See grind on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "axe to grind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ax to grind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bump and grind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grind down"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grind out"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grindset"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grind the corn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grind to a halt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grind up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "have an axe to grind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "intergrind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "the mill cannot grind with water that is past"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "the mills of the gods grind slowly"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grynden"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grynden",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grindan"
},
"expansion": "Old English grindan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*grindan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *grindan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grindaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "gríende"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian gríende",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "grinden",
"pos": "rare",
"t": "to grind"
},
"expansion": "Dutch grinden (“to grind”, rare)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "grind",
"3": "",
"4": "to brawl, fight"
},
"expansion": "Albanian grind (“to brawl, fight”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English grynden, from Old English grindan, from Proto-West Germanic *grindan, from Proto-Germanic *grindaną.\nCognate with Saterland Frisian gríende, griene (“to grind, mill”), Dutch grinden (“to grind”, rare) and grind (“gravel, shingle”), Albanian grind (“to brawl, fight”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grinds",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grinding",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ground",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ground",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grinded",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grinded",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grinds",
"2": "grinding",
"3": "ground",
"past2": "grinded"
},
"expansion": "grind (third-person singular simple present grinds, present participle grinding, simple past and past participle ground or grinded)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1",
"past": "ground",
"past_2sg_old2": "groundest",
"past_ptc_old2": "grounden"
},
"name": "en-conj"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To reduce to smaller pieces by crushing with lateral motion."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-verb-0SIMiZ6p",
"links": [
[
"smaller",
"smaller"
],
[
"crush",
"crush"
],
[
"lateral",
"lateral"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To reduce to smaller pieces by crushing with lateral motion."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "akl",
"lang": "Aklanon",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "galing"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭaḥana",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "طَحَنَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭaḥan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "طحن"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "aġal",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "աղալ"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "matsin"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "chisedz"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "piha",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "পিহা"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "guri kora",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "গুৰি কৰা"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "malócʹ",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "мало́ць"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "taŭčý",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "таўчы́"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "malañ"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "melja",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "меля"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smilam",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "смилам"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razdrobjavam",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "раздробявам"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "esmicolar"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "moldre"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "picar"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "picolar"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "trinxar"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "triturar"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ce",
"lang": "Chechen",
"roman": "aḥʳa",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "ахьа"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "asdoa",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "ᎠᏍᏙᎠ"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mósuì",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "磨碎"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mó",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "磨"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "mlít"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "drtit"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "dlm",
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "macnur"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "raspe"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "rive"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "male"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "kværne"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "malen"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "vermalen"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "verpulveren"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "mueli"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "jauhaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "moudre"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "piler"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "masanâ"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "muldurâ"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "moer"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "relar"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "dapkva",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "დაფქვა"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "mahlen"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "zermahlen"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "malan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "𐌼𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "diswinþjan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "𐌳𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "alétho",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "αλέθω"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "aléō",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "ἀλέω"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "takhán",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "טחן"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "pīsnā",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "पीसना"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "őröl"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "darál"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "morzsol"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "zúz"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "porít"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "porrá tör/zúz"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ilo",
