"-free" meaning in English

See -free in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: /fɹiː/ Audio: en-us--free.ogg
Rhymes: -iː Etymology: From Middle English -fre, -freo (as in scotfre, gauelfre, gafolfreo, etc.), from Old English -frēo ("free; free from"; as in scotfrēo, gafolfrēo), from Proto-West Germanic *-frī (“-free”). Compare Dutch -vrij (“-free”), German -frei (“-free”), Danish -fri (“-free”), Swedish -fri (“-free”), Norwegian -fri (“-free”). More at free. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|-fre}} Middle English -fre, {{inh|en|ang|-frēo}} Old English -frēo, {{gloss|"free; free from"; as in <i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">scotfrēo</i>, <i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">gafolfrēo</i>}} ("free; free from"; as in scotfrēo, gafolfrēo), {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*-frī|t=-free}} Proto-West Germanic *-frī (“-free”), {{cog|nl|-vrij|t=-free}} Dutch -vrij (“-free”), {{cog|de|-frei|t=-free}} German -frei (“-free”), {{cog|da|-fri|t=-free}} Danish -fri (“-free”), {{cog|sv|-fri|t=-free}} Swedish -fri (“-free”), {{cog|no|-fri|t=-free}} Norwegian -fri (“-free”) Head templates: {{head|en|suffix|cat2=|cat3=|head=|id=}} -free, {{en-suffix}} -free
  1. Free from; devoid of; without. Tags: morpheme Synonyms (without): an-, ex-, -less Translations (free from; without): bez- (Czech), -vrij (Dutch), sen- (Esperanto), sans (note: before the word combined with) (French), -frei (German), -mentes (Hungarian), nélküli (Hungarian), senza (note: before the word combined with) (Italian), -fri (Norwegian), bez (Polish), bez- (Polish), sem (note: before the word combined with) (Portuguese), livre de (note: before the word combined with) (Portuguese), без- (bez-) (Russian), бес- (bes-) (note: before voiceless consonants) (Russian), sin (note: before the word combined with) (Spanish), libre de (note: before the word combined with) (Spanish), -fri (Swedish), -sız (Turkish), -siz (Turkish)
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-fre"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -fre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-frēo"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -frēo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "\"free; free from\"; as in <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ang\">scotfrēo</i>, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ang\">gafolfrēo</i>"
      },
      "expansion": "(\"free; free from\"; as in scotfrēo, gafolfrēo)",
      "name": "gloss"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*-frī",
        "t": "-free"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-frī (“-free”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "-vrij",
        "t": "-free"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch -vrij (“-free”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "-frei",
        "t": "-free"
      },
      "expansion": "German -frei (“-free”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "-fri",
        "t": "-free"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish -fri (“-free”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "-fri",
        "t": "-free"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish -fri (“-free”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "no",
        "2": "-fri",
        "t": "-free"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian -fri (“-free”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -fre, -freo (as in scotfre, gauelfre, gafolfreo, etc.), from Old English -frēo (\"free; free from\"; as in scotfrēo, gafolfrēo), from Proto-West Germanic *-frī (“-free”). Compare Dutch -vrij (“-free”), German -frei (“-free”), Danish -fri (“-free”), Swedish -fri (“-free”), Norwegian -fri (“-free”). More at free.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-free",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-free",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w"
        },
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          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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          "kind": "other",
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        },
        {
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        {
          "kind": "other",
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
          "parents": [],
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        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
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          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Italian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
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          "source": "w"
        },
        {
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        {
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        {
          "kind": "other",
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          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
          "parents": [],
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        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "bilge-free"
        },
        {
          "word": "cage-free"
        },
        {
          "word": "cell-free"
        },
        {
          "word": "class-free"
        },
        {
          "word": "content-free"
        },
        {
          "word": "cost-free"
        },
        {
          "word": "dogfree"
        },
        {
          "word": "DRM-free"
        },
        {
          "word": "fault-free"
        },
        {
          "word": "license-free"
        },
        {
          "word": "noise-free"
        },
        {
          "word": "pollution-free"
        },
        {
          "word": "post-free"
        },
        {
          "word": "royalty-free"
        },
        {
          "word": "rust-free"
        },
        {
          "word": "shot-free"
        },
        {
          "word": "side-effect-free"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Free from; devoid of; without."
