See shut in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for shut meaning in English (38.6kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut away"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut down"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut in"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut off"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut out"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "beshut"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "outshut"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shutdown"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut-down"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut-eye"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut-in"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shuttle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shutout"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut-out"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shutter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cut-and-shut"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "open-and-shut"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut it"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut my mouth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut one's eyes"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut one's eyes and think of England"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut one's eyes to"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut one's face"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut one's gob"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut one's head"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut one's mouth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut one's trap"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut the box"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut the door"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut the door on"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut the fridge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut the front door"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut up shop"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut your face"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut your mouth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shut your trap"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kewd-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "shutten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English shutten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "shetten"
},
"expansion": "shetten",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "scyttan",
"4": "",
"5": "to cause rapid movement, shoot a bolt, shut, bolt"
},
"expansion": "Old English scyttan (“to cause rapid movement, shoot a bolt, shut, bolt”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skutjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skutjaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skuttijaną",
"3": "",
"4": "to bar, bolt"
},
"expansion": "*skuttijaną (“to bar, bolt”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skuttą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skuttą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skuttjō",
"3": "",
"4": "bar, bolt, shed"
},
"expansion": "*skuttjō (“bar, bolt, shed”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kewd-",
"4": "",
"5": "to drive, fall upon, rush"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewd- (“to drive, fall upon, rush”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schutten",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut in, lock up"
},
"expansion": "Dutch schutten (“to shut in, lock up”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "schütten",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut, lock in"
},
"expansion": "Low German schütten (“to shut, lock in”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "schützen",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut out, dam, protect, guard"
},
"expansion": "German schützen (“to shut out, dam, protect, guard”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English shutten, shetten, from Old English scyttan (“to cause rapid movement, shoot a bolt, shut, bolt”), from Proto-Germanic *skutjaną, *skuttijaną (“to bar, bolt”), from Proto-Germanic *skuttą, *skuttjō (“bar, bolt, shed”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewd- (“to drive, fall upon, rush”).\nCognate with Dutch schutten (“to shut in, lock up”), Low German schütten (“to shut, lock in”), German schützen (“to shut out, dam, protect, guard”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shuts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "shutting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "shut",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shut",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shutten",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"obsolete",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "shuts",
"2": "shutting",
"3": "shut",
"past_ptc2": "shutten",
"past_ptc2_qual": "obsolete, dialectal"
},
"expansion": "shut (third-person singular simple present shuts, present participle shutting, simple past shut, past participle shut or (obsolete, dialectal) shutten)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Please shut the door.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The light was so bright I had to shut my eyes.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To close, to stop from being open."
],
"id": "en-shut-en-verb-AM~LT6Ia",
"links": [
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
],
[
"open",
"open"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To close, to stop from being open."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "close"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "If you wait too long, the automatic door will shut.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To close, to stop being open."
],
"id": "en-shut-en-verb-RhVK-Mhf",
"links": [
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To close, to stop being open."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "close"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "27 39 19 3 11 0 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "inḡalaqa",
"sense": "(intransitive) to close, to stop being open",
"word": "اِنْغَلَقَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 39 19 3 11 0 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zatvarjam se",
"sense": "(intransitive) to close, to stop being open",
"word": "затварям се"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 39 19 3 11 0 1",
"alt": "しまる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shimaru",
"sense": "(intransitive) to close, to stop being open",
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"word": "閉まる"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 9 1 1 15 15 2 0 11 1 16 13 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 6 6 10 13 7 1 11 5 11 8 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Regional English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The pharmacy is shut on Sunday.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To close (a business) temporarily."
],
"id": "en-shut-en-verb-N6j9~OBV",
"links": [
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"business",
"business"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive or intransitive, chiefly British) To close (a business) temporarily."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I shut the cat in the kitchen before going out.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To confine in an enclosed area."
],
"id": "en-shut-en-verb-PBiT~8vx",
"links": [
[
"confine",
"confine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To confine in an enclosed area."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 1 17 17 1 0 10 1 17 15 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 9 1 1 15 15 2 0 11 1 16 13 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 6 6 10 13 7 1 11 5 11 8 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Regional English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To isolate, to close off from the world."
