See 厄 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "乘人之厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bīng'è",
"word": "兵厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Èlìchuíyà",
"word": "厄利垂亞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Èlìchuíyà",
"word": "厄利垂亚"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "厄會"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "厄会"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "厄爾巴島"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "厄尔巴岛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Èguāduō",
"word": "厄瓜多"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "厄臺"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "厄台"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "èyùn",
"word": "厄運"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "èyùn",
"word": "厄运"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ènàn",
"word": "厄難"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ènàn",
"word": "厄难"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "厄魯特族"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "厄鲁特族"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kùn'è",
"word": "困厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "在陳之厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "在陈之厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yāng'è",
"word": "央厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "水厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "消災解厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "消灾解厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zāi'è",
"word": "災厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zāi'è",
"word": "灾厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "矜貧救厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "矜贫救厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "解厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "陳蔡之厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "陈蔡之厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "黃楊厄閏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "黄杨厄闰"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han ideograms"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2",
"nocap": "yes"
},
"expansion": "ideogram (指事)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*卩"
},
"expansion": "卩",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*厂"
},
"expansion": "厂",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "戹"
},
"expansion": "戹",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "psc",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "yes",
"pron": "OC *qreːɡ"
},
"expansion": "phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "厂",
"2": "卪",
"c1": "p",
"c2": "s",
"ls": "psc",
"nocap": "yes",
"t2": "joint; node"
},
"expansion": "phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”)",
"name": "Han compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "嗌",
"2": "throat"
},
"expansion": "嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "och",
"2": "txb",
"3": "räk-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B räk-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "och",
"2": "xto",
"3": "räk-",
"t": "to stretch, to spread"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly an ideogram (指事) of a person kneeling (卩), and a small stroke to accentuate the knee (now 厂). Not cognate with 戹 (“yoke”) but eventually they shared meanings.\nShuowen Jiezi interprets it as phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”) – wood knot.\nProbably related to 嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”) (Schuessler, 2007).\nOr borrowed from Tocharian B räk- and Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "戹"
},
{
"form": "阨"
},
{
"form": "𠂬"
},
{
"form": "𭠀"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "厄",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 7 9 9 1 19 5 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 8 8 0 0 15 0 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese hanzi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 7 11 13 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Eastern Min hanzi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 2 2 0 0 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Chinese hanzi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 2 2 0 0 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Chinese hanzi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 3 9 7 0 6 5 9 0 4 13 4 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 3 9 7 0 6 5 9 0 4 13 4 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"harrowing; miserable"
],
"id": "en-厄-zh-character-iFO0BFGA",
"links": [
[
"harrowing",
"harrowing"
],
[
"miserable",
"miserable"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"disaster; calamity; catastrophe"
],
"id": "en-厄-zh-character-3BQPqeBi",
"links": [
[
"disaster",
"disaster"
],
[
"calamity",
"calamity"
],
[
"catastrophe",
"catastrophe"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"adversity; difficulty; distress"
],
"id": "en-厄-zh-character-apZsrvoT",
"links": [
[
"adversity",
"adversity"
],
[
"difficulty",
"difficulty"
],
[
"distress",
"distress"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be stranded"
],
"id": "en-厄-zh-character-I7QdC2zo",
"links": [
[
"strand",
"strand"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"strategic point"
],
"id": "en-厄-zh-character-ceSR~Kmb",
"links": [
[
"strategic",
"strategic"
],
[
"point",
"point"
]
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "è, “yoke”",
"word": "軛 /轭"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of 軛 /轭 (è, “yoke”)"
],
"id": "en-厄-zh-character-~l9Tfu~l",
"links": [
[
"軛",
"軛#Chinese"
],
[
"轭",
"轭#Chinese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "è"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "e⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄜˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "nge²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "aak¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "ak¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "ak²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ak"
},
{
"zh-pron": "áik"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "eh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ek"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "iak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "êh⁴"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁸ngeq"
},
{
"zh-pron": "nge⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "è"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄜˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "è"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "o⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "è"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "eh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "э"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "e"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤ⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "nge"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɛ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "āak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "āk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "aak⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ak⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "ag¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "eg¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/aːk̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɐk̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "ak²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ak̚⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "ak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "ag^ˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "ag⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/ak̚²/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "áik"
},
{
"ipa": "/aiʔ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "eh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "eq"
},
{
"ipa": "/eʔ⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/eʔ³²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "ik"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "eg"
},
{
"ipa": "/iɪk̚³²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "iak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "iag"
},
{
"ipa": "/iak̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "eh"
},
{
"ipa": "/eʔ²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁸ngeq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ngeh^入"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵ngeq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ŋəʔ¹²/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "nge⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɤ̞²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "'eak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*qˤ[i]k/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*qreːɡ/"
},
{
"other": "/ ek /"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤ⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɛ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/aːk̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɐk̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ak̚⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ak̚²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/aiʔ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/eʔ⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/eʔ³²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/iɪk̚³²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/iak̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/eʔ²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋəʔ¹²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɤ̞²⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[i]"
},
{
"other": "/*qreːɡ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kùnfá",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "困乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kùnjiǒng",
"word": "困窘"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kùnqióng",
"word": "困窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kùnqióng",
"word": "困穷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kùnkǔ",
"word": "困苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kùndùn",
"word": "困頓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kùndùn",
"word": "困顿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "宋凶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散凶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngkǔ",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dànbó",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "淡薄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngpín",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清貧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngpín",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清贫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "㾪赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "磽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "硗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "䆀康"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kòngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "空乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "窄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jiǒngcù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "窘促"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jiǒngkùn",
"word": "窘困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jiǒngpò",
"word": "窘迫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "qióng",
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "qióng",
"word": "穷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "qióngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "窮乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "qióngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "穷乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "qióngkùn",
"word": "窮困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "qióngkùn",
"word": "穷困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "窮㾪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "穷㾪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "qióngkǔ",
"word": "窮苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "qióngkǔ",
"word": "穷苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "窮赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "穷赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "艱苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "艰苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kǔhán",
"word": "苦寒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pínfá",
"word": "貧乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pínfá",
"word": "贫乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pínkùn",
"word": "貧困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pínkùn",
"word": "贫困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pínhán",
"word": "貧寒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pínhán",
"word": "贫寒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pínjí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "貧瘠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pínjí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "贫瘠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pínqióng",
"word": "貧窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pínqióng",
"word": "贫穷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pínkǔ",
"word": "貧苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pínkǔ",
"word": "贫苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "luànr",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "亂兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "luànr",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "乱儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "man-made disaster",
"roman": "rénhuò",
"word": "人禍"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "man-made disaster",
"roman": "rénhuò",
"word": "人祸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jié",
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"religion",
"lifestyle"
],
"word": "劫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "劫煞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jiénàn",
"word": "劫難"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jiénàn",
"word": "劫难"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "major catastrophe",
"roman": "dàhuò",
"word": "大禍"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "major catastrophe",
"roman": "dàhuò",
"word": "大祸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "major catastrophe",
"roman": "dànàn",
"word": "大難"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "major catastrophe",
"roman": "dànàn",
"word": "大难"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "natural disaster",
"roman": "tiānzāi",
"word": "天災"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "natural disaster",
"roman": "tiānzāi",
"word": "天灾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yāng'è",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "央厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "unexpected disaster",
"roman": "qíhuò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "奇禍"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "unexpected disaster",
"roman": "qíhuò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "奇祸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jùhuò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "巨禍"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jùhuò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "巨祸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "huàn",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "患"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "cǎnshì",
"word": "慘事"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "cǎnshì",
"word": "惨事"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "cǎnjù",
"word": "慘劇"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "cǎnjù",
"word": "惨剧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "tragic accident",
"roman": "cǎnhuò",
"word": "慘禍"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "tragic accident",
"roman": "cǎnhuò",
"word": "惨祸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "sua1 sab4",
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "沙𧐔"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hàojié",
"word": "浩劫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zāi",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "災"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zāi",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "灾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zāijié",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "災劫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zāijié",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "灾劫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zāi'è",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "災厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zāi'è",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "灾厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zāihài",
"word": "災害"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zāihài",
"word": "灾害"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zāiyāng",
"word": "災殃"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zāiyāng",
"word": "灾殃"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zāihuò",
"word": "災禍"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zāihuò",
"word": "灾祸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "natural disaster",
"roman": "zāibiàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "災變"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "natural disaster",
"roman": "zāibiàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "灾变"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zāinàn",
"word": "災難"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zāinàn",
"word": "灾难"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yōngjū",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "癰疽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yōngjū",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "痈疽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shěnglì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "眚沴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "huò",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "禍"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "huò",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "祸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "huòshì",
"word": "禍事"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "huòshì",
"word": "祸事"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "huòhài",
"word": "禍害"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "huòhài",
"word": "祸害"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ho5 si6",
"tags": [
"Xiang"
],
"word": "禍息"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ho5 si6",
"tags": [
"Xiang"
],
"word": "祸息"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "huòhuàn",
"word": "禍患"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "huòhuàn",
"word": "祸患"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "huòyāng",
"word": "禍殃"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "huòyāng",
"word": "祸殃"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "wēijìng",
"word": "危境"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kùn'è",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "困厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kùnjìng",
"word": "困境"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dìbù",
"word": "地步"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "difficult times at present",
"roman": "shíjiān",
"word": "時艱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "difficult times at present",
"roman": "shíjiān",
"word": "时艰"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gōuhè",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "溝壑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gōuhè",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "沟壑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "wèijǐng",
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
],
"word": "畏景"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chǔjìng",
"word": "處境"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chǔjìng",
"word": "处境"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "nìjìng",
"word": "逆境"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "困難"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "困难"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Alexander Lubotsky",
"Shuowen Jiezi",
"Wood#Knots"
],
"word": "厄"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "戹"
},
{
"form": "阨"
},
{
"form": "𠂬"
},
{
"form": "𭠀"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "厄",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Used in 科厄."
],
"id": "en-厄-zh-character-cmAsvXGV",
"links": [
[
"科厄",
"科厄#Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"^‡ Used in 科厄."
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ě"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "è"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "e³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "e⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄜˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄜˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ě"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ě"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "o³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ě"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ee"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "э"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "e"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤ²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "è"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "è"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "o⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "è"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "eh"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤ⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤ²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤ⁵¹/"
}
],
"word": "厄"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "惡",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "惡／恶",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 惡／恶.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "戹"
},
{
"form": "阨"
},
{
"form": "𠂬"
},
{
"form": "𭠀"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "厄",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Teochew Chinese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hard; difficult; challenging"
],
"id": "en-厄-zh-character-6K~A6Mv~",
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"challenging",
"challenging"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Teochew) hard; difficult; challenging"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "bùróngyì",
"word": "不容易"
},
{
"roman": "qín",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "勤"
},
{
"roman": "yínán",
"word": "疑難"
},
{
"roman": "yínán",
"word": "疑难"
},
{
"roman": "liángkǔ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "良苦"
},
{
"roman": "jiānjù",
"word": "艱巨"
},
{
"roman": "jiānjù",
"word": "艰巨"
},
{
"roman": "jiānkǔ",
"word": "艱苦"
},
{
"roman": "jiānkǔ",
"word": "艰苦"
},
{
"roman": "jiānxīn",
"word": "艱辛"
},
{
"roman": "jiānxīn",
"word": "艰辛"
},
{
"roman": "jiānnán",
"word": "艱難"
},
{
"roman": "jiānnán",
"word": "艰难"
},
{
"roman": "kǔnàn",
"word": "苦難"
},
{
"roman": "kǔnàn",
"word": "苦难"
},
{
"roman": "xīnláo",
"word": "辛勞"
},
{
"roman": "xīnláo",
"word": "辛劳"
},
{
"roman": "xīnkǔ",
"word": "辛苦"
},
{
"word": "難"
},
{
"word": "难"
}
],
"tags": [
"Teochew"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"zh-pron": "oh⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "oh⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "oh"
},
{
"ipa": "/oʔ²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/oʔ²/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "困難"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "困难"
}
],
"word": "厄"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese hanzi",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 厄",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min hanzi",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Middle Chinese hanzi",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Old Chinese hanzi",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese nouns",
"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian A",
"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian B",
"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian A",
"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian B",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "乘人之厄"
},
{
"roman": "bīng'è",
"word": "兵厄"
},
{
"roman": "Èlìchuíyà",
"word": "厄利垂亞"
},
{
"roman": "Èlìchuíyà",
"word": "厄利垂亚"
},
{
"word": "厄會"
},
{
"word": "厄会"
},
{
"word": "厄爾巴島"
},
{
"word": "厄尔巴岛"
},
{
"roman": "Èguāduō",
"word": "厄瓜多"
},
{
"word": "厄臺"
},
{
"word": "厄台"
},
{
"roman": "èyùn",
"word": "厄運"
},
{
"roman": "èyùn",
"word": "厄运"
},
{
"roman": "ènàn",
"word": "厄難"
},
{
"roman": "ènàn",
"word": "厄难"
},
{
"word": "厄魯特族"
},
{
"word": "厄鲁特族"
},
{
"roman": "kùn'è",
"word": "困厄"
},
{
"word": "在陳之厄"
},
{
"word": "在陈之厄"
},
{
"roman": "yāng'è",
"word": "央厄"
},
{
"word": "水厄"
},
{
"word": "消災解厄"
},
{
"word": "消灾解厄"
},
{
"roman": "zāi'è",
"word": "災厄"
},
{
"roman": "zāi'è",
"word": "灾厄"
},
{
"word": "矜貧救厄"
},
{
"word": "矜贫救厄"
},
{
"word": "解厄"
},
{
"word": "陳蔡之厄"
},
{
"word": "陈蔡之厄"
},
{
"word": "黃楊厄閏"
},
{
"word": "黄杨厄闰"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han ideograms"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2",
"nocap": "yes"
},
"expansion": "ideogram (指事)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*卩"
},
"expansion": "卩",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*厂"
},
"expansion": "厂",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "戹"
},
"expansion": "戹",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "psc",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "yes",
"pron": "OC *qreːɡ"
},
"expansion": "phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "厂",
"2": "卪",
"c1": "p",
"c2": "s",
"ls": "psc",
"nocap": "yes",
"t2": "joint; node"
},
"expansion": "phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”)",
"name": "Han compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "嗌",
"2": "throat"
},
"expansion": "嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "och",
"2": "txb",
"3": "räk-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B räk-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "och",
"2": "xto",
"3": "räk-",
"t": "to stretch, to spread"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly an ideogram (指事) of a person kneeling (卩), and a small stroke to accentuate the knee (now 厂). Not cognate with 戹 (“yoke”) but eventually they shared meanings.\nShuowen Jiezi interprets it as phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”) – wood knot.\nProbably related to 嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”) (Schuessler, 2007).\nOr borrowed from Tocharian B räk- and Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "戹"
},
{
"form": "阨"
},
{
"form": "𠂬"
},
{
"form": "𭠀"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "厄",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"harrowing; miserable"
],
"links": [
[
"harrowing",
"harrowing"
],
[
"miserable",
"miserable"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"disaster; calamity; catastrophe"
],
"links": [
[
"disaster",
"disaster"
],
[
"calamity",
"calamity"
],
[
"catastrophe",
"catastrophe"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"adversity; difficulty; distress"
],
"links": [
[
"adversity",
"adversity"
],
[
"difficulty",
"difficulty"
],
[
"distress",
"distress"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be stranded"
],
"links": [
[
"strand",
"strand"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"strategic point"
],
"links": [
[
"strategic",
"strategic"
],
[
"point",
"point"
]
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "è, “yoke”",
"word": "軛 /轭"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of 軛 /轭 (è, “yoke”)"
],
"links": [
[
"軛",
"軛#Chinese"
],
[
"轭",
"轭#Chinese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "è"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "e⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄜˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "nge²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "aak¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "ak¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "ak²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ak"
},
{
"zh-pron": "áik"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "eh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ek"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "iak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "êh⁴"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁸ngeq"
},
{
