"艱巨" meaning in Chinese

See 艱巨 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Standard-Chinese, Sinological-IPA], /kaːn⁵⁵ kɵy̯²²/ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Sinological-IPA], /kan⁴⁴⁻²² ku²²/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Xiamen, IPA], /kan³³ kɯ²²/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Quanzhou, IPA], /kan⁴⁴⁻²² ki²²/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Zhangzhou, IPA], /kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ki²²/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Zhangzhou, IPA], /kan⁴⁴⁻³³ ku²¹/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Kaohsiung], /kan⁴⁴⁻³³ ku¹¹/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Taipei], /kaŋ³³⁻²³ kɯ³⁵/ [Min-Nan, Teochew, Sinological-IPA] Audio: Zh-jianjù.ogg [Mandarin, Bopomofo] Forms: 艱鉅 [Traditional-Chinese], 艰巨 [Simplified-Chinese]
Head templates: {{head|zh|adjective}} 艱巨
  1. arduous; onerous; formidable
    Sense id: en-艱巨-zh-adj-5EoR1uo6 Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Elementary Mandarin, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Synonyms: 不容易 (bùróngyì), (qín) [in-compounds, literary], 困難, 困难, 疑難 (yínán), 疑难 (yínán), 硬斗 [Hokkien], 硬氣 [Hokkien, Quanzhou, Xiamen], 硬气 [Hokkien, Quanzhou, Xiamen], 硬水 [Hokkien], 硬繚 [Hokkien], 硬缭 [Hokkien], 硬頭 [Hokkien, Xiamen, Zhangzhou-Hokkien], 硬头 [Hokkien, Xiamen, Zhangzhou-Hokkien], 良苦 (liángkǔ) [literary], 艱苦 (jiānkǔ), 艰苦 (jiānkǔ), 艱辛 (jiānxīn), 艰辛 (jiānxīn), 艱難 (jiānnán), 艰难 (jiānnán), 苦難 (kǔnàn), 苦难 (kǔnàn), 辛勞 (xīnláo), 辛劳 (xīnláo), 辛苦 (xīnkǔ), ,
{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "艱鉅",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "艰巨",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "艱巨",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Elementary Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "arduous; onerous; formidable"
      ],
      "id": "en-艱巨-zh-adj-5EoR1uo6",
      "links": [
        [
          "arduous",
          "arduous"
        ],
        [
          "onerous",
          "onerous"
        ],
        [
          "formidable",
          "formidable"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "bùróngyì",
          "word": "不容易"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qín",
          "tags": [
            "in-compounds",
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "勤"
        },
        {
          "word": "困難"
        },
        {
          "word": "困难"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yínán",
          "word": "疑難"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yínán",
          "word": "疑难"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "硬斗"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Quanzhou",
            "Xiamen"
          ],
          "word": "硬氣"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Quanzhou",
            "Xiamen"
          ],
          "word": "硬气"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "硬水"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "硬繚"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "硬缭"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Xiamen",
            "Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "硬頭"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Xiamen",
            "Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "硬头"
        },
        {
          "roman": "liángkǔ",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "良苦"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiānkǔ",
          "word": "艱苦"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiānkǔ",
          "word": "艰苦"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiānxīn",
          "word": "艱辛"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiānxīn",
          "word": "艰辛"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiānnán",
          "word": "艱難"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiānnán",
          "word": "艰难"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kǔnàn",
          "word": "苦難"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kǔnàn",
          "word": "苦难"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xīnláo",
          "word": "辛勞"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xīnláo",
          "word": "辛劳"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xīnkǔ",
          "word": "辛苦"
        },
        {
          "word": "難"
        },
        {
          "word": "难"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "jiānjù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄐㄩˋ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Zh-jianjù.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/df/Zh-jianjù.ogg/Zh-jianjù.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Zh-jianjù.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gaan¹ geoi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kǐr"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kian-kī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gang¹ ge⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "jiānjù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄐㄩˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "jianjyù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "chien¹-chü⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "jyān-jyù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "jianjiuh"
    },
    {
      "roman": "czjanʹczjuj",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "цзяньцзюй"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "兼具",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Homophones"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "艱巨",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Homophones"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese",
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "艰巨",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Homophones"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese",
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "間距",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Homophones"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese",
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "间距",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Homophones"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese",
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gaan¹ geoi⁶"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gāan geuih"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gaan¹ goey⁶"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gan¹ gêu⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaːn⁵⁵ kɵy̯²²/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kanku"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻²² ku²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kǐr"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kǐr"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan³³ kɯ²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kanki"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻²² ki²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kian-kī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kian-kī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kienki"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ki²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kù"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kù"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kankux"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻³³ ku²¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻³³ ku¹¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gang¹ ge⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kang kṳ̆"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaŋ³³⁻²³ kɯ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "艱巨"
