See ruin on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ruin meaning in All languages combined (68.6kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "blue ruin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gambler's ruin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mother's ruin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rack and ruin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ruin of the year"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ruin pub"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ruin-restoration creationism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ruin theory"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ruin value"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wrack and ruin"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "ruyne"
},
"expansion": "Middle English ruyne",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ruine"
},
"expansion": "ruine",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "ruine"
},
"expansion": "Old French ruine",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "ruīna",
"4": "",
"5": "overthrow, ruin"
},
"expansion": "Latin ruīna (“overthrow, ruin”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ruō",
"3": "",
"4": "I fall down, tumble, sink in ruin, rush"
},
"expansion": "ruō (“I fall down, tumble, sink in ruin, rush”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English ruyne, ruine, from Old French ruine, from Latin ruīna (“overthrow, ruin”), from ruō (“I fall down, tumble, sink in ruin, rush”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruins",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "ruin (countable and uncountable, plural ruins)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1812, Joseph Stevens Buckminster, sermon",
"text": "The labour of a day will not build up a virtuous habit on the ruins of an old and vicious character.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Eden Prime",
"text": "Dr. Manuel: No one is saved. The age of humanity is ended. Soon, only ruin and corpses will remain.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The remains of a destroyed or dilapidated construction, such as a house or castle."
],
"id": "en-ruin-en-noun-EhTksL4c",
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, sometimes in the plural) The remains of a destroyed or dilapidated construction, such as a house or castle."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"in-plural",
"sometimes"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gërmadhë"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵarāb",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "خَرَاب"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵarāba",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "خَرَابَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭalal",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "طَلَل"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "averak",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "ավերակ"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pʿlatak",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "փլատակ"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruina"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "xaraba"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "viranə"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "ruína",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "руі́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "razválina",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "разва́ліна"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "shi",
"lang": "Berber Tashelhit",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "iɣrman (ighrman)"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ruína",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "руи́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razválina",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "разва́лина"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "ruïna"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "遺址"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yízhǐ",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "遗址"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "廢墟"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fèixū",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "废墟"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zřícenina"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruina"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rozvalina"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ruin"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruïne"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bouwval"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "puinhoop"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "ruino"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "vare"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "raunio"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruine"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruvine"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "nangrevi",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "ნანგრევი"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ruine"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ereípio",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ερείπιο"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ereípion",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ἐρείπιον"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "khorbá",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "חָרְבָּה"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "khãḍhar",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "खँडहर"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "khaṇḍhar",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "खंडहर"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bhagnāvśeṣ",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "भग्नावशेष"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "rom"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "roncs"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "omladék"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rúst"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "puing"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "raunio"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rovina"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"alt": "はいきょ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "haikyo",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "廃墟"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"alt": "いせき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "iseki",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "遺跡"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "qūlandy",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "құланды"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"alt": "廢墟",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "pyeheo",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "폐허"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"alt": "遺蹟",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yujeok",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "유적"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "şwênewar",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "شوێنەوار"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kavil"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "wêrane"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "xerabe"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "urandı",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "уранды"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruīna"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "drupas"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "griuvėsiai"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rušévina",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "руше́вина"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "urnátina",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "урна́тина"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "čavkárnica",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "чавка́рница"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "puing"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "runtuhan"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "ruhatanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "kitsʼiilí"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruin"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruin"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "roïna"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "harab",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "خراب"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "virâne",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "ویرانه"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xarâb",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "خراب"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xarâbe",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "خرابه"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruina"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruína"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "khaṇḍar",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ਖੰਡਰ"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "ḍhāṭh",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ਢਾਠ"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruină"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruina"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "ruegna"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "ruigna"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ruína",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "руи́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razválina",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "разва́лина"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "arruinu"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "orroghina"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "roghina"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tobhta"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruševina"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "podor"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "podorina"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "razvalina"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "provalina"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "razval"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "razvala"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruvina"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruina"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rozvalina"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruševina"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruina"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "gofu"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ruin"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "gapo"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "bunlag"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "dimna",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "димна"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "xaroba",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "хароба"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "vayrona",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "вайрона"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "gyang ro",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "གྱང་རོ"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "g.yag gog",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "གཡག་གོག"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "kalıntı"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "harabe"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "ören"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "yıkıntı"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "virane"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "haraba"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rujína",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "руї́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozvályna",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "розва́лина"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "xarabe",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "خارابە"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "xaroba"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "roina"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rovina"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruina"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "adfail"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 10 3 2 6 3 4",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "Ruïne"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 17 2 1 1 6 10 17 15 2 8 2 5 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The monastery has fallen into ruin.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed."
],
"id": "en-ruin-en-noun-MXNqyiu7",
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) The state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razrúha",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "разру́ха"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "verval"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "puin"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "rappio"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruine"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ruin"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "loigós",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λοιγός"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "vināś",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "विनाश"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "nāś",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "नाश"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "rom"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "scrios"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rovina"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"alt": "かいめつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kaimetsu",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "潰滅"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"alt": "ほうかい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hōkai",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "崩壊"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruīna"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "nāśaṁ",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "നാശം"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "ruhatanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruin"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruin"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hryre"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "harab",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "خراب"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruína"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruină"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razrúxa",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "разру́ха"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "nāśa",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "नाश"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "creach"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruina"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ruin"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "pagkagapo"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "hư hại"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 90 1 0 1 2 3",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "adfeiliad"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Gambling has been the ruin of many.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something that leads to serious trouble or destruction."
