See な in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
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"2": "kana"
},
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 奈 in the cursive sōsho style",
"name": "ja-kana-mannyogana-etym"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nDerived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 奈 in the cursive sōsho style.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syllable"
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"expansion": "な • (na)",
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],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "syllable",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 13 20 14 14 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "34 21 45",
"kind": "other",
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"Links with redundant alt parameters",
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{
"_dis": "11 14 21 13 13 28",
"kind": "other",
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"Links with redundant wikilinks",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "11 13 22 13 13 28",
"kind": "other",
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"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
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{
"_dis": "3 4 15 5 0 5 13 3 2 6 0 1 16 9 6 9 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Japanese pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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],
"glosses": [
"The hiragana syllable な (na). Its equivalent in katakana is ナ (na). It is the twenty-first syllable in the gojūon order; its position is な行あ段 (na-gyō a-dan, “row na, section a”)."
],
"id": "en-な-ja-syllable-K7Zr78YY",
"links": [
[
"な",
"な#Japanese"
],
[
"ナ",
"ナ#Japanese"
],
[
"gojūon",
"gojūon"
],
[
"行",
"行#Japanese"
],
[
"段",
"段#Japanese"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "平"
},
{
"word": "仮"
},
{
"word": "名"
},
{
"word": "あ"
},
{
"word": "ぁ"
},
{
"word": "い"
},
{
"word": "ぃ"
},
{
"word": "う"
},
{
"word": "ぅ"
},
{
"word": "ゔ"
},
{
"word": "え"
},
{
"word": "ぇ"
},
{
"word": "お"
},
{
"word": "ぉ"
},
{
"word": "か"
},
{
"word": "ゕ"
},
{
"word": "が"
},
{
"word": "き"
},
{
"word": "ぎ"
},
{
"word": "く"
},
{
"word": "ぐ"
},
{
"word": "け"
},
{
"word": "ゖ"
},
{
"word": "げ"
},
{
"word": "こ"
},
{
"word": "𛄲"
},
{
"word": "ご"
},
{
"word": "さ"
},
{
"word": "ざ"
},
{
"word": "し"
},
{
"word": "じ"
},
{
"word": "す"
},
{
"word": "ず"
},
{
"word": "せ"
},
{
"word": "ぜ"
},
{
"word": "そ"
},
{
"word": "ぞ"
},
{
"word": "た"
},
{
"word": "だ"
},
{
"word": "ち"
},
{
"word": "ぢ"
},
{
"word": "つ"
},
{
"word": "っ"
},
{
"word": "づ"
},
{
"word": "て"
},
{
"word": "で"
},
{
"word": "と"
},
{
"word": "ど"
},
{
"word": "に"
},
{
"word": "ぬ"
},
{
"word": "ね"
},
{
"word": "の"
},
{
"word": "は"
},
{
"word": "ば"
},
{
"word": "ぱ"
},
{
"word": "ひ"
},
{
"word": "び"
},
{
"word": "ぴ"
},
{
"word": "ふ"
},
{
"word": "ぶ"
},
{
"word": "ぷ"
},
{
"word": "へ"
},
{
"word": "べ"
},
{
"word": "ぺ"
},
{
"word": "ほ"
},
{
"word": "ぼ"
},
{
"word": "ぽ"
},
{
"word": "ま"
},
{
"word": "み"
},
{
"word": "む"
},
{
"word": "め"
},
{
"word": "も"
},
{
"word": "や"
},
{
"word": "ゃ"
},
{
"word": "𛀆"
},
{
"word": "ゆ"
},
{
"word": "ゅ"
},
{
"word": "𛀁"
},
{
"word": "よ"
},
{
"word": "ょ"
},
{
"word": "ら"
},
{
"word": "゚"
},
{
"word": "り"
},
{
"word": "る"
},
{
"word": "れ"
},
{
"word": "ろ"
},
{
"word": "わ"
},
{
"word": "ゎ"
},
{
"word": "゙"
},
{
"word": "ゐ"
},
{
"word": "𛅐"
},
{
"word": "𛄟"
},
{
"word": "ゑ"
},
{
"word": "𛅑"
},
{
"word": "を"
},
{
"word": "𛅒"
},
{
"word": "ん"
},
{
"word": "ー"
},
{
"word": "ゝ"
},
{
"word": "ゞ"
},
{
"word": "ゟ"
},
{
"word": "𛁾 𛁿 𛂀 𛂁 𛂂 𛂃 𛂄 𛂅 𛂆"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[na̠]"
}
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "emphatic"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
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{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nProbably derived from mild emphatic interjection and sentence-final particle ね, itself from Old Japanese, indicating a general sense of admiration or consideration, or hope that the preceding statement comes to pass.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "な • (na)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Hey, did you hear?",
"roman": "na, kiita kai.",
"ruby": [
[
"聞",
"き"
]
],
"text": "な、聞いたかい。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to get someone's attention, generally carries neutral or slightly positive connotations"
],
"id": "en-な-ja-intj-1S-TD5L3",
"qualifier": "mild emphatic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(masculine, informal, mild emphatic) used to get someone's attention, generally carries neutral or slightly positive connotations"
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[na̠]"