],
"id": "en-shut-en-verb-hYzsVj9-",
"links": [
[
"isolate",
"isolate"
],
[
"close off",
"close off"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To isolate, to close off from the world."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 1 17 17 1 0 10 1 17 15 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 9 1 1 15 15 2 0 11 1 16 13 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He's just gone and shut his finger in the door!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To catch or snag in the act of shutting something."
],
"id": "en-shut-en-verb-azIwIlIJ",
"links": [
[
"catch",
"catch"
],
[
"snag",
"snag"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To catch or snag in the act of shutting something."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 1 17 17 1 0 10 1 17 15 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 9 1 1 15 15 2 0 11 1 16 13 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To preclude, exclude."
],
"id": "en-shut-en-verb-~MOuTDOz",
"links": [
[
"preclude",
"preclude"
],
[
"exclude",
"exclude"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To preclude, exclude."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "shut out"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃʌt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃʊt/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛt/",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌt"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-shut.ogg/En-us-shut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-shut.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "shŭt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "sluit"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "toemaak"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "mbyll"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔaḡlaqa",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "أَغْلَقَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "qafal",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "قفل"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pʿakel",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "փակել"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "zopüa",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "জপোৱা"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "muda",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "মুদা"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "bondho kora",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "বন্ধ কৰা"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "zarrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "cerrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "qapamaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "bağlamaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "örtmək"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "začynjácʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "зачыня́ць"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "začynícʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зачыні́ць"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "bondho kora",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "বন্ধ করা"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zatvárjam",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "затва́рям"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "pit",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "ပိတ်"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "asduhvsga",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "ᎠᏍᏚᎲᏍᎦ"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "關"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "gwaan¹",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "关"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "關"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "guān",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "关"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "閉"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bì",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "闭"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "關閉"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "guānbì",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "关闭"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zavřít"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "dlm",
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "seruar"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "lukke"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "sluiten"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "dichtklappen"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "fermi"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "sulgema"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "sulkea"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "fermer"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "sierâ"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "pechar"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "daxurva",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "დახურვა"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "schließen"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "zumachen"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kleíno",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "κλείνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kleíō",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "κλείω"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "fèmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "sagár",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "סָגַר"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "band karnā",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "बंद करना"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "becsuk"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "loka"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "menutup"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "menyumpal"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "membungkam"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "dún"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "iaigh"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "chiudere"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "serrare"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"alt": "しめる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shimeru",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "閉める"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"alt": "とじる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tojiru",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "閉じる"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "jabu",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "жабу"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "bət",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "បិទ"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "datda",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "닫다"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "daxistin",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "داخستن"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "daxistin"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "daêxistin"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "girtin"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "jabuu",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "жабуу"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "bekitüü",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "бекитүү"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "ʼat",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "ອັດ"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "claudō"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "aizvērt"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "uždaryti"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "lmo",
"lang": "Lombard",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "sarà"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "sluten"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "slüten"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "tomaken"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "tomoken"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "dichtmaken"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "dichtmoken"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zátvori",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "за́твори"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "menutup"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "għalaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "mi",
"english": "the eyes",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "kupi"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "with a lid or cover",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "kōpani"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "mi",
"english": "a door or window",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "tō"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "mi",
"english": "the mouth whilst eating",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "kamu"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "mi",
"english": "a machine or equipment",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "whakaweto"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "of applications, business etc",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "kati"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "mi",
"english": "the eyes",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "kiwa"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "xaax",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "хаах"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "banda garnu",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "बन्द गर्नु"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "stenge"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "scyttan"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "kapamak",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "قاپامق"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "ota",