"zh-pron": "nge⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "è"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄜˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "è"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "o⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "è"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "eh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "э"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "e"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤ⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "nge"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɛ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "āak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "āk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "aak⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ak⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "ag¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "eg¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/aːk̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɐk̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "ak²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ak̚⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "ak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "ag^ˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "ag⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/ak̚²/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "áik"
},
{
"ipa": "/aiʔ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "eh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "eq"
},
{
"ipa": "/eʔ⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/eʔ³²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "ik"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "eg"
},
{
"ipa": "/iɪk̚³²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "iak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "iag"
},
{
"ipa": "/iak̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "eh"
},
{
"ipa": "/eʔ²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁸ngeq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ngeh^入"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵ngeq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ŋəʔ¹²/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "nge⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɤ̞²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "'eak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*qˤ[i]k/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*qreːɡ/"
},
{
"other": "/ ek /"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤ⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɛ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/aːk̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɐk̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ak̚⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ak̚²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/aiʔ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/eʔ⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/eʔ³²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/iɪk̚³²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/iak̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/eʔ²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋəʔ¹²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɤ̞²⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[i]"
},
{
"other": "/*qreːɡ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "kùnfá",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "困乏"
},
{
"roman": "kùnjiǒng",
"word": "困窘"
},
{
"roman": "kùnqióng",
"word": "困窮"
},
{
"roman": "kùnqióng",
"word": "困穷"
},
{
"roman": "kùnkǔ",
"word": "困苦"
},
{
"word": "困難"
},
{
"word": "困难"
},
{
"roman": "kùndùn",
"word": "困頓"
},
{
"roman": "kùndùn",
"word": "困顿"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "宋凶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散凶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散赤"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngkǔ",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清苦"
},
{
"roman": "dànbó",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "淡薄"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngpín",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清貧"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngpín",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清贫"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "㾪赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "磽"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "硗"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "䆀康"
},
{
"roman": "kòngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "空乏"
},
{
"word": "窄"
},
{
"roman": "jiǒngcù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "窘促"
},
{
"roman": "jiǒngkùn",
"word": "窘困"
},
{
"roman": "jiǒngpò",
"word": "窘迫"
},
{
"roman": "qióng",
"word": "窮"
},
{
"roman": "qióng",
"word": "穷"
},
{
"roman": "qióngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "窮乏"
},
{
"roman": "qióngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "穷乏"
},
{
"roman": "qióngkùn",
"word": "窮困"
},
{
"roman": "qióngkùn",
"word": "穷困"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "窮㾪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "穷㾪"
},
{
"roman": "qióngkǔ",
"word": "窮苦"
},
{
"roman": "qióngkǔ",
"word": "穷苦"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "窮赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "穷赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "艱苦"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "艰苦"
},
{
"roman": "kǔhán",
"word": "苦寒"
},
{
"roman": "pínfá",
"word": "貧乏"
},
{
"roman": "pínfá",
"word": "贫乏"
},
{
"roman": "pínkùn",
"word": "貧困"
},
{
"roman": "pínkùn",
"word": "贫困"
},
{
"roman": "pínhán",
"word": "貧寒"
},
{
"roman": "pínhán",
"word": "贫寒"
},
{
"roman": "pínjí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "貧瘠"
},
{
"roman": "pínjí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "贫瘠"
},
{
"roman": "pínqióng",
"word": "貧窮"
},
{
"roman": "pínqióng",
"word": "贫穷"
},
{
"roman": "pínkǔ",
"word": "貧苦"
},
{
"roman": "pínkǔ",
"word": "贫苦"
},
{
"roman": "luànr",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "亂兒"
},
{
"roman": "luànr",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "乱儿"
},
{
"english": "man-made disaster",
"roman": "rénhuò",
"word": "人禍"
},
{
"english": "man-made disaster",
"roman": "rénhuò",
"word": "人祸"
},
{
"roman": "jié",
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"religion",
"lifestyle"
],
"word": "劫"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "劫煞"
},
{
"roman": "jiénàn",
"word": "劫難"
},
{
"roman": "jiénàn",
"word": "劫难"
},
{
"english": "major catastrophe",
"roman": "dàhuò",
"word": "大禍"
},
{
"english": "major catastrophe",
"roman": "dàhuò",
"word": "大祸"
},
{
"english": "major catastrophe",
"roman": "dànàn",
"word": "大難"
},
{
"english": "major catastrophe",
"roman": "dànàn",
"word": "大难"
},
{
"english": "natural disaster",
"roman": "tiānzāi",
"word": "天災"
},
{
"english": "natural disaster",
"roman": "tiānzāi",
"word": "天灾"
},
{
"roman": "yāng'è",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "央厄"
},
{
"english": "unexpected disaster",
"roman": "qíhuò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "奇禍"
},
{
"english": "unexpected disaster",
"roman": "qíhuò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "奇祸"
},
{
"roman": "jùhuò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "巨禍"
},
{
"roman": "jùhuò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "巨祸"
},
{
"roman": "huàn",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "患"
},
{
"roman": "cǎnshì",
"word": "慘事"
},
{
"roman": "cǎnshì",
"word": "惨事"
},
{
"roman": "cǎnjù",
"word": "慘劇"
},
{
"roman": "cǎnjù",
"word": "惨剧"
},
{
"english": "tragic accident",
"roman": "cǎnhuò",
"word": "慘禍"
},
{
"english": "tragic accident",
"roman": "cǎnhuò",
"word": "惨祸"
},
{
"roman": "sua1 sab4",
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "沙𧐔"
},
{
"roman": "hàojié",
"word": "浩劫"
},
{
"roman": "zāi",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "災"
},
{
"roman": "zāi",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "灾"
},
{
"roman": "zāijié",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "災劫"
},
{
"roman": "zāijié",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "灾劫"
},
{
"roman": "zāi'è",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "災厄"
},
{
"roman": "zāi'è",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "灾厄"
},
{
"roman": "zāihài",
"word": "災害"
},
{
"roman": "zāihài",
"word": "灾害"
},
{
"roman": "zāiyāng",
"word": "災殃"
},
{
"roman": "zāiyāng",
"word": "灾殃"
},
{
"roman": "zāihuò",
"word": "災禍"
},
{
"roman": "zāihuò",
"word": "灾祸"
},
{
"english": "natural disaster",
"roman": "zāibiàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "災變"
},
{
"english": "natural disaster",
"roman": "zāibiàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "灾变"
},
{
"roman": "zāinàn",
"word": "災難"
},
{
"roman": "zāinàn",
"word": "灾难"
},
{
"roman": "yōngjū",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "癰疽"
},
{
"roman": "yōngjū",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "痈疽"
},
{
"roman": "shěnglì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "眚沴"
},
{
"roman": "huò",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "禍"
},
{
"roman": "huò",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "祸"
},
{
"roman": "huòshì",
"word": "禍事"
},
{
"roman": "huòshì",
"word": "祸事"
},
{
"roman": "huòhài",
"word": "禍害"
},
{
"roman": "huòhài",
"word": "祸害"
},
{
"roman": "ho5 si6",
"tags": [
"Xiang"
],
"word": "禍息"
},
{
"roman": "ho5 si6",
"tags": [
"Xiang"
],
"word": "祸息"
},
{
"roman": "huòhuàn",
"word": "禍患"
},
{
"roman": "huòhuàn",
"word": "祸患"
},
{
"roman": "huòyāng",
"word": "禍殃"
},
{
"roman": "huòyāng",
"word": "祸殃"
},
{
"roman": "wēijìng",
"word": "危境"
},
{
"roman": "kùn'è",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "困厄"
},
{
"roman": "kùnjìng",
"word": "困境"
},
{
"roman": "dìbù",
"word": "地步"
},
{
"english": "difficult times at present",
"roman": "shíjiān",
"word": "時艱"
},
{
"english": "difficult times at present",
"roman": "shíjiān",
"word": "时艰"
},
{
"roman": "gōuhè",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "溝壑"
},
{
"roman": "gōuhè",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "沟壑"
},
{
"roman": "wèijǐng",
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
],
"word": "畏景"
},
{
"roman": "chǔjìng",
"word": "處境"
},
{
"roman": "chǔjìng",
"word": "处境"
},
{
"roman": "nìjìng",
"word": "逆境"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Alexander Lubotsky",
"Shuowen Jiezi",
"Wood#Knots"
],
"word": "厄"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese hanzi",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 厄",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zh-pron usage missing POS"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "戹"
},
{
"form": "阨"
},
{
"form": "𠂬"
},
{
"form": "𭠀"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "厄",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese redlinks/zh-l",
"Chinese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Used in 科厄."
],
"links": [
[
"科厄",
"科厄#Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"^‡ Used in 科厄."
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ě"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "è"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "e³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "e⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄜˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄜˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ě"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ě"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "o³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ě"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ee"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "э"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "e"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤ²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "è"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "è"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "o⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "è"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "eh"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤ⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤ²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤ⁵¹/"
}
],
"word": "厄"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese hanzi",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 厄",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "惡",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "惡／恶",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 惡／恶.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "戹"
},
{
"form": "阨"
},
{
"form": "𠂬"
},
{
"form": "𭠀"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "厄",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Teochew Chinese"
],
"glosses": [
"hard; difficult; challenging"
],
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"challenging",
"challenging"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Teochew) hard; difficult; challenging"
],
"tags": [
"Teochew"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"zh-pron": "oh⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "oh⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "oh"
},
{
"ipa": "/oʔ²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/oʔ²/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "bùróngyì",
"word": "不容易"
},
{
"roman": "qín",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "勤"
},
{
"word": "困難"
},
{
"word": "困难"
},
{
"roman": "yínán",
"word": "疑難"
},
{
"roman": "yínán",
"word": "疑难"
},
{
"roman": "liángkǔ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "良苦"
},
{
"roman": "jiānjù",
"word": "艱巨"
},
{
"roman": "jiānjù",
"word": "艰巨"
},
{
"roman": "jiānkǔ",
"word": "艱苦"
},
{
"roman": "jiānkǔ",
"word": "艰苦"
},
{
"roman": "jiānxīn",
"word": "艱辛"
},
{
"roman": "jiānxīn",
"word": "艰辛"
},
{
"roman": "jiānnán",
"word": "艱難"
},
{
"roman": "jiānnán",
"word": "艰难"
},
{
"roman": "kǔnàn",
"word": "苦難"
},
{
"roman": "kǔnàn",
"word": "苦难"
},
{
"roman": "xīnláo",
"word": "辛勞"
},
{
"roman": "xīnláo",
"word": "辛劳"
},
{
"roman": "xīnkǔ",
"word": "辛苦"
},
{
"word": "難"
},
{
"word": "难"
}
],
"word": "厄"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 厄 meaning in Chinese (19.3kB)
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{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "厄/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese adjectives\", \"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 厄\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Eastern Min hanzi\", \"Eastern Min lemmas\", \"Eastern Min nouns\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian B\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian B\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"乘人之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"bīng'è\", \"word\": \"兵厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亚\"}, {\"word\": \"厄會\"}, {\"word\": \"厄会\"}, {\"word\": \"厄爾巴島\"}, {\"word\": \"厄尔巴岛\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èguāduō\", \"word\": \"厄瓜多\"}, {\"word\": \"厄臺\"}, {\"word\": \"厄台\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄運\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄运\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄難\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄难\"}, {\"word\": \"厄魯特族\"}, {\"word\": \"厄鲁特族\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陳之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陈之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"word\": \"水厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消災解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消灾解厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜貧救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜贫救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陳蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陈蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"黃楊厄閏\"}, {\"word\": \"黄杨厄闰\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideograms\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"2\", \"nocap\": \"yes\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogram (指事)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*卩\"}, \"expansion\": \"卩\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*厂\"}, \"expansion\": \"厂\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"戹\"}, \"expansion\": \"戹\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"pron\": \"OC *qreːɡ\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"厂\", \"2\": \"卪\", \"c1\": \"p\", \"c2\": \"s\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"t2\": \"joint; node\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"嗌\", \"2\": \"throat\"}, \"expansion\": \"嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”)\", \"name\": \"och-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"txb\", \"3\": \"räk-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian B räk-\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"xto\", \"3\": \"räk-\", \"t\": \"to stretch, to spread\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”)\", \"name\": \"bor\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Possibly an ideogram (指事) of a person kneeling (卩), and a small stroke to accentuate the knee (now 厂). Not cognate with 戹 (“yoke”) but eventually they shared meanings.\\nShuowen Jiezi interprets it as phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”) – wood knot.\\nProbably related to 嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”) (Schuessler, 2007).\\nOr borrowed from Tocharian B räk- and Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"戹\"}, {\"form\": \"阨\"}, {\"form\": \"𠂬\"}, {\"form\": \"𭠀\"}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"厄\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"harrowing; miserable\"], \"links\": [[\"harrowing\", \"harrowing\"], [\"miserable\", \"miserable\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"disaster; calamity; catastrophe\"], \"links\": [[\"disaster\", \"disaster\"], [\"calamity\", \"calamity\"], [\"catastrophe\", \"catastrophe\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"adversity; difficulty; distress\"], \"links\": [[\"adversity\", \"adversity\"], [\"difficulty\", \"difficulty\"], [\"distress\", \"distress\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"to be stranded\"], \"links\": [[\"strand\", \"strand\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"strategic point\"], \"links\": [[\"strategic\", \"strategic\"], [\"point\", \"point\"]]}, {\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"è, “yoke”\", \"word\": \"軛 /轭\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Alternative form of 軛 /轭 (è, “yoke”)\"], \"links\": [[\"軛\", \"軛#Chinese\"], [\"轭\", \"轭#Chinese\"]], \"tags\": [\"alt-of\", \"alternative\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"Sichuanese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Taishan\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ek\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"êh⁴\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"o⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"э\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āk\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag^ˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag⁵\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Foochow-Romanized\", \"Fuzhou\"], \"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Fuzhou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eq\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iag\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ngeh^入\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁵ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Wiktionary-specific\", \"Xiang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Sinological-IPA\", \"Xiang\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"'eak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qˤ[i]k/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}, {\"other\": \"/ ek /\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\"}, {\"other\": \"[i]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"roman\": \"kùnfá\", \"tags\": [\"formal\"], \"word\": \"困乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjiǒng\", \"word\": \"困窘\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnkǔ\", \"word\": \"困苦\"}, {\"word\": \"困難\"}, {\"word\": \"困难\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困頓\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困顿\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"宋凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散赤\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngkǔ\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"dànbó\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"淡薄\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清貧\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清贫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"㾪赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"磽\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"硗\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"䆀康\"}, {\"roman\": \"kòngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"空乏\"}, {\"word\": \"窄\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngcù\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窘促\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngkùn\", \"word\": \"窘困\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngpò\", \"word\": \"窘迫\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窮乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"穷乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"窮困\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"穷困\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮㾪\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷㾪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"窮苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"穷苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艱苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艰苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔhán\", \"word\": \"苦寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"貧乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"贫乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"貧困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"贫困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"貧寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"贫寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"貧瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"贫瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"貧窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"贫穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"貧苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"贫苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"亂兒\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"乱儿\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人禍\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jié\", \"topics\": [\"Buddhism\", \"religion\", \"lifestyle\"], \"word\": \"劫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"劫煞\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫難\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫难\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大禍\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大祸\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大難\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大难\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天災\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇禍\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huàn\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"患\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"慘事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"惨事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"慘劇\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"惨剧\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"慘禍\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"惨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"sua1 sab4\", \"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"沙𧐔\"}, {\"roman\": \"hàojié\", \"word\": \"浩劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"災\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"災害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"灾害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"災殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"灾殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"災禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"灾祸\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災變\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾变\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"災難\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"灾难\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"癰疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"痈疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"shěnglì\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"眚沴\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"禍事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"祸事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"禍害\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"祸害\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"禍息\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"祸息\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"禍患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"祸患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"禍殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"祸殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"wēijìng\", \"word\": \"危境\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjìng\", \"word\": \"困境\"}, {\"roman\": \"dìbù\", \"word\": \"地步\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"時艱\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"时艰\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"溝壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"沟壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"wèijǐng\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"畏景\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"處境\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"处境\"}, {\"roman\": \"nìjìng\", \"word\": \"逆境\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Alexander Lubotsky\", \"Shuowen Jiezi\", \"Wood#Knots\"], \"word\": \"厄\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "character",