"lang": "Ilocano",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "giling"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "jauhaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "jauhoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "meil"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "isd",
"lang": "Isnag",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "xiling"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "macinare"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"alt": "ひく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hiku",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "挽く"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "sɑɑsɑngkən",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "សង្កិន"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ppata",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "빻다"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "galda",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "갈다"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "malt"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "molō"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "malt"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "malti"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German"
],
"word": "mahlen"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "muelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "mele",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "меле"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "kisar"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "msk",
"lang": "Mansaka",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "giling"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "whakanehu"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "kuoro"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "mhn",
"lang": "Mòcheno",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "moln"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "moudre"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "raspe"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "rive"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "male"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "kverne"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "mòler"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Church Slavic",
"roman": "mlěti",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "млѣти"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "mleć"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "moer"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "triturar"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "allpayachiy"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "kutay"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "măcina"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "pisa"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "moler"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "molótʹ",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "моло́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tolóčʹ",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "толо́чь"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "pinaṣṭi",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "पिनष्टि"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "molere"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "pran"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "meil"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "млети"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "mleti"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "mlieť"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "mleti"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "mlaś"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "moler"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "triturar"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "mala"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "arai",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "அரை"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bòt",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "บด"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "wālts-"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "öğütmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "uga",
"lang": "Ugaritic",
"roman": "ṭḥn",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "𐎉𐎈𐎐"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "molóty",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "моло́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "tovktý",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "товкти́"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "masnar"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "maxenar"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "maxnar"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "maxinar"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "sgramołare"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "xay"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "grainön"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "moure"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "broyî"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "malu"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "mealle"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "mww",
"lang": "White Hmong",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "zom"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 3 6 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 7 0 1 1 2",
"code": "nmn",
"lang": "ǃXóõ",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "gǂkxʻàa"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "grind a lens; grind an axe",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To shape with the force of friction."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-verb-XFfaz1L7",
"links": [
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"friction",
"friction"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To shape with the force of friction."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 74 2 5 6 1 1 0 0 2 2 1 1 3 0 1 0 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to shape with the force of friction",
"word": "hioa"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 74 2 5 6 1 1 0 0 2 2 1 1 3 0 1 0 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to shape with the force of friction",
"word": "köszörül"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 74 2 5 6 1 1 0 0 2 2 1 1 3 0 1 0 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to shape with the force of friction",
"word": "csiszol"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 74 2 5 6 1 1 0 0 2 2 1 1 3 0 1 0 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to shape with the force of friction",
"word": "polir"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 74 2 5 6 1 1 0 0 2 2 1 1 3 0 1 0 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to shape with the force of friction",
"word": "brunir"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 74 2 5 6 1 1 0 0 2 2 1 1 3 0 1 0 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to shape with the force of friction",
"word": "bruñir"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Metalworking",
"orig": "en:Metalworking",
"parents": [
"Crafts",
"Metallurgy",
"Society",
"Metals",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Matter",
"Fundamental",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-verb-243yvCi3",
"links": [
[
"metalworking",
"metalworking"
],
[
"remove",
"remove"
],
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"abrasive",
"abrasive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metalworking) To remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface."