"english": "the eyes or mouth",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yummak",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "یوممق"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bastan",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "بستن"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zamykać"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zamknąć"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "fechar"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "serrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "sarar"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zakryvátʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "закрыва́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zakrýtʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "закры́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "dùin"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"perfective"
],
"word": "затворити"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"perfective"
],
"word": "zatvoriti"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "chiùdiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "si",
"lang": "Sinhalese",
"roman": "wahanawā",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "වහනවා"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zavrieť"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "zapreti"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "cerrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "stänga"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "bastan",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "бастан"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "püšidan",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "пӯшидан"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "mūyu",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "మూయు"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "ngáp",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "งับ"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "hùp",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "หุบ"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bpìt",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "ปิด"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "tpi",
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "pasim"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "kapatmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "ýapmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "örtmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "uga",
"lang": "Ugaritic",
"roman": "sgr",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "𐎒𐎂𐎗"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "začynjáty",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "зачиня́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "začynýty",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зачини́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zakryváty",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "закрива́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zakrýty",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "закри́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "band karnā",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "بند کرنا"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "bekitmoq"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "yopmoq"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "serar"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "sarar"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "đóng"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "cau"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "shlisn",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "שליסן"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 20 25 7 17 3 5",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "farmakhn",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "פֿאַרמאַכן"
}
],
"word": "shut"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "every shut eye isn't asleep"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "keep one's mouth shut"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "open and shut"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "open and shut case"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "with one's eyes shut"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kewd-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "shutten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English shutten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "shetten"
},
"expansion": "shetten",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "scyttan",
"4": "",
"5": "to cause rapid movement, shoot a bolt, shut, bolt"
},
"expansion": "Old English scyttan (“to cause rapid movement, shoot a bolt, shut, bolt”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skutjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skutjaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skuttijaną",
"3": "",
"4": "to bar, bolt"
},
"expansion": "*skuttijaną (“to bar, bolt”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skuttą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skuttą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skuttjō",
"3": "",
"4": "bar, bolt, shed"
},
"expansion": "*skuttjō (“bar, bolt, shed”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kewd-",
"4": "",
"5": "to drive, fall upon, rush"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewd- (“to drive, fall upon, rush”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schutten",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut in, lock up"
},
"expansion": "Dutch schutten (“to shut in, lock up”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "schütten",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut, lock in"
},
"expansion": "Low German schütten (“to shut, lock in”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "schützen",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut out, dam, protect, guard"
},
"expansion": "German schützen (“to shut out, dam, protect, guard”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English shutten, shetten, from Old English scyttan (“to cause rapid movement, shoot a bolt, shut, bolt”), from Proto-Germanic *skutjaną, *skuttijaną (“to bar, bolt”), from Proto-Germanic *skuttą, *skuttjō (“bar, bolt, shed”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewd- (“to drive, fall upon, rush”).\nCognate with Dutch schutten (“to shut in, lock up”), Low German schütten (“to shut, lock in”), German schützen (“to shut out, dam, protect, guard”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "shut (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "A shut door barred our way into the house.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Closed; not open."
],
"id": "en-shut-en-adj-X4NXGemd",
"links": [
[
"Closed",
"closed"
],
[
"open",
"open"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "closed"
}
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "en:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Phonetics",
"orig": "en:Phonetics",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1810, Benjamin Humphrey Smart, A practical grammar of English pronunciation, page 344",
"text": "Whenever a syllable is formed with a long, that is an open vowel, they account the syllable long; and whenever formed with a short, that is a shut vowel, they reckon it short.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of close"
],
"id": "en-shut-en-adj-XWz6R9a3",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"phonetics",
"phonetics"
],
[
"close",
"close#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics, phonetics, archaic) Synonym of close"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "close"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃʌt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃʊt/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛt/",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌt"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-shut.ogg/En-us-shut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-shut.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "shŭt"
}
],
"word": "shut"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cold shut"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kewd-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "shutten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English shutten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "shetten"
},
"expansion": "shetten",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "scyttan",
"4": "",
"5": "to cause rapid movement, shoot a bolt, shut, bolt"
},
"expansion": "Old English scyttan (“to cause rapid movement, shoot a bolt, shut, bolt”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skutjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skutjaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skuttijaną",
"3": "",
"4": "to bar, bolt"
},
"expansion": "*skuttijaną (“to bar, bolt”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skuttą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skuttą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skuttjō",
"3": "",
"4": "bar, bolt, shed"
},
"expansion": "*skuttjō (“bar, bolt, shed”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kewd-",
"4": "",
"5": "to drive, fall upon, rush"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewd- (“to drive, fall upon, rush”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schutten",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut in, lock up"
},
"expansion": "Dutch schutten (“to shut in, lock up”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "schütten",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut, lock in"
},
"expansion": "Low German schütten (“to shut, lock in”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "schützen",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut out, dam, protect, guard"
},
"expansion": "German schützen (“to shut out, dam, protect, guard”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English shutten, shetten, from Old English scyttan (“to cause rapid movement, shoot a bolt, shut, bolt”), from Proto-Germanic *skutjaną, *skuttijaną (“to bar, bolt”), from Proto-Germanic *skuttą, *skuttjō (“bar, bolt, shed”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewd- (“to drive, fall upon, rush”).\nCognate with Dutch schutten (“to shut in, lock up”), Low German schütten (“to shut, lock in”), German schützen (“to shut out, dam, protect, guard”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shuts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shut (plural shuts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the shut of a door",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The act or time of shutting; close."
