"窮困" meaning in Chinese

See 窮困 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵ kʰu̯ən⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /kʰʊŋ²¹ kʷʰɐn³³/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵ kʰu̯ən⁵¹/, /kʰʊŋ²¹ kʷʰɐn³³/ Chinese transliterations: qióngkùn [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄑㄩㄥˊ ㄎㄨㄣˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], kung⁴ kwan³ [Cantonese, Jyutping], qióngkùn [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], cyóngkùn [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], chʻiung²-kʻun⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], chyúng-kwùn [Mandarin, Yale], chyongkuenn [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], цюнкунь [Mandarin, Palladius], cjunkunʹ [Mandarin, Palladius], kùhng kwan [Cantonese, Yale], kung⁴ kwan³ [Cantonese, Pinyin], kung⁴ kuen³ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization] Forms: 穷困
Head templates: {{head|zh|adjective}} 窮困
  1. poor; impoverished
    Sense id: en-窮困-zh-adj-b893kS1T Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Synonyms: [Classical-Chinese], [Classical-Chinese], [formal, Standard-Chinese], 貧窮 [formal, Standard-Chinese], 窮困 [formal, Standard-Chinese], 貧困 [formal, Standard-Chinese], 赤貧 [formal, Standard-Chinese], 貧乏 [formal, Standard-Chinese], 貧苦 [formal, Standard-Chinese], 貧寒 [formal, Standard-Chinese], 苦寒 [formal, Standard-Chinese], [Taiwan], 貧窮 [Taiwan], [Singapore], 貧窮 [Singapore], 窮苦 [Singapore], [Muping, Yantai], [Luoyang], [Wanrong], [Xi'an], [Yinchuan], 苦寒 [Southwestern-Mandarin, Chengdu], [Jianghuai-Mandarin, Nanjing], [Cantonese, Guangzhou], [Cantonese, Hong-Kong], [Cantonese, Taishan], [Gan, Nanchang], [Gan, Pingxiang], [Hakka, Meixian], [Jin, Taiyuan], 窮無 [Jian'ou], [Fuzhou], 宋凶 [Xiamen], 㾪赤 [Xiamen], 窮㾪 [Xiamen], 窮赤 [Xiamen], 赤窮 [Xiamen], [Xiamen], 宋凶 [Quanzhou], 窮赤 [Quanzhou], 赤窮 [Quanzhou], [Quanzhou], 窮赤 [Hui'an], 宋凶 [Zhangzhou], [Zhangzhou], 散赤 [Zhangzhou], [Zhangzhou], 䆀空 [Zhangzhou], 無空 [Zhangzhou], [Tainan], 散赤 [Tainan], 散食 [Tainan], 散凶 [Tainan], 窮赤 [Tainan], 窮散 [Tainan], 窮苦 [Tainan], [Raoping], , , [Jieyang], [Jieyang], [Leizhou], [Leizhou], [Wu, Shanghai], [Wu, Suzhou], [Wu, Danyang], [Wu, Hangzhou], 倒灶 [Wu, Jinhua], [in-compounds, literary], 困乏 (kùnfá) [formal], 困窘 (kùnjiǒng), 困窮 (kùnqióng), 困穷 (kùnqióng), 困苦 (kùnkǔ), 困難, 困难, 困頓 (kùndùn), 困顿 (kùndùn), 宋凶 [Hokkien], [Hokkien], 散凶 [Hokkien], 散赤 [Hokkien], 清苦 (qīngkǔ) [especially], 淡薄 (dànbó) [literary], 清貧 (qīngpín) [especially], 清贫 (qīngpín) [especially], 㾪赤 [Hokkien], [Teochew], [Teochew], 䆀康 [Hokkien], 空乏 (kòngfá) [literary], , 窘促 (jiǒngcù) [literary], 窘困 (jiǒngkùn), 窘迫 (jiǒngpò), (qióng), (qióng), 窮乏 (qióngfá) [literary], 穷乏 (qióngfá) [literary], 窮㾪 [Hokkien], 穷㾪 [Hokkien], 窮苦 (qióngkǔ), 穷苦 (qióngkǔ), 窮赤 [Hokkien], 穷赤 [Hokkien], 艱苦 [Hokkien], 艰苦 [Hokkien], 苦寒 (kǔhán), 貧乏 (pínfá), 贫乏 (pínfá), 貧困 (pínkùn), 贫困 (pínkùn), 貧寒 (pínhán), 贫寒 (pínhán), 貧瘠 (pínjí) [literary], 贫瘠 (pínjí) [literary], 貧窮 (pínqióng), 贫穷 (pínqióng), 貧苦 (pínkǔ), 贫苦 (pínkǔ), , 貧窮, 貧困, 赤貧, 貧乏, 貧苦, 貧寒, 苦寒, Taiwan, Singapore, 窮苦, Yantai [Muping], Luoyang, Wanrong, Xi'an, Yinchuan, Chengdu, Nanjing, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Taishan, Nanchang, Pingxiang, Meixian, Taiyuan, Jian'ou, 窮無, Fuzhou, Xiamen, 宋凶, 㾪赤, 窮㾪, 窮赤, 赤窮, , Quanzhou, Hui'an, Zhangzhou, , 散赤, 䆀空, 無空, Tainan, 散食, 散凶, 窮散, Raoping, Shantou, Jieyang, Leizhou, , Shanghai, Suzhou, Danyang, Hangzhou, Jinhua, 倒灶
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "fùyù",
      "word": "富裕"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "穷困",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "窮困",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "poor; impoverished"
      ],
      "id": "en-窮困-zh-adj-b893kS1T",
      "links": [
        [
          "poor",
          "poor"
        ],
        [
          "impoverished",
          "impoverished"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "Classical-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "貧"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Classical-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "formal",
            "Standard-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "formal",
            "Standard-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "貧窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "formal",
            "Standard-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "窮困"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "formal",
            "Standard-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "貧困"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "formal",
            "Standard-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "赤貧"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "formal",
            "Standard-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "貧乏"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "formal",
            "Standard-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "貧苦"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "formal",
            "Standard-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "貧寒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "formal",
            "Standard-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "苦寒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Taiwan"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Taiwan"
          ],
          "word": "貧窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Singapore"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Singapore"
          ],
          "word": "貧窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Singapore"
          ],
          "word": "窮苦"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Muping",
            "Yantai"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Luoyang"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wanrong"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Xi'an"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Yinchuan"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Southwestern-Mandarin",
            "Chengdu"
          ],
          "word": "苦寒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Jianghuai-Mandarin",