      ],
      "id": "en--free-en-suffix-xxs7stgR",
      "links": [
        [
          "Free",
          "free"
        ],
        [
          "devoid",
          "devoid"
        ],
        [
          "without",
          "without"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "sense": "without",
          "word": "an-"
        },
        {
          "sense": "without",
          "word": "ex-"
        },
        {
          "sense": "without",
          "word": "-less"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "free from; without",
          "word": "bez-"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "free from; without",
          "word": "-vrij"
        },
        {
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "free from; without",
          "word": "sen-"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "note": "before the word combined with",
          "sense": "free from; without",
          "word": "sans"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "free from; without",
          "word": "-frei"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "free from; without",
          "word": "-mentes"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "free from; without",
          "word": "nélküli"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "note": "before the word combined with",
          "sense": "free from; without",
          "word": "senza"
        },
        {
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "free from; without",
          "word": "-fri"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "free from; without",
          "word": "bez"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "free from; without",
          "word": "bez-"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "note": "before the word combined with",
          "sense": "free from; without",
          "word": "sem"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "note": "before the word combined with",
          "sense": "free from; without",
          "word": "livre de"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "bez-",
          "sense": "free from; without",
          "word": "без-"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "note": "before voiceless consonants",
          "roman": "bes-",
          "sense": "free from; without",
          "word": "бес-"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "note": "before the word combined with",
          "sense": "free from; without",
          "word": "sin"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "note": "before the word combined with",
          "sense": "free from; without",
          "word": "libre de"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "free from; without",
          "word": "-fri"
        },
        {
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "free from; without",
          "word": "-sız"
        },
        {
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "free from; without",
          "word": "-siz"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/fɹiː/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us--free.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/87/En-us--free.ogg/En-us--free.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/En-us--free.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iː"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "free"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-free"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bilge-free"
    },
    {
      "word": "cage-free"
    },
    {
      "word": "cell-free"
    },
    {
      "word": "class-free"
    },
    {
      "word": "content-free"
    },
    {
      "word": "cost-free"
    },
    {
      "word": "dogfree"
    },
    {
      "word": "DRM-free"
    },
    {
      "word": "fault-free"
    },
    {
      "word": "license-free"
    },
    {
      "word": "noise-free"
    },
    {
      "word": "pollution-free"
    },
    {
      "word": "post-free"
    },
    {
      "word": "royalty-free"
    },
    {
      "word": "rust-free"
    },
    {
      "word": "shot-free"
    },
    {
      "word": "side-effect-free"
    }
  ],
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      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-fre"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -fre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-frēo"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -frēo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "\"free; free from\"; as in <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ang\">scotfrēo</i>, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ang\">gafolfrēo</i>"
      },
      "expansion": "(\"free; free from\"; as in scotfrēo, gafolfrēo)",
      "name": "gloss"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*-frī",
        "t": "-free"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-frī (“-free”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "-vrij",
        "t": "-free"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch -vrij (“-free”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "-frei",
        "t": "-free"
      },
      "expansion": "German -frei (“-free”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "-fri",
        "t": "-free"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish -fri (“-free”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "-fri",
        "t": "-free"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish -fri (“-free”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "no",
        "2": "-fri",
        "t": "-free"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian -fri (“-free”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -fre, -freo (as in scotfre, gauelfre, gafolfreo, etc.), from Old English -frēo (\"free; free from\"; as in scotfrēo, gafolfrēo), from Proto-West Germanic *-frī (“-free”). Compare Dutch -vrij (“-free”), German -frei (“-free”), Danish -fri (“-free”), Swedish -fri (“-free”), Norwegian -fri (“-free”). More at free.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-free",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-free",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English suffixes",
        "English terms derived from Middle English",
        "English terms derived from Old English",
        "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
        "English terms inherited from Middle English",
        "English terms inherited from Old English",
        "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
        "English terms with homophones",
        "Entries with translation boxes",
        "Pages using catfix",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Rhymes:English/iː",
        "Terms with Czech translations",
        "Terms with Dutch translations",
        "Terms with Esperanto translations",
        "Terms with French translations",
        "Terms with German translations",
        "Terms with Hungarian translations",
        "Terms with Italian translations",
        "Terms with Norwegian translations",
        "Terms with Polish translations",
        "Terms with Portuguese translations",
        "Terms with Russian translations",
        "Terms with Spanish translations",
        "Terms with Swedish translations",
        "Terms with Turkish translations"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Free from; devoid of; without."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Free",
          "free"
        ],
        [
          "devoid",
          "devoid"
        ],
        [
          "without",
          "without"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/fɹiː/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us--free.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/87/En-us--free.ogg/En-us--free.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/En-us--free.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iː"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "free"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "without",
      "word": "an-"
    },
    {
      "sense": "without",
      "word": "ex-"
    },
    {
      "sense": "without",
      "word": "-less"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "free from; without",
      "word": "bez-"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "free from; without",
      "word": "-vrij"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "free from; without",
      "word": "sen-"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "note": "before the word combined with",
      "sense": "free from; without",
      "word": "sans"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "free from; without",
      "word": "-frei"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "free from; without",
      "word": "-mentes"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "free from; without",
      "word": "nélküli"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "note": "before the word combined with",
      "sense": "free from; without",
      "word": "senza"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "free from; without",
      "word": "-fri"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "free from; without",
      "word": "bez"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "free from; without",
      "word": "bez-"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "note": "before the word combined with",
      "sense": "free from; without",
      "word": "sem"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "note": "before the word combined with",
      "sense": "free from; without",
      "word": "livre de"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "bez-",
      "sense": "free from; without",
      "word": "без-"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "note": "before voiceless consonants",
      "roman": "bes-",
      "sense": "free from; without",
      "word": "бес-"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "note": "before the word combined with",
      "sense": "free from; without",
      "word": "sin"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "note": "before the word combined with",
      "sense": "free from; without",
      "word": "libre de"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "free from; without",
      "word": "-fri"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "free from; without",
      "word": "-sız"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "free from; without",
      "word": "-siz"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-free"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -free meaning in English (5.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (ee63ee9 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.