],
"id": "en-ruin-en-noun-h4SG9m7-",
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Something that leads to serious trouble or destruction."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 5 78 2 4 3 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krah",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "крах"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 78 2 4 3 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "provál",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "прова́л"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 78 2 4 3 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"word": "turmio"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 78 2 4 3 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruine"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 78 2 4 3 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ruin"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 78 2 4 3 5",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "vināś",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "विनाश"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 78 2 4 3 5",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "nāś",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "नाश"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 78 2 4 3 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rovina"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 78 2 4 3 5",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruin"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 78 2 4 3 5",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruin"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 78 2 4 3 5",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hryre"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 78 2 4 3 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruína"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 78 2 4 3 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruină"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 78 2 4 3 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krax",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "крах"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 78 2 4 3 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krušénije",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "круше́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 78 2 4 3 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razorénije",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разоре́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 78 2 4 3 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gíbelʹ",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ги́бель"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 78 2 4 3 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "provál",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "прова́л"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 78 2 4 3 5",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "creach"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 78 2 4 3 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruina"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The act of ruining something."
],
"id": "en-ruin-en-noun-rN2t2FHy",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A fall or tumble."
],
"id": "en-ruin-en-noun-GFoPXYgM",
"links": [
[
"fall",
"fall"
],
[
"tumble",
"tumble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A fall or tumble."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the ruin of a ship or an army; the ruin of a constitution or a government; the ruin of health or hopes",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1768, Thomas Gray, The Bard",
"text": "Ruin seize thee, ruthless king!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A change that destroys or defeats something; destruction; overthrow."
],
"id": "en-ruin-en-noun-5AIE-1CS",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 17 2 1 1 6 10 17 15 2 8 2 5 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Complete financial loss; bankruptcy."
],
"id": "en-ruin-en-noun-7Yc78cCo",
"links": [
[
"bankruptcy",
"bankruptcy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Complete financial loss; bankruptcy."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹuː.ɪn/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹuwɪn]",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːɪn"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-ruin.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/En-us-ruin.ogg/En-us-ruin.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/En-us-ruin.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "ruin"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "build"
},
{
"word": "construct"
},
{
"word": "found"
},
{
"word": "produce"
},
{
"word": "unruin"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "ruyne"
},
"expansion": "Middle English ruyne",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ruine"
},
"expansion": "ruine",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "ruine"
},
"expansion": "Old French ruine",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "ruīna",
"4": "",
"5": "overthrow, ruin"
},
"expansion": "Latin ruīna (“overthrow, ruin”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ruō",
"3": "",
"4": "I fall down, tumble, sink in ruin, rush"
},
"expansion": "ruō (“I fall down, tumble, sink in ruin, rush”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English ruyne, ruine, from Old French ruine, from Latin ruīna (“overthrow, ruin”), from ruō (“I fall down, tumble, sink in ruin, rush”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruins",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruining",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ruined",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ruined",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ruint",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"nonstandard",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ruint",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"nonstandard",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"past2": "ruint",
"past2_qual": "dialectal, nonstandard"
},
"expansion": "ruin (third-person singular simple present ruins, present participle ruining, simple past and past participle ruined or (dialectal, nonstandard) ruint)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ruination"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ruinable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ruiner"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ruinous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ruint"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 17 2 1 1 6 10 17 15 2 8 2 5 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "With all these purchases, you surely mean to ruin us!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause the fiscal ruin of; to bankrupt or drive out of business."
],
"id": "en-ruin-en-verb-9h~7QT1B",
"links": [
[
"bankrupt",
"bankrupt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cause the fiscal ruin of; to bankrupt or drive out of business."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "dammara",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "دَمَّرَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "korcanel",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "կործանել"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "çapmaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zniščácʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "знішча́ць"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "níščycʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ні́шчыць"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zníščycʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зні́шчыць"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "rujnavácʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "руйнава́ць"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zrujnavácʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зруйнава́ць"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "uništožávam",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "унищожа́вам"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "uništožá",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "унищожа́"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razorjávam",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разоря́вам"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razorjá",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разоря́"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "ayosdodi",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "ᎠᏲᏍᏙᏗ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "破壞"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pòhuài",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "破坏"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "毀"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huǐ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "毁"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ruinovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zruinovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "ruinere"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "ruïneren"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "raunioittaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "tuhota"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "tärvellä"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "pilata"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "ruiner"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ngreva",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "ნგრევა"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "ruinieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "auf die Knie zwingen"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "vernichten"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katastréfo",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "καταστρέφω"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "dafák",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "דָּפַק"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "פישל"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "pishél",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "פִשֵּׁל"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "harás",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "הָרַס"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "lerombol"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "tönkretesz"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "romba dönt"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"alt": "つぶす",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tsubusu",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "潰す"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"alt": "ほろぼす",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "horobosu",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "滅ぼす"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"alt": "だとうする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "datō suru",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "打倒する"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"alt": "はさんさせる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hasan saseru",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "破産させる"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "pamyeolsikida",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "파멸시키다"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "pasansikida",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "파산시키다"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "grauduot"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "populor"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "graut"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "griauti"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "úništi",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "у́ништи"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "whakapōhara"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rujnować"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zrujnować"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "arruinar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "strica"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razrušátʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разруша́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razrúšitʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разру́шить"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pórtitʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "по́ртить"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ispórtitʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "испо́ртить"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razorjátʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разоря́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razorítʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разори́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "creach"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ruinovať"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zruinovať"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "desbaratar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "arruinar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "ödelägga"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "sv",
"english": "financially",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "ruinera"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "mahvetmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "nýščyty",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ни́щити"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "znýščuvaty",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "зни́щувати"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "znýščyty",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зни́щити"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rujnuváty",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "руйнува́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zrujnuváty",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зруйнува́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 1 1 3 2",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "rwiner"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 17 2 1 1 6 10 17 15 2 8 2 5 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He ruined his new white slacks by accidentally spilling oil on them.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1857, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, The Golden Mile-Stone",
"text": "By the fireside there are old men seated, / Seeing ruined cities in the ashes.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To destroy or make something no longer usable."