}
{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "艱鉅",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "艰巨",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "艱巨",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese adjectives",
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Chinese adjectives",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 巨",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 艱",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Elementary Mandarin",
        "Hokkien adjectives",
        "Hokkien lemmas",
        "Mandarin adjectives",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation",
        "Mandarin terms with homophones",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Teochew adjectives",
        "Teochew lemmas"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "arduous; onerous; formidable"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "arduous",
          "arduous"
        ],
        [
          "onerous",
          "onerous"
        ],
        [
          "formidable",
          "formidable"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "jiānjù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄐㄩˋ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Zh-jianjù.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/df/Zh-jianjù.ogg/Zh-jianjù.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Zh-jianjù.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gaan¹ geoi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kǐr"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kian-kī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gang¹ ge⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "jiānjù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄐㄩˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "jianjyù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "chien¹-chü⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "jyān-jyù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "jianjiuh"
    },
    {
      "roman": "czjanʹczjuj",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "цзяньцзюй"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "兼具",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Homophones"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "艱巨",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Homophones"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese",
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "艰巨",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Homophones"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese",
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "間距",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Homophones"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese",
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "间距",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Homophones"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese",
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gaan¹ geoi⁶"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gāan geuih"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gaan¹ goey⁶"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gan¹ gêu⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaːn⁵⁵ kɵy̯²²/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kanku"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻²² ku²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kǐr"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kǐr"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan³³ kɯ²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kanki"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻²² ki²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kian-kī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kian-kī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kienki"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ki²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kù"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kan-kù"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kankux"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻³³ ku²¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻³³ ku¹¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gang¹ ge⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kang kṳ̆"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaŋ³³⁻²³ kɯ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "bùróngyì",
      "word": "不容易"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qín",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "勤"
    },
    {
      "word": "困難"
    },
    {
      "word": "困难"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yínán",
      "word": "疑難"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yínán",
      "word": "疑难"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "硬斗"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "硬氣"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "硬气"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "硬水"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "硬繚"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "硬缭"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "硬頭"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "硬头"
    },
    {
      "roman": "liángkǔ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "良苦"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiānkǔ",
      "word": "艱苦"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiānkǔ",
      "word": "艰苦"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiānxīn",
      "word": "艱辛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiānxīn",
      "word": "艰辛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiānnán",
      "word": "艱難"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiānnán",
      "word": "艰难"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kǔnàn",
      "word": "苦難"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kǔnàn",
      "word": "苦难"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīnláo",
      "word": "辛勞"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīnláo",
      "word": "辛劳"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīnkǔ",
      "word": "辛苦"
    },
    {
      "word": "難"
    },
    {
      "word": "难"
    }
  ],
  "word": "艱巨"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 艱巨 meaning in Chinese (6.8kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <sup> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "艱巨"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "艱巨",
  "trace": "started on line 22, detected on line 22"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </sup>",
  "path": [
    "艱巨"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "艱巨",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "page/2196",
  "msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E8%89%B1%E9%9B%A3'], ['edit']){} >",
  "path": [
    "艱巨"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "艱巨",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (ffdbfc3 and b9346a0). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.