"title": "厄",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "厄/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese adjectives\", \"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 厄\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Eastern Min hanzi\", \"Eastern Min lemmas\", \"Eastern Min nouns\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian B\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian B\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"乘人之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"bīng'è\", \"word\": \"兵厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亚\"}, {\"word\": \"厄會\"}, {\"word\": \"厄会\"}, {\"word\": \"厄爾巴島\"}, {\"word\": \"厄尔巴岛\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èguāduō\", \"word\": \"厄瓜多\"}, {\"word\": \"厄臺\"}, {\"word\": \"厄台\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄運\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄运\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄難\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄难\"}, {\"word\": \"厄魯特族\"}, {\"word\": \"厄鲁特族\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陳之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陈之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"word\": \"水厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消災解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消灾解厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜貧救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜贫救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陳蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陈蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"黃楊厄閏\"}, {\"word\": \"黄杨厄闰\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideograms\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"2\", \"nocap\": \"yes\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogram (指事)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*卩\"}, \"expansion\": \"卩\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*厂\"}, \"expansion\": \"厂\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"戹\"}, \"expansion\": \"戹\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"pron\": \"OC *qreːɡ\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"厂\", \"2\": \"卪\", \"c1\": \"p\", \"c2\": \"s\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"t2\": \"joint; node\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"嗌\", \"2\": \"throat\"}, \"expansion\": \"嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”)\", \"name\": \"och-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"txb\", \"3\": \"räk-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian B räk-\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"xto\", \"3\": \"räk-\", \"t\": \"to stretch, to spread\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”)\", \"name\": \"bor\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Possibly an ideogram (指事) of a person kneeling (卩), and a small stroke to accentuate the knee (now 厂). Not cognate with 戹 (“yoke”) but eventually they shared meanings.\\nShuowen Jiezi interprets it as phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”) – wood knot.\\nProbably related to 嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”) (Schuessler, 2007).\\nOr borrowed from Tocharian B räk- and Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"戹\"}, {\"form\": \"阨\"}, {\"form\": \"𠂬\"}, {\"form\": \"𭠀\"}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"厄\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"harrowing; miserable\"], \"links\": [[\"harrowing\", \"harrowing\"], [\"miserable\", \"miserable\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"disaster; calamity; catastrophe\"], \"links\": [[\"disaster\", \"disaster\"], [\"calamity\", \"calamity\"], [\"catastrophe\", \"catastrophe\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"adversity; difficulty; distress\"], \"links\": [[\"adversity\", \"adversity\"], [\"difficulty\", \"difficulty\"], [\"distress\", \"distress\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"to be stranded\"], \"links\": [[\"strand\", \"strand\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"strategic point\"], \"links\": [[\"strategic\", \"strategic\"], [\"point\", \"point\"]]}, {\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"è, “yoke”\", \"word\": \"軛 /轭\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Alternative form of 軛 /轭 (è, “yoke”)\"], \"links\": [[\"軛\", \"軛#Chinese\"], [\"轭\", \"轭#Chinese\"]], \"tags\": [\"alt-of\", \"alternative\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"Sichuanese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Taishan\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ek\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"êh⁴\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"o⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"э\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āk\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag^ˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag⁵\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Foochow-Romanized\", \"Fuzhou\"], \"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Fuzhou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eq\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iag\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ngeh^入\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁵ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Wiktionary-specific\", \"Xiang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Sinological-IPA\", \"Xiang\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"'eak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qˤ[i]k/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}, {\"other\": \"/ ek /\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\"}, {\"other\": \"[i]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"roman\": \"kùnfá\", \"tags\": [\"formal\"], \"word\": \"困乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjiǒng\", \"word\": \"困窘\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnkǔ\", \"word\": \"困苦\"}, {\"word\": \"困難\"}, {\"word\": \"困难\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困頓\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困顿\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"宋凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散赤\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngkǔ\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"dànbó\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"淡薄\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清貧\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清贫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"㾪赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"磽\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"硗\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"䆀康\"}, {\"roman\": \"kòngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"空乏\"}, {\"word\": \"窄\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngcù\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窘促\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngkùn\", \"word\": \"窘困\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngpò\", \"word\": \"窘迫\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窮乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"穷乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"窮困\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"穷困\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮㾪\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷㾪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"窮苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"穷苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艱苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艰苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔhán\", \"word\": \"苦寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"貧乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"贫乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"貧困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"贫困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"貧寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"贫寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"貧瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"贫瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"貧窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"贫穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"貧苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"贫苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"亂兒\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"乱儿\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人禍\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jié\", \"topics\": [\"Buddhism\", \"religion\", \"lifestyle\"], \"word\": \"劫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"劫煞\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫難\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫难\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大禍\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大祸\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大難\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大难\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天災\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇禍\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huàn\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"患\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"慘事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"惨事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"慘劇\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"惨剧\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"慘禍\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"惨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"sua1 sab4\", \"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"沙𧐔\"}, {\"roman\": \"hàojié\", \"word\": \"浩劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"災\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"災害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"灾害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"災殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"灾殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"災禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"灾祸\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災變\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾变\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"災難\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"灾难\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"癰疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"痈疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"shěnglì\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"眚沴\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"禍事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"祸事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"禍害\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"祸害\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"禍息\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"祸息\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"禍患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"祸患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"禍殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"祸殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"wēijìng\", \"word\": \"危境\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjìng\", \"word\": \"困境\"}, {\"roman\": \"dìbù\", \"word\": \"地步\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"時艱\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"时艰\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"溝壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"沟壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"wèijǐng\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"畏景\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"處境\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"处境\"}, {\"roman\": \"nìjìng\", \"word\": \"逆境\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Alexander Lubotsky\", \"Shuowen Jiezi\", \"Wood#Knots\"], \"word\": \"厄\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "character",
"title": "厄",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "厄/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hanyu-Pinyin not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese adjectives\", \"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 厄\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Eastern Min hanzi\", \"Eastern Min lemmas\", \"Eastern Min nouns\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian B\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian B\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"乘人之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"bīng'è\", \"word\": \"兵厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亚\"}, {\"word\": \"厄會\"}, {\"word\": \"厄会\"}, {\"word\": \"厄爾巴島\"}, {\"word\": \"厄尔巴岛\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èguāduō\", \"word\": \"厄瓜多\"}, {\"word\": \"厄臺\"}, {\"word\": \"厄台\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄運\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄运\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄難\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄难\"}, {\"word\": \"厄魯特族\"}, {\"word\": \"厄鲁特族\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陳之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陈之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"word\": \"水厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消災解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消灾解厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜貧救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜贫救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陳蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陈蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"黃楊厄閏\"}, {\"word\": \"黄杨厄闰\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideograms\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"2\", \"nocap\": \"yes\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogram (指事)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*卩\"}, \"expansion\": \"卩\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*厂\"}, \"expansion\": \"厂\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"戹\"}, \"expansion\": \"戹\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"pron\": \"OC *qreːɡ\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"厂\", \"2\": \"卪\", \"c1\": \"p\", \"c2\": \"s\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"t2\": \"joint; node\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"嗌\", \"2\": \"throat\"}, \"expansion\": \"嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”)\", \"name\": \"och-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"txb\", \"3\": \"räk-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian B räk-\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"xto\", \"3\": \"räk-\", \"t\": \"to stretch, to spread\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”)\", \"name\": \"bor\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Possibly an ideogram (指事) of a person kneeling (卩), and a small stroke to accentuate the knee (now 厂). Not cognate with 戹 (“yoke”) but eventually they shared meanings.\\nShuowen Jiezi interprets it as phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”) – wood knot.\\nProbably related to 嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”) (Schuessler, 2007).\\nOr borrowed from Tocharian B räk- and Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"戹\"}, {\"form\": \"阨\"}, {\"form\": \"𠂬\"}, {\"form\": \"𭠀\"}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"厄\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"harrowing; miserable\"], \"links\": [[\"harrowing\", \"harrowing\"], [\"miserable\", \"miserable\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"disaster; calamity; catastrophe\"], \"links\": [[\"disaster\", \"disaster\"], [\"calamity\", \"calamity\"], [\"catastrophe\", \"catastrophe\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"adversity; difficulty; distress\"], \"links\": [[\"adversity\", \"adversity\"], [\"difficulty\", \"difficulty\"], [\"distress\", \"distress\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"to be stranded\"], \"links\": [[\"strand\", \"strand\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"strategic point\"], \"links\": [[\"strategic\", \"strategic\"], [\"point\", \"point\"]]}, {\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"è, “yoke”\", \"word\": \"軛 /轭\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Alternative form of 軛 /轭 (è, “yoke”)\"], \"links\": [[\"軛\", \"軛#Chinese\"], [\"轭\", \"轭#Chinese\"]], \"tags\": [\"alt-of\", \"alternative\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"Sichuanese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Taishan\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ek\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"êh⁴\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"o⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"э\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āk\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag^ˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag⁵\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Foochow-Romanized\", \"Fuzhou\"], \"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Fuzhou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eq\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iag\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ngeh^入\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁵ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Wiktionary-specific\", \"Xiang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Sinological-IPA\", \"Xiang\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"'eak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qˤ[i]k/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}, {\"other\": \"/ ek /\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\"}, {\"other\": \"[i]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"roman\": \"kùnfá\", \"tags\": [\"formal\"], \"word\": \"困乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjiǒng\", \"word\": \"困窘\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnkǔ\", \"word\": \"困苦\"}, {\"word\": \"困難\"}, {\"word\": \"困难\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困頓\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困顿\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"宋凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散赤\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngkǔ\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"dànbó\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"淡薄\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清貧\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清贫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"㾪赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"磽\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"硗\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"䆀康\"}, {\"roman\": \"kòngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"空乏\"}, {\"word\": \"窄\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngcù\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窘促\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngkùn\", \"word\": \"窘困\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngpò\", \"word\": \"窘迫\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窮乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"穷乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"窮困\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"穷困\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮㾪\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷㾪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"窮苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"穷苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艱苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艰苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔhán\", \"word\": \"苦寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"貧乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"贫乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"貧困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"贫困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"貧寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"贫寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"貧瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"贫瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"貧窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"贫穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"貧苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"贫苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"亂兒\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"乱儿\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人禍\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jié\", \"topics\": [\"Buddhism\", \"religion\", \"lifestyle\"], \"word\": \"劫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"劫煞\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫難\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫难\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大禍\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大祸\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大難\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大难\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天災\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇禍\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huàn\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"患\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"慘事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"惨事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"慘劇\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"惨剧\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"慘禍\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"惨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"sua1 sab4\", \"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"沙𧐔\"}, {\"roman\": \"hàojié\", \"word\": \"浩劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"災\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"災害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"灾害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"災殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"灾殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"災禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"灾祸\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災變\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾变\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"災難\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"灾难\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"癰疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"痈疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"shěnglì\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"眚沴\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"禍事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"祸事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"禍害\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"祸害\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"禍息\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"祸息\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"禍患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"祸患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"禍殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"祸殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"wēijìng\", \"word\": \"危境\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjìng\", \"word\": \"困境\"}, {\"roman\": \"dìbù\", \"word\": \"地步\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"時艱\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"时艰\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"溝壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"沟壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"wèijǐng\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"畏景\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"處境\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"处境\"}, {\"roman\": \"nìjìng\", \"word\": \"逆境\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Alexander Lubotsky\", \"Shuowen Jiezi\", \"Wood#Knots\"], \"word\": \"厄\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "character",
"title": "厄",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "厄/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese adjectives\", \"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 厄\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Eastern Min hanzi\", \"Eastern Min lemmas\", \"Eastern Min nouns\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian B\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian B\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"乘人之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"bīng'è\", \"word\": \"兵厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亚\"}, {\"word\": \"厄會\"}, {\"word\": \"厄会\"}, {\"word\": \"厄爾巴島\"}, {\"word\": \"厄尔巴岛\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èguāduō\", \"word\": \"厄瓜多\"}, {\"word\": \"厄臺\"}, {\"word\": \"厄台\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄運\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄运\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄難\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄难\"}, {\"word\": \"厄魯特族\"}, {\"word\": \"厄鲁特族\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陳之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陈之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"word\": \"水厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消災解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消灾解厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜貧救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜贫救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陳蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陈蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"黃楊厄閏\"}, {\"word\": \"黄杨厄闰\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideograms\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"2\", \"nocap\": \"yes\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogram (指事)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*卩\"}, \"expansion\": \"卩\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*厂\"}, \"expansion\": \"厂\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"戹\"}, \"expansion\": \"戹\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"pron\": \"OC *qreːɡ\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"厂\", \"2\": \"卪\", \"c1\": \"p\", \"c2\": \"s\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"t2\": \"joint; node\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"嗌\", \"2\": \"throat\"}, \"expansion\": \"嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”)\", \"name\": \"och-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"txb\", \"3\": \"räk-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian B räk-\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"xto\", \"3\": \"räk-\", \"t\": \"to stretch, to spread\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”)\", \"name\": \"bor\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Possibly an ideogram (指事) of a person kneeling (卩), and a small stroke to accentuate the knee (now 厂). Not cognate with 戹 (“yoke”) but eventually they shared meanings.\\nShuowen Jiezi interprets it as phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”) – wood knot.\\nProbably related to 嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”) (Schuessler, 2007).