See ex- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “outside”",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “outside”",
"word": "intra-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “outside”",
"word": "en-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “outside”",
"word": "em-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “outside”",
"word": "im-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “outside”",
"word": "end-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “outside”",
"word": "endo-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “outside”",
"word": "ento-"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-directory"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "exsert"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-actor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-atheist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-athlete"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-Beatle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-CEO"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-CFO"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-Christian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-colleague"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-consul"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-councillor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-Czar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-dictator"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-director"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-doctor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-drummer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-emperor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-employee"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-fighter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-fighter pilot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-friend"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-governor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-guitarist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-Hindu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-Jesuit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-Jew"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-Jewish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-judge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-Kaiser"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-lover"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-manager"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-mayor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-member"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-minister"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-Muslim"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-official"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-organ grinder"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-piano player"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-pilot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-policeman"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-police officer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-praetor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-priest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-programmer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-scientist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-Scientologist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-senator"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-sergeant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-soldier"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-statistician"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex-student"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "ex",
"4": "",
"5": "out of, from"
},
"expansion": "Latin ex (“out of, from”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*eǵ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *eǵ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐξ",
"3": "",
"4": "out of, from"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐξ (ex, “out of, from”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xtg",
"2": "ex-",
"3": "",
"4": "out"
},
"expansion": "Transalpine Gaulish ex- (“out”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ess-",
"3": "",
"4": "out"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish ess- (“out”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "изъ",
"3": "",
"4": "out"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic изъ (izŭ, “out”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "из",
"3": "",
"4": "from, out of"
},
"expansion": "Russian из (iz, “from, out of”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ex",
"pos": "indicates a change of state, (later) used before terms denoting an office to indicate that one has completed his term of office"
},
"expansion": "Latin ex (indicates a change of state, (later) used before terms denoting an office to indicate that one has completed his term of office)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English, from words borrowed from Middle French; from Latin ex (“out of, from”), from Proto-Indo-European *eǵ-, *eǵs- (“out”), *eǵʰs. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἐξ (ex, “out of, from”), Transalpine Gaulish ex- (“out”), Old Irish ess- (“out”), Old Church Slavonic изъ (izŭ, “out”), Russian из (iz, “from, out of”).\nFor sense 3, compare sense 11 at Latin ex (indicates a change of state, (later) used before terms denoting an office to indicate that one has completed his term of office).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "e-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ex-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "e-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ex"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "extra-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "borrowed from Latin: extract, expel, except, expression, exclusion"
}
],
"glosses": [
"out of"
],
"id": "en-ex--en-prefix-en:out_of",
"links": [
[
"out of",
"out of"
]
],
"senseid": [
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],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
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{
"text": "ex-directory; borrowed from Latin: exterior"
}
],
"glosses": [
"outside"
],
"id": "en-ex--en-prefix-en:outside",
"links": [
[
"outside",
"outside"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:outside"
],
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{
"_dis1": "2 89 3 6",
"sense": "outside",
"word": "out-"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 89 3 6",
"sense": "outside",
"word": "exo-"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 89 3 6",
"sense": "outside",
"word": "ecto-"
}
],
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]
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{
"text": "ex-husband, ex-president, ex-wife"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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299,
302
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"ref": "1969 December 7, “Full Frontal Nudity”, in Monty Python's Flying Circus, season 1, episode 8, spoken by Mr Praline (John Cleese), Dead Parrot sketch:",
"text": "This parrot is no more. It has ceased to be. It's expired and gone to see its maker. This is a late parrot. It's a stiff. Bereft of life, it rests in peace. If you hadn't nailed it to the perch it would be pushing up the daisies. It's run down the curtain and joined the choir invisible. This is an ex-parrot.",
"type": "quotation"
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{
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"ref": "2018 April 16, Stephen Collinson, “Trump now faces Comey’s moral assault”, in CNN:",
"text": "While he may not deserve to be branded a “slimeball,” as Trump did on Sunday, Comey does risk coming across as a disgruntled ex-employee and someone seeking vengeance for his dismissal. He has a highly developed sense of his own morality and sometimes comes across as holier than thou.",
"type": "quotation"
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{
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"ref": "2023 September 30, CSX8600, “September 2023 Update”, in Mesabrook Blog:",
"text": "A major event involves an ex-member of our build team. Due to a lack of legal protection on Mesabrook’s end, this member was able to make a legal request to have their builds and artwork removed from the Mesabrook project.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"former (this meaning is probably a semantic extension from the sense of \"out, away\")"
],
"id": "en-ex--en-prefix-en:former",
"links": [
[
"former",
"former"
]
],
"senseid": [
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 6 93 2",
"sense": "former",
"word": "then-"
}
],
"tags": [
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],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 6 93 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "former",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 6 93 2",
"code": "cs",
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"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "former",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
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"code": "da",
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"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "former",
"word": "eks-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 6 93 2",
"code": "nl",
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"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "former",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 6 93 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "former",
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{
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{
"_dis1": "0 6 93 2",
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"lang_code": "fi",
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{
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},
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},
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},
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}
],
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{
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "excaudate, exstipulate",
"type": "example"
}
],
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"Without, not possessing; lacking."