],
"topics": [
"arts",
"crafts",
"engineering",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"metallurgy",
"metalworking",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šlifovam",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "шлифовам"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "poliram",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "полирам"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "polir"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yánmó",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "研磨"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "brousit"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "raspe"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "skrabe"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "schuren"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "hioa"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "meuler"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "schleifen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"alt": "とぐ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "togu",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "磨ぐ"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "ruuh",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "រូស"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "oro"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "kauoro"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "kanioro"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "kuoro"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "weku"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "raspe"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "skrape"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "ścierać"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "amolar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šlifovátʹ",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "шлифова́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otšlifovátʹ",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отшлифова́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "pulir"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "bilemek"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "šlifuváty",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "шліфува́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 84 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "mài"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This corn grinds well.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Steel grinds to a sharp edge.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To become ground, pulverized, or polished by friction."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-verb-21FGfqHi",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To become ground, pulverized, or polished by friction."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 4 2 67 4 1 1 3 0 1 4 1 2 2 0 1 1 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to become ground, pulverized, or polished by friction",
"word": "jauhautua"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 2 67 4 1 1 3 0 1 4 1 2 2 0 1 1 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to become ground, pulverized, or polished by friction",
"word": "whakanehu"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To move with much difficulty or friction; to grate."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-verb-S2infec6",
"links": [
[
"grate",
"grate"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 7 3 6 70 1 0 1 2 4 1 0 1 2 0 0 1 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to move with much difficulty or friction",
"word": "raahautua"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 3 6 70 1 0 1 2 4 1 0 1 2 0 0 1 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to move with much difficulty or friction",
"word": "csikorog"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 3 6 70 1 0 1 2 4 1 0 1 2 0 0 1 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to move with much difficulty or friction",
"word": "döcög"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 3 6 70 1 0 1 2 4 1 0 1 2 0 0 1 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to move with much difficulty or friction",
"word": "súrlódik"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 3 6 70 1 0 1 2 4 1 0 1 2 0 0 1 0",
"code": "mi",
"english": "refers specifically to the grinding of teeth",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to move with much difficulty or friction",
"word": "tetē"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 3 6 70 1 0 1 2 4 1 0 1 2 0 0 1 0",
"code": "mi",
"english": "refers specifically to the grinding of teeth",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to move with much difficulty or friction",
"word": "nenē"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sports",
"orig": "en:Sports",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To slide the flat portion of a skateboard or snowboard across an obstacle such as a railing."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-verb-2gm9clMB",
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"slide",
"slide"
],
[
"skateboard",
"skateboard"
],
[
"snowboard",
"snowboard"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports, intransitive) To slide the flat portion of a skateboard or snowboard across an obstacle such as a railing."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 1 3 1 2 69 2 2 2 3 2 1 2 1 0 2 1 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to slide a skateboard or snowboard across an obstacle",
"word": "grindata"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 3 1 2 69 2 2 2 3 2 1 2 1 0 2 1 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to slide a skateboard or snowboard across an obstacle",
"word": "grinden"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To oppress, hold down or weaken."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-verb-dY6ZpeL0",
"links": [
[
"oppress",
"oppress"
],
[
"hold down",
"hold down"
],
[
"weaken",
"weaken"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To oppress, hold down or weaken."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 1 1 87 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to oppress, hold down or weaken",
"word": "nedtrykke"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 1 1 87 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to oppress, hold down or weaken",
"word": "sortaa"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 1 14 2 2 4 11 2 2 2 5 5 2 3 2 11 2 2 8 2 3 3 0 1 1 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1984, Prince (lyrics and music), “Darling Nikki”, in Purple Rain, performed by Prince and the Revolution:",
"text": "She said, \"How'd you like to waste some time?\" / And I could not resist when I saw little Nikki grind",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rotate the hips erotically."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-verb-ozVtssXW",
"links": [
[
"rotate",
"rotate"
],
[
"hips",
"hips"
],
[
"erotic",
"erotic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, intransitive) To rotate the hips erotically."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"slang"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 1 1 70 2 1 4 1 2 1 2 1 2 6",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "slang: to rotate the hips erotically",
"word": "culejar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 1 1 70 2 1 4 1 2 1 2 1 2 6",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "slang: to rotate the hips erotically",
"word": "remenar el cul"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 1 1 70 2 1 4 1 2 1 2 1 2 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "slang: to rotate the hips erotically",