\\nOr borrowed from Tocharian B räk- and Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"戹\"}, {\"form\": \"阨\"}, {\"form\": \"𠂬\"}, {\"form\": \"𭠀\"}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"厄\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"harrowing; miserable\"], \"links\": [[\"harrowing\", \"harrowing\"], [\"miserable\", \"miserable\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"disaster; calamity; catastrophe\"], \"links\": [[\"disaster\", \"disaster\"], [\"calamity\", \"calamity\"], [\"catastrophe\", \"catastrophe\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"adversity; difficulty; distress\"], \"links\": [[\"adversity\", \"adversity\"], [\"difficulty\", \"difficulty\"], [\"distress\", \"distress\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"to be stranded\"], \"links\": [[\"strand\", \"strand\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"strategic point\"], \"links\": [[\"strategic\", \"strategic\"], [\"point\", \"point\"]]}, {\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"è, “yoke”\", \"word\": \"軛 /轭\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Alternative form of 軛 /轭 (è, “yoke”)\"], \"links\": [[\"軛\", \"軛#Chinese\"], [\"轭\", \"轭#Chinese\"]], \"tags\": [\"alt-of\", \"alternative\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"Sichuanese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Taishan\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ek\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"êh⁴\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"o⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"э\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āk\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag^ˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag⁵\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Foochow-Romanized\", \"Fuzhou\"], \"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Fuzhou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eq\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iag\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ngeh^入\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁵ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Wiktionary-specific\", \"Xiang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Sinological-IPA\", \"Xiang\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"'eak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qˤ[i]k/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}, {\"other\": \"/ ek /\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\"}, {\"other\": \"[i]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"roman\": \"kùnfá\", \"tags\": [\"formal\"], \"word\": \"困乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjiǒng\", \"word\": \"困窘\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnkǔ\", \"word\": \"困苦\"}, {\"word\": \"困難\"}, {\"word\": \"困难\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困頓\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困顿\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"宋凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散赤\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngkǔ\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"dànbó\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"淡薄\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清貧\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清贫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"㾪赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"磽\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"硗\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"䆀康\"}, {\"roman\": \"kòngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"空乏\"}, {\"word\": \"窄\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngcù\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窘促\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngkùn\", \"word\": \"窘困\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngpò\", \"word\": \"窘迫\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窮乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"穷乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"窮困\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"穷困\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮㾪\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷㾪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"窮苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"穷苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艱苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艰苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔhán\", \"word\": \"苦寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"貧乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"贫乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"貧困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"贫困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"貧寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"贫寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"貧瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"贫瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"貧窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"贫穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"貧苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"贫苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"亂兒\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"乱儿\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人禍\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jié\", \"topics\": [\"Buddhism\", \"religion\", \"lifestyle\"], \"word\": \"劫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"劫煞\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫難\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫难\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大禍\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大祸\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大難\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大难\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天災\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇禍\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huàn\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"患\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"慘事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"惨事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"慘劇\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"惨剧\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"慘禍\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"惨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"sua1 sab4\", \"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"沙𧐔\"}, {\"roman\": \"hàojié\", \"word\": \"浩劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"災\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"災害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"灾害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"災殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"灾殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"災禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"灾祸\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災變\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾变\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"災難\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"灾难\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"癰疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"痈疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"shěnglì\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"眚沴\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"禍事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"祸事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"禍害\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"祸害\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"禍息\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"祸息\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"禍患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"祸患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"禍殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"祸殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"wēijìng\", \"word\": \"危境\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjìng\", \"word\": \"困境\"}, {\"roman\": \"dìbù\", \"word\": \"地步\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"時艱\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"时艰\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"溝壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"沟壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"wèijǐng\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"畏景\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"處境\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"处境\"}, {\"roman\": \"nìjìng\", \"word\": \"逆境\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Alexander Lubotsky\", \"Shuowen Jiezi\", \"Wood#Knots\"], \"word\": \"厄\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "character",
"title": "厄",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "厄/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese adjectives\", \"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 厄\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Eastern Min hanzi\", \"Eastern Min lemmas\", \"Eastern Min nouns\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian B\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian B\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"乘人之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"bīng'è\", \"word\": \"兵厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亚\"}, {\"word\": \"厄會\"}, {\"word\": \"厄会\"}, {\"word\": \"厄爾巴島\"}, {\"word\": \"厄尔巴岛\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èguāduō\", \"word\": \"厄瓜多\"}, {\"word\": \"厄臺\"}, {\"word\": \"厄台\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄運\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄运\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄難\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄难\"}, {\"word\": \"厄魯特族\"}, {\"word\": \"厄鲁特族\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陳之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陈之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"word\": \"水厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消災解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消灾解厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜貧救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜贫救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陳蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陈蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"黃楊厄閏\"}, {\"word\": \"黄杨厄闰\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideograms\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"2\", \"nocap\": \"yes\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogram (指事)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*卩\"}, \"expansion\": \"卩\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*厂\"}, \"expansion\": \"厂\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"戹\"}, \"expansion\": \"戹\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"pron\": \"OC *qreːɡ\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"厂\", \"2\": \"卪\", \"c1\": \"p\", \"c2\": \"s\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"t2\": \"joint; node\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"嗌\", \"2\": \"throat\"}, \"expansion\": \"嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”)\", \"name\": \"och-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"txb\", \"3\": \"räk-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian B räk-\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"xto\", \"3\": \"räk-\", \"t\": \"to stretch, to spread\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”)\", \"name\": \"bor\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Possibly an ideogram (指事) of a person kneeling (卩), and a small stroke to accentuate the knee (now 厂). Not cognate with 戹 (“yoke”) but eventually they shared meanings.\\nShuowen Jiezi interprets it as phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”) – wood knot.\\nProbably related to 嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”) (Schuessler, 2007).\\nOr borrowed from Tocharian B räk- and Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"戹\"}, {\"form\": \"阨\"}, {\"form\": \"𠂬\"}, {\"form\": \"𭠀\"}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"厄\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"harrowing; miserable\"], \"links\": [[\"harrowing\", \"harrowing\"], [\"miserable\", \"miserable\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"disaster; calamity; catastrophe\"], \"links\": [[\"disaster\", \"disaster\"], [\"calamity\", \"calamity\"], [\"catastrophe\", \"catastrophe\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"adversity; difficulty; distress\"], \"links\": [[\"adversity\", \"adversity\"], [\"difficulty\", \"difficulty\"], [\"distress\", \"distress\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"to be stranded\"], \"links\": [[\"strand\", \"strand\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"strategic point\"], \"links\": [[\"strategic\", \"strategic\"], [\"point\", \"point\"]]}, {\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"è, “yoke”\", \"word\": \"軛 /轭\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Alternative form of 軛 /轭 (è, “yoke”)\"], \"links\": [[\"軛\", \"軛#Chinese\"], [\"轭\", \"轭#Chinese\"]], \"tags\": [\"alt-of\", \"alternative\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"Sichuanese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Taishan\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ek\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"êh⁴\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"o⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"э\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āk\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag^ˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag⁵\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Foochow-Romanized\", \"Fuzhou\"], \"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Fuzhou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eq\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iag\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ngeh^入\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁵ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Wiktionary-specific\", \"Xiang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Sinological-IPA\", \"Xiang\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"'eak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qˤ[i]k/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}, {\"other\": \"/ ek /\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\"}, {\"other\": \"[i]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"roman\": \"kùnfá\", \"tags\": [\"formal\"], \"word\": \"困乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjiǒng\", \"word\": \"困窘\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnkǔ\", \"word\": \"困苦\"}, {\"word\": \"困難\"}, {\"word\": \"困难\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困頓\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困顿\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"宋凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散赤\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngkǔ\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"dànbó\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"淡薄\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清貧\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清贫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"㾪赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"磽\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"硗\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"䆀康\"}, {\"roman\": \"kòngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"空乏\"}, {\"word\": \"窄\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngcù\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窘促\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngkùn\", \"word\": \"窘困\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngpò\", \"word\": \"窘迫\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窮乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"穷乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"窮困\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"穷困\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮㾪\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷㾪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"窮苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"穷苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艱苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艰苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔhán\", \"word\": \"苦寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"貧乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"贫乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"貧困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"贫困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"貧寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"贫寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"貧瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"贫瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"貧窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"贫穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"貧苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"贫苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"亂兒\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"乱儿\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人禍\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jié\", \"topics\": [\"Buddhism\", \"religion\", \"lifestyle\"], \"word\": \"劫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"劫煞\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫難\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫难\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大禍\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大祸\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大難\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大难\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天災\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇禍\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huàn\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"患\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"慘事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"惨事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"慘劇\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"惨剧\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"慘禍\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"惨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"sua1 sab4\", \"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"沙𧐔\"}, {\"roman\": \"hàojié\", \"word\": \"浩劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"災\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"災害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"灾害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"災殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"灾殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"災禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"灾祸\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災變\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾变\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"災難\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"灾难\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"癰疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"痈疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"shěnglì\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"眚沴\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"禍事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"祸事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"禍害\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"祸害\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"禍息\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"祸息\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"禍患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"祸患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"禍殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"祸殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"wēijìng\", \"word\": \"危境\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjìng\", \"word\": \"困境\"}, {\"roman\": \"dìbù\", \"word\": \"地步\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"時艱\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"时艰\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"溝壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"沟壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"wèijǐng\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"畏景\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"處境\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"处境\"}, {\"roman\": \"nìjìng\", \"word\": \"逆境\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Alexander Lubotsky\", \"Shuowen Jiezi\", \"Wood#Knots\"], \"word\": \"厄\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "character",
"title": "厄",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "厄/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese adjectives\", \"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 厄\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Eastern Min hanzi\", \"Eastern Min lemmas\", \"Eastern Min nouns\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian B\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian B\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"乘人之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"bīng'è\", \"word\": \"兵厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亚\"}, {\"word\": \"厄會\"}, {\"word\": \"厄会\"}, {\"word\": \"厄爾巴島\"}, {\"word\": \"厄尔巴岛\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èguāduō\", \"word\": \"厄瓜多\"}, {\"word\": \"厄臺\"}, {\"word\": \"厄台\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄運\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄运\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄難\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄难\"}, {\"word\": \"厄魯特族\"}, {\"word\": \"厄鲁特族\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陳之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陈之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"word\": \"水厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消災解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消灾解厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜貧救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜贫救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陳蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陈蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"黃楊厄閏\"}, {\"word\": \"黄杨厄闰\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideograms\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"2\", \"nocap\": \"yes\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogram (指事)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*卩\"}, \"expansion\": \"卩\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*厂\"}, \"expansion\": \"厂\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"戹\"}, \"expansion\": \"戹\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"pron\": \"OC *qreːɡ\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"厂\", \"2\": \"卪\", \"c1\": \"p\", \"c2\": \"s\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"t2\": \"joint; node\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"嗌\", \"2\": \"throat\"}, \"expansion\": \"嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”)\", \"name\": \"och-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"txb\", \"3\": \"räk-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian B räk-\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"xto\", \"3\": \"räk-\", \"t\": \"to stretch, to spread\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”)\", \"name\": \"bor\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Possibly an ideogram (指事) of a person kneeling (卩), and a small stroke to accentuate the knee (now 厂). Not cognate with 戹 (“yoke”) but eventually they shared meanings.\\nShuowen Jiezi interprets it as phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”) – wood knot.\\nProbably related to 嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”) (Schuessler, 2007).\\nOr borrowed from Tocharian B räk- and Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"戹\"}, {\"form\": \"阨\"}, {\"form\": \"𠂬\"}, {\"form\": \"𭠀\"}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"厄\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"harrowing; miserable\"], \"links\": [[\"harrowing\", \"harrowing\"], [\"miserable\", \"miserable\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"disaster; calamity; catastrophe\"], \"links\": [[\"disaster\", \"disaster\"], [\"calamity\", \"calamity\"], [\"catastrophe\", \"catastrophe\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"adversity; difficulty; distress\"], \"links\": [[\"adversity\", \"adversity\"], [\"difficulty\", \"difficulty\"], [\"distress\", \"distress\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"to be stranded\"], \"links\": [[\"strand\", \"strand\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"strategic point\"], \"links\": [[\"strategic\", \"strategic\"], [\"point\", \"point\"]]}, {\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"è, “yoke”\", \"word\": \"軛 /轭\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Alternative form of 軛 /轭 (è, “yoke”)\"], \"links\": [[\"軛\", \"軛#Chinese\"], [\"轭\", \"轭#Chinese\"]], \"tags\": [\"alt-of\", \"alternative\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"Sichuanese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Taishan\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ek\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"êh⁴\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"o⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"э\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āk\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag^ˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag⁵\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Foochow-Romanized\", \"Fuzhou\"], \"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Fuzhou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eq\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iag\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ngeh^入\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁵ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Wiktionary-specific\", \"Xiang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Sinological-IPA\", \"Xiang\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"'eak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qˤ[i]k/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}, {\"other\": \"/ ek /\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\"}, {\"other\": \"[i]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"roman\": \"kùnfá\", \"tags\": [\"formal\"], \"word\": \"困乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjiǒng\", \"word\": \"困窘\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnkǔ\", \"word\": \"困苦\"}, {\"word\": \"困難\"}, {\"word\": \"困难\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困頓\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困顿\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"宋凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散赤\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngkǔ\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"dànbó\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"淡薄\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清貧\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清贫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"㾪赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"磽\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"硗\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"䆀康\"}, {\"roman\": \"kòngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"空乏\"}, {\"word\": \"窄\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngcù\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窘促\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngkùn\", \"word\": \"窘困\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngpò\", \"word\": \"窘迫\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窮乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"穷乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"窮困\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"穷困\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮㾪\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷㾪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"窮苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"穷苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艱苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艰苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔhán\", \"word\": \"苦寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"貧乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"贫乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"貧困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"贫困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"貧寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"贫寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"貧瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"贫瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"貧窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"贫穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"貧苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"贫苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"亂兒\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"乱儿\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人禍\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jié\", \"topics\": [\"Buddhism\", \"religion\", \"lifestyle\"], \"word\": \"劫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"劫煞\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫難\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫难\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大禍\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大祸\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大難\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大难\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天災\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇禍\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huàn\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"患\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"慘事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"惨事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"慘劇\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"惨剧\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"慘禍\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"惨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"sua1 sab4\", \"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"沙𧐔\"}, {\"roman\": \"hàojié\", \"word\": \"浩劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"災\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"災害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"灾害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"災殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"灾殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"災禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"灾祸\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災變\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾变\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"災難\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"灾难\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"癰疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"痈疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"shěnglì\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"眚沴\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"禍事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"祸事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"禍害\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"祸害\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"禍息\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"祸息\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"禍患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"祸患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"禍殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"祸殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"wēijìng\", \"word\": \"危境\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjìng\", \"word\": \"困境\"}, {\"roman\": \"dìbù\", \"word\": \"地步\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"時艱\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"时艰\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"溝壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"沟壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"wèijǐng\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"畏景\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"處境\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"处境\"}, {\"roman\": \"nìjìng\", \"word\": \"逆境\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Alexander Lubotsky\", \"Shuowen Jiezi\", \"Wood#Knots\"], \"word\": \"厄\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "character",