            "Nanjing"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Guangzhou"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Hong-Kong"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Taishan"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Gan",
            "Nanchang"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Gan",
            "Pingxiang"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Meixian"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Jin",
            "Taiyuan"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Jian'ou"
          ],
          "word": "窮無"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Fuzhou"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Xiamen"
          ],
          "word": "宋凶"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Xiamen"
          ],
          "word": "㾪赤"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Xiamen"
          ],
          "word": "窮㾪"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Xiamen"
          ],
          "word": "窮赤"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Xiamen"
          ],
          "word": "赤窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Xiamen"
          ],
          "word": "赤"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Quanzhou"
          ],
          "word": "宋凶"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Quanzhou"
          ],
          "word": "窮赤"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Quanzhou"
          ],
          "word": "赤窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Quanzhou"
          ],
          "word": "赤"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hui'an"
          ],
          "word": "窮赤"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Zhangzhou"
          ],
          "word": "宋凶"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Zhangzhou"
          ],
          "word": "散"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Zhangzhou"
          ],
          "word": "散赤"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Zhangzhou"
          ],
          "word": "赤"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Zhangzhou"
          ],
          "word": "䆀空"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Zhangzhou"
          ],
          "word": "無空"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Tainan"
          ],
          "word": "散"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Tainan"
          ],
          "word": "散赤"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Tainan"
          ],
          "word": "散食"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Tainan"
          ],
          "word": "散凶"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Tainan"
          ],
          "word": "窮赤"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Tainan"
          ],
          "word": "窮散"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Tainan"
          ],
          "word": "窮苦"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Raoping"
          ],
          "word": "磽"
        },
        {
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "word": "磽"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Jieyang"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Jieyang"
          ],
          "word": "磽"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Leizhou"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Leizhou"
          ],
          "word": "蒯"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Shanghai"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Suzhou"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Danyang"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Hangzhou"
          ],
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Jinhua"
          ],
          "word": "倒灶"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "in-compounds",
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "厄"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kùnfá",
          "tags": [
            "formal"
          ],
          "word": "困乏"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kùnjiǒng",
          "word": "困窘"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kùnqióng",
          "word": "困窮"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kùnqióng",
          "word": "困穷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kùnkǔ",
          "word": "困苦"
        },
        {
          "word": "困難"
        },
        {
          "word": "困难"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kùndùn",
          "word": "困頓"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kùndùn",
          "word": "困顿"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "宋凶"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "散"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "散凶"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "散赤"
        },
        {
          "raw_tags": [
            "of scholars and intellectuals"
          ],
          "roman": "qīngkǔ",
          "tags": [
            "especially"
          ],
          "word": "清苦"
        },
        {
          "roman": "dànbó",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "淡薄"
        },
        {
          "raw_tags": [
            "of scholars and intellectuals"
          ],
          "roman": "qīngpín",
          "tags": [
            "especially"
          ],
          "word": "清貧"
        },
        {
          "raw_tags": [
            "of scholars and intellectuals"
          ],
          "roman": "qīngpín",
          "tags": [
            "especially"
          ],
          "word": "清贫"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "㾪赤"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Teochew"
          ],
          "word": "磽"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Teochew"
          ],
          "word": "硗"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "䆀康"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kòngfá",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "空乏"
        },
        {
          "word": "窄"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiǒngcù",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "窘促"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiǒngkùn",
          "word": "窘困"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiǒngpò",