"word": "vrtět"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 1 1 70 2 1 4 1 2 1 2 1 2 6",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "slang: to rotate the hips erotically",
"word": "vrikke på hofterne"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 1 1 70 2 1 4 1 2 1 2 1 2 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "slang: to rotate the hips erotically",
"word": "grindata"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 1 1 70 2 1 4 1 2 1 2 1 2 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "slang: to rotate the hips erotically",
"word": "sculettare"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 1 1 70 2 1 4 1 2 1 2 1 2 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "slang: to rotate the hips erotically",
"word": "ancheggiare"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 1 1 70 2 1 4 1 2 1 2 1 2 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "slang: to rotate the hips erotically",
"word": "dimenarsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 1 1 70 2 1 4 1 2 1 2 1 2 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "slang: to rotate the hips erotically",
"word": "rebolar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To dance in a sexually suggestive way with both partners in very close proximity, often pressed against each other."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-verb-1xvvGM~M",
"links": [
[
"dance",
"dance"
],
[
"sexual",
"sexual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) To dance in a sexually suggestive way with both partners in very close proximity, often pressed against each other."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 2 2 3 2 2 5 44 11 6 2 2 2 4 1 4 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "slang: to dance in a sexually suggestive way",
"word": "schuren"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 2 2 3 2 2 5 44 11 6 2 2 2 4 1 4 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "slang: to dance in a sexually suggestive way",
"word": "grindata"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 2 2 3 2 2 5 44 11 6 2 2 2 4 1 4 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "slang: to dance in a sexually suggestive way",
"word": "sarrar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 February 26, Elizabeth Hoyt, Lord of Darkness: Number 5 in series, Hachette UK, →ISBN:",
"text": "She wanted to grind herself against him, wanted to moan, loud and free, wanted to take his hand and make him touch her more firmly.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2016 August 16, Heather McGovern, A Moment of Bliss, Lyrical Press, →ISBN:",
"text": "He ground against her until he was muttering curses, his kiss rougher than before.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017 December 17, Becca Fanning, Shifter Royal Dynasty Vol 1 (Royal BBW Bear Shifter Secret Baby Romance Series), Gizmo Media:",
"text": "She kept grinding until they were both spent: their bliss washing over them entirely.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 April 7, Laurelin Paige, Claire Contreras, Sierra Simone, Skye Warren, Annika Martin, Need You Now, Top Shelf Romance LLC:",
"text": "This morning, we woke up and made out for a solid forty-five minutes, grinding like teenagers until she came against my thigh.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rub one's body against another's in a sexual way; to frottage."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-verb-99RRJ8a7",
"links": [
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"sexual",
"sexual"
],
[
"frottage",
"frottage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) To rub one's body against another's in a sexual way; to frottage."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Video games",
"orig": "en:Video games",
"parents": [
"Games",
"Mass media",
"Software",
"Recreation",
"Culture",
"Media",
"Computing",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Communication",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 14 2 1 5 9 1 6 1 2 5 6 1 3 1 7 1 0 10 2 4 5 0 0 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "These enemies give lots of loot when killed, so many players fight them to grind for resources.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The first level of the game is the best place to grind extra lives.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Will Luton, Free-to-Play: Making Money From Games You Give Away, New Riders, →ISBN, page 38:",
"text": "Similarly, nearly all massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs), such as Dungeons & Dragons Online, feature grind: Players repeat tasks, or often “quests”, to gain in-game currency to spend on weapons or other ancillary items.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015 February 14, Steven Strom, “Evolve Review: Middle of the food chain”, in Ars Technica:",
"text": "To extend the variety past that, you'll need to unlock new units in each class, meaning you have to grind through the rather lengthy process of using every one of your class’ weapons and skills significantly across several matches.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To repeat a task a large number of times in a row to achieve a specific goal."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-verb-IF7aRt1a",
"links": [
[
"video game",
"video game"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(video games) To repeat a task a large number of times in a row to achieve a specific goal."
],
"topics": [
"video-games"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 3 5 8 2 3 1 8 2 2 36 2 5 6 0 1 2 14",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shuā",
"sense": "to repeat a task in video games",
"word": "刷"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 5 8 2 3 1 8 2 2 36 2 5 6 0 1 2 14",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to repeat a task in video games",
"word": "grindata"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 5 8 2 3 1 8 2 2 36 2 5 6 0 1 2 14",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "grindit'",
"sense": "to repeat a task in video games",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "гриндить"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 5 8 2 3 1 8 2 2 36 2 5 6 0 1 2 14",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to repeat a task in video games",
"word": "nöta"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to grind an organ",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To operate by turning a crank."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-verb-tF32XMdJ",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To operate by turning a crank."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 73 13 1 0 1 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to operate by turning a crank",
"word": "veivata"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-verb-TDgb-BEo",
"links": [
[
"mechanical",
"mechanical"
],
[
"repetitive",
"repetitive"
],
[
"crank",
"crank"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 0 3 11 70 2 0 1 1 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank",
"word": "jauhaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 0 3 11 70 2 0 1 1 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank",
"word": "hinkata"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 0 3 11 70 2 0 1 1 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "grindata"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 0 3 11 70 2 0 1 1 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank",
"word": "ont"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Computing",
"orig": "en:Computing",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To automatically format and indent code."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-verb-zF5Iok04",
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"format",
"format"
],
[
"indent",
"indent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computing, dated) To automatically format and indent code."
