [
[
"-ic",
"-ic"
],
[
"-al",
"-al"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) suffix forming adjectives: -ic; -al"
],
"tags": [
"-i",
"informal",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "い"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"医",
"委",
"意",
"以",
"衣",
"位",
"囲",
"胃",
"易",
"移",
"異",
"遺",
"依",
"為",
"畏",
"威",
"唯",
"維",
"萎",
"椅",
"彙",
"偉",
"違",
"緯",
"尉",
"慰",
"已",
"伊",
"夷",
"怡",
"帷",
"蝟",
"縊",
"姨",
"彝",
"扆"
],
"word": "い"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"井",
"亥",
"堰",
"居",
"寝",
"胆",
"猪",
"藺",
"五",
"五十",
"斎",
"汝"
],
"word": "い"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"い"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "syllable",
"title": "い",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"い"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "particle",
"title": "い",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"い"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "particle",
"title": "い",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"い"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "い",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: i",
"path": [
"い"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "い",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: i",
"path": [
"い"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "い",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.