"title": "厄",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "厄/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese adjectives\", \"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 厄\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Eastern Min hanzi\", \"Eastern Min lemmas\", \"Eastern Min nouns\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian B\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian B\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"乘人之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"bīng'è\", \"word\": \"兵厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亚\"}, {\"word\": \"厄會\"}, {\"word\": \"厄会\"}, {\"word\": \"厄爾巴島\"}, {\"word\": \"厄尔巴岛\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èguāduō\", \"word\": \"厄瓜多\"}, {\"word\": \"厄臺\"}, {\"word\": \"厄台\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄運\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄运\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄難\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄难\"}, {\"word\": \"厄魯特族\"}, {\"word\": \"厄鲁特族\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陳之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陈之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"word\": \"水厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消災解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消灾解厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜貧救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜贫救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陳蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陈蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"黃楊厄閏\"}, {\"word\": \"黄杨厄闰\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideograms\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"2\", \"nocap\": \"yes\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogram (指事)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*卩\"}, \"expansion\": \"卩\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*厂\"}, \"expansion\": \"厂\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"戹\"}, \"expansion\": \"戹\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"pron\": \"OC *qreːɡ\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"厂\", \"2\": \"卪\", \"c1\": \"p\", \"c2\": \"s\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"t2\": \"joint; node\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"嗌\", \"2\": \"throat\"}, \"expansion\": \"嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”)\", \"name\": \"och-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"txb\", \"3\": \"räk-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian B räk-\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"xto\", \"3\": \"räk-\", \"t\": \"to stretch, to spread\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”)\", \"name\": \"bor\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Possibly an ideogram (指事) of a person kneeling (卩), and a small stroke to accentuate the knee (now 厂). Not cognate with 戹 (“yoke”) but eventually they shared meanings.\\nShuowen Jiezi interprets it as phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”) – wood knot.\\nProbably related to 嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”) (Schuessler, 2007).\\nOr borrowed from Tocharian B räk- and Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"戹\"}, {\"form\": \"阨\"}, {\"form\": \"𠂬\"}, {\"form\": \"𭠀\"}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"厄\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"harrowing; miserable\"], \"links\": [[\"harrowing\", \"harrowing\"], [\"miserable\", \"miserable\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"disaster; calamity; catastrophe\"], \"links\": [[\"disaster\", \"disaster\"], [\"calamity\", \"calamity\"], [\"catastrophe\", \"catastrophe\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"adversity; difficulty; distress\"], \"links\": [[\"adversity\", \"adversity\"], [\"difficulty\", \"difficulty\"], [\"distress\", \"distress\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"to be stranded\"], \"links\": [[\"strand\", \"strand\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"strategic point\"], \"links\": [[\"strategic\", \"strategic\"], [\"point\", \"point\"]]}, {\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"è, “yoke”\", \"word\": \"軛 /轭\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Alternative form of 軛 /轭 (è, “yoke”)\"], \"links\": [[\"軛\", \"軛#Chinese\"], [\"轭\", \"轭#Chinese\"]], \"tags\": [\"alt-of\", \"alternative\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"Sichuanese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Taishan\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ek\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"êh⁴\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"o⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"э\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āk\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag^ˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag⁵\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Foochow-Romanized\", \"Fuzhou\"], \"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Fuzhou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eq\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iag\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ngeh^入\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁵ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Wiktionary-specific\", \"Xiang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Sinological-IPA\", \"Xiang\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"'eak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qˤ[i]k/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}, {\"other\": \"/ ek /\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\"}, {\"other\": \"[i]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"roman\": \"kùnfá\", \"tags\": [\"formal\"], \"word\": \"困乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjiǒng\", \"word\": \"困窘\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnkǔ\", \"word\": \"困苦\"}, {\"word\": \"困難\"}, {\"word\": \"困难\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困頓\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困顿\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"宋凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散赤\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngkǔ\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"dànbó\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"淡薄\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清貧\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清贫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"㾪赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"磽\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"硗\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"䆀康\"}, {\"roman\": \"kòngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"空乏\"}, {\"word\": \"窄\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngcù\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窘促\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngkùn\", \"word\": \"窘困\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngpò\", \"word\": \"窘迫\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窮乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"穷乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"窮困\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"穷困\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮㾪\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷㾪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"窮苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"穷苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艱苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艰苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔhán\", \"word\": \"苦寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"貧乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"贫乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"貧困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"贫困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"貧寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"贫寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"貧瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"贫瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"貧窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"贫穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"貧苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"贫苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"亂兒\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"乱儿\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人禍\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jié\", \"topics\": [\"Buddhism\", \"religion\", \"lifestyle\"], \"word\": \"劫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"劫煞\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫難\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫难\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大禍\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大祸\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大難\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大难\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天災\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇禍\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huàn\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"患\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"慘事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"惨事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"慘劇\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"惨剧\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"慘禍\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"惨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"sua1 sab4\", \"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"沙𧐔\"}, {\"roman\": \"hàojié\", \"word\": \"浩劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"災\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"災害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"灾害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"災殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"灾殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"災禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"灾祸\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災變\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾变\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"災難\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"灾难\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"癰疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"痈疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"shěnglì\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"眚沴\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"禍事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"祸事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"禍害\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"祸害\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"禍息\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"祸息\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"禍患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"祸患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"禍殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"祸殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"wēijìng\", \"word\": \"危境\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjìng\", \"word\": \"困境\"}, {\"roman\": \"dìbù\", \"word\": \"地步\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"時艱\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"时艰\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"溝壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"沟壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"wèijǐng\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"畏景\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"處境\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"处境\"}, {\"roman\": \"nìjìng\", \"word\": \"逆境\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Alexander Lubotsky\", \"Shuowen Jiezi\", \"Wood#Knots\"], \"word\": \"厄\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "character",
"title": "厄",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "厄/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese adjectives\", \"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 厄\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Eastern Min hanzi\", \"Eastern Min lemmas\", \"Eastern Min nouns\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian B\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian B\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"乘人之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"bīng'è\", \"word\": \"兵厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亚\"}, {\"word\": \"厄會\"}, {\"word\": \"厄会\"}, {\"word\": \"厄爾巴島\"}, {\"word\": \"厄尔巴岛\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èguāduō\", \"word\": \"厄瓜多\"}, {\"word\": \"厄臺\"}, {\"word\": \"厄台\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄運\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄运\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄難\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄难\"}, {\"word\": \"厄魯特族\"}, {\"word\": \"厄鲁特族\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陳之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陈之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"word\": \"水厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消災解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消灾解厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜貧救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜贫救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陳蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陈蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"黃楊厄閏\"}, {\"word\": \"黄杨厄闰\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideograms\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"2\", \"nocap\": \"yes\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogram (指事)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*卩\"}, \"expansion\": \"卩\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*厂\"}, \"expansion\": \"厂\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"戹\"}, \"expansion\": \"戹\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"pron\": \"OC *qreːɡ\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"厂\", \"2\": \"卪\", \"c1\": \"p\", \"c2\": \"s\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"t2\": \"joint; node\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"嗌\", \"2\": \"throat\"}, \"expansion\": \"嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”)\", \"name\": \"och-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"txb\", \"3\": \"räk-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian B räk-\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"xto\", \"3\": \"räk-\", \"t\": \"to stretch, to spread\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”)\", \"name\": \"bor\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Possibly an ideogram (指事) of a person kneeling (卩), and a small stroke to accentuate the knee (now 厂). Not cognate with 戹 (“yoke”) but eventually they shared meanings.\\nShuowen Jiezi interprets it as phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”) – wood knot.\\nProbably related to 嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”) (Schuessler, 2007).\\nOr borrowed from Tocharian B räk- and Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"戹\"}, {\"form\": \"阨\"}, {\"form\": \"𠂬\"}, {\"form\": \"𭠀\"}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"厄\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"harrowing; miserable\"], \"links\": [[\"harrowing\", \"harrowing\"], [\"miserable\", \"miserable\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"disaster; calamity; catastrophe\"], \"links\": [[\"disaster\", \"disaster\"], [\"calamity\", \"calamity\"], [\"catastrophe\", \"catastrophe\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"adversity; difficulty; distress\"], \"links\": [[\"adversity\", \"adversity\"], [\"difficulty\", \"difficulty\"], [\"distress\", \"distress\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"to be stranded\"], \"links\": [[\"strand\", \"strand\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"strategic point\"], \"links\": [[\"strategic\", \"strategic\"], [\"point\", \"point\"]]}, {\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"è, “yoke”\", \"word\": \"軛 /轭\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Alternative form of 軛 /轭 (è, “yoke”)\"], \"links\": [[\"軛\", \"軛#Chinese\"], [\"轭\", \"轭#Chinese\"]], \"tags\": [\"alt-of\", \"alternative\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"Sichuanese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Taishan\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ek\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"êh⁴\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"o⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"э\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āk\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag^ˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag⁵\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Foochow-Romanized\", \"Fuzhou\"], \"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Fuzhou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eq\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iag\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ngeh^入\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁵ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Wiktionary-specific\", \"Xiang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Sinological-IPA\", \"Xiang\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"'eak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qˤ[i]k/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}, {\"other\": \"/ ek /\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\"}, {\"other\": \"[i]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"roman\": \"kùnfá\", \"tags\": [\"formal\"], \"word\": \"困乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjiǒng\", \"word\": \"困窘\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnkǔ\", \"word\": \"困苦\"}, {\"word\": \"困難\"}, {\"word\": \"困难\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困頓\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困顿\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"宋凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散赤\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngkǔ\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"dànbó\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"淡薄\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清貧\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清贫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"㾪赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"磽\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"硗\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"䆀康\"}, {\"roman\": \"kòngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"空乏\"}, {\"word\": \"窄\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngcù\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窘促\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngkùn\", \"word\": \"窘困\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngpò\", \"word\": \"窘迫\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窮乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"穷乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"窮困\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"穷困\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮㾪\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷㾪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"窮苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"穷苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艱苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艰苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔhán\", \"word\": \"苦寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"貧乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"贫乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"貧困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"贫困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"貧寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"贫寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"貧瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"贫瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"貧窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"贫穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"貧苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"贫苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"亂兒\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"乱儿\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人禍\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jié\", \"topics\": [\"Buddhism\", \"religion\", \"lifestyle\"], \"word\": \"劫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"劫煞\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫難\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫难\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大禍\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大祸\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大難\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大难\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天災\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇禍\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huàn\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"患\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"慘事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"惨事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"慘劇\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"惨剧\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"慘禍\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"惨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"sua1 sab4\", \"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"沙𧐔\"}, {\"roman\": \"hàojié\", \"word\": \"浩劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"災\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"災害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"灾害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"災殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"灾殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"災禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"灾祸\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災變\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾变\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"災難\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"灾难\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"癰疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"痈疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"shěnglì\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"眚沴\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"禍事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"祸事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"禍害\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"祸害\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"禍息\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"祸息\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"禍患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"祸患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"禍殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"祸殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"wēijìng\", \"word\": \"危境\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjìng\", \"word\": \"困境\"}, {\"roman\": \"dìbù\", \"word\": \"地步\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"時艱\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"时艰\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"溝壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"沟壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"wèijǐng\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"畏景\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"處境\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"处境\"}, {\"roman\": \"nìjìng\", \"word\": \"逆境\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Alexander Lubotsky\", \"Shuowen Jiezi\", \"Wood#Knots\"], \"word\": \"厄\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "character",
"title": "厄",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "厄/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese adjectives\", \"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 厄\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Eastern Min hanzi\", \"Eastern Min lemmas\", \"Eastern Min nouns\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian B\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian B\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"乘人之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"bīng'è\", \"word\": \"兵厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亚\"}, {\"word\": \"厄會\"}, {\"word\": \"厄会\"}, {\"word\": \"厄爾巴島\"}, {\"word\": \"厄尔巴岛\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èguāduō\", \"word\": \"厄瓜多\"}, {\"word\": \"厄臺\"}, {\"word\": \"厄台\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄運\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄运\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄難\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄难\"}, {\"word\": \"厄魯特族\"}, {\"word\": \"厄鲁特族\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陳之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陈之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"word\": \"水厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消災解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消灾解厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜貧救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜贫救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陳蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陈蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"黃楊厄閏\"}, {\"word\": \"黄杨厄闰\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideograms\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"2\", \"nocap\": \"yes\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogram (指事)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*卩\"}, \"expansion\": \"卩\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*厂\"}, \"expansion\": \"厂\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"戹\"}, \"expansion\": \"戹\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"pron\": \"OC *qreːɡ\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"厂\", \"2\": \"卪\", \"c1\": \"p\", \"c2\": \"s\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"t2\": \"joint; node\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"嗌\", \"2\": \"throat\"}, \"expansion\": \"嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”)\", \"name\": \"och-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"txb\", \"3\": \"räk-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian B räk-\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"xto\", \"3\": \"räk-\", \"t\": \"to stretch, to spread\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”)\", \"name\": \"bor\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Possibly an ideogram (指事) of a person kneeling (卩), and a small stroke to accentuate the knee (now 厂). Not cognate with 戹 (“yoke”) but eventually they shared meanings.\\nShuowen Jiezi interprets it as phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”) – wood knot.\\nProbably related to 嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”) (Schuessler, 2007).