          "word": "窘迫"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qióng",
          "word": "窮"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qióng",
          "word": "穷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qióngfá",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "窮乏"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qióngfá",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "穷乏"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "窮㾪"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "穷㾪"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qióngkǔ",
          "word": "窮苦"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qióngkǔ",
          "word": "穷苦"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "窮赤"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "穷赤"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "艱苦"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "艰苦"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kǔhán",
          "word": "苦寒"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pínfá",
          "word": "貧乏"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pínfá",
          "word": "贫乏"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pínkùn",
          "word": "貧困"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pínkùn",
          "word": "贫困"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pínhán",
          "word": "貧寒"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pínhán",
          "word": "贫寒"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pínjí",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "貧瘠"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pínjí",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "贫瘠"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pínqióng",
          "word": "貧窮"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pínqióng",
          "word": "贫穷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pínkǔ",
          "word": "貧苦"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pínkǔ",
          "word": "贫苦"
        },
        {
          "word": "貧"
        },
        {
          "word": "貧窮"
        },
        {
          "word": "貧困"
        },
        {
          "word": "赤貧"
        },
        {
          "word": "貧乏"
        },
        {
          "word": "貧苦"
        },
        {
          "word": "貧寒"
        },
        {
          "word": "苦寒"
        },
        {
          "word": "Taiwan"
        },
        {
          "word": "Singapore"
        },
        {
          "word": "窮苦"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Muping"
          ],
          "word": "Yantai"
        },
        {
          "word": "Luoyang"
        },
        {
          "word": "Wanrong"
        },
        {
          "word": "Xi'an"
        },
        {
          "word": "Yinchuan"
        },
        {
          "word": "Chengdu"
        },
        {
          "word": "Nanjing"
        },
        {
          "word": "Guangzhou"
        },
        {
          "word": "Hong Kong"
        },
        {
          "word": "Taishan"
        },
        {
          "word": "Nanchang"
        },
        {
          "word": "Pingxiang"
        },
        {
          "word": "Meixian"
        },
        {
          "word": "Taiyuan"
        },
        {
          "word": "Jian'ou"
        },
        {
          "word": "窮無"
        },
        {
          "word": "Fuzhou"
        },
        {
          "word": "Xiamen"
        },
        {
          "word": "宋凶"
        },
        {
          "word": "㾪赤"
        },
        {
          "word": "窮㾪"
        },
        {
          "word": "窮赤"
        },
        {
          "word": "赤窮"
        },
        {
          "word": "赤"
        },
        {
          "word": "Quanzhou"
        },
        {
          "word": "Hui'an"
        },
        {
          "word": "Zhangzhou"
        },
        {
          "word": "散"
        },
        {
          "word": "散赤"
        },
        {
          "word": "䆀空"
        },
        {
          "word": "無空"
        },
        {
          "word": "Tainan"
        },
        {
          "word": "散食"
        },
        {
          "word": "散凶"
        },
        {
          "word": "窮散"
        },
        {
          "word": "Raoping"
        },
        {
          "word": "Shantou"
        },
        {
          "word": "Jieyang"
        },
        {
          "word": "Leizhou"
        },
        {
          "word": "蒯"
        },
        {
          "word": "Shanghai"
        },
        {
          "word": "Suzhou"
        },
        {
          "word": "Danyang"
        },
        {
          "word": "Hangzhou"
        },
        {
          "word": "Jinhua"
        },
        {
          "word": "倒灶"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qióngkùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄑㄩㄥˊ ㄎㄨㄣˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kung⁴ kwan³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qióngkùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cyóngkùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chʻiung²-kʻun⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chyúng-kwùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chyongkuenn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цюнкунь"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cjunkunʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵ kʰu̯ən⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kùhng kwan"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kung⁴ kwan³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kung⁴ kuen³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰʊŋ²¹ kʷʰɐn³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵ kʰu̯ən⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰʊŋ²¹ kʷʰɐn³³/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "窮困"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "fùyù",
      "word": "富裕"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "穷困",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "窮困",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese adjectives",
