See -less in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “lacking”",
"word": "-ed"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “lacking”",
"word": "-y"
},
{
"english": "having in considerable amount",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “lacking”",
"word": "-some"
},
{
"english": "having in abundance",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “lacking”",
"word": "-ful"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-les"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -les",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-lēas",
"4": "",
"5": "-less"
},
"expansion": "Old English -lēas (“-less”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-laus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-laus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-lausaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-lausaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "-less"
},
"expansion": "Scots -less",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "-leas"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian -leas",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "-loos"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian -loos",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-loos",
"3": "",
"4": "-less"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -loos (“-less”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "-los"
},
"expansion": "Low German -los",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-los"
},
"expansion": "German -los",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-løs"
},
"expansion": "Danish -løs",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-lös"
},
"expansion": "Swedish -lös",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "-laus"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic -laus",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -les, -leas, from Old English -lēas (“-less”) (compare lēas (“devoid of, loose from, false”)), from Proto-West Germanic *-laus, from Proto-Germanic *-lausaz, from *lausaz (“loose”). (Not related to less, which derives from *laisiz, *laisizô.) Cognate with Scots -less, West Frisian -leas, Saterland Frisian -loos, Dutch -loos (“-less”), Low German -los, German -los, Danish -løs, Swedish -lös, Icelandic -laus. More at lease (“false”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-less",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-less",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Abkhaz terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chuvash terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Abkhaz translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Acehnese translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afar translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Basque translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bengali translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cebuano translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Eastern Mari translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Faroese translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gujarati translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hausa translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Iban translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Igbo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kannada translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lao translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Luo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mongolian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Nepali translations",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Papiamentu translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Punjabi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Telugu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Udmurt translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Venda translations",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with West Frisian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yiddish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yoruba translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Udmurt terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 September-October, Henry Petroski, “The Evolution of Eyeglasses”, in American Scientist:",
"text": "The ability of a segment of a glass sphere to magnify whatever is placed before it was known around the year 1000, when the spherical segment was called a reading stone, essentially what today we might term a frameless magnifying glass or plain glass paperweight.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Lacking (something); without (something). Added usually to a noun to form an adjective signifying a lack of that noun."
],
"id": "en--less-en-suffix-aFUQSq7a",
"links": [
[
"Lacking",
"lacking"
],
[
"without",
"without"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "an-"
},
{
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-free"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "-lesse"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ab",
"lang": "Abkhaz",
"roman": "-əda",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-ыда"
},
{
"code": "ace",
"lang": "Acehnese",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "hana"
},
{
"code": "aa",
"lang": "Afar",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "sinni"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "ont-"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "pa"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bilā",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "بِلَا"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḡayr ...",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "غَيْر ..."
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "an-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "ան-"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-siz"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-gabe"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bjez-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "без-"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "-hin",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-হীন"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bez",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "без"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "sense"
},
{
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "walay"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "無-"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wú-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "无-"
},
{
"code": "cv",
"lang": "Chuvash",
"roman": "-sĕr",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-сӗр"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "bez-"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-løs"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-loos"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "zonder"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "sen-"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-ta"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-tu"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-leysur"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-ton"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-tön"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "sans ..."
