See 苦寒 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 苦寒 meaning in Chinese (9.0kB)
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "苦寒",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "75 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bitter cold"
],
"id": "en-苦寒-zh-adj-~Z4-t2mL",
"links": [
[
"bitter cold",
"bitter cold"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"impoverished; poverty-stricken"
],
"id": "en-苦寒-zh-adj-cG5vLxLo",
"links": [
[
"impoverished",
"impoverished"
],
[
"poverty-stricken",
"poverty-stricken"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔhán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨˇ ㄏㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "ku³ han²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔhán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨˇ ㄏㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔhán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻu³-han²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔ-hán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuuharn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "кухань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kuxanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ xän³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuxan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu⁵³ xan²¹/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ xän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu⁵³ xan²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Classical-Chinese"
],
"word": "貧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Classical-Chinese"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "貧窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "窮困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "貧困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "赤貧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "貧乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "貧苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "貧寒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "苦寒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "貧窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Muping",
"Yantai"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Luoyang"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wanrong"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xi'an"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yinchuan"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "苦寒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Nanjing"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "貧窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "窮苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Pingxiang"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou"
],
"word": "窮無"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "宋凶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "㾪赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "窮㾪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "窮赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "赤窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "宋凶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "窮赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "赤窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hui'an"
],
"word": "窮赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou"
],
"word": "宋凶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou"
],
"word": "散"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou"
],
"word": "散赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou"
],
"word": "赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "散"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "散赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "散食"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "散凶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "窮赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "窮散"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "窮苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Raoping"
],
"word": "磽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "磽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Jieyang"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Jieyang"
],
"word": "磽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Leizhou"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Leizhou"
],
"word": "蒯"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Suzhou"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Danyang"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Hangzhou"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Jinhua"
],
"word": "倒灶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kùnfá",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "困乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kùnjiǒng",
"word": "困窘"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kùnqióng",
"word": "困窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kùnqióng",
"word": "困穷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kùnkǔ",
"word": "困苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "困難"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "困难"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kùndùn",
"word": "困頓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kùndùn",
"word": "困顿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "宋凶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散凶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngkǔ",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dànbó",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "淡薄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngpín",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清貧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngpín",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清贫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "㾪赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "磽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "硗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "䆀康"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kòngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "空乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "窄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiǒngcù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "窘促"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiǒngkùn",
"word": "窘困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiǒngpò",
"word": "窘迫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióng",
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióng",
"word": "穷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "窮乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "穷乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióngkùn",
"word": "窮困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióngkùn",
"word": "穷困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "窮㾪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "穷㾪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióngkǔ",
"word": "窮苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióngkǔ",
"word": "穷苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "窮赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "穷赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "艱苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "艰苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínfá",
"word": "貧乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínfá",
"word": "贫乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínkùn",
"word": "貧困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínkùn",
"word": "贫困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínhán",
"word": "貧寒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínhán",
"word": "贫寒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínjí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "貧瘠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínjí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "贫瘠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínqióng",
"word": "貧窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínqióng",
"word": "贫穷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínkǔ",
"word": "貧苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínkǔ",
"word": "贫苦"
}
],
"word": "苦寒"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "苦寒",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bitter cold"
],
"links": [
[
"bitter cold",
"bitter cold"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"impoverished; poverty-stricken"
],
"links": [
[
"impoverished",
"impoverished"
],
[
"poverty-stricken",
"poverty-stricken"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔhán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨˇ ㄏㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "ku³ han²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔhán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨˇ ㄏㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔhán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻu³-han²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔ-hán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuuharn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "кухань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kuxanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ xän³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuxan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu⁵³ xan²¹/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ xän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu⁵³ xan²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Classical-Chinese"
],
"word": "貧"
},
{
"tags": [
"Classical-Chinese"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "貧窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "窮困"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "貧困"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "赤貧"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "貧乏"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "貧苦"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "貧寒"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "苦寒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "貧窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Muping",
"Yantai"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Luoyang"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wanrong"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xi'an"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yinchuan"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "苦寒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Nanjing"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "貧窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "窮苦"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Pingxiang"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou"
],
"word": "窮無"
},
{
"tags": [
"Fuzhou"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "宋凶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "㾪赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "窮㾪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "窮赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "赤窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "宋凶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "窮赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "赤窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hui'an"
],
"word": "窮赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou"
],
"word": "宋凶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou"
],
"word": "散"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou"
],
"word": "散赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou"
],
"word": "赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "散"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "散赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "散食"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "散凶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "窮赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "窮散"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "窮苦"
},
{
"tags": [
"Raoping"
],
"word": "磽"
},
{
"word": "窮"
},
{
"word": "磽"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jieyang"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jieyang"
],
"word": "磽"
},
{
"tags": [
"Leizhou"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Leizhou"
],
"word": "蒯"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Suzhou"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Danyang"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Hangzhou"
],
"word": "窮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Jinhua"
],
"word": "倒灶"
},
{
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "厄"
},
{
"roman": "kùnfá",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "困乏"
},
{
"roman": "kùnjiǒng",
"word": "困窘"
},
{
"roman": "kùnqióng",
"word": "困窮"
},
{
"roman": "kùnqióng",
"word": "困穷"
},
{
"roman": "kùnkǔ",
"word": "困苦"
},
{
"word": "困難"
},
{
"word": "困难"
},
{
"roman": "kùndùn",
"word": "困頓"
},
{
"roman": "kùndùn",
"word": "困顿"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "宋凶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散凶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散赤"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngkǔ",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清苦"
},
{
"roman": "dànbó",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "淡薄"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngpín",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清貧"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngpín",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清贫"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "㾪赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "磽"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "硗"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "䆀康"
},
{
"roman": "kòngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "空乏"
},
{
"word": "窄"
},
{
"roman": "jiǒngcù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "窘促"
},
{
"roman": "jiǒngkùn",
"word": "窘困"
},
{
"roman": "jiǒngpò",
"word": "窘迫"
},
{
"roman": "qióng",
"word": "窮"
},
{
"roman": "qióng",
"word": "穷"
},
{
"roman": "qióngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "窮乏"
},
{
"roman": "qióngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "穷乏"
},
{
"roman": "qióngkùn",
"word": "窮困"
},
{
"roman": "qióngkùn",
"word": "穷困"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "窮㾪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "穷㾪"
},
{
"roman": "qióngkǔ",
"word": "窮苦"
},
{
"roman": "qióngkǔ",
"word": "穷苦"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "窮赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "穷赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "艱苦"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "艰苦"
},
{
"roman": "pínfá",
"word": "貧乏"
},
{
"roman": "pínfá",
"word": "贫乏"
},
{
"roman": "pínkùn",
"word": "貧困"
},
{
"roman": "pínkùn",
"word": "贫困"
},
{
"roman": "pínhán",
"word": "貧寒"
},
{
"roman": "pínhán",
"word": "贫寒"
},
{
"roman": "pínjí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "貧瘠"
},
{
"roman": "pínjí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "贫瘠"
},
{
"roman": "pínqióng",
"word": "貧窮"
},
{
"roman": "pínqióng",
"word": "贫穷"
},
{
"roman": "pínkǔ",
"word": "貧苦"
},
{
"roman": "pínkǔ",
"word": "贫苦"
}
],
"word": "苦寒"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.