],
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hawaiian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Eh, brah, let's go grind.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To eat."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-verb-RCpYtcIK",
"links": [
[
"eat",
"eat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, Hawaii) To eat."
],
"tags": [
"Hawaii",
"slang"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 72 1 2 5",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "slang: to eat",
"word": "fråde"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 72 1 2 5",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "slang: to eat",
"word": "kaste i sig"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 72 1 2 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "slang: to eat",
"word": "skruudata"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Grinding lessons into students' heads does not motivate them to learn.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To instill through repetitive teaching."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-verb-0Kyi993N",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 88 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to instill through repetitive teaching",
"word": "jauhaa"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Grinding Leetcode",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1862, Frederic W. Farrar, St. Winifred's: or the World of School:",
"text": "One evening, during evening work, Charlie was trying hard to do the verses which had been set to his form. […] Wilton, whose conduct had been more impertinent than that of any one else, said to Charlie—\n“I say, young Evson, how you are grinding.”\n“I have these verses to do,” said Charlie simply.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To work or study hard; to hustle or drudge."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-verb-JwxLwwZP",
"links": [
[
"hustle",
"hustle"
],
[
"drudge",
"drudge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, slang) To work or study hard; to hustle or drudge."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"slang"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 98 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to work or study hard",
"word": "puurtaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 98 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to work or study hard",
"word": "ahkeroida"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 98 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to work or study hard",
"word": "raataa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 98 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to work or study hard",
"word": "paahtaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 98 0",
"code": "fi",
"english": "chiefly of studying",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to work or study hard",
"word": "grindata"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 98 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to work or study hard",
"word": "magol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 98 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to work or study hard",
"word": "ralar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 98 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zubritʹ",
"sense": "to work or study hard",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "зубрить"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 14 2 1 5 9 1 6 1 2 5 6 1 3 1 7 1 0 10 2 4 5 0 0 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 14 2 2 4 11 2 2 2 5 5 2 3 2 11 2 2 8 2 3 3 0 1 1 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 0 0 0 7 0 0 3 3 1 3 0 0 1 3 0 1 1 3 0 0 5 0 2 1 0 0 0 6 0 4 5 5 0 0 3 0 1 0 2 0 4 2 0 4 4 6 0 5 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 11 2 1 6 7 4 2 2 4 5 1 3 1 6 1 1 7 2 4 2 1 1 4 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Aklanon translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 3 2 6 7 4 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 7 2 4 2 1 1 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 8 5 2 3 9 5 3 3 5 4 3 3 1 5 2 2 7 2 3 6 1 2 3 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 4 9 5 2 1 5 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 7 3 5 3 1 1 3 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 3 2 5 7 5 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 6 2 1 7 2 5 2 1 1 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 12 3 2 4 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 2 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Aromanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Assamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 2 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 2 7 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 3 2 6 7 4 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 7 2 4 2 1 1 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Breton translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 11 3 3 4 9 4 2 1 6 5 2 4 1 7 2 2 7 2 4 2 1 1 3 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 8 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Chechen translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 4 8 6 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 5 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cherokee translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 3 1 6 8 5 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 6 2 1 7 3 4 3 1 1 4 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 3 2 5 8 4 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 9 2 4 3 1 1 3 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dalmatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 12 3 1 4 11 3 1 1 5 5 1 2 1 10 1 1 8 1 4 2 0 1 2 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 11 2 2 4 8 3 2 2 5 5 2 3 2 7 2 2 7 2 4 3 1 2 2 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 9 2 1 5 9 6 2 1 4 4 2 3 1 6 1 2 7 3 5 3 1 1 4 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 3 2 4 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 9 1 2 9 2 4 3 1 1 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 7 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ewe translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 5 5 2 3 1 8 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 10 2 2 4 9 3 3 2 5 5 3 4 2 8 2 2 7 2 4 2 0 2 2 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Friulian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 