],
"id": "en-ruin-en-verb--fEsx-k5",
"links": [
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"usable",
"usable"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razrušávam",
"sense": "to destroy",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разруша́вам"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razrušá",
"sense": "to destroy",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разруша́"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "uništožávam",
"sense": "to destroy",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "унищожа́вам"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "uništožá",
"sense": "to destroy",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "унищожа́"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "espatllar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "ayosdiha",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "ᎠᏲᏍᏗᎭ"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "破壞"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pòhuài",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "破坏"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "ødelægge"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "raunioittaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "abîmer"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to destroy",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "foutre en l’air"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to destroy",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "ruiner"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "massacrer"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "arruinar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "ruinieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "kaputtmachen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "vernichten"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "zerstören"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katastréfo",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "καταστρέφω"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "raisata"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "rovinare"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"alt": "ぶちこわす",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "buchikowasu",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "打ち壊す"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"alt": "はかいする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hakai suru",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "破壊する"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "mechamecha ni suru",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "めちゃめちゃにする"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "populor"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "úništi",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "у́ништи"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "naśippikkuka",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "നശിപ്പിക്കുക"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "whakapakaru"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "arroïnar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "bozmak",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "بوزمق"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yıkmak",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "ییقمق"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "arruinar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uničtožátʹ",
"sense": "to destroy",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "уничтожа́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uničtóžitʹ",
"sense": "to destroy",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "уничто́жить"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razrušátʹ",
"sense": "to destroy",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разруша́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razrúšitʹ",
"sense": "to destroy",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разру́шить"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "ruinar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "arruinar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "estropear"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 70 4 1 14 7 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "mahvetmek"
}
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "My car breaking down just as I was on the road ruined my vacation."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To upset or overturn the plans or progress of, or to have a disastrous effect on something."
],
"id": "en-ruin-en-verb-1MzQXFEM",
"links": [
[
"upset",
"upset"
],
[
"overturn",
"overturn"
],
[
"plans",
"plans"
],
[
"progress",
"progress"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "I used to love that song, but being assaulted when that song was playing ruined the song for me."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make something less enjoyable or likeable."
],
"id": "en-ruin-en-verb-hJgqzokd",
"links": [
[
"enjoyable",
"enjoyable"
],
[
"likeable",
"likeable"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To reveal the ending of (a story); to spoil."
],
"id": "en-ruin-en-verb-o5m1uM4l",
"links": [
[
"reveal",
"reveal"
],
[
"spoil",
"spoil"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razváljam",
"sense": "to spoil",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разва́лям"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razvaljá",
"sense": "to spoil",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разваля́"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "pilata"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "gâcher"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to spoil",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "foutre en l’air"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "plomber"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "ruiner"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "arruinar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "esbandallar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gapuč̣eba",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "გაფუჭება"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "ruinieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "verderben"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "kaputtmachen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "riurjan",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "phtheírō",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "φθείρω"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"alt": "つぶす",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tsubusu",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "潰す"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "dame ni suru",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "だめにする"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "mechamecha ni suru",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "めちゃめちゃにする"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "uprópasti",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "упро́пасти"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "naśippikkuka",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "നശിപ്പിക്കുക"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "frr",
"lang": "North Frisian",
"sense": "to spoil",
"tags": [
"Mooring"
],
"word": "ferdiirwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "bozmak",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "بوزمق"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "arruinar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "destruir"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "acabar com"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pórtitʹ",
"sense": "to spoil",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "по́ртить"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "isportitʹ",
"sense": "to spoil",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "испортить"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to spoil",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"perfective"
],
"word": "упропастити"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to spoil",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"perfective"
],
"word": "upropastiti"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "dar al traste"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 11 1 67 7 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "mahvetmek"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1636, George Sandys, Paraphrase upon the Psalmes and upon the Hymnes dispersed throughout the Old and New Testaments",
"text": "Though he his house of polisht marble build, / Yet shall it ruine like the Moth's fraile cell",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To fall into a state of decay."
],
"id": "en-ruin-en-verb-mVewrpoe",
"links": [
[
"decay",
"decay"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To fall into a state of decay."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 17 2 1 1 6 10 17 15 2 8 2 5 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The young libertine was notorious for ruining local girls."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To seduce or debauch, and thus harm the social standing of."