],
"id": "en-shut-en-noun-rn-28Ps~",
"links": [
[
"close",
"close"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A door or cover; a shutter."
],
"id": "en-shut-en-noun-SPLcTkuo",
"links": [
[
"door",
"door"
],
[
"cover",
"cover"
],
[
"shutter",
"shutter"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 1 17 17 1 0 10 1 17 15 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 9 1 1 15 15 2 0 11 1 16 13 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The line or place where two pieces of metal are welded together."
],
"id": "en-shut-en-noun-7VJtPcvg",
"links": [
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"place",
"place"
],
[
"metal",
"metal"
],
[
"weld",
"weld"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃʌt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃʊt/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛt/",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌt"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-shut.ogg/En-us-shut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-shut.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "shŭt"
}
],
"word": "shut"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chute"
},
"expansion": "chute",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shute"
},
"expansion": "shute",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shoot"
},
"expansion": "shoot",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "scēotan"
},
"expansion": "Old English scēotan",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Variation of chute or shute (archaic, related to shoot) from Old English scēotan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shuts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shut (plural shuts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Shropshire English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 1 17 17 1 0 10 1 17 15 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 9 1 1 15 15 2 0 11 1 16 13 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 6 6 10 13 7 1 11 5 11 8 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Regional English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A narrow alley or passage acting as a short cut through the buildings between two streets."
],
"id": "en-shut-en-noun-Z1yoAcl7",
"links": [
[
"alley",
"alleyway"
],
[
"passage",
"passageway"
],
[
"short cut",
"short cut"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, Shropshire dialect) A narrow alley or passage acting as a short cut through the buildings between two streets."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "alleyway",
"word": "alley"
}
],
"tags": [
"British",
"Shropshire",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃʌt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃʊt/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛt/",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌt"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-shut.ogg/En-us-shut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-shut.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "shŭt"
}
],
"word": "shut"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English ergative verbs",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kewd-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with /ʌ~ʊ/ for Old English /y/",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English verbs",
"Regional English",
"Rhymes:English/ʌt",
"Rhymes:English/ʌt/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "shut away"
},
{
"word": "shut down"
},
{
"word": "shut in"
},
{
"word": "shut off"
},
{
"word": "shut out"
},
{
"word": "shut up"
},
{
"word": "beshut"
},
{
"word": "outshut"
},
{
"word": "shutdown"
},
{
"word": "shut-down"
},
{
"word": "shut-eye"
},
{
"word": "shut-in"
},
{
"word": "shuttle"
},
{
"word": "shutout"
},
{
"word": "shut-out"
},
{
"word": "shutter"
},
{
"word": "cut-and-shut"
},
{
"word": "open-and-shut"
},
{
"word": "shut it"
},
{
"word": "shut my mouth"
},
{
"word": "shut one's eyes"
},
{
"word": "shut one's eyes and think of England"
},
{
"word": "shut one's eyes to"
},
{
"word": "shut one's face"
},
{
"word": "shut one's gob"
},
{
"word": "shut one's head"
},
{
"word": "shut one's mouth"
},
{
"word": "shut one's trap"
},
{
"word": "shut the box"
},
{
"word": "shut the door"
},
{
"word": "shut the door on"
},
{
"word": "shut the fridge"
},
{
"word": "shut the front door"
},
{
"word": "shut up shop"
},
{
"word": "shut your face"
},
{
"word": "shut your mouth"
},
{
"word": "shut your trap"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kewd-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "shutten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English shutten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "shetten"
},
"expansion": "shetten",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "scyttan",
"4": "",
"5": "to cause rapid movement, shoot a bolt, shut, bolt"
},
"expansion": "Old English scyttan (“to cause rapid movement, shoot a bolt, shut, bolt”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skutjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skutjaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skuttijaną",
"3": "",
"4": "to bar, bolt"
},
"expansion": "*skuttijaną (“to bar, bolt”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skuttą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skuttą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skuttjō",
"3": "",
"4": "bar, bolt, shed"
},
"expansion": "*skuttjō (“bar, bolt, shed”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kewd-",
"4": "",
"5": "to drive, fall upon, rush"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewd- (“to drive, fall upon, rush”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schutten",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut in, lock up"
},
"expansion": "Dutch schutten (“to shut in, lock up”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "schütten",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut, lock in"
},
"expansion": "Low German schütten (“to shut, lock in”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "schützen",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut out, dam, protect, guard"
},
"expansion": "German schützen (“to shut out, dam, protect, guard”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English shutten, shetten, from Old English scyttan (“to cause rapid movement, shoot a bolt, shut, bolt”), from Proto-Germanic *skutjaną, *skuttijaną (“to bar, bolt”), from Proto-Germanic *skuttą, *skuttjō (“bar, bolt, shed”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewd- (“to drive, fall upon, rush”).\nCognate with Dutch schutten (“to shut in, lock up”), Low German schütten (“to shut, lock in”), German schützen (“to shut out, dam, protect, guard”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shuts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "shutting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "shut",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shut",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shutten",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"obsolete",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "shuts",
"2": "shutting",
"3": "shut",
"past_ptc2": "shutten",
"past_ptc2_qual": "obsolete, dialectal"
},
"expansion": "shut (third-person singular simple present shuts, present participle shutting, simple past shut, past participle shut or (obsolete, dialectal) shutten)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Please shut the door.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The light was so bright I had to shut my eyes.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To close, to stop from being open."
],
"links": [
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
],
[
"open",
"open"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To close, to stop from being open."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "close"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "If you wait too long, the automatic door will shut.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To close, to stop being open."
],
"links": [
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To close, to stop being open."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "close"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The pharmacy is shut on Sunday.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To close (a business) temporarily."
],
"links": [
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"business",