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Chinese adjectives",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 困",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 窮",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Mandarin adjectives",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "poor; impoverished"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "poor",
          "poor"
        ],
        [
          "impoverished",
          "impoverished"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qióngkùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄑㄩㄥˊ ㄎㄨㄣˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kung⁴ kwan³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qióngkùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cyóngkùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chʻiung²-kʻun⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chyúng-kwùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chyongkuenn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цюнкунь"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cjunkunʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵ kʰu̯ən⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kùhng kwan"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kung⁴ kwan³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kung⁴ kuen³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰʊŋ²¹ kʷʰɐn³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵ kʰu̯ən⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰʊŋ²¹ kʷʰɐn³³/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "貧"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "貧窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "窮困"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "貧困"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "赤貧"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "貧乏"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "貧苦"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "貧寒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "苦寒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Taiwan"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Taiwan"
      ],
      "word": "貧窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Singapore"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Singapore"
      ],
      "word": "貧窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Singapore"
      ],
      "word": "窮苦"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Muping",
        "Yantai"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Luoyang"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wanrong"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xi'an"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Yinchuan"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Southwestern-Mandarin",
        "Chengdu"
      ],
      "word": "苦寒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jianghuai-Mandarin",
        "Nanjing"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Pingxiang"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou"
      ],
      "word": "窮無"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "宋凶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "㾪赤"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "窮㾪"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "窮赤"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "赤窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "赤"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "宋凶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "窮赤"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "赤窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "赤"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hui'an"
      ],
      "word": "窮赤"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Zhangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "宋凶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Zhangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "散"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Zhangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "散赤"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Zhangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "赤"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Zhangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "䆀空"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Zhangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "無空"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Tainan"
      ],
      "word": "散"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Tainan"
      ],
      "word": "散赤"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Tainan"
      ],
      "word": "散食"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Tainan"
      ],
      "word": "散凶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Tainan"
      ],
      "word": "窮赤"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Tainan"
      ],
      "word": "窮散"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Tainan"
      ],
      "word": "窮苦"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Raoping"
      ],
      "word": "磽"
    },
    {
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "word": "磽"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jieyang"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jieyang"
      ],
      "word": "磽"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Leizhou"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Leizhou"
      ],
      "word": "蒯"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Suzhou"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Danyang"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Hangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Jinhua"
      ],
      "word": "倒灶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "厄"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kùnfá",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "困乏"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kùnjiǒng",
      "word": "困窘"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kùnqióng",
      "word": "困窮"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kùnqióng",
      "word": "困穷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kùnkǔ",
      "word": "困苦"
    },
    {
      "word": "困難"
    },
    {
      "word": "困难"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kùndùn",
      "word": "困頓"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kùndùn",