],
"id": "en-ruin-en-verb-AmI3U7N7",
"links": [
[
"seduce",
"seduce"
],
[
"debauch",
"debauch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, historical) To seduce or debauch, and thus harm the social standing of."
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹuː.ɪn/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹuwɪn]",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːɪn"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-ruin.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/En-us-ruin.ogg/En-us-ruin.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/En-us-ruin.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "destroy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fordo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ruinate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wreck"
}
],
"word": "ruin"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruina",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruino",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruinos",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruines",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"10": "ruinos",
"11": "feminine plural",
"12": "ruines",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "feminine singular",
"6": "ruina",
"7": "neuter singular",
"8": "ruino",
"9": "masculine plural",
"f2accel-form": "f|s",
"f3accel-form": "n",
"f4accel-form": "m|p",
"f5accel-form": "f|p",
"g": "m-s"
},
"expansion": "ruin m sg (feminine singular ruina, neuter singular ruino, masculine plural ruinos, feminine plural ruines)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ruin"
},
"expansion": "ruin m sg (feminine singular ruina, neuter singular ruino, masculine plural ruinos, feminine plural ruines)",
"name": "ast-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Asturian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"weedy"
],
"id": "en-ruin-ast-adj-0q50anzo",
"links": [
[
"weedy",
"weedy"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrwin/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈrwĩŋ]"
}
],
"word": "ruin"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "rûun"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch rûun",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "rûne"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German rûne",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "rūn"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German rūn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(H)rewH-",
"t": "to dig out, rip off"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(H)rewH- (“to dig out, rip off”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch rûun. Cognate with Middle Low German rûne, Middle High German rūn. Further origin unknown; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(H)rewH- (“to dig out, rip off”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruinen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruintje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "ruintje"
},
"expansion": "ruin m (plural ruinen, diminutive ruintje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ruin"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Horses",
"orig": "nl:Horses",
"parents": [
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Male animals",
"orig": "nl:Male animals",
"parents": [
"Animals",
"Male",
"Lifeforms",
"Gender",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"Fundamental",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Society"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "vosruin"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gelding (castrated male horse)"
],
"id": "en-ruin-nl-noun-Yh0KzGDo",
"links": [
[
"gelding",
"gelding"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "hengst"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/rœy̯n/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-œy̯n"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-ruin.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/Nl-ruin.ogg/Nl-ruin.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Nl-ruin.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "ruin"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "la",
"3": "ruina"
},
"expansion": "Latin ruina",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin ruina.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruinen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiner",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruinene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ruin (often in plural form when referring to buildings)"
],
"id": "en-ruin-nb-noun-2d-LyPWk",
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "ruin"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "la",
"3": "ruina"
},
"expansion": "Latin ruina",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin ruina.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruinen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruinar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruinane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ruin (often in plural form when referring to buildings)"
],
"id": "en-ruin-nn-noun-2d-LyPWk",
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "ruin"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ruin señor cría ruin servidor"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "",
"3": "*ruino"
},
"expansion": "*ruino",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "ruina"
},
"expansion": "ruina",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "",
"3": "*ruīnus"
},
"expansion": "*ruīnus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "ruīna"
},
"expansion": "Latin ruīna",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "ruim"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese ruim",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "roí"
},
"expansion": "Catalan roí",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From an earlier *ruino, from ruina, or from a Vulgar Latin root *ruīnus, ultimately from Latin ruīna. Compare Portuguese ruim, Catalan roí. The lack of a final /-o/ may suggest a borrowing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruines",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"pl": "ruines"
},
"expansion": "ruin m or f (masculine and feminine plural ruines)",
"name": "es-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ruin"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 1 48 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"contemptible, mean, heartless"
],
"id": "en-ruin-es-adj-wiJXRy~M",
"links": [
[
"contemptible",
"contemptible"
],
[
"mean",
"mean"
],
[
"heartless",
"heartless"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "vil"
},
{
"word": "despreciable"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"mean, stingy"
],
"id": "en-ruin-es-adj-CQWBkUrC",
"links": [
[
"mean",
"mean"
],
[
"stingy",
"stingy"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "avaro"
},
{
"word": "mezquino"
},
{
"word": "tacaño"
},
{
"word": "usurero"
},
{
"word": "agarrado"
},
{
"word": "cicatero"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 1 48 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wild; unruly"
],
"id": "en-ruin-es-adj-Zfu5u7Es",
"links": [
[
"wild",
"wild"
],
[
"unruly",
"unruly"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "salvaje"
},
{
"word": "agresto"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1881, Eduardo Acevedo Díaz, Ismael, section 46",
"text": "un pequeño grupo de ovejas ruines e inútiles para la marcha",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rachitic"
],
"id": "en-ruin-es-adj-nvSjBHkf",
"links": [
[
"rachitic",
"rachitic"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "raquítico"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrwin/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈrwĩn]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-in"
}
],
"word": "ruin"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "stand on the brink of ruin",