"business"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive or intransitive, chiefly British) To close (a business) temporarily."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I shut the cat in the kitchen before going out.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To confine in an enclosed area."
],
"links": [
[
"confine",
"confine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To confine in an enclosed area."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To isolate, to close off from the world."
],
"links": [
[
"isolate",
"isolate"
],
[
"close off",
"close off"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To isolate, to close off from the world."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He's just gone and shut his finger in the door!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To catch or snag in the act of shutting something."
],
"links": [
[
"catch",
"catch"
],
[
"snag",
"snag"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To catch or snag in the act of shutting something."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To preclude, exclude."
],
"links": [
[
"preclude",
"preclude"
],
[
"exclude",
"exclude"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To preclude, exclude."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "shut out"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃʌt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃʊt/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛt/",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌt"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-shut.ogg/En-us-shut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-shut.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "shŭt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "sluit"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "toemaak"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "mbyll"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔaḡlaqa",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "أَغْلَقَ"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "qafal",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "قفل"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pʿakel",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "փակել"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "zopüa",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "জপোৱা"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "muda",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "মুদা"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "bondho kora",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "বন্ধ কৰা"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "zarrar"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "cerrar"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "qapamaq"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "bağlamaq"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "örtmək"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "začynjácʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "зачыня́ць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "začynícʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зачыні́ць"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "bondho kora",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "বন্ধ করা"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zatvárjam",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "затва́рям"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "pit",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "ပိတ်"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "asduhvsga",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "ᎠᏍᏚᎲᏍᎦ"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "關"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "gwaan¹",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "关"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "關"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "guān",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "关"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "閉"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bì",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "闭"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "關閉"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "guānbì",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "关闭"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zavřít"
},
{
"code": "dlm",
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "seruar"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "lukke"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "sluiten"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "dichtklappen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "fermi"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "sulgema"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "sulkea"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "fermer"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "sierâ"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "pechar"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "daxurva",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "დახურვა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "schließen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "zumachen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kleíno",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "κλείνω"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kleíō",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "κλείω"
},
{
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "fèmen"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "sagár",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "סָגַר"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "band karnā",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "बंद करना"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "becsuk"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "loka"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "menutup"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "menyumpal"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "membungkam"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "dún"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "iaigh"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "chiudere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "serrare"
},
{
"alt": "しめる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shimeru",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "閉める"
},
{
"alt": "とじる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tojiru",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "閉じる"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "jabu",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "жабу"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "bət",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "បិទ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "datda",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "닫다"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "daxistin",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "داخستن"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "daxistin"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "daêxistin"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "girtin"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "jabuu",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "жабуу"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "bekitüü",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "бекитүү"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "ʼat",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "ອັດ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "claudō"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "aizvērt"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "uždaryti"
},
{
"code": "lmo",
"lang": "Lombard",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "sarà"
},
{
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "sluten"
},
{
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "slüten"
},
{
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "tomaken"
},
{
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "tomoken"
},
{
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "dichtmaken"
},
{
