艱巨 in Chinese

IPA: /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA, standard], /kaːn⁵⁵ kɵy̯²²/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /kan⁴⁴⁻²² ku²²/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /kan³³ kɯ²²/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /kan⁴⁴⁻²² ki²²/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ki²²/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /kan⁴⁴⁻³³ ku²¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /kan⁴⁴⁻³³ ku¹¹/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /kaŋ³³⁻²³ kɯ³⁵/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵¹/, /kaːn⁵⁵ kɵy̯²²/, /kan⁴⁴⁻²² ku²²/, /kan³³ kɯ²²/, /kan⁴⁴⁻²² ki²²/, /kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ki²²/, /kan⁴⁴⁻³³ ku²¹/, /kan⁴⁴⁻³³ ku¹¹/, /kaŋ³³⁻²³ kɯ³⁵/ Chinese transliterations: jiānjù [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄐㄧㄢㄐㄩˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], gaan¹ geoi⁶ [Cantonese, Jyutping], kan-kū [Hokkien, POJ], kan-kǐr [Hokkien, POJ], kan-kī [Hokkien, POJ], kian-kī [Hokkien, POJ], kan-kù [Hokkien, POJ], gang¹ ge⁶ [Peng'im, Teochew], jiānjù [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin, standard], ㄐㄧㄢㄐㄩˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo, standard], jianjyù [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin, standard], chien¹-chü⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles, standard], jyān-jyù [Mandarin, Yale, standard], jianjiuh [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin, standard], цзяньцзюй [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], czjanʹczjuj [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], gāan geuih [Cantonese, Yale], gaan¹ goey⁶ [Cantonese, Pinyin], gan¹ gêu⁶ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], kan-kū [Hokkien, Tai-lo], kanku [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], kan-kǐr [Hokkien, Tai-lo], kan-kī [Hokkien, Tai-lo], kanki [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], kian-kī [Hokkien, Tai-lo], kienki [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], kan-kù [Hokkien, Tai-lo], kankux [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], kang kṳ̆ [POJ, Teochew] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Head templates: {{head|zh|adjective}} 艱巨

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{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "艱巨",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Elementary Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "arduous; onerous; formidable"
      ],
      "id": "en-艱巨-zh-adj-5EoR1uo6",
      "links": [
        [
          "arduous",
          "arduous"
        ],
        [
          "onerous",
          "onerous"
        ],
        [
          "formidable",
          "formidable"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "bùróngyì",
          "word": "不容易"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qín",
          "tags": [
            "in-compounds",
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "勤"
        },
        {
          "word": "困難"
        },
        {
          "word": "困难"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yínán",
          "word": "疑難"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yínán",
          "word": "疑难"
        },
        {
          "roman": "liángkǔ",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "良苦"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiānkǔ",
          "word": "艱苦"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiānkǔ",
          "word": "艰苦"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiānnán",
          "word": "艱難"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiānnán",
          "word": "艰难"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kǔnàn",
          "word": "苦難"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kǔnàn",
          "word": "苦难"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xīnláo",
          "word": "辛勞"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xīnláo",
          "word": "辛劳"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xīnkǔ",
          "word": "辛苦"
        },
        {
          "word": "難"
        },
        {
          "word": "难"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jiānjù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄐㄩˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gaan¹ geoi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan-kū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan-kǐr"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan-kī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kian-kī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan-kù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gang¹ ge⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jiānjù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄐㄩˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jianjyù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chien¹-chü⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jyān-jyù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jianjiuh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цзяньцзюй"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "czjanʹczjuj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gāan geuih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gaan¹ goey⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gan¹ gêu⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaːn⁵⁵ kɵy̯²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan-kū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kanku"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻²² ku²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan-kǐr"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan³³ kɯ²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan-kī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kanki"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻²² ki²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kian-kī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kienki"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ki²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan-kù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kankux"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻³³ ku²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻³³ ku¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kang kṳ̆"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaŋ³³⁻²³ kɯ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "/ kan-kǐr /"
    },
    {
      "other": "/ kian-kī /"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaːn⁵⁵ kɵy̯²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻²² ku²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan³³ kɯ²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻²² ki²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ki²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻³³ ku²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻³³ ku¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaŋ³³⁻²³ kɯ³⁵/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "艱巨"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "艱巨",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese adjectives",
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Chinese adjectives",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Elementary Mandarin",
        "Hokkien adjectives",
        "Hokkien lemmas",
        "Mandarin adjectives",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin terms with audio links",
        "Mandarin terms with homophones",
        "Teochew adjectives",
        "Teochew lemmas"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "arduous; onerous; formidable"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "arduous",
          "arduous"
        ],
        [
          "onerous",
          "onerous"
        ],
        [
          "formidable",
          "formidable"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jiānjù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄐㄩˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gaan¹ geoi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan-kū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan-kǐr"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan-kī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kian-kī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan-kù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gang¹ ge⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jiānjù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄐㄩˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jianjyù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chien¹-chü⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jyān-jyù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jianjiuh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цзяньцзюй"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "czjanʹczjuj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gāan geuih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gaan¹ goey⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gan¹ gêu⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaːn⁵⁵ kɵy̯²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan-kū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kanku"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻²² ku²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan-kǐr"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan³³ kɯ²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan-kī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kanki"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻²² ki²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kian-kī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kienki"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ki²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan-kù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kankux"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻³³ ku²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻³³ ku¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kang kṳ̆"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaŋ³³⁻²³ kɯ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "/ kan-kǐr /"
    },
    {
      "other": "/ kian-kī /"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaːn⁵⁵ kɵy̯²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻²² ku²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan³³ kɯ²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻²² ki²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ki²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻³³ ku²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻³³ ku¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaŋ³³⁻²³ kɯ³⁵/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "bùróngyì",
      "word": "不容易"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qín",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "勤"
    },
    {
      "word": "困難"
    },
    {
      "word": "困难"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yínán",
      "word": "疑難"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yínán",
      "word": "疑难"
    },
    {
      "roman": "liángkǔ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "良苦"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiānkǔ",
      "word": "艱苦"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiānkǔ",
      "word": "艰苦"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiānnán",
      "word": "艱難"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiānnán",
      "word": "艰难"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kǔnàn",
      "word": "苦難"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kǔnàn",
      "word": "苦难"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīnláo",
      "word": "辛勞"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīnláo",
      "word": "辛劳"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīnkǔ",
      "word": "辛苦"
    },
    {
      "word": "難"
    },
    {
      "word": "难"
    }
  ],
  "word": "艱巨"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (4d5d0bb and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"艱巨" meaning in Chinese

Adjective