"word": "stå på ruinens brant"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-er",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruinen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiner",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruinerna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruinens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiners",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruinernas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ruin c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "ruin c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-er"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ruinera"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a ruin (remains of a building)"
],
"id": "en-ruin-sv-noun-aY0eJgwX",
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 89",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 71",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sv",
"name": "Heraldic charges",
"orig": "sv:Heraldic charges",
"parents": [
"Heraldry",
"History",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ruin (financial bankruptcy)"
],
"id": "en-ruin-sv-noun-PmoYOiX~",
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"word": "ruin"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tet",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*duRi",
"t": "thorn, splinter, fish bone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duRi (“thorn, splinter, fish bone”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "agn",
"2": "doli"
},
"expansion": "Agutaynen doli",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "duri",
"t": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Malay duri (“thorn”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duRi (“thorn, splinter, fish bone”), akin to Agutaynen doli and Malay duri (“thorn”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tet",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ruin",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tetum",
"lang_code": "tet",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tetum entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bone"
],
"id": "en-ruin-tet-noun-yNrPZX~p",
"links": [
[
"bone",
"bone"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ruin"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruina",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruino",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruinos",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruines",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"10": "ruinos",
"11": "feminine plural",
"12": "ruines",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "feminine singular",
"6": "ruina",
"7": "neuter singular",
"8": "ruino",
"9": "masculine plural",
"f2accel-form": "f|s",
"f3accel-form": "n",
"f4accel-form": "m|p",
"f5accel-form": "f|p",
"g": "m-s"
},
"expansion": "ruin m sg (feminine singular ruina, neuter singular ruino, masculine plural ruinos, feminine plural ruines)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ruin"
},
"expansion": "ruin m sg (feminine singular ruina, neuter singular ruino, masculine plural ruinos, feminine plural ruines)",
"name": "ast-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Asturian adjectives",
"Asturian entries with incorrect language header",
"Asturian lemmas",
"Asturian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"weedy"
],
"links": [
[
"weedy",
"weedy"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrwin/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈrwĩŋ]"
}
],
"word": "ruin"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "vosruin"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "rûun"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch rûun",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "rûne"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German rûne",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "rūn"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German rūn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(H)rewH-",
"t": "to dig out, rip off"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(H)rewH- (“to dig out, rip off”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch rûun. Cognate with Middle Low German rûne, Middle High German rūn. Further origin unknown; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(H)rewH- (“to dig out, rip off”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruinen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruintje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "ruintje"
},
"expansion": "ruin m (plural ruinen, diminutive ruintje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ruin"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "hengst"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Dutch/œy̯n",
"Rhymes:Dutch/œy̯n/1 syllable",
"nl:Horses",
"nl:Male animals"
],
"glosses": [
"gelding (castrated male horse)"
],
"links": [
[
"gelding",
"gelding"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/rœy̯n/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-œy̯n"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-ruin.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/Nl-ruin.ogg/Nl-ruin.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Nl-ruin.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "ruin"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/uːɪn",
"Rhymes:English/uːɪn/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "blue ruin"
},
{
"word": "gambler's ruin"
},
{
"word": "mother's ruin"
},
{
"word": "rack and ruin"
},
{
"word": "ruin of the year"
},
{
"word": "ruin pub"
},
{
"word": "ruin-restoration creationism"
},
{
"word": "ruin theory"
},
{
"word": "ruin value"
},
{
"word": "wrack and ruin"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "ruyne"
},
"expansion": "Middle English ruyne",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ruine"
},
"expansion": "ruine",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "ruine"
},
"expansion": "Old French ruine",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "ruīna",
"4": "",
"5": "overthrow, ruin"
},
"expansion": "Latin ruīna (“overthrow, ruin”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ruō",
"3": "",
"4": "I fall down, tumble, sink in ruin, rush"
},
"expansion": "ruō (“I fall down, tumble, sink in ruin, rush”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English ruyne, ruine, from Old French ruine, from Latin ruīna (“overthrow, ruin”), from ruō (“I fall down, tumble, sink in ruin, rush”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruins",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "ruin (countable and uncountable, plural ruins)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1812, Joseph Stevens Buckminster, sermon",
"text": "The labour of a day will not build up a virtuous habit on the ruins of an old and vicious character.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Eden Prime",
"text": "Dr. Manuel: No one is saved. The age of humanity is ended. Soon, only ruin and corpses will remain.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The remains of a destroyed or dilapidated construction, such as a house or castle."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, sometimes in the plural) The remains of a destroyed or dilapidated construction, such as a house or castle."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"in-plural",
"sometimes"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The monastery has fallen into ruin.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) The state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Gambling has been the ruin of many.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something that leads to serious trouble or destruction."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Something that leads to serious trouble or destruction."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The act of ruining something."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A fall or tumble."
],
"links": [
[
"fall",
"fall"
],
[
"tumble",
"tumble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A fall or tumble."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the ruin of a ship or an army; the ruin of a constitution or a government; the ruin of health or hopes",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1768, Thomas Gray, The Bard",
"text": "Ruin seize thee, ruthless king!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A change that destroys or defeats something; destruction; overthrow."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Complete financial loss; bankruptcy."