\\nOr borrowed from Tocharian B räk- and Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"戹\"}, {\"form\": \"阨\"}, {\"form\": \"𠂬\"}, {\"form\": \"𭠀\"}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"厄\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"harrowing; miserable\"], \"links\": [[\"harrowing\", \"harrowing\"], [\"miserable\", \"miserable\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"disaster; calamity; catastrophe\"], \"links\": [[\"disaster\", \"disaster\"], [\"calamity\", \"calamity\"], [\"catastrophe\", \"catastrophe\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"adversity; difficulty; distress\"], \"links\": [[\"adversity\", \"adversity\"], [\"difficulty\", \"difficulty\"], [\"distress\", \"distress\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"to be stranded\"], \"links\": [[\"strand\", \"strand\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"strategic point\"], \"links\": [[\"strategic\", \"strategic\"], [\"point\", \"point\"]]}, {\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"è, “yoke”\", \"word\": \"軛 /轭\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Alternative form of 軛 /轭 (è, “yoke”)\"], \"links\": [[\"軛\", \"軛#Chinese\"], [\"轭\", \"轭#Chinese\"]], \"tags\": [\"alt-of\", \"alternative\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"Sichuanese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Taishan\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ek\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"êh⁴\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"o⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"э\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āk\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag^ˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag⁵\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Foochow-Romanized\", \"Fuzhou\"], \"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Fuzhou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eq\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iag\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ngeh^入\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁵ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Wiktionary-specific\", \"Xiang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Sinological-IPA\", \"Xiang\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"'eak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qˤ[i]k/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}, {\"other\": \"/ ek /\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\"}, {\"other\": \"[i]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"roman\": \"kùnfá\", \"tags\": [\"formal\"], \"word\": \"困乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjiǒng\", \"word\": \"困窘\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnkǔ\", \"word\": \"困苦\"}, {\"word\": \"困難\"}, {\"word\": \"困难\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困頓\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困顿\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"宋凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散赤\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngkǔ\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"dànbó\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"淡薄\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清貧\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清贫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"㾪赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"磽\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"硗\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"䆀康\"}, {\"roman\": \"kòngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"空乏\"}, {\"word\": \"窄\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngcù\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窘促\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngkùn\", \"word\": \"窘困\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngpò\", \"word\": \"窘迫\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窮乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"穷乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"窮困\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"穷困\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮㾪\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷㾪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"窮苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"穷苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艱苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艰苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔhán\", \"word\": \"苦寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"貧乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"贫乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"貧困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"贫困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"貧寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"贫寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"貧瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"贫瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"貧窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"贫穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"貧苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"贫苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"亂兒\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"乱儿\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人禍\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jié\", \"topics\": [\"Buddhism\", \"religion\", \"lifestyle\"], \"word\": \"劫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"劫煞\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫難\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫难\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大禍\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大祸\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大難\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大难\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天災\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇禍\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huàn\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"患\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"慘事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"惨事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"慘劇\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"惨剧\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"慘禍\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"惨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"sua1 sab4\", \"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"沙𧐔\"}, {\"roman\": \"hàojié\", \"word\": \"浩劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"災\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"災害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"灾害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"災殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"灾殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"災禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"灾祸\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災變\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾变\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"災難\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"灾难\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"癰疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"痈疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"shěnglì\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"眚沴\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"禍事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"祸事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"禍害\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"祸害\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"禍息\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"祸息\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"禍患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"祸患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"禍殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"祸殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"wēijìng\", \"word\": \"危境\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjìng\", \"word\": \"困境\"}, {\"roman\": \"dìbù\", \"word\": \"地步\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"時艱\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"时艰\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"溝壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"沟壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"wèijǐng\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"畏景\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"處境\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"处境\"}, {\"roman\": \"nìjìng\", \"word\": \"逆境\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Alexander Lubotsky\", \"Shuowen Jiezi\", \"Wood#Knots\"], \"word\": \"厄\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "character",
"title": "厄",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "厄/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese adjectives\", \"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 厄\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Eastern Min hanzi\", \"Eastern Min lemmas\", \"Eastern Min nouns\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian B\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian B\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"乘人之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"bīng'è\", \"word\": \"兵厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亚\"}, {\"word\": \"厄會\"}, {\"word\": \"厄会\"}, {\"word\": \"厄爾巴島\"}, {\"word\": \"厄尔巴岛\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èguāduō\", \"word\": \"厄瓜多\"}, {\"word\": \"厄臺\"}, {\"word\": \"厄台\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄運\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄运\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄難\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄难\"}, {\"word\": \"厄魯特族\"}, {\"word\": \"厄鲁特族\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陳之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陈之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"word\": \"水厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消災解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消灾解厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜貧救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜贫救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陳蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陈蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"黃楊厄閏\"}, {\"word\": \"黄杨厄闰\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideograms\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"2\", \"nocap\": \"yes\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogram (指事)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*卩\"}, \"expansion\": \"卩\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*厂\"}, \"expansion\": \"厂\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"戹\"}, \"expansion\": \"戹\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"pron\": \"OC *qreːɡ\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"厂\", \"2\": \"卪\", \"c1\": \"p\", \"c2\": \"s\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"t2\": \"joint; node\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"嗌\", \"2\": \"throat\"}, \"expansion\": \"嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”)\", \"name\": \"och-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"txb\", \"3\": \"räk-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian B räk-\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"xto\", \"3\": \"räk-\", \"t\": \"to stretch, to spread\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”)\", \"name\": \"bor\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Possibly an ideogram (指事) of a person kneeling (卩), and a small stroke to accentuate the knee (now 厂). Not cognate with 戹 (“yoke”) but eventually they shared meanings.\\nShuowen Jiezi interprets it as phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”) – wood knot.\\nProbably related to 嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”) (Schuessler, 2007).\\nOr borrowed from Tocharian B räk- and Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"戹\"}, {\"form\": \"阨\"}, {\"form\": \"𠂬\"}, {\"form\": \"𭠀\"}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"厄\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"harrowing; miserable\"], \"links\": [[\"harrowing\", \"harrowing\"], [\"miserable\", \"miserable\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"disaster; calamity; catastrophe\"], \"links\": [[\"disaster\", \"disaster\"], [\"calamity\", \"calamity\"], [\"catastrophe\", \"catastrophe\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"adversity; difficulty; distress\"], \"links\": [[\"adversity\", \"adversity\"], [\"difficulty\", \"difficulty\"], [\"distress\", \"distress\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"to be stranded\"], \"links\": [[\"strand\", \"strand\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"strategic point\"], \"links\": [[\"strategic\", \"strategic\"], [\"point\", \"point\"]]}, {\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"è, “yoke”\", \"word\": \"軛 /轭\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Alternative form of 軛 /轭 (è, “yoke”)\"], \"links\": [[\"軛\", \"軛#Chinese\"], [\"轭\", \"轭#Chinese\"]], \"tags\": [\"alt-of\", \"alternative\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"Sichuanese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Taishan\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ek\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"êh⁴\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"o⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"э\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āk\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag^ˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag⁵\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Foochow-Romanized\", \"Fuzhou\"], \"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Fuzhou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eq\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iag\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ngeh^入\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁵ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Wiktionary-specific\", \"Xiang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Sinological-IPA\", \"Xiang\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"'eak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qˤ[i]k/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}, {\"other\": \"/ ek /\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\"}, {\"other\": \"[i]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"roman\": \"kùnfá\", \"tags\": [\"formal\"], \"word\": \"困乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjiǒng\", \"word\": \"困窘\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnkǔ\", \"word\": \"困苦\"}, {\"word\": \"困難\"}, {\"word\": \"困难\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困頓\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困顿\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"宋凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散赤\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngkǔ\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"dànbó\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"淡薄\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清貧\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清贫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"㾪赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"磽\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"硗\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"䆀康\"}, {\"roman\": \"kòngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"空乏\"}, {\"word\": \"窄\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngcù\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窘促\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngkùn\", \"word\": \"窘困\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngpò\", \"word\": \"窘迫\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窮乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"穷乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"窮困\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"穷困\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮㾪\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷㾪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"窮苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"穷苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艱苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艰苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔhán\", \"word\": \"苦寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"貧乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"贫乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"貧困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"贫困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"貧寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"贫寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"貧瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"贫瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"貧窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"贫穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"貧苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"贫苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"亂兒\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"乱儿\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人禍\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jié\", \"topics\": [\"Buddhism\", \"religion\", \"lifestyle\"], \"word\": \"劫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"劫煞\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫難\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫难\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大禍\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大祸\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大難\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大难\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天災\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇禍\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huàn\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"患\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"慘事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"惨事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"慘劇\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"惨剧\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"慘禍\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"惨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"sua1 sab4\", \"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"沙𧐔\"}, {\"roman\": \"hàojié\", \"word\": \"浩劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"災\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"災害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"灾害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"災殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"灾殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"災禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"灾祸\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災變\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾变\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"災難\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"灾难\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"癰疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"痈疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"shěnglì\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"眚沴\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"禍事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"祸事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"禍害\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"祸害\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"禍息\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"祸息\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"禍患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"祸患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"禍殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"祸殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"wēijìng\", \"word\": \"危境\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjìng\", \"word\": \"困境\"}, {\"roman\": \"dìbù\", \"word\": \"地步\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"時艱\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"时艰\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"溝壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"沟壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"wèijǐng\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"畏景\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"處境\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"处境\"}, {\"roman\": \"nìjìng\", \"word\": \"逆境\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Alexander Lubotsky\", \"Shuowen Jiezi\", \"Wood#Knots\"], \"word\": \"厄\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "character",
"title": "厄",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "厄/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese adjectives\", \"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 厄\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Eastern Min hanzi\", \"Eastern Min lemmas\", \"Eastern Min nouns\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian B\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian B\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"乘人之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"bīng'è\", \"word\": \"兵厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亚\"}, {\"word\": \"厄會\"}, {\"word\": \"厄会\"}, {\"word\": \"厄爾巴島\"}, {\"word\": \"厄尔巴岛\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èguāduō\", \"word\": \"厄瓜多\"}, {\"word\": \"厄臺\"}, {\"word\": \"厄台\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄運\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄运\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄難\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄难\"}, {\"word\": \"厄魯特族\"}, {\"word\": \"厄鲁特族\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陳之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陈之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"word\": \"水厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消災解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消灾解厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜貧救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜贫救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陳蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陈蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"黃楊厄閏\"}, {\"word\": \"黄杨厄闰\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideograms\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"2\", \"nocap\": \"yes\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogram (指事)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*卩\"}, \"expansion\": \"卩\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*厂\"}, \"expansion\": \"厂\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"戹\"}, \"expansion\": \"戹\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"pron\": \"OC *qreːɡ\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"厂\", \"2\": \"卪\", \"c1\": \"p\", \"c2\": \"s\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"t2\": \"joint; node\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"嗌\", \"2\": \"throat\"}, \"expansion\": \"嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”)\", \"name\": \"och-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"txb\", \"3\": \"räk-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian B räk-\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"xto\", \"3\": \"räk-\", \"t\": \"to stretch, to spread\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”)\", \"name\": \"bor\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Possibly an ideogram (指事) of a person kneeling (卩), and a small stroke to accentuate the knee (now 厂). Not cognate with 戹 (“yoke”) but eventually they shared meanings.\\nShuowen Jiezi interprets it as phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”) – wood knot.\\nProbably related to 嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”) (Schuessler, 2007).\\nOr borrowed from Tocharian B räk- and Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"戹\"}, {\"form\": \"阨\"}, {\"form\": \"𠂬\"}, {\"form\": \"𭠀\"}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"厄\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"harrowing; miserable\"], \"links\": [[\"harrowing\", \"harrowing\"], [\"miserable\", \"miserable\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"disaster; calamity; catastrophe\"], \"links\": [[\"disaster\", \"disaster\"], [\"calamity\", \"calamity\"], [\"catastrophe\", \"catastrophe\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"adversity; difficulty; distress\"], \"links\": [[\"adversity\", \"adversity\"], [\"difficulty\", \"difficulty\"], [\"distress\", \"distress\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"to be stranded\"], \"links\": [[\"strand\", \"strand\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"strategic point\"], \"links\": [[\"strategic\", \"strategic\"], [\"point\", \"point\"]]}, {\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"è, “yoke”\", \"word\": \"軛 /轭\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Alternative form of 軛 /轭 (è, “yoke”)\"], \"links\": [[\"軛\", \"軛#Chinese\"], [\"轭\", \"轭#Chinese\"]], \"tags\": [\"alt-of\", \"alternative\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"Sichuanese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Taishan\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ek\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"êh⁴\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"o⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"э\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āk\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag^ˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag⁵\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Foochow-Romanized\", \"Fuzhou\"], \"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Fuzhou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eq\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iag\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ngeh^入\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁵ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Wiktionary-specific\", \"Xiang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Sinological-IPA\", \"Xiang\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"'eak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qˤ[i]k/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}, {\"other\": \"/ ek /\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\"}, {\"other\": \"[i]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"roman\": \"kùnfá\", \"tags\": [\"formal\"], \"word\": \"困乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjiǒng\", \"word\": \"困窘\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnkǔ\", \"word\": \"困苦\"}, {\"word\": \"困難\"}, {\"word\": \"困难\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困頓\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困顿\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"宋凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散赤\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngkǔ\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"dànbó\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"淡薄\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清貧\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清贫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"㾪赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"磽\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"硗\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"䆀康\"}, {\"roman\": \"kòngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"空乏\"}, {\"word\": \"窄\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngcù\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窘促\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngkùn\", \"word\": \"窘困\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngpò\", \"word\": \"窘迫\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窮乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"穷乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"窮困\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"穷困\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮㾪\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷㾪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"窮苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"穷苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艱苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艰苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔhán\", \"word\": \"苦寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"貧乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"贫乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"貧困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"贫困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"貧寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"贫寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"貧瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"贫瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"貧窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"贫穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"貧苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"贫苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"亂兒\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"乱儿\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人禍\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jié\", \"topics\": [\"Buddhism\", \"religion\", \"lifestyle\"], \"word\": \"劫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"劫煞\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫難\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫难\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大禍\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大祸\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大難\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大难\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天災\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇禍\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huàn\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"患\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"慘事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"惨事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"慘劇\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"惨剧\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"慘禍\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"惨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"sua1 sab4\", \"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"沙𧐔\"}, {\"roman\": \"hàojié\", \"word\": \"浩劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"災\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"災害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"灾害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"災殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"灾殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"災禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"灾祸\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災變\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾变\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"災難\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"灾难\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"癰疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"痈疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"shěnglì\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"眚沴\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"禍事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"祸事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"禍害\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"祸害\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"禍息\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"祸息\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"禍患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"祸患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"禍殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"祸殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"wēijìng\", \"word\": \"危境\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjìng\", \"word\": \"困境\"}, {\"roman\": \"dìbù\", \"word\": \"地步\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"時艱\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"时艰\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"溝壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"沟壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"wèijǐng\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"畏景\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"處境\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"处境\"}, {\"roman\": \"nìjìng\", \"word\": \"逆境\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Alexander Lubotsky\", \"Shuowen Jiezi\", \"Wood#Knots\"], \"word\": \"厄\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "character",