}
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "emphatic"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
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"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nProbably derived from mild emphatic interjection and sentence-final particle ね, itself from Old Japanese, indicating a general sense of admiration or consideration, or hope that the preceding statement comes to pass.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "particle"
},
"expansion": "な • (na)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Huh, is that so.",
"roman": "sō ka na.",
"text": "そうかな。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sentence-final particle indicating emotion or mild emphasis"
],
"id": "en-な-ja-particle-67iY~Ybj",
"links": [
[
"emotion",
"emotion#English"
],
[
"mild",
"mild#English"
],
[
"emphasis",
"emphasis#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "mild emphatic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, mild emphatic) sentence-final particle indicating emotion or mild emphasis"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "なあ"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[na̠]"
}
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "な-adjective",
"obor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: な-adjective",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: な-adjective"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "adjectival"
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"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\n/ni aru/ → /naru/ → /na/\nFrom Old Japanese. Originally an abbreviation of に (ni, particle) + ある (aru, the attributive form of classical あり ari, “to be”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
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"head_templates": [
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"args": {
"1": "particle"
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"expansion": "な • (na)",
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"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Japanese pronouns",
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},
{
"_dis": "9 32 44 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a strange person",
"roman": "hen na hito",
"ruby": [
[
"変",
"へん"
],
[
"人",
"ひと"
]
],
"text": "変な人"
}
],
"glosses": [
"copula particle used after 形容動詞 (keiyōdōshi, often referred to in English teaching texts as -na adjective, literally “adjective verb”) to make them function as adjectives"
],
"id": "en-な-ja-particle-Nb4J-hMn",
"links": [
[
"形容動詞",
"形容動詞#Japanese"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[na̠]"
}
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "prohibitionary"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ない"
},
"expansion": "ない (nai)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ず"
},
"expansion": "ず (zu)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Old Japanese. Probably the root na of the negative adjective ない (nai). An alternative theory is that this is the imperfective conjugation of negative auxiliary verb ず (zu).\nFirst cited to the Nihon Shoki of 720.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "particle"
},
"expansion": "な • (na)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Don't go!",
"roman": "Iku na!",
"ruby": [
[
"行",
"い"
]
],
"text": "行くな！"
},
{
"english": "Don't quote it without permission.",
"roman": "Mudan de in'yō suru na.",
"ruby": [
[
"無",
"む"
],
[
"断",
"だん"
],
[
"引",
"いん"
],
[
"用",
"よう"
]
],
"text": "無断で引用するな。"
},
{
"english": "dangerous: do not mix",
"roman": "mazeru na kiken",
"ruby": [
[
"混",
"ま"
],
[
"危険",
"きけん"
]
],
"text": "混ぜるな危険"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indicates prohibition: don't"
],
"id": "en-な-ja-particle-t93kCEpM",
"links": [
[
"prohibition",
"prohibition#English"
],
[
"don't",
"don't"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(masculine in modern Japanese, informal, added after the dictionary form of a verb) indicates prohibition: don't"
],
"raw_tags": [
"added after the dictionary form of a verb",
"in modern Japanese"
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[na̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten",
"Nihon Shoki"
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "imperative"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nClipping of polite imperative auxiliary verb form なさい (nasai).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "な • (-na)",
"name": "ja-pos"
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],
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"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ruby": [
[
"行",
"い"
]
],
"text": "あっちへ行きな、ぼうや。\nAtchi e ikina, bōya.\nGo over there, boy → Get out of the way, boy!"