],
"links": [
[
"bankruptcy",
"bankruptcy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Complete financial loss; bankruptcy."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹuː.ɪn/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹuwɪn]",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːɪn"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-ruin.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/En-us-ruin.ogg/En-us-ruin.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/En-us-ruin.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gërmadhë"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵarāb",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "خَرَاب"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵarāba",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "خَرَابَة"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭalal",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "طَلَل"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "averak",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "ավերակ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pʿlatak",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "փլատակ"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruina"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "xaraba"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "viranə"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "ruína",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "руі́на"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "razválina",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "разва́ліна"
},
{
"code": "shi",
"lang": "Berber Tashelhit",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "iɣrman (ighrman)"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ruína",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "руи́на"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razválina",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "разва́лина"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "ruïna"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "遺址"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yízhǐ",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "遗址"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "廢墟"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fèixū",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "废墟"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zřícenina"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruina"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rozvalina"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ruin"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruïne"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bouwval"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "puinhoop"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "ruino"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "vare"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "raunio"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruine"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruvine"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "nangrevi",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "ნანგრევი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ruine"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ereípio",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ερείπιο"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ereípion",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ἐρείπιον"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "khorbá",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "חָרְבָּה"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "khãḍhar",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "खँडहर"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "khaṇḍhar",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "खंडहर"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bhagnāvśeṣ",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "भग्नावशेष"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "rom"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "roncs"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "omladék"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rúst"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "puing"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "raunio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rovina"
},
{
"alt": "はいきょ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "haikyo",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "廃墟"
},
{
"alt": "いせき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "iseki",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "遺跡"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "qūlandy",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "құланды"
},
{
"alt": "廢墟",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "pyeheo",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "폐허"
},
{
"alt": "遺蹟",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yujeok",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "유적"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "şwênewar",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "شوێنەوار"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kavil"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "wêrane"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "xerabe"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "urandı",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "уранды"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruīna"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "drupas"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "griuvėsiai"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rušévina",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "руше́вина"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "urnátina",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "урна́тина"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "čavkárnica",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "чавка́рница"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "puing"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "runtuhan"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "ruhatanga"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "kitsʼiilí"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruin"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruin"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "roïna"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "harab",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "خراب"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "virâne",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "ویرانه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xarâb",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "خراب"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xarâbe",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "خرابه"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruina"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruína"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "khaṇḍar",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ਖੰਡਰ"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "ḍhāṭh",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ਢਾਠ"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruină"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruina"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "ruegna"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "ruigna"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ruína",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "руи́на"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razválina",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "разва́лина"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "arruinu"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "orroghina"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "roghina"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tobhta"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruševina"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "podor"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "podorina"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "razvalina"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "provalina"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "razval"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "razvala"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruvina"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruina"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rozvalina"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruševina"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruina"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "gofu"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ruin"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "gapo"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "bunlag"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "dimna",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "димна"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "xaroba",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "хароба"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "vayrona",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "вайрона"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "gyang ro",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "གྱང་རོ"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "g.yag gog",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "གཡག་གོག"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "kalıntı"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "harabe"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "ören"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "yıkıntı"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "virane"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "haraba"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rujína",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "руї́на"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozvályna",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "розва́лина"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "xarabe",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "خارابە"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "xaroba"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "roina"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rovina"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruina"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "adfail"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "remains of destroyed construction",
"word": "Ruïne"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razrúha",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "разру́ха"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "verval"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "puin"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "rappio"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruine"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ruin"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "loigós",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λοιγός"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "vināś",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "विनाश"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "nāś",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "नाश"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "rom"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "scrios"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rovina"
},
{
"alt": "かいめつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kaimetsu",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "潰滅"
},
{
"alt": "ほうかい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hōkai",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "崩壊"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruīna"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "nāśaṁ",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "നാശം"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "ruhatanga"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruin"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruin"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hryre"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "harab",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "خراب"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruína"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruină"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razrúxa",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "разру́ха"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "nāśa",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "नाश"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "creach"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruina"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ruin"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "pagkagapo"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"word": "hư hại"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "adfeiliad"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krah",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "крах"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "provál",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "прова́л"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"word": "turmio"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruine"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ruin"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "vināś",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "विनाश"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "nāś",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "नाश"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rovina"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruin"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruin"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hryre"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruína"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruină"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krax",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "крах"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krušénije",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "круше́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razorénije",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разоре́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gíbelʹ",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ги́бель"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "provál",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "прова́л"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "creach"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "something which leads to serious troubles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruina"
}
],
"word": "ruin"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "build"
},
{
"word": "construct"
},
{
"word": "found"
},
{
"word": "produce"
},
{
"word": "unruin"
}
],
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/uːɪn",
"Rhymes:English/uːɪn/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "ruyne"
},
"expansion": "Middle English ruyne",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ruine"
},
"expansion": "ruine",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "ruine"
},
"expansion": "Old French ruine",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "ruīna",
"4": "",
"5": "overthrow, ruin"
},
"expansion": "Latin ruīna (“overthrow, ruin”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ruō",
"3": "",
"4": "I fall down, tumble, sink in ruin, rush"
},
"expansion": "ruō (“I fall down, tumble, sink in ruin, rush”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English ruyne, ruine, from Old French ruine, from Latin ruīna (“overthrow, ruin”), from ruō (“I fall down, tumble, sink in ruin, rush”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruins",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruining",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ruined",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ruined",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ruint",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"nonstandard",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ruint",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"nonstandard",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"past2": "ruint",
"past2_qual": "dialectal, nonstandard"
},
"expansion": "ruin (third-person singular simple present ruins, present participle ruining, simple past and past participle ruined or (dialectal, nonstandard) ruint)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "ruination"
},
{
"word": "ruinable"
},
{
"word": "ruiner"
},
{
"word": "ruinous"
},
{
"word": "ruint"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "With all these purchases, you surely mean to ruin us!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause the fiscal ruin of; to bankrupt or drive out of business."