],
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[
"biology",
"biology"
]
],
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"(biology) Without, not possessing; lacking."
],
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],
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{
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"word": "an-"
},
{
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},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 2 91",
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"word": "-free"
}
],
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"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
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{
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},
{
"ipa": "/ɛks/",
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},
{
"ipa": "/ɛɡz/",
"tags": [
"before-vowel"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪks/",
"note": "unhyphened unstressed"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪɡz/",
"tags": [
"before-vowel"
]
}
],
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}
{
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{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “outside”",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “outside”",
"word": "intra-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “outside”",
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},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “outside”",
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},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “outside”",
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},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “outside”",
"word": "end-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “outside”",
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},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “outside”",
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}
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"Pages with entries",
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"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
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"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
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"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
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"Terms with Portuguese translations",
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"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
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{
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},
{
"word": "exsert"
},
{
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},
{
"word": "ex-atheist"
},
{
"word": "ex-athlete"
},
{
"word": "ex-Beatle"
},
{
"word": "ex-boss"
},
{
"word": "ex-CEO"
},
{
"word": "ex-CFO"
},
{
"word": "ex-Christian"
},
{
"word": "ex-colleague"
},
{
"word": "ex-consul"
},
{
"word": "ex-councillor"
},
{
"word": "ex-Czar"
},
{
"word": "ex-dictator"
},
{
"word": "ex-director"
},
{
"word": "ex-doctor"
},
{
"word": "ex-drummer"
},
{
"word": "ex-emperor"
},
{
"word": "ex-employee"
},
{
"word": "ex-fighter"
},
{
"word": "ex-fighter pilot"
},
{
"word": "ex-friend"
},
{
"word": "ex-governor"
},
{
"word": "ex-guitarist"
},
{
"word": "ex-Hindu"
},
{
"word": "ex-Jesuit"
},
{
"word": "ex-Jew"
},
{
"word": "ex-Jewish"
},
{
"word": "ex-judge"
},
{
"word": "ex-Kaiser"
},
{
"word": "ex-lover"
},
{
"word": "ex-manager"
},
{
"word": "ex-mayor"
},
{
"word": "ex-member"
},
{
"word": "ex-minister"
},
{
"word": "ex-Muslim"
},
{
"word": "ex-official"
},
{
"word": "ex-organ grinder"
},
{
"word": "ex-piano player"
},
{
"word": "ex-pilot"
},
{
"word": "ex-policeman"
},
{
"word": "ex-police officer"
},
{
"word": "ex-praetor"
},
{
"word": "ex-priest"
},
{
"word": "ex-programmer"
},
{
"word": "ex-scientist"
},
{
"word": "ex-Scientologist"
},
{
"word": "ex-senator"
},
{
"word": "ex-sergeant"
},
{
"word": "ex-soldier"
},
{
"word": "ex-statistician"
},
{
"word": "ex-student"
}
],
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{
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},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
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},
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},
{
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},
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},
{
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"3": "*eǵ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *eǵ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
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"3": "",
"4": "out of, from"
},
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "ex-",
"3": "",
"4": "out"
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "ess-",
"3": "",
"4": "out"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "изъ",
"3": "",
"4": "out"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
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"3": "",
"4": "from, out of"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"pos": "indicates a change of state, (later) used before terms denoting an office to indicate that one has completed his term of office"
},
"expansion": "Latin ex (indicates a change of state, (later) used before terms denoting an office to indicate that one has completed his term of office)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English, from words borrowed from Middle French; from Latin ex (“out of, from”), from Proto-Indo-European *eǵ-, *eǵs- (“out”), *eǵʰs. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἐξ (ex, “out of, from”), Transalpine Gaulish ex- (“out”), Old Irish ess- (“out”), Old Church Slavonic изъ (izŭ, “out”), Russian из (iz, “from, out of”).\nFor sense 3, compare sense 11 at Latin ex (indicates a change of state, (later) used before terms denoting an office to indicate that one has completed his term of office).",
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]
}
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},
{
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},
{
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}
],
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{