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "sen"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "u-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "უ-"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "u- -o",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "უ- -ო"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ara-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "არა-"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-los"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "a-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "α-"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "an-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "αν-"
},
{
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "-hīn",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-હીન"
},
{
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "e-"
},
{
"code": "ha",
"lang": "Hausa",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "mara"
},
{
"code": "ha",
"lang": "Hausa",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "marasa"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "'ál-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "אל"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kāṭā diyā",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "काटा दिया"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-talan"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-telen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-atlan"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-etlen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-tlan"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-tlen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-hatatlan"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-hetetlen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "mentes"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "nélküli"
},
{
"code": "iba",
"lang": "Iban",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "nadai"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-laus"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-vana"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "sen-"
},
{
"code": "ig",
"lang": "Igbo",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "enweghị"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "nir-"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "gan"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "senza"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "s-"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "dis-"
},
{
"alt": "-なし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "-nashi",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-無し"
},
{
"alt": "む-",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "mu-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "無-"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "-nai",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-ない"
},
{
"alt": "てい-",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tei-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "低-"
},
{
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "-villada",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-ವಿಲ್ಲದ"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "bê-"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "-sız",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-сыз"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "bǭ mī",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "ບໍ່ມີ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "sine"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "ne-"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "se-"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "bez"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "be-"
},
{
"code": "luo",
"lang": "Luo",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "onge"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "bez-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "без-"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "nir-"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"english": "preceding vowels and letters k, t and c",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "nis-"
},
{
"code": "mhr",
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"roman": "-dyme",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-дыме"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "-güj",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-гүй"
},
{
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "-na-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-न-"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-løs"
},
{
"code": "pap",
"lang": "Papiamentu",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "sin"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bi-",
"sense": "lacking",
"tags": [
"prefix"
],
"word": "بیـ"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "bez-"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "sem"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "des-"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "-hīn",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-ਹੀਨ"
},
{
"code": "rom",
"lang": "Romani",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "bi-"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "fără"
},
{
"alt": "bez(ʺ)-",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "без(ъ)-"
},
{
"alt": "bes(ʺ)-",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "бес(ъ)-"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "gun"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "lacking",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "без-"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "lacking",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "bez-"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "bez-"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "brez"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "sin"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "des-"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "bila"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-lös"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "pugot ang"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "walang"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "-lēni",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-లేని"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-siz"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-sız"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-suz"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-süz"
},
{
"code": "udm",
"lang": "Udmurt",
"roman": "-tem",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-тэм"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bez-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "без-"
},
{
"code": "ve",
"lang": "Venda",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "zwisina"
},
{
"code": "ve",
"lang": "Venda",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "asina"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "cây đinh không"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "di-"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "di"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-leas"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "-loz",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "־לאָז"
},
{
"code": "yo",
"lang": "Yoruba",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "àìní"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ləs/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪs/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl--less.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/be/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--less.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--less.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/be/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--less.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--less.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "-less"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “lacking”",
"word": "-ed"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “lacking”",
"word": "-y"
},
{
"english": "having in considerable amount",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “lacking”",
"word": "-some"
},
{
"english": "having in abundance",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “lacking”",
"word": "-ful"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-les"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -les",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-lēas",
"4": "",
"5": "-less"
},
"expansion": "Old English -lēas (“-less”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-laus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-laus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-lausaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-lausaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "-less"
},
"expansion": "Scots -less",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "-leas"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian -leas",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "-loos"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian -loos",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-loos",
"3": "",
"4": "-less"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -loos (“-less”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "-los"
},
"expansion": "Low German -los",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-los"
},
"expansion": "German -los",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-løs"
},
"expansion": "Danish -løs",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-lös"
},
"expansion": "Swedish -lös",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "-laus"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic -laus",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -les, -leas, from Old English -lēas (“-less”) (compare lēas (“devoid of, loose from, false”)), from Proto-West Germanic *-laus, from Proto-Germanic *-lausaz, from *lausaz (“loose”). (Not related to less, which derives from *laisiz, *laisizô.) Cognate with Scots -less, West Frisian -leas, Saterland Frisian -loos, Dutch -loos (“-less”), Low German -los, German -los, Danish -løs, Swedish -lös, Icelandic -laus. More at lease (“false”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-less",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-less",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Abkhaz terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Chuvash terms with redundant transliterations",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English productive suffixes",
"English suffixes",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with redundant script codes",
"Terms with Abkhaz translations",
"Terms with Acehnese translations",
"Terms with Afar translations",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cebuano translations",
"Terms with Chuvash translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Eastern Mari translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Gujarati translations",
"Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
"Terms with Hausa translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Iban translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Igbo translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kannada translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Luo translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Nepali translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Papiamentu translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Punjabi translations",
"Terms with Romani translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Udmurt translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Venda translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with West Frisian translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"Terms with Yoruba translations",
"Udmurt terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 September-October, Henry Petroski, “The Evolution of Eyeglasses”, in American Scientist:",
"text": "The ability of a segment of a glass sphere to magnify whatever is placed before it was known around the year 1000, when the spherical segment was called a reading stone, essentially what today we might term a frameless magnifying glass or plain glass paperweight.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Lacking (something); without (something). Added usually to a noun to form an adjective signifying a lack of that noun."