},
{
"ruby": [
[
"座",
"すわ"
]
],
"text": "座りなよ。 ― suwarina yo. ― Sit → Have a seat."
}
],
"glosses": [
"indicates an imperative statement or command: do"
],
"id": "en-な-ja-suffix-u~9Yk1IC",
"links": [
[
"imperative",
"imperative#English"
],
[
"statement",
"statement#English"
],
[
"command",
"command#English"
],
[
"do",
"do"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, added after the stem form of a verb) indicates an imperative statement or command: do"
],
"raw_tags": [
"added after the stem form of a verb"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "kudasai",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"くだ"
]
],
"word": "下さい"
},
{
"roman": "chōdai",
"ruby": [
[
"頂",
"ちょう"
],
[
"戴",
"だい"
]
],
"word": "頂戴"
},
{
"roman": "nasai",
"word": "なさい"
}
],
"tags": [
"-na",
"informal",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[na̠]"
}
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"名",
"字",
"菜",
"汝",
"無",
"七",
"那",
"南",
"奈",
"娜",
"懦"
],
"senses": [
{
"id": "en-な-ja-soft-redirect-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[na̠]"
}
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese syllables",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese nouns",
"Old Japanese pronouns",
"Pages with 2 entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "table",
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"args": {},
"expansion": "Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 奈 in the cursive sōsho style",
"name": "ja-kana-mannyogana-etym"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nDerived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 奈 in the cursive sōsho style.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
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"args": {
"1": "syllable"
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"expansion": "な • (na)",
"name": "ja-pos"
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],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "syllable",
"related": [
{
"word": "平"
},
{
"word": "仮"
},
{
"word": "名"
},
{
"word": "あ"
},
{
"word": "ぁ"
},
{
"word": "い"
},
{
"word": "ぃ"
},
{
"word": "う"
},
{
"word": "ぅ"
},
{
"word": "ゔ"
},
{
"word": "え"
},
{
"word": "ぇ"
},
{
"word": "お"
},
{
"word": "ぉ"
},
{
"word": "か"
},
{
"word": "ゕ"
},
{
"word": "が"
},
{
"word": "き"
},
{
"word": "ぎ"
},
{
"word": "く"
},
{
"word": "ぐ"
},
{
"word": "け"
},
{
"word": "ゖ"
},
{
"word": "げ"
},
{
"word": "こ"
},
{
"word": "𛄲"
},
{
"word": "ご"
},
{
"word": "さ"
},
{
"word": "ざ"
},
{
"word": "し"
},
{
"word": "じ"
},
{
"word": "す"
},
{
"word": "ず"
},
{
"word": "せ"
},
{
"word": "ぜ"
},
{
"word": "そ"
},
{
"word": "ぞ"
},
{
"word": "た"
},
{
"word": "だ"
},
{
"word": "ち"
},
{
"word": "ぢ"
},
{
"word": "つ"
},
{
"word": "っ"
},
{
"word": "づ"
},
{
"word": "て"
},
{
"word": "で"
},
{
"word": "と"
},
{
"word": "ど"
},
{
"word": "に"
},
{
"word": "ぬ"
},
{
"word": "ね"
},
{
"word": "の"
},
{
"word": "は"
},
{
"word": "ば"
},
{
"word": "ぱ"
},
{
"word": "ひ"
},
{
"word": "び"
},
{
"word": "ぴ"
},
{
"word": "ふ"
},
{
"word": "ぶ"
},
{
"word": "ぷ"
},
{
"word": "へ"
},
{
"word": "べ"
},
{
"word": "ぺ"
},
{
"word": "ほ"
},
{
"word": "ぼ"
},
{
"word": "ぽ"
},
{
"word": "ま"
},
{
"word": "み"
},
{
"word": "む"
},
{
"word": "め"
},
{
"word": "も"
},
{
"word": "や"
},
{
"word": "ゃ"
},
{
"word": "𛀆"
},
{
"word": "ゆ"
},
{
"word": "ゅ"
},
{
"word": "𛀁"
},
{
"word": "よ"
},
{
"word": "ょ"
},
{
"word": "ら"
},
{
"word": "゚"
},
{
"word": "り"
},
{
"word": "る"
},
{
"word": "れ"
},
{
"word": "ろ"
},
{
"word": "わ"
},
{
"word": "ゎ"
},
{
"word": "゙"
},
{
"word": "ゐ"
},
{
"word": "𛅐"
},
{
"word": "𛄟"
},
{
"word": "ゑ"
},
{
"word": "𛅑"
},
{
"word": "を"
},
{
"word": "𛅒"
},
{
"word": "ん"
},
{
"word": "ー"
},
{
"word": "ゝ"
},
{
"word": "ゞ"
},
{
"word": "ゟ"
},
{
"word": "𛁾 𛁿 𛂀 𛂁 𛂂 𛂃 𛂄 𛂅 𛂆"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The hiragana syllable な (na). Its equivalent in katakana is ナ (na). It is the twenty-first syllable in the gojūon order; its position is な行あ段 (na-gyō a-dan, “row na, section a”)."
],
"links": [
[
"な",
"な#Japanese"
],
[
"ナ",
"ナ#Japanese"
],
[
"gojūon",
"gojūon"
],
[
"行",
"行#Japanese"
],
[
"段",
"段#Japanese"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[na̠]"