],
"links": [
[
"bankrupt",
"bankrupt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cause the fiscal ruin of; to bankrupt or drive out of business."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He ruined his new white slacks by accidentally spilling oil on them.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1857, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, The Golden Mile-Stone",
"text": "By the fireside there are old men seated, / Seeing ruined cities in the ashes.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To destroy or make something no longer usable."
],
"links": [
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"usable",
"usable"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "My car breaking down just as I was on the road ruined my vacation."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To upset or overturn the plans or progress of, or to have a disastrous effect on something."
],
"links": [
[
"upset",
"upset"
],
[
"overturn",
"overturn"
],
[
"plans",
"plans"
],
[
"progress",
"progress"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "I used to love that song, but being assaulted when that song was playing ruined the song for me."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make something less enjoyable or likeable."
],
"links": [
[
"enjoyable",
"enjoyable"
],
[
"likeable",
"likeable"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To reveal the ending of (a story); to spoil."
],
"links": [
[
"reveal",
"reveal"
],
[
"spoil",
"spoil"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1636, George Sandys, Paraphrase upon the Psalmes and upon the Hymnes dispersed throughout the Old and New Testaments",
"text": "Though he his house of polisht marble build, / Yet shall it ruine like the Moth's fraile cell",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To fall into a state of decay."
],
"links": [
[
"decay",
"decay"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To fall into a state of decay."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The young libertine was notorious for ruining local girls."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To seduce or debauch, and thus harm the social standing of."
],
"links": [
[
"seduce",
"seduce"
],
[
"debauch",
"debauch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, historical) To seduce or debauch, and thus harm the social standing of."
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹuː.ɪn/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹuwɪn]",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːɪn"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-ruin.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/En-us-ruin.ogg/En-us-ruin.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/En-us-ruin.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "destroy"
},
{
"word": "fordo"
},
{
"word": "ruinate"
},
{
"word": "wreck"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "dammara",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "دَمَّرَ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "korcanel",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "կործանել"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "çapmaq"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zniščácʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "знішча́ць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "níščycʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ні́шчыць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zníščycʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зні́шчыць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "rujnavácʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "руйнава́ць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zrujnavácʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зруйнава́ць"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "uništožávam",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "унищожа́вам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "uništožá",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "унищожа́"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razorjávam",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разоря́вам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razorjá",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разоря́"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "ayosdodi",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "ᎠᏲᏍᏙᏗ"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "破壞"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pòhuài",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "破坏"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "毀"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huǐ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "毁"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ruinovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zruinovat"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "ruinere"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "ruïneren"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "raunioittaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "tuhota"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "tärvellä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "pilata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "ruiner"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ngreva",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "ნგრევა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "ruinieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "auf die Knie zwingen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "vernichten"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katastréfo",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "καταστρέφω"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "dafák",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "דָּפַק"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "פישל"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "pishél",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "פִשֵּׁל"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "harás",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "הָרַס"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "lerombol"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "tönkretesz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "romba dönt"
},
{
"alt": "つぶす",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tsubusu",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "潰す"
},
{
"alt": "ほろぼす",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "horobosu",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "滅ぼす"
},
{
"alt": "だとうする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "datō suru",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "打倒する"
},
{
"alt": "はさんさせる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hasan saseru",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "破産させる"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "pamyeolsikida",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "파멸시키다"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "pasansikida",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "파산시키다"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "grauduot"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "populor"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "graut"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "griauti"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "úništi",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "у́ништи"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "whakapōhara"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rujnować"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zrujnować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "arruinar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "strica"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razrušátʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разруша́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razrúšitʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разру́шить"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pórtitʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "по́ртить"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ispórtitʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "испо́ртить"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razorjátʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разоря́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razorítʹ",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разори́ть"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "creach"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ruinovať"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zruinovať"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "desbaratar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "arruinar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "ödelägga"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"english": "financially",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "ruinera"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "mahvetmek"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "nýščyty",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ни́щити"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "znýščuvaty",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "зни́щувати"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "znýščyty",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зни́щити"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rujnuváty",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "руйнува́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zrujnuváty",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зруйнува́ти"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "to cause the economical ruin of",
"word": "rwiner"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razrušávam",
"sense": "to destroy",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разруша́вам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razrušá",
"sense": "to destroy",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разруша́"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "uništožávam",
"sense": "to destroy",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "унищожа́вам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "uništožá",
"sense": "to destroy",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "унищожа́"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "espatllar"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "ayosdiha",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "ᎠᏲᏍᏗᎭ"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "破壞"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pòhuài",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "破坏"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "ødelægge"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "raunioittaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "abîmer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to destroy",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "foutre en l’air"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to destroy",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "ruiner"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "massacrer"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "arruinar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "ruinieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "kaputtmachen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "vernichten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "zerstören"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katastréfo",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "καταστρέφω"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "raisata"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "rovinare"