],
"links": [
[
"Lacking",
"lacking"
],
[
"without",
"without"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ləs/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪs/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl--less.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/be/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--less.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--less.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/be/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--less.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--less.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "an-"
},
{
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-free"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "-lesse"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ab",
"lang": "Abkhaz",
"roman": "-əda",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-ыда"
},
{
"code": "ace",
"lang": "Acehnese",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "hana"
},
{
"code": "aa",
"lang": "Afar",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "sinni"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "ont-"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "pa"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bilā",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "بِلَا"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḡayr ...",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "غَيْر ..."
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "an-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "ան-"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-siz"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-gabe"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bjez-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "без-"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "-hin",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-হীন"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bez",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "без"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "sense"
},
{
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "walay"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "無-"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wú-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "无-"
},
{
"code": "cv",
"lang": "Chuvash",
"roman": "-sĕr",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-сӗр"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "bez-"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-løs"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-loos"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "zonder"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "sen-"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-ta"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-tu"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-leysur"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-ton"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-tön"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "sans ..."
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "sen"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "u-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "უ-"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "u- -o",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "უ- -ო"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ara-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "არა-"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-los"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "a-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "α-"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "an-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "αν-"
},
{
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "-hīn",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-હીન"
},
{
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "e-"
},
{
"code": "ha",
"lang": "Hausa",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "mara"
},
{
"code": "ha",
"lang": "Hausa",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "marasa"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "'ál-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "אל"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kāṭā diyā",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "काटा दिया"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-talan"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-telen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-atlan"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-etlen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-tlan"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-tlen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-hatatlan"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-hetetlen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "mentes"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "nélküli"
},
{
"code": "iba",
"lang": "Iban",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "nadai"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-laus"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-vana"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "sen-"
},
{
"code": "ig",
"lang": "Igbo",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "enweghị"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "nir-"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "gan"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "senza"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "s-"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "dis-"
},
{
"alt": "-なし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "-nashi",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-無し"
},
{
"alt": "む-",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "mu-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "無-"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "-nai",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-ない"
},
{
"alt": "てい-",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tei-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "低-"
},
{
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "-villada",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-ವಿಲ್ಲದ"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "bê-"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "-sız",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-сыз"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "bǭ mī",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "ບໍ່ມີ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "sine"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "ne-"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "se-"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "bez"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "be-"
},
{
"code": "luo",
"lang": "Luo",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "onge"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "bez-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "без-"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "nir-"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"english": "preceding vowels and letters k, t and c",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "nis-"
},
{
"code": "mhr",
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"roman": "-dyme",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-дыме"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "-güj",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-гүй"
},
{
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "-na-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-न-"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-løs"
},
{
"code": "pap",
"lang": "Papiamentu",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "sin"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bi-",
"sense": "lacking",
"tags": [
"prefix"
],
"word": "بیـ"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "bez-"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "sem"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "des-"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "-hīn",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-ਹੀਨ"
},
{
"code": "rom",
"lang": "Romani",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "bi-"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "fără"
},
{
"alt": "bez(ʺ)-",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "без(ъ)-"
},
{
"alt": "bes(ʺ)-",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "бес(ъ)-"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "gun"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "lacking",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "без-"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "lacking",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "bez-"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "bez-"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "brez"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "sin"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "des-"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "bila"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-lös"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "pugot ang"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "walang"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "-lēni",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-లేని"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-siz"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-sız"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-suz"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-süz"
},
{
"code": "udm",
"lang": "Udmurt",
"roman": "-tem",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-тэм"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bez-",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "без-"
},
{
"code": "ve",
"lang": "Venda",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "zwisina"
},
{
"code": "ve",
"lang": "Venda",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "asina"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "cây đinh không"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "di-"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "di"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-leas"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "-loz",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "־לאָז"
},
{
"code": "yo",
"lang": "Yoruba",
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "àìní"
}
],
"word": "-less"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -less meaning in English (16.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.