}
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese interjections",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese particles",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese nouns",
"Old Japanese pronouns",
"Pages with 2 entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "emphatic"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nProbably derived from mild emphatic interjection and sentence-final particle ね, itself from Old Japanese, indicating a general sense of admiration or consideration, or hope that the preceding statement comes to pass.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "な • (na)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese informal terms",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Hey, did you hear?",
"roman": "na, kiita kai.",
"ruby": [
[
"聞",
"き"
]
],
"text": "な、聞いたかい。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to get someone's attention, generally carries neutral or slightly positive connotations"
],
"qualifier": "mild emphatic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(masculine, informal, mild emphatic) used to get someone's attention, generally carries neutral or slightly positive connotations"
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[na̠]"
}
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese interjections",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese particles",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese nouns",
"Old Japanese pronouns",
"Pages with 2 entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "emphatic"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nProbably derived from mild emphatic interjection and sentence-final particle ね, itself from Old Japanese, indicating a general sense of admiration or consideration, or hope that the preceding statement comes to pass.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "particle"
},
"expansion": "な • (na)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese informal terms",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Huh, is that so.",
"roman": "sō ka na.",
"text": "そうかな。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sentence-final particle indicating emotion or mild emphasis"
],
"links": [
[
"emotion",
"emotion#English"
],
[
"mild",
"mild#English"
],
[
"emphasis",
"emphasis#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "mild emphatic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, mild emphatic) sentence-final particle indicating emotion or mild emphasis"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "なあ"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[na̠]"
}
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese particles",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese nouns",
"Old Japanese pronouns",
"Pages with 2 entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "な-adjective",
"obor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: な-adjective",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: な-adjective"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "adjectival"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\n/ni aru/ → /naru/ → /na/\nFrom Old Japanese. Originally an abbreviation of に (ni, particle) + ある (aru, the attributive form of classical あり ari, “to be”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "particle"
},
"expansion": "な • (na)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a strange person",
"roman": "hen na hito",
"ruby": [
[
"変",
"へん"
],
[
"人",
"ひと"
]
],
"text": "変な人"
}
],
"glosses": [
"copula particle used after 形容動詞 (keiyōdōshi, often referred to in English teaching texts as -na adjective, literally “adjective verb”) to make them function as adjectives"
],
"links": [
[
"形容動詞",
"形容動詞#Japanese"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[na̠]"
}
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese particles",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese nouns",
"Old Japanese pronouns",
"Pages with 2 entries"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "prohibitionary"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ない"