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "dichtmoken"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zátvori",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "за́твори"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "menutup"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "għalaq"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "the eyes",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "kupi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "with a lid or cover",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "kōpani"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "a door or window",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "tō"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "the mouth whilst eating",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "kamu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "a machine or equipment",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "whakaweto"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "of applications, business etc",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "kati"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "the eyes",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "kiwa"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "xaax",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "хаах"
},
{
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "banda garnu",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "बन्द गर्नु"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "stenge"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "scyttan"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "kapamak",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "قاپامق"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"english": "the eyes or mouth",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yummak",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "یوممق"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bastan",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "بستن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zamykać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zamknąć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "fechar"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "serrar"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "sarar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zakryvátʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "закрыва́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zakrýtʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "закры́ть"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "dùin"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"perfective"
],
"word": "затворити"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"perfective"
],
"word": "zatvoriti"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "chiùdiri"
},
{
"code": "si",
"lang": "Sinhalese",
"roman": "wahanawā",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "වහනවා"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zavrieť"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "zapreti"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "cerrar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "stänga"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "bastan",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "бастан"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "püšidan",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "пӯшидан"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "mūyu",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "మూయు"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "ngáp",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "งับ"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "hùp",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "หุบ"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bpìt",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "ปิด"
},
{
"code": "tpi",
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "pasim"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "kapatmak"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "ýapmak"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "örtmek"
},
{
"code": "uga",
"lang": "Ugaritic",
"roman": "sgr",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "𐎒𐎂𐎗"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "začynjáty",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "зачиня́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "začynýty",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зачини́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zakryváty",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "закрива́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zakrýty",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "закри́ти"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "band karnā",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "بند کرنا"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "bekitmoq"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "yopmoq"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "serar"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "sarar"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "đóng"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "cau"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "shlisn",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "שליסן"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "farmakhn",
"sense": "(transitive) to close",
"word": "פֿאַרמאַכן"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "inḡalaqa",
"sense": "(intransitive) to close, to stop being open",
"word": "اِنْغَلَقَ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zatvarjam se",
"sense": "(intransitive) to close, to stop being open",
"word": "затварям се"
},
{
"alt": "しまる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shimaru",
"sense": "(intransitive) to close, to stop being open",
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"word": "閉まる"
}
],
"word": "shut"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English ergative verbs",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kewd-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with /ʌ~ʊ/ for Old English /y/",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English verbs",
"Regional English",
"Rhymes:English/ʌt",
"Rhymes:English/ʌt/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "every shut eye isn't asleep"
},
{
"word": "keep one's mouth shut"
},
{
"word": "open and shut"
},
{
"word": "open and shut case"
},
{
"word": "with one's eyes shut"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kewd-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "shutten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English shutten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "shetten"
},
"expansion": "shetten",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "scyttan",
"4": "",
"5": "to cause rapid movement, shoot a bolt, shut, bolt"
},
"expansion": "Old English scyttan (“to cause rapid movement, shoot a bolt, shut, bolt”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skutjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skutjaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skuttijaną",
"3": "",
"4": "to bar, bolt"
},
"expansion": "*skuttijaną (“to bar, bolt”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skuttą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skuttą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skuttjō",
"3": "",
"4": "bar, bolt, shed"
},
"expansion": "*skuttjō (“bar, bolt, shed”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kewd-",
"4": "",
"5": "to drive, fall upon, rush"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewd- (“to drive, fall upon, rush”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schutten",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut in, lock up"
},
"expansion": "Dutch schutten (“to shut in, lock up”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "schütten",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut, lock in"
},
"expansion": "Low German schütten (“to shut, lock in”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "schützen",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut out, dam, protect, guard"
},
"expansion": "German schützen (“to shut out, dam, protect, guard”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English shutten, shetten, from Old English scyttan (“to cause rapid movement, shoot a bolt, shut, bolt”), from Proto-Germanic *skutjaną, *skuttijaną (“to bar, bolt”), from Proto-Germanic *skuttą, *skuttjō (“bar, bolt, shed”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewd- (“to drive, fall upon, rush”).\nCognate with Dutch schutten (“to shut in, lock up”), Low German schütten (“to shut, lock in”), German schützen (“to shut out, dam, protect, guard”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "shut (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "A shut door barred our way into the house.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Closed; not open."