8 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 9 3 2 5 9 6 2 1 4 4 2 3 1 7 2 2 7 2 4 2 1 1 4 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 11 4 2 4 8 3 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 9 2 4 3 1 2 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German Low German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 12 2 2 4 9 3 2 2 5 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 2 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 11 3 1 4 8 8 1 1 4 5 1 4 1 6 2 1 7 2 5 3 1 1 4 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gothic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 8 5 2 3 8 2 4 4 6 5 3 3 2 5 2 2 7 2 3 7 0 1 2 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 4 8 8 2 1 4 5 2 4 1 6 2 1 7 2 5 2 1 1 4 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 4 9 3 3 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 0 1 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 8 5 1 4 8 3 3 4 6 5 3 2 1 5 1 1 7 2 4 7 0 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 12 3 2 4 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 2 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ilocano translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 3 2 6 7 4 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 7 2 4 2 1 1 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 2 2 4 8 3 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 2 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 4 2 4 8 4 2 2 5 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 3 5 3 1 1 3 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 3 2 4 8 3 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 9 2 4 3 1 2 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Isnag translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 13 2 2 4 9 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 9 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 1 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 13 2 2 4 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 1 2 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 11 1 1 4 9 9 1 1 4 5 1 4 1 6 1 2 7 2 5 3 1 1 4 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khiamniungan Naga translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 7 6 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 5 3 1 1 4 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 9 4 2 2 5 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 12 3 2 4 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 2 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latgalian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 13 2 2 4 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 1 2 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 3 2 6 7 4 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 7 2 4 2 1 1 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 3 2 6 7 4 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 7 2 4 2 1 1 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 13 2 1 5 8 2 3 1 4 7 1 3 1 7 1 1 9 2 4 3 1 1 2 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 12 3 2 4 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 1 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 3 2 6 7 4 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 7 2 4 2 1 1 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 3 2 6 7 4 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 7 2 4 2 1 1 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 4 2 3 10 5 2 2 6 5 3 3 1 6 1 3 7 2 4 4 1 1 2 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 13 2 2 4 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 1 2 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mansaka translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 2 2 4 8 3 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 2 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mòcheno translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 2 2 6 7 4 2 1 5 5 2 3 1 7 2 2 7 2 4 2 1 1 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norman translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 1 2 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 17 1 0 4 9 1 0 0 4 4 1 2 0 9 0 0 7 1 3 2 0 0 1 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 10 3 2 4 7 5 2 2 4 8 2 3 2 6 2 6 7 2 3 2 1 1 3 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 3 2 5 8 4 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 8 2 1 7 2 4 2 1 1 5 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 3 2 4 8 3 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 9 2 4 3 1 2 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Quechua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 3 2 4 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 9 2 4 3 1 1 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romansch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 2 2 4 9 2 2 2 5 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 1 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 12 3 2 4 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 2 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 3 2 6 7 4 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 7 2 4 2 1 1 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sardinian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 3 2 5 8 4 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scots translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 5 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 3 2 6 7 3 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 7 2 4 2 1 1 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 3 2 6 7 4 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 7 2 4 2 1 1 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 3 2 6 7 4 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 7 2 4 2 1 1 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 12 2 2 5 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 0 1 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 1 5 5 2 3 1 9 2 1 8 2 4 2 0 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 3 2 5 7 5 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 6 2 1 7 2 5 2 1 1 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tamil translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 3 2 5 7 5 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 6 2 1 7 2 5 2 1 1 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 16 1 0 3 9 1 1 1 4 4 1 2 0 8 1 0 7 1 3 2 0 0 1 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 4 9 7 