"title": "厄",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "厄/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Middle-Chinese not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese adjectives\", \"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 厄\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Eastern Min hanzi\", \"Eastern Min lemmas\", \"Eastern Min nouns\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian B\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian B\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"乘人之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"bīng'è\", \"word\": \"兵厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亚\"}, {\"word\": \"厄會\"}, {\"word\": \"厄会\"}, {\"word\": \"厄爾巴島\"}, {\"word\": \"厄尔巴岛\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èguāduō\", \"word\": \"厄瓜多\"}, {\"word\": \"厄臺\"}, {\"word\": \"厄台\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄運\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄运\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄難\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄难\"}, {\"word\": \"厄魯特族\"}, {\"word\": \"厄鲁特族\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陳之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陈之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"word\": \"水厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消災解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消灾解厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜貧救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜贫救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陳蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陈蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"黃楊厄閏\"}, {\"word\": \"黄杨厄闰\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideograms\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"2\", \"nocap\": \"yes\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogram (指事)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*卩\"}, \"expansion\": \"卩\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*厂\"}, \"expansion\": \"厂\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"戹\"}, \"expansion\": \"戹\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"pron\": \"OC *qreːɡ\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"厂\", \"2\": \"卪\", \"c1\": \"p\", \"c2\": \"s\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"t2\": \"joint; node\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"嗌\", \"2\": \"throat\"}, \"expansion\": \"嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”)\", \"name\": \"och-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"txb\", \"3\": \"räk-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian B räk-\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"xto\", \"3\": \"räk-\", \"t\": \"to stretch, to spread\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”)\", \"name\": \"bor\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Possibly an ideogram (指事) of a person kneeling (卩), and a small stroke to accentuate the knee (now 厂). Not cognate with 戹 (“yoke”) but eventually they shared meanings.\\nShuowen Jiezi interprets it as phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”) – wood knot.\\nProbably related to 嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”) (Schuessler, 2007).\\nOr borrowed from Tocharian B räk- and Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"戹\"}, {\"form\": \"阨\"}, {\"form\": \"𠂬\"}, {\"form\": \"𭠀\"}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"厄\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"harrowing; miserable\"], \"links\": [[\"harrowing\", \"harrowing\"], [\"miserable\", \"miserable\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"disaster; calamity; catastrophe\"], \"links\": [[\"disaster\", \"disaster\"], [\"calamity\", \"calamity\"], [\"catastrophe\", \"catastrophe\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"adversity; difficulty; distress\"], \"links\": [[\"adversity\", \"adversity\"], [\"difficulty\", \"difficulty\"], [\"distress\", \"distress\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"to be stranded\"], \"links\": [[\"strand\", \"strand\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"strategic point\"], \"links\": [[\"strategic\", \"strategic\"], [\"point\", \"point\"]]}, {\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"è, “yoke”\", \"word\": \"軛 /轭\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Alternative form of 軛 /轭 (è, “yoke”)\"], \"links\": [[\"軛\", \"軛#Chinese\"], [\"轭\", \"轭#Chinese\"]], \"tags\": [\"alt-of\", \"alternative\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"Sichuanese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Taishan\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ek\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"êh⁴\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"o⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"э\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āk\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag^ˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag⁵\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Foochow-Romanized\", \"Fuzhou\"], \"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Fuzhou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eq\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iag\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ngeh^入\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁵ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Wiktionary-specific\", \"Xiang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Sinological-IPA\", \"Xiang\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"'eak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qˤ[i]k/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}, {\"other\": \"/ ek /\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\"}, {\"other\": \"[i]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"roman\": \"kùnfá\", \"tags\": [\"formal\"], \"word\": \"困乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjiǒng\", \"word\": \"困窘\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnkǔ\", \"word\": \"困苦\"}, {\"word\": \"困難\"}, {\"word\": \"困难\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困頓\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困顿\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"宋凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散赤\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngkǔ\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"dànbó\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"淡薄\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清貧\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清贫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"㾪赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"磽\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"硗\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"䆀康\"}, {\"roman\": \"kòngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"空乏\"}, {\"word\": \"窄\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngcù\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窘促\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngkùn\", \"word\": \"窘困\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngpò\", \"word\": \"窘迫\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窮乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"穷乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"窮困\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"穷困\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮㾪\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷㾪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"窮苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"穷苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艱苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艰苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔhán\", \"word\": \"苦寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"貧乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"贫乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"貧困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"贫困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"貧寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"贫寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"貧瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"贫瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"貧窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"贫穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"貧苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"贫苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"亂兒\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"乱儿\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人禍\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jié\", \"topics\": [\"Buddhism\", \"religion\", \"lifestyle\"], \"word\": \"劫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"劫煞\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫難\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫难\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大禍\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大祸\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大難\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大难\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天災\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇禍\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huàn\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"患\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"慘事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"惨事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"慘劇\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"惨剧\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"慘禍\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"惨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"sua1 sab4\", \"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"沙𧐔\"}, {\"roman\": \"hàojié\", \"word\": \"浩劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"災\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"災害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"灾害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"災殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"灾殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"災禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"灾祸\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災變\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾变\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"災難\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"灾难\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"癰疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"痈疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"shěnglì\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"眚沴\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"禍事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"祸事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"禍害\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"祸害\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"禍息\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"祸息\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"禍患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"祸患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"禍殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"祸殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"wēijìng\", \"word\": \"危境\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjìng\", \"word\": \"困境\"}, {\"roman\": \"dìbù\", \"word\": \"地步\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"時艱\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"时艰\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"溝壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"沟壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"wèijǐng\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"畏景\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"處境\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"处境\"}, {\"roman\": \"nìjìng\", \"word\": \"逆境\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Alexander Lubotsky\", \"Shuowen Jiezi\", \"Wood#Knots\"], \"word\": \"厄\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "character",
"title": "厄",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "厄/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Baxter-Sagart not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese adjectives\", \"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 厄\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Eastern Min hanzi\", \"Eastern Min lemmas\", \"Eastern Min nouns\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian B\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian B\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"乘人之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"bīng'è\", \"word\": \"兵厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亚\"}, {\"word\": \"厄會\"}, {\"word\": \"厄会\"}, {\"word\": \"厄爾巴島\"}, {\"word\": \"厄尔巴岛\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èguāduō\", \"word\": \"厄瓜多\"}, {\"word\": \"厄臺\"}, {\"word\": \"厄台\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄運\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄运\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄難\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄难\"}, {\"word\": \"厄魯特族\"}, {\"word\": \"厄鲁特族\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陳之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陈之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"word\": \"水厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消災解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消灾解厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜貧救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜贫救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陳蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陈蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"黃楊厄閏\"}, {\"word\": \"黄杨厄闰\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideograms\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"2\", \"nocap\": \"yes\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogram (指事)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*卩\"}, \"expansion\": \"卩\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*厂\"}, \"expansion\": \"厂\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"戹\"}, \"expansion\": \"戹\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"pron\": \"OC *qreːɡ\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"厂\", \"2\": \"卪\", \"c1\": \"p\", \"c2\": \"s\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"t2\": \"joint; node\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"嗌\", \"2\": \"throat\"}, \"expansion\": \"嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”)\", \"name\": \"och-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"txb\", \"3\": \"räk-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian B räk-\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"xto\", \"3\": \"räk-\", \"t\": \"to stretch, to spread\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”)\", \"name\": \"bor\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Possibly an ideogram (指事) of a person kneeling (卩), and a small stroke to accentuate the knee (now 厂). Not cognate with 戹 (“yoke”) but eventually they shared meanings.\\nShuowen Jiezi interprets it as phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”) – wood knot.\\nProbably related to 嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”) (Schuessler, 2007).\\nOr borrowed from Tocharian B räk- and Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"戹\"}, {\"form\": \"阨\"}, {\"form\": \"𠂬\"}, {\"form\": \"𭠀\"}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"厄\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"harrowing; miserable\"], \"links\": [[\"harrowing\", \"harrowing\"], [\"miserable\", \"miserable\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"disaster; calamity; catastrophe\"], \"links\": [[\"disaster\", \"disaster\"], [\"calamity\", \"calamity\"], [\"catastrophe\", \"catastrophe\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"adversity; difficulty; distress\"], \"links\": [[\"adversity\", \"adversity\"], [\"difficulty\", \"difficulty\"], [\"distress\", \"distress\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"to be stranded\"], \"links\": [[\"strand\", \"strand\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"strategic point\"], \"links\": [[\"strategic\", \"strategic\"], [\"point\", \"point\"]]}, {\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"è, “yoke”\", \"word\": \"軛 /轭\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Alternative form of 軛 /轭 (è, “yoke”)\"], \"links\": [[\"軛\", \"軛#Chinese\"], [\"轭\", \"轭#Chinese\"]], \"tags\": [\"alt-of\", \"alternative\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"Sichuanese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Taishan\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ek\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"êh⁴\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"o⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"э\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āk\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag^ˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag⁵\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Foochow-Romanized\", \"Fuzhou\"], \"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Fuzhou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eq\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iag\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ngeh^入\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁵ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Wiktionary-specific\", \"Xiang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Sinological-IPA\", \"Xiang\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"'eak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qˤ[i]k/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}, {\"other\": \"/ ek /\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\"}, {\"other\": \"[i]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"roman\": \"kùnfá\", \"tags\": [\"formal\"], \"word\": \"困乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjiǒng\", \"word\": \"困窘\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnkǔ\", \"word\": \"困苦\"}, {\"word\": \"困難\"}, {\"word\": \"困难\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困頓\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困顿\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"宋凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散赤\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngkǔ\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"dànbó\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"淡薄\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清貧\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清贫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"㾪赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"磽\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"硗\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"䆀康\"}, {\"roman\": \"kòngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"空乏\"}, {\"word\": \"窄\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngcù\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窘促\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngkùn\", \"word\": \"窘困\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngpò\", \"word\": \"窘迫\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窮乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"穷乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"窮困\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"穷困\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮㾪\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷㾪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"窮苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"穷苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艱苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艰苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔhán\", \"word\": \"苦寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"貧乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"贫乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"貧困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"贫困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"貧寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"贫寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"貧瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"贫瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"貧窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"贫穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"貧苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"贫苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"亂兒\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"乱儿\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人禍\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jié\", \"topics\": [\"Buddhism\", \"religion\", \"lifestyle\"], \"word\": \"劫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"劫煞\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫難\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫难\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大禍\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大祸\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大難\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大难\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天災\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇禍\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huàn\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"患\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"慘事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"惨事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"慘劇\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"惨剧\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"慘禍\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"惨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"sua1 sab4\", \"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"沙𧐔\"}, {\"roman\": \"hàojié\", \"word\": \"浩劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"災\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"災害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"灾害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"災殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"灾殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"災禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"灾祸\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災變\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾变\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"災難\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"灾难\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"癰疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"痈疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"shěnglì\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"眚沴\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"禍事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"祸事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"禍害\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"祸害\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"禍息\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"祸息\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"禍患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"祸患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"禍殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"祸殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"wēijìng\", \"word\": \"危境\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjìng\", \"word\": \"困境\"}, {\"roman\": \"dìbù\", \"word\": \"地步\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"時艱\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"时艰\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"溝壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"沟壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"wèijǐng\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"畏景\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"處境\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"处境\"}, {\"roman\": \"nìjìng\", \"word\": \"逆境\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Alexander Lubotsky\", \"Shuowen Jiezi\", \"Wood#Knots\"], \"word\": \"厄\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "character",