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}
],
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}
],
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[
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],
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{
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302
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],
"ref": "1969 December 7, “Full Frontal Nudity”, in Monty Python's Flying Circus, season 1, episode 8, spoken by Mr Praline (John Cleese), Dead Parrot sketch:",
"text": "This parrot is no more. It has ceased to be. It's expired and gone to see its maker. This is a late parrot. It's a stiff. Bereft of life, it rests in peace. If you hadn't nailed it to the perch it would be pushing up the daisies. It's run down the curtain and joined the choir invisible. This is an ex-parrot.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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128
]
],
"ref": "2018 April 16, Stephen Collinson, “Trump now faces Comey’s moral assault”, in CNN:",
"text": "While he may not deserve to be branded a “slimeball,” as Trump did on Sunday, Comey does risk coming across as a disgruntled ex-employee and someone seeking vengeance for his dismissal. He has a highly developed sense of his own morality and sometimes comes across as holier than thou.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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29
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],
"ref": "2023 September 30, CSX8600, “September 2023 Update”, in Mesabrook Blog:",
"text": "A major event involves an ex-member of our build team. Due to a lack of legal protection on Mesabrook’s end, this member was able to make a legal request to have their builds and artwork removed from the Mesabrook project.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"former (this meaning is probably a semantic extension from the sense of \"out, away\")"
],
"links": [
[
"former",
"former"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:former"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations",
"en:Biology"
],
"examples": [
{
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "excaudate, exstipulate",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Without, not possessing; lacking."
],
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biology) Without, not possessing; lacking."
],
"senseid": [
"en:without"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛks/",
"note": "hyphened always"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛks/",
"note": "unhyphened with primary or secondary stress"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛɡz/",
"tags": [
"before-vowel"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪks/",
"note": "unhyphened unstressed"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪɡz/",
"tags": [
"before-vowel"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "outside",
"word": "out-"
},
{
"sense": "outside",
"word": "exo-"
},
{
"sense": "outside",
"word": "ecto-"
},
{
"sense": "former",
"word": "then-"
},
{
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "an-"
},
{
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-less"
},
{
"sense": "lacking",
"word": "-free"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "former",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "former",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "former",
"word": "eks-"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "former",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "former",
"word": "eks-"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "former",
"word": "endine"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "former",
"word": "entinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "former",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "former",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "former",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "próin",
"sense": "former",
"word": "πρώην"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"roman": "genómenos",
"sense": "former",
"word": "γενόμενος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "former",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "former",
"word": "fyrrverandi"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"sense": "former",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "former",
"word": "eks-"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "former",
"word": "iar-"
},
{
"code": "sga",
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"sense": "former",
"word": "aith-"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "zen-",
"sense": "former",
"word": "前"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "kyū-",
"sense": "former",
"word": "旧"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "moto-",
"sense": "former",
"word": "元"
},
{
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"lang_code": "kn",
"roman": "māji",
"sense": "former",
"word": "ಮಾಜಿ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"lang_code": "km",
"roman": "ʼaʼdət",
"sense": "former",
"word": "អតីត"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "jeon",
"sense": "former",
"word": "전"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"sense": "former",
"word": "berê"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "eks-",
"sense": "former",
"word": "اکس"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "former",
"word": "eks-"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "former",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "eks-",
"sense": "former",
"word": "экс-"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "former",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "former",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "former",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"lang_code": "ta",
"roman": "māji",
"sense": "former",
"word": "மாஜி"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "former",
"word": "eski"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "eks-",
"sense": "former",
"word": "екс-"
}
],
"word": "ex-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ex- meaning in English (11.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.