      "word": "困顿"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "宋凶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "散"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "散凶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "散赤"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "of scholars and intellectuals"
      ],
      "roman": "qīngkǔ",
      "tags": [
        "especially"
      ],
      "word": "清苦"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dànbó",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "淡薄"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "of scholars and intellectuals"
      ],
      "roman": "qīngpín",
      "tags": [
        "especially"
      ],
      "word": "清貧"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "of scholars and intellectuals"
      ],
      "roman": "qīngpín",
      "tags": [
        "especially"
      ],
      "word": "清贫"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "㾪赤"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "word": "磽"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "word": "硗"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "䆀康"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kòngfá",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "空乏"
    },
    {
      "word": "窄"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiǒngcù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "窘促"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiǒngkùn",
      "word": "窘困"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiǒngpò",
      "word": "窘迫"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qióng",
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qióng",
      "word": "穷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qióngfá",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "窮乏"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qióngfá",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "穷乏"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "窮㾪"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "穷㾪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qióngkǔ",
      "word": "窮苦"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qióngkǔ",
      "word": "穷苦"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "窮赤"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "穷赤"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "艱苦"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "艰苦"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kǔhán",
      "word": "苦寒"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pínfá",
      "word": "貧乏"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pínfá",
      "word": "贫乏"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pínkùn",
      "word": "貧困"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pínkùn",
      "word": "贫困"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pínhán",
      "word": "貧寒"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pínhán",
      "word": "贫寒"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pínjí",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "貧瘠"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pínjí",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "贫瘠"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pínqióng",
      "word": "貧窮"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pínqióng",
      "word": "贫穷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pínkǔ",
      "word": "貧苦"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pínkǔ",
      "word": "贫苦"
    },
    {
      "word": "貧"
    },
    {
      "word": "窮"
    },
    {
      "word": "貧窮"
    },
    {
      "word": "貧困"
    },
    {
      "word": "赤貧"
    },
    {
      "word": "貧乏"
    },
    {
      "word": "貧苦"
    },
    {
      "word": "貧寒"
    },
    {
      "word": "苦寒"
    },
    {
      "word": "Taiwan"
    },
    {
      "word": "Singapore"
    },
    {
      "word": "窮苦"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Muping"
      ],
      "word": "Yantai"
    },
    {
      "word": "Luoyang"
    },
    {
      "word": "Wanrong"
    },
    {
      "word": "Xi'an"
    },
    {
      "word": "Yinchuan"
    },
    {
      "word": "Chengdu"
    },
    {
      "word": "Nanjing"
    },
    {
      "word": "Guangzhou"
    },
    {
      "word": "Hong Kong"
    },
    {
      "word": "Taishan"
    },
    {
      "word": "Nanchang"
    },
    {
      "word": "Pingxiang"
    },
    {
      "word": "Meixian"
    },
    {
      "word": "Taiyuan"
    },
    {
      "word": "Jian'ou"
    },
    {
      "word": "窮無"
    },
    {
      "word": "Fuzhou"
    },
    {
      "word": "Xiamen"
    },
    {
      "word": "宋凶"
    },
    {
      "word": "㾪赤"
    },
    {
      "word": "窮㾪"
    },
    {
      "word": "窮赤"
    },
    {
      "word": "赤窮"
    },
    {
      "word": "赤"
    },
    {
      "word": "Quanzhou"
    },
    {
      "word": "Hui'an"
    },
    {
      "word": "Zhangzhou"
    },
    {
      "word": "散"
    },
    {
      "word": "散赤"
    },
    {
      "word": "䆀空"
    },
    {
      "word": "無空"
    },
    {
      "word": "Tainan"
    },
    {
      "word": "散食"
    },
    {
      "word": "散凶"
    },
    {
      "word": "窮散"
    },
    {
      "word": "Raoping"
    },
    {
      "word": "磽"
    },
    {
      "word": "Shantou"
    },
    {
      "word": "Jieyang"
    },
    {
      "word": "Leizhou"
    },
    {
      "word": "蒯"
    },
    {
      "word": "Shanghai"
    },
    {
      "word": "Suzhou"
    },
    {
      "word": "Danyang"
    },
    {
      "word": "Hangzhou"
    },
    {
      "word": "Jinhua"
    },
    {
      "word": "倒灶"
    }
  ],
  "word": "窮困"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 窮困 meaning in Chinese (8.4kB)

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "窮困"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "窮困",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "窮困"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "窮困",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "page/2196",
  "msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E8%B2%A7%E7%AA%AE'], ['edit']){} >",
  "path": [
    "窮困"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "窮困",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.