},
{
"alt": "ぶちこわす",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "buchikowasu",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "打ち壊す"
},
{
"alt": "はかいする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hakai suru",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "破壊する"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "mechamecha ni suru",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "めちゃめちゃにする"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "populor"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "úništi",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "у́ништи"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "naśippikkuka",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "നശിപ്പിക്കുക"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "whakapakaru"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "arroïnar"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "bozmak",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "بوزمق"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yıkmak",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "ییقمق"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "arruinar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uničtožátʹ",
"sense": "to destroy",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "уничтожа́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uničtóžitʹ",
"sense": "to destroy",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "уничто́жить"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razrušátʹ",
"sense": "to destroy",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разруша́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razrúšitʹ",
"sense": "to destroy",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разру́шить"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "ruinar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "arruinar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "estropear"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to destroy",
"word": "mahvetmek"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razváljam",
"sense": "to spoil",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разва́лям"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razvaljá",
"sense": "to spoil",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разваля́"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "pilata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "gâcher"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to spoil",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "foutre en l’air"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "plomber"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "ruiner"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "arruinar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "esbandallar"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gapuč̣eba",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "გაფუჭება"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "ruinieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "verderben"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "kaputtmachen"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "riurjan",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "phtheírō",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "φθείρω"
},
{
"alt": "つぶす",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tsubusu",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "潰す"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "dame ni suru",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "だめにする"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "mechamecha ni suru",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "めちゃめちゃにする"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "uprópasti",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "упро́пасти"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "naśippikkuka",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "നശിപ്പിക്കുക"
},
{
"code": "frr",
"lang": "North Frisian",
"sense": "to spoil",
"tags": [
"Mooring"
],
"word": "ferdiirwe"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "bozmak",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "بوزمق"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "arruinar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "destruir"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "acabar com"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pórtitʹ",
"sense": "to spoil",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "по́ртить"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "isportitʹ",
"sense": "to spoil",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "испортить"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to spoil",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"perfective"
],
"word": "упропастити"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to spoil",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"perfective"
],
"word": "upropastiti"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "dar al traste"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to spoil",
"word": "mahvetmek"
}
],
"word": "ruin"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "la",
"3": "ruina"
},
"expansion": "Latin ruina",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin ruina.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruinen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiner",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruinene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Bokmål lemmas",
"Norwegian Bokmål masculine nouns",
"Norwegian Bokmål nouns",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"ruin (often in plural form when referring to buildings)"
],
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "ruin"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "la",
"3": "ruina"
},
"expansion": "Latin ruina",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin ruina.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruinen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruinar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruinane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas",
"Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"ruin (often in plural form when referring to buildings)"
],
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "ruin"
}
{
"categories": [
"Rhymes:Spanish/in",
"Rhymes:Spanish/in/1 syllable",
"Spanish 1-syllable words",
"Spanish adjectives",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish epicene adjectives",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish terms derived from Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ruin señor cría ruin servidor"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "",
"3": "*ruino"
},
"expansion": "*ruino",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "ruina"
},
"expansion": "ruina",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "",
"3": "*ruīnus"
},
"expansion": "*ruīnus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "ruīna"
},
"expansion": "Latin ruīna",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "ruim"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese ruim",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "roí"
},
"expansion": "Catalan roí",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From an earlier *ruino, from ruina, or from a Vulgar Latin root *ruīnus, ultimately from Latin ruīna. Compare Portuguese ruim, Catalan roí. The lack of a final /-o/ may suggest a borrowing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruines",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"pl": "ruines"
},
"expansion": "ruin m or f (masculine and feminine plural ruines)",
"name": "es-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ruin"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"contemptible, mean, heartless"
],
"links": [
[
"contemptible",
"contemptible"
],
[
"mean",
"mean"
],
[
"heartless",
"heartless"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "vil"
},
{
"word": "despreciable"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"mean, stingy"
],
"links": [
[
"mean",
"mean"
],
[
"stingy",
"stingy"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "avaro"
},
{
"word": "mezquino"
},
{
"word": "tacaño"
},
{
"word": "usurero"
},
{
"word": "agarrado"
},
{
"word": "cicatero"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"wild; unruly"
],
"links": [
[
"wild",
"wild"
],
[
"unruly",
"unruly"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "salvaje"
},
{
"word": "agresto"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Requests for translations of Spanish quotations",
"Spanish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1881, Eduardo Acevedo Díaz, Ismael, section 46",
"text": "un pequeño grupo de ovejas ruines e inútiles para la marcha",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rachitic"
],
"links": [
[
"rachitic",
"rachitic"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "raquítico"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrwin/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈrwĩn]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-in"
}
],
"word": "ruin"
}
{
"categories": [
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish nouns",
"sv:Heraldic charges"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "stand on the brink of ruin",
"word": "stå på ruinens brant"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-er",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruinen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiner",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruinerna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruinens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiners",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruinernas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ruin c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "ruin c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-er"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "ruinera"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a ruin (remains of a building)"
],
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ruin (financial bankruptcy)"
],
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"word": "ruin"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tet",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*duRi",
"t": "thorn, splinter, fish bone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duRi (“thorn, splinter, fish bone”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "agn",
"2": "doli"
},
"expansion": "Agutaynen doli",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "duri",
"t": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Malay duri (“thorn”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duRi (“thorn, splinter, fish bone”), akin to Agutaynen doli and Malay duri (“thorn”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tet",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ruin",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tetum",
"lang_code": "tet",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Tetum entries with incorrect language header",
"Tetum lemmas",
"Tetum nouns",
"Tetum terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Tetum terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian"
],
"glosses": [
"bone"
],
"links": [
[
"bone",
"bone"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ruin"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.