],
"links": [
[
"Closed",
"closed"
],
[
"open",
"open"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "closed"
}
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Linguistics",
"en:Phonetics"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1810, Benjamin Humphrey Smart, A practical grammar of English pronunciation, page 344",
"text": "Whenever a syllable is formed with a long, that is an open vowel, they account the syllable long; and whenever formed with a short, that is a shut vowel, they reckon it short.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of close"
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"phonetics",
"phonetics"
],
[
"close",
"close#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics, phonetics, archaic) Synonym of close"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "close"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃʌt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃʊt/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛt/",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌt"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-shut.ogg/En-us-shut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-shut.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "shŭt"
}
],
"word": "shut"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English ergative verbs",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kewd-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with /ʌ~ʊ/ for Old English /y/",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English verbs",
"Regional English",
"Rhymes:English/ʌt",
"Rhymes:English/ʌt/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cold shut"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kewd-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "shutten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English shutten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "shetten"
},
"expansion": "shetten",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "scyttan",
"4": "",
"5": "to cause rapid movement, shoot a bolt, shut, bolt"
},
"expansion": "Old English scyttan (“to cause rapid movement, shoot a bolt, shut, bolt”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skutjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skutjaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skuttijaną",
"3": "",
"4": "to bar, bolt"
},
"expansion": "*skuttijaną (“to bar, bolt”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skuttą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skuttą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skuttjō",
"3": "",
"4": "bar, bolt, shed"
},
"expansion": "*skuttjō (“bar, bolt, shed”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kewd-",
"4": "",
"5": "to drive, fall upon, rush"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewd- (“to drive, fall upon, rush”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schutten",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut in, lock up"
},
"expansion": "Dutch schutten (“to shut in, lock up”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "schütten",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut, lock in"
},
"expansion": "Low German schütten (“to shut, lock in”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "schützen",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut out, dam, protect, guard"
},
"expansion": "German schützen (“to shut out, dam, protect, guard”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English shutten, shetten, from Old English scyttan (“to cause rapid movement, shoot a bolt, shut, bolt”), from Proto-Germanic *skutjaną, *skuttijaną (“to bar, bolt”), from Proto-Germanic *skuttą, *skuttjō (“bar, bolt, shed”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewd- (“to drive, fall upon, rush”).\nCognate with Dutch schutten (“to shut in, lock up”), Low German schütten (“to shut, lock in”), German schützen (“to shut out, dam, protect, guard”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shuts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shut (plural shuts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the shut of a door",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The act or time of shutting; close."
],
"links": [
[
"close",
"close"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A door or cover; a shutter."
],
"links": [
[
"door",
"door"
],
[
"cover",
"cover"
],
[
"shutter",
"shutter"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The line or place where two pieces of metal are welded together."
],
"links": [
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"place",
"place"
],
[
"metal",
"metal"
],
[
"weld",
"weld"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃʌt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃʊt/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛt/",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌt"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-shut.ogg/En-us-shut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-shut.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "shŭt"
}
],
"word": "shut"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English ergative verbs",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with /ʌ~ʊ/ for Old English /y/",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Regional English",
"Rhymes:English/ʌt",
"Rhymes:English/ʌt/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chute"
},
"expansion": "chute",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shute"
},
"expansion": "shute",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shoot"
},
"expansion": "shoot",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "scēotan"
},
"expansion": "Old English scēotan",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Variation of chute or shute (archaic, related to shoot) from Old English scēotan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shuts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shut (plural shuts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English dialectal terms",
"Shropshire English"
],
"glosses": [
"A narrow alley or passage acting as a short cut through the buildings between two streets."
],
"links": [
[
"alley",
"alleyway"
],
[
"passage",
"passageway"
],
[
"short cut",
"short cut"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, Shropshire dialect) A narrow alley or passage acting as a short cut through the buildings between two streets."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"Shropshire",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃʌt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃʊt/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛt/",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌt"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-shut.ogg/En-us-shut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-shut.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "shŭt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "alleyway",
"word": "alley"
}
],
"word": "shut"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.