"gan" meaning in Irish

See gan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Preposition

IPA: /ɡən̪ˠ/ [unstressed], /ɡɑn̪ˠ/ [Aran, Munster, stressed], /ɡan̪ˠ/ [Connemara, Mayo, Ulster, stressed] Forms: in specific references but lenition in general references [triggers-no-mutation]
Etymology: From Old Irish cen (“besides; without”), from Proto-Celtic *kina (“on this side of”); compare Middle Welsh am-gen (“otherwise”), Breton ken (“otherwise”). Etymology templates: {{inh|ga|sga|cen|t=besides; without}} Old Irish cen (“besides; without”), {{inh|ga|cel-pro|*kina|t=on this side of}} Proto-Celtic *kina (“on this side of”), {{cog|wlm|amgen|am-gen|t=otherwise}} Middle Welsh am-gen (“otherwise”), {{cog|br|ken|t=otherwise}} Breton ken (“otherwise”) Head templates: {{head|ga|preposition|plus nominative||triggers no mutation in specific references but lenition in general references||||||||cat2=prepositions governing the nominative|head=}} gan (plus nominative, triggers no mutation in specific references but lenition in general references), {{ga-prep|n|l-}} gan (plus nominative, triggers no mutation in specific references but lenition in general references)
  1. without
    Sense id: en-gan-ga-prep-EhayqIl1
  2. not (in conjunction with a verbal noun)
    Sense id: en-gan-ga-prep-w8u0Y7tv Categories (other): Irish entries with incorrect language header, Irish prepositions, Irish prepositions governing the nominative Disambiguation of Irish entries with incorrect language header: 0 100 Disambiguation of Irish prepositions: 26 74 Disambiguation of Irish prepositions governing the nominative: 9 91
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: gan áireamh (english: countless, incalculable), gan aithne gan urlabhra (english: comatose; dead), gan amhras (english: undoubtedly), gan aon agó (english: undoubtedly), gan bhail (english: invalid, void), gan bheartú (english: unpremeditated), gan bhlas (english: flavourless), gan bhogadh (english: still, impassive), gan bhréag gan áibhéil (english: in plain fact), gan cháim (english: flawless), gan choinne (english: unexpected(ly)), gan choinníoll (english: unconditional(ly)), gan chor (english: motionless), gan chuimhneamh (english: inadvertently), gan chuimse (english: limitless), gan chumas, gan mhaith, gan bhrí (english: impotent), gan dícheall (english: without fail), gan doic (english: unhesitatingly), gan dua (english: effortless(ly)), gan dúshraith (english: baseless), gan éifeacht (english: inefficient), gan éislis (english: without fail), gan fáth gan ábhar (english: for no reason whatever), gan fheiceáil (english: unseen), gan fhios (english: unknown; secretly), gan locht (english: blameless), gan mhuinchillí (english: sleeveless), gan mórán achair (english: shortly), gan on (english: faultless, unblemished)