},
"expansion": "ない (nai)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ず"
},
"expansion": "ず (zu)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Old Japanese. Probably the root na of the negative adjective ない (nai). An alternative theory is that this is the imperfective conjugation of negative auxiliary verb ず (zu).\nFirst cited to the Nihon Shoki of 720.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "particle"
},
"expansion": "な • (na)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese informal terms",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Don't go!",
"roman": "Iku na!",
"ruby": [
[
"行",
"い"
]
],
"text": "行くな！"
},
{
"english": "Don't quote it without permission.",
"roman": "Mudan de in'yō suru na.",
"ruby": [
[
"無",
"む"
],
[
"断",
"だん"
],
[
"引",
"いん"
],
[
"用",
"よう"
]
],
"text": "無断で引用するな。"
},
{
"english": "dangerous: do not mix",
"roman": "mazeru na kiken",
"ruby": [
[
"混",
"ま"
],
[
"危険",
"きけん"
]
],
"text": "混ぜるな危険"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indicates prohibition: don't"
],
"links": [
[
"prohibition",
"prohibition#English"
],
[
"don't",
"don't"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(masculine in modern Japanese, informal, added after the dictionary form of a verb) indicates prohibition: don't"
],
"raw_tags": [
"added after the dictionary form of a verb",
"in modern Japanese"
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[na̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten",
"Nihon Shoki"
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese nouns",
"Old Japanese pronouns",
"Pages with 2 entries"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "imperative"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nClipping of polite imperative auxiliary verb form なさい (nasai).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "な • (-na)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese informal terms",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"ruby": [
[
"行",
"い"
]
],
"text": "あっちへ行きな、ぼうや。\nAtchi e ikina, bōya.\nGo over there, boy → Get out of the way, boy!"
},
{
"ruby": [
[
"座",
"すわ"
]
],
"text": "座りなよ。 ― suwarina yo. ― Sit → Have a seat."
}
],
"glosses": [
"indicates an imperative statement or command: do"
],
"links": [
[
"imperative",
"imperative#English"
],
[
"statement",
"statement#English"
],
[
"command",
"command#English"
],
[
"do",
"do"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, added after the stem form of a verb) indicates an imperative statement or command: do"
],
"raw_tags": [
"added after the stem form of a verb"
],
"tags": [
"-na",
"informal",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[na̠]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "kudasai",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"くだ"
]
],
"word": "下さい"
},
{
"roman": "chōdai",
"ruby": [
[
"頂",
"ちょう"
],
[
"戴",
"だい"
]
],
"word": "頂戴"
},
{
"roman": "nasai",
"word": "なさい"
}
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese nouns",
"Old Japanese pronouns",
"Pages with 2 entries"
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"名",
"字",
"菜",
"汝",
"無",
"七",
"那",
"南",
"奈",
"娜",
"懦"
],
"senses": [
{
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[na̠]"
}
],
"word": "な"
}
Download raw JSONL data for な meaning in Japanese (13.4kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"な"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "syllable",
"title": "な",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"な"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "interjection",
"title": "な",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"な"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "particle",
"title": "な",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"な"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "particle",
"title": "な",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"な"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "particle",
"title": "な",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"な"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "な",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.