"title": "厄",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "厄/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Old-Chinese not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese adjectives\", \"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 厄\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Eastern Min hanzi\", \"Eastern Min lemmas\", \"Eastern Min nouns\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian B\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian B\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"乘人之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"bīng'è\", \"word\": \"兵厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亚\"}, {\"word\": \"厄會\"}, {\"word\": \"厄会\"}, {\"word\": \"厄爾巴島\"}, {\"word\": \"厄尔巴岛\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èguāduō\", \"word\": \"厄瓜多\"}, {\"word\": \"厄臺\"}, {\"word\": \"厄台\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄運\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄运\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄難\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄难\"}, {\"word\": \"厄魯特族\"}, {\"word\": \"厄鲁特族\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陳之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陈之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"word\": \"水厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消災解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消灾解厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜貧救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜贫救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陳蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陈蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"黃楊厄閏\"}, {\"word\": \"黄杨厄闰\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideograms\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"2\", \"nocap\": \"yes\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogram (指事)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*卩\"}, \"expansion\": \"卩\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*厂\"}, \"expansion\": \"厂\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"戹\"}, \"expansion\": \"戹\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"pron\": \"OC *qreːɡ\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"厂\", \"2\": \"卪\", \"c1\": \"p\", \"c2\": \"s\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"t2\": \"joint; node\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"嗌\", \"2\": \"throat\"}, \"expansion\": \"嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”)\", \"name\": \"och-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"txb\", \"3\": \"räk-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian B räk-\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"xto\", \"3\": \"räk-\", \"t\": \"to stretch, to spread\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”)\", \"name\": \"bor\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Possibly an ideogram (指事) of a person kneeling (卩), and a small stroke to accentuate the knee (now 厂). Not cognate with 戹 (“yoke”) but eventually they shared meanings.\\nShuowen Jiezi interprets it as phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”) – wood knot.\\nProbably related to 嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”) (Schuessler, 2007).\\nOr borrowed from Tocharian B räk- and Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"戹\"}, {\"form\": \"阨\"}, {\"form\": \"𠂬\"}, {\"form\": \"𭠀\"}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"厄\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"harrowing; miserable\"], \"links\": [[\"harrowing\", \"harrowing\"], [\"miserable\", \"miserable\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"disaster; calamity; catastrophe\"], \"links\": [[\"disaster\", \"disaster\"], [\"calamity\", \"calamity\"], [\"catastrophe\", \"catastrophe\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"adversity; difficulty; distress\"], \"links\": [[\"adversity\", \"adversity\"], [\"difficulty\", \"difficulty\"], [\"distress\", \"distress\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"to be stranded\"], \"links\": [[\"strand\", \"strand\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"strategic point\"], \"links\": [[\"strategic\", \"strategic\"], [\"point\", \"point\"]]}, {\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"è, “yoke”\", \"word\": \"軛 /轭\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Alternative form of 軛 /轭 (è, “yoke”)\"], \"links\": [[\"軛\", \"軛#Chinese\"], [\"轭\", \"轭#Chinese\"]], \"tags\": [\"alt-of\", \"alternative\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"Sichuanese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Taishan\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ek\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"êh⁴\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"o⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"э\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āk\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag^ˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag⁵\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Foochow-Romanized\", \"Fuzhou\"], \"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Fuzhou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eq\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iag\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ngeh^入\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁵ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Wiktionary-specific\", \"Xiang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Sinological-IPA\", \"Xiang\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"'eak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qˤ[i]k/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}, {\"other\": \"/ ek /\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\"}, {\"other\": \"[i]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"roman\": \"kùnfá\", \"tags\": [\"formal\"], \"word\": \"困乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjiǒng\", \"word\": \"困窘\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnkǔ\", \"word\": \"困苦\"}, {\"word\": \"困難\"}, {\"word\": \"困难\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困頓\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困顿\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"宋凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散赤\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngkǔ\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"dànbó\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"淡薄\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清貧\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清贫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"㾪赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"磽\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"硗\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"䆀康\"}, {\"roman\": \"kòngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"空乏\"}, {\"word\": \"窄\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngcù\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窘促\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngkùn\", \"word\": \"窘困\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngpò\", \"word\": \"窘迫\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窮乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"穷乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"窮困\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"穷困\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮㾪\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷㾪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"窮苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"穷苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艱苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艰苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔhán\", \"word\": \"苦寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"貧乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"贫乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"貧困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"贫困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"貧寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"贫寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"貧瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"贫瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"貧窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"贫穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"貧苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"贫苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"亂兒\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"乱儿\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人禍\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jié\", \"topics\": [\"Buddhism\", \"religion\", \"lifestyle\"], \"word\": \"劫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"劫煞\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫難\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫难\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大禍\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大祸\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大難\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大难\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天災\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇禍\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huàn\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"患\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"慘事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"惨事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"慘劇\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"惨剧\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"慘禍\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"惨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"sua1 sab4\", \"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"沙𧐔\"}, {\"roman\": \"hàojié\", \"word\": \"浩劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"災\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"災害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"灾害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"災殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"灾殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"災禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"灾祸\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災變\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾变\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"災難\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"灾难\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"癰疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"痈疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"shěnglì\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"眚沴\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"禍事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"祸事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"禍害\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"祸害\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"禍息\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"祸息\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"禍患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"祸患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"禍殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"祸殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"wēijìng\", \"word\": \"危境\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjìng\", \"word\": \"困境\"}, {\"roman\": \"dìbù\", \"word\": \"地步\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"時艱\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"时艰\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"溝壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"沟壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"wèijǐng\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"畏景\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"處境\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"处境\"}, {\"roman\": \"nìjìng\", \"word\": \"逆境\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Alexander Lubotsky\", \"Shuowen Jiezi\", \"Wood#Knots\"], \"word\": \"厄\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "character",
"title": "厄",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "厄/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Old-Chinese not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese adjectives\", \"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 厄\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Eastern Min hanzi\", \"Eastern Min lemmas\", \"Eastern Min nouns\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms borrowed from Tocharian B\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian A\", \"Old Chinese terms derived from Tocharian B\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"乘人之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"bīng'è\", \"word\": \"兵厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èlìchuíyà\", \"word\": \"厄利垂亚\"}, {\"word\": \"厄會\"}, {\"word\": \"厄会\"}, {\"word\": \"厄爾巴島\"}, {\"word\": \"厄尔巴岛\"}, {\"roman\": \"Èguāduō\", \"word\": \"厄瓜多\"}, {\"word\": \"厄臺\"}, {\"word\": \"厄台\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄運\"}, {\"roman\": \"èyùn\", \"word\": \"厄运\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄難\"}, {\"roman\": \"ènàn\", \"word\": \"厄难\"}, {\"word\": \"厄魯特族\"}, {\"word\": \"厄鲁特族\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陳之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"在陈之厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"word\": \"水厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消災解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"消灾解厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜貧救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"矜贫救厄\"}, {\"word\": \"解厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陳蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"陈蔡之厄\"}, {\"word\": \"黃楊厄閏\"}, {\"word\": \"黄杨厄闰\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideograms\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"2\", \"nocap\": \"yes\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogram (指事)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*卩\"}, \"expansion\": \"卩\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"*厂\"}, \"expansion\": \"厂\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"戹\"}, \"expansion\": \"戹\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"pron\": \"OC *qreːɡ\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"厂\", \"2\": \"卪\", \"c1\": \"p\", \"c2\": \"s\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"nocap\": \"yes\", \"t2\": \"joint; node\"}, \"expansion\": \"phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"嗌\", \"2\": \"throat\"}, \"expansion\": \"嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”)\", \"name\": \"och-l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"txb\", \"3\": \"räk-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian B räk-\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"och\", \"2\": \"xto\", \"3\": \"räk-\", \"t\": \"to stretch, to spread\"}, \"expansion\": \"Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”)\", \"name\": \"bor\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Possibly an ideogram (指事) of a person kneeling (卩), and a small stroke to accentuate the knee (now 厂). Not cognate with 戹 (“yoke”) but eventually they shared meanings.\\nShuowen Jiezi interprets it as phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qreːɡ): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 卪 (“joint; node”) – wood knot.\\nProbably related to 嗌 (OC *qleɡ, “throat”) (Schuessler, 2007).\\nOr borrowed from Tocharian B räk- and Tocharian A räk- (“to stretch, to spread”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"戹\"}, {\"form\": \"阨\"}, {\"form\": \"𠂬\"}, {\"form\": \"𭠀\"}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"厄\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"harrowing; miserable\"], \"links\": [[\"harrowing\", \"harrowing\"], [\"miserable\", \"miserable\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"disaster; calamity; catastrophe\"], \"links\": [[\"disaster\", \"disaster\"], [\"calamity\", \"calamity\"], [\"catastrophe\", \"catastrophe\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"adversity; difficulty; distress\"], \"links\": [[\"adversity\", \"adversity\"], [\"difficulty\", \"difficulty\"], [\"distress\", \"distress\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"to be stranded\"], \"links\": [[\"strand\", \"strand\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"strategic point\"], \"links\": [[\"strategic\", \"strategic\"], [\"point\", \"point\"]]}, {\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"è, “yoke”\", \"word\": \"軛 /轭\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Alternative form of 軛 /轭 (è, “yoke”)\"], \"links\": [[\"軛\", \"軛#Chinese\"], [\"轭\", \"轭#Chinese\"]], \"tags\": [\"alt-of\", \"alternative\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\", \"standard\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\", \"Sichuanese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Taishan\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ek\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"êh⁴\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"o⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"э\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Chengdu\", \"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"āk\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"aak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak⁷\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\", \"Wiktionary-specific\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak²\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Taicheng\", \"Taishanese\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag^ˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ag⁵\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Foochow-Romanized\", \"Fuzhou\"], \"zh-pron\": \"áik\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Fuzhou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eq\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ik\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\", \"Taipei\", \"Xiamen\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"iag\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁸ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ngeh^入\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"⁵ngeq\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Northern\", \"Wu\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Wiktionary-specific\", \"Xiang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"nge⁶\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Changsha\", \"Sinological-IPA\", \"Xiang\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"'eak\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qˤ[i]k/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}, {\"other\": \"/ ek /\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɛ²¹/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aːk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐk̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ak̚²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/aiʔ²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iɪk̚³²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/iak̚⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/eʔ²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋəʔ¹²/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ŋɤ̞²⁴/\"}, {\"other\": \"[i]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*qreːɡ/\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"roman\": \"kùnfá\", \"tags\": [\"formal\"], \"word\": \"困乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjiǒng\", \"word\": \"困窘\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnqióng\", \"word\": \"困穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnkǔ\", \"word\": \"困苦\"}, {\"word\": \"困難\"}, {\"word\": \"困难\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困頓\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùndùn\", \"word\": \"困顿\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"宋凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散凶\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"散赤\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngkǔ\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"dànbó\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"淡薄\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清貧\"}, {\"raw_tags\": [\"of scholars and intellectuals\"], \"roman\": \"qīngpín\", \"tags\": [\"especially\"], \"word\": \"清贫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"㾪赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"磽\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"硗\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"䆀康\"}, {\"roman\": \"kòngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"空乏\"}, {\"word\": \"窄\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngcù\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窘促\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngkùn\", \"word\": \"窘困\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiǒngpò\", \"word\": \"窘迫\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióng\", \"word\": \"穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"窮乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngfá\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"穷乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"窮困\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkùn\", \"word\": \"穷困\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮㾪\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷㾪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"窮苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"qióngkǔ\", \"word\": \"穷苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"窮赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"穷赤\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艱苦\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"艰苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔhán\", \"word\": \"苦寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"貧乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínfá\", \"word\": \"贫乏\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"貧困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkùn\", \"word\": \"贫困\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"貧寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínhán\", \"word\": \"贫寒\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"貧瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínjí\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"贫瘠\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"貧窮\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínqióng\", \"word\": \"贫穷\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"貧苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"pínkǔ\", \"word\": \"贫苦\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"亂兒\"}, {\"roman\": \"luànr\", \"tags\": [\"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"乱儿\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人禍\"}, {\"english\": \"man-made disaster\", \"roman\": \"rénhuò\", \"word\": \"人祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jié\", \"topics\": [\"Buddhism\", \"religion\", \"lifestyle\"], \"word\": \"劫\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"劫煞\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫難\"}, {\"roman\": \"jiénàn\", \"word\": \"劫难\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大禍\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dàhuò\", \"word\": \"大祸\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大難\"}, {\"english\": \"major catastrophe\", \"roman\": \"dànàn\", \"word\": \"大难\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天災\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"tiānzāi\", \"word\": \"天灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"yāng'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"央厄\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇禍\"}, {\"english\": \"unexpected disaster\", \"roman\": \"qíhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"奇祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"jùhuò\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"巨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huàn\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"患\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"慘事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnshì\", \"word\": \"惨事\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"慘劇\"}, {\"roman\": \"cǎnjù\", \"word\": \"惨剧\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"慘禍\"}, {\"english\": \"tragic accident\", \"roman\": \"cǎnhuò\", \"word\": \"惨祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"sua1 sab4\", \"tags\": [\"Teochew\"], \"word\": \"沙𧐔\"}, {\"roman\": \"hàojié\", \"word\": \"浩劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"災\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāijié\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾劫\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāi'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"災害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihài\", \"word\": \"灾害\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"災殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāiyāng\", \"word\": \"灾殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"災禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāihuò\", \"word\": \"灾祸\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"災變\"}, {\"english\": \"natural disaster\", \"roman\": \"zāibiàn\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"灾变\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"災難\"}, {\"roman\": \"zāinàn\", \"word\": \"灾难\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"癰疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"yōngjū\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"], \"word\": \"痈疽\"}, {\"roman\": \"shěnglì\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"眚沴\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"禍\"}, {\"roman\": \"huò\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"祸\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"禍事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòshì\", \"word\": \"祸事\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"禍害\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhài\", \"word\": \"祸害\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"禍息\"}, {\"roman\": \"ho5 si6\", \"tags\": [\"Xiang\"], \"word\": \"祸息\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"禍患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòhuàn\", \"word\": \"祸患\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"禍殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"huòyāng\", \"word\": \"祸殃\"}, {\"roman\": \"wēijìng\", \"word\": \"危境\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùn'è\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"困厄\"}, {\"roman\": \"kùnjìng\", \"word\": \"困境\"}, {\"roman\": \"dìbù\", \"word\": \"地步\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"時艱\"}, {\"english\": \"difficult times at present\", \"roman\": \"shíjiān\", \"word\": \"时艰\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"溝壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"gōuhè\", \"tags\": [\"literary\"], \"word\": \"沟壑\"}, {\"roman\": \"wèijǐng\", \"tags\": [\"figuratively\", \"literary\"], \"word\": \"畏景\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"處境\"}, {\"roman\": \"chǔjìng\", \"word\": \"处境\"}, {\"roman\": \"nìjìng\", \"word\": \"逆境\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Alexander Lubotsky\", \"Shuowen Jiezi\", \"Wood#Knots\"], \"word\": \"厄\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "character",
"title": "厄",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "厄/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hanyu-Pinyin not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese adjectives\", \"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 厄\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"zh-pron usage missing POS\"], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"戹\"}, {\"form\": \"阨\"}, {\"form\": \"𠂬\"}, {\"form\": \"𭠀\"}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"厄\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"Chinese redlinks/zh-l\", \"Chinese terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Used in 科厄.\"], \"links\": [[\"科厄\", \"科厄#Chinese\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"^‡ Used in 科厄.\"], \"tags\": [\"historical\", \"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ě\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e³\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˇ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ě\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ě\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"o³\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ě\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ee\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"э\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ²¹⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"o⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ²¹⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\"}], \"word\": \"厄\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "character",
"title": "厄",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "厄/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hanyu-Pinyin not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese adjectives\", \"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 厄\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"zh-pron usage missing POS\"], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"戹\"}, {\"form\": \"阨\"}, {\"form\": \"𠂬\"}, {\"form\": \"𭠀\"}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"厄\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"Chinese redlinks/zh-l\", \"Chinese terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Used in 科厄.\"], \"links\": [[\"科厄\", \"科厄#Chinese\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"^‡ Used in 科厄.\"], \"tags\": [\"historical\", \"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ě\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e³\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˇ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄜˋ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ě\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ě\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"o³\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ě\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ee\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"э\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"e\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ²¹⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"o⁴\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"è\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"eh\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ²¹⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˀɤ⁵¹/\"}], \"word\": \"厄\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "character",
"title": "厄",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.