Download JSON data for gan meaning in Irish (4.4kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "countless, incalculable",
      "word": "gan áireamh"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "comatose; dead",
      "word": "gan aithne gan urlabhra"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "undoubtedly",
      "word": "gan amhras"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "undoubtedly",
      "word": "gan aon agó"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "invalid, void",
      "word": "gan bhail"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "unpremeditated",
      "word": "gan bheartú"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "flavourless",
      "word": "gan bhlas"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "still, impassive",
      "word": "gan bhogadh"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "in plain fact",
      "word": "gan bhréag gan áibhéil"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "flawless",
      "word": "gan cháim"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "unexpected(ly)",
      "word": "gan choinne"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "unconditional(ly)",
      "word": "gan choinníoll"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "motionless",
      "word": "gan chor"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "inadvertently",
      "word": "gan chuimhneamh"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "limitless",
      "word": "gan chuimse"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gan chumas"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gan mhaith"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "impotent",
      "word": "gan bhrí"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "without fail",
      "word": "gan dícheall"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "unhesitatingly",
      "word": "gan doic"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "effortless(ly)",
      "word": "gan dua"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "baseless",
      "word": "gan dúshraith"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "inefficient",
      "word": "gan éifeacht"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "without fail",
      "word": "gan éislis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "for no reason whatever",
      "word": "gan fáth gan ábhar"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "unseen",
      "word": "gan fheiceáil"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "unknown; secretly",
      "word": "gan fhios"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "blameless",
      "word": "gan locht"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "sleeveless",
      "word": "gan mhuinchillí"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "shortly",
      "word": "gan mórán achair"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "faultless, unblemished",
      "word": "gan on"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "cen",
        "t": "besides; without"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish cen (“besides; without”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*kina",
        "t": "on this side of"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kina (“on this side of”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "amgen",
        "3": "am-gen",
        "t": "otherwise"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh am-gen (“otherwise”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "ken",
        "t": "otherwise"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton ken (“otherwise”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Irish cen (“besides; without”), from Proto-Celtic *kina (“on this side of”); compare Middle Welsh am-gen (“otherwise”), Breton ken (“otherwise”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "in specific references but lenition in general references",
      "tags": [
        "triggers-no-mutation"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "2": "preposition",
        "3": "plus nominative",
        "4": "",
        "5": "triggers no mutation in specific references but lenition in general references",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "prepositions governing the nominative",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "gan (plus nominative, triggers no mutation in specific references but lenition in general references)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "l-"
      },
      "expansion": "gan (plus nominative, triggers no mutation in specific references but lenition in general references)",
      "name": "ga-prep"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "without"
      ],
      "id": "en-gan-ga-prep-EhayqIl1",
      "links": [
        [
          "without",
          "without"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 74",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Irish prepositions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 91",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Irish prepositions governing the nominative",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "not (in conjunction with a verbal noun)"
      ],
      "id": "en-gan-ga-prep-w8u0Y7tv",
      "links": [
        [
          "not",
          "not"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡən̪ˠ/",
      "tags": [
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɑn̪ˠ/",
      "tags": [
        "Aran",
        "Munster",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡan̪ˠ/",
      "tags": [
        "Connemara",
        "Mayo",
        "Ulster",
        "stressed"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "gan"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Irish lemmas",
    "Irish prepositions",
    "Irish prepositions governing the nominative",
    "Irish terms derived from Old Irish",
    "Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Irish terms inherited from Old Irish",
    "Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
    "Irish terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "countless, incalculable",
      "word": "gan áireamh"
    },
    {
      "english": "comatose; dead",
      "word": "gan aithne gan urlabhra"
    },
    {
      "english": "undoubtedly",
      "word": "gan amhras"
    },
    {
      "english": "undoubtedly",
      "word": "gan aon agó"
    },
    {
      "english": "invalid, void",
      "word": "gan bhail"
    },
    {
      "english": "unpremeditated",
      "word": "gan bheartú"
    },
    {
      "english": "flavourless",
      "word": "gan bhlas"
    },
    {
      "english": "still, impassive",
      "word": "gan bhogadh"
    },
    {
      "english": "in plain fact",
      "word": "gan bhréag gan áibhéil"
    },
    {
      "english": "flawless",
      "word": "gan cháim"
    },
    {
      "english": "unexpected(ly)",
      "word": "gan choinne"
    },
    {
      "english": "unconditional(ly)",
      "word": "gan choinníoll"
    },
    {
      "english": "motionless",
      "word": "gan chor"
    },
    {
      "english": "inadvertently",
      "word": "gan chuimhneamh"
    },
    {
      "english": "limitless",
      "word": "gan chuimse"
    },
    {
      "word": "gan chumas"
    },
    {
      "word": "gan mhaith"
    },
    {
      "english": "impotent",
      "word": "gan bhrí"
    },
    {
      "english": "without fail",
      "word": "gan dícheall"
    },
    {
      "english": "unhesitatingly",
      "word": "gan doic"
    },
    {
      "english": "effortless(ly)",
      "word": "gan dua"
    },
    {
      "english": "baseless",
      "word": "gan dúshraith"
    },
    {
      "english": "inefficient",
      "word": "gan éifeacht"
    },
    {
      "english": "without fail",
      "word": "gan éislis"
    },
    {
      "english": "for no reason whatever",
      "word": "gan fáth gan ábhar"
    },
    {
      "english": "unseen",
      "word": "gan fheiceáil"
    },
    {
      "english": "unknown; secretly",
      "word": "gan fhios"
    },
    {
      "english": "blameless",
      "word": "gan locht"
    },
    {
      "english": "sleeveless",
      "word": "gan mhuinchillí"
    },
    {
      "english": "shortly",
      "word": "gan mórán achair"
    },
    {
      "english": "faultless, unblemished",
      "word": "gan on"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "cen",
        "t": "besides; without"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish cen (“besides; without”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*kina",
        "t": "on this side of"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kina (“on this side of”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "amgen",
        "3": "am-gen",
        "t": "otherwise"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh am-gen (“otherwise”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "ken",
        "t": "otherwise"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton ken (“otherwise”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Irish cen (“besides; without”), from Proto-Celtic *kina (“on this side of”); compare Middle Welsh am-gen (“otherwise”), Breton ken (“otherwise”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "in specific references but lenition in general references",
      "tags": [
        "triggers-no-mutation"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "2": "preposition",
        "3": "plus nominative",
        "4": "",
        "5": "triggers no mutation in specific references but lenition in general references",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "prepositions governing the nominative",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "gan (plus nominative, triggers no mutation in specific references but lenition in general references)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "l-"
      },
      "expansion": "gan (plus nominative, triggers no mutation in specific references but lenition in general references)",
      "name": "ga-prep"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "without"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "without",
          "without"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "not (in conjunction with a verbal noun)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "not",
          "not"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡən̪ˠ/",
      "tags": [
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɑn̪ˠ/",
      "tags": [
        "Aran",
        "Munster",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡan̪ˠ/",
      "tags": [
        "Connemara",
        "Mayo",
        "Ulster",
        "stressed"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "gan"
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
  "msg": "unrecognized head form: plus nominative",
  "path": [
    "gan"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "preposition",
  "title": "gan",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.