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 2 8 2 5 2 0 1 3 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ugaritic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 5 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 13 2 1 5 9 2 2 2 4 6 2 3 1 7 2 1 9 2 4 3 0 1 2 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Venetan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 3 2 6 7 4 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 7 2 4 2 1 1 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 2 2 4 8 3 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 2 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Volapük translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 2 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 2 7 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Walloon translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 11 2 2 4 7 3 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 7 2 2 7 2 4 3 0 2 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 5 2 5 8 4 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 6 2 2 8 2 4 2 1 1 4 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with West Frisian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 16 1 1 4 11 2 1 1 4 5 1 2 0 8 1 1 8 1 4 2 0 0 2 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with White Hmong translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 13 2 2 5 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 1 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with ǃXóõ translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 2 1 3 9 7 4 3 2 5 5 3 2 1 4 1 1 6 2 6 4 0 1 3 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Coffee",
"orig": "en:Coffee",
"parents": [
"Beverages",
"Drinking",
"Food and drink",
"Liquids",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Matter",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2003, Steven Wunderink, Minding Your Spiritual Business: Life Stories with Life Sense, page 139:",
"text": "I need to pontificate on something that really grinds me. So here goes. I am sick and tired of lazy thinkers using the defense of “legislated morality.”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To annoy or irritate (a person); to grind one's gears."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-verb-NLG6uF0T",
"links": [
[
"annoy",
"annoy"
],
[
"irritate",
"irritate"
],
[
"grind one's gears",
"grind one's gears"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, slang) To annoy or irritate (a person); to grind one's gears."
],
"tags": [
"slang",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹaɪnd/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grind.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/64/En-us-grind.ogg/En-us-grind.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/En-us-grind.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪnd"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"grind"
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "daily grind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grind joint"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grind line"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nose grind"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grynden"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grynden",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grindan"
},
"expansion": "Old English grindan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*grindan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *grindan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grindaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "gríende"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian gríende",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "grinden",
"pos": "rare",
"t": "to grind"
},
"expansion": "Dutch grinden (“to grind”, rare)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "grind",
"3": "",
"4": "to brawl, fight"
},
"expansion": "Albanian grind (“to brawl, fight”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English grynden, from Old English grindan, from Proto-West Germanic *grindan, from Proto-Germanic *grindaną.\nCognate with Saterland Frisian gríende, griene (“to grind, mill”), Dutch grinden (“to grind”, rare) and grind (“gravel, shingle”), Albanian grind (“to brawl, fight”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grinds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "grind (countable and uncountable, plural grinds)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The act of reducing to powder, or of sharpening, by friction."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-noun-w-DPa1ah",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Something that has been reduced to powder, something that has been ground."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-noun-74geAUpi",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 14 2 1 5 9 1 6 1 2 5 6 1 3 1 7 1 0 10 2 4 5 0 0 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 14 2 2 4 11 2 2 2 5 5 2 3 2 11 2 2 8 2 3 3 0 1 1 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 0 0 0 7 0 0 3 3 1 3 0 0 1 3 0 1 1 3 0 0 5 0 2 1 0 0 0 6 0 4 5 5 0 0 3 0 1 0 2 0 4 2 0 4 4 6 0 5 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 8 5 2 3 9 5 3 3 5 4 3 3 1 5 2 2 7 2 3 6 1 2 3 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 4 9 5 2 1 5 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 7 3 5 3 1 1 3 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 12 3 2 4 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 2 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Aromanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Assamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 2 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 2 7 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 11 3 3 4 9 4 2 1 6 5 2 4 1 7 2 2 7 2 4 2 1 1 3 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 8 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Chechen translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 4 8 6 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 5 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cherokee translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 3 2 5 8 4 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 9 2 4 3 1 1 3 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dalmatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 11 2 2 4 8 3 2 2 5 5 2 3 2 7 2 2 7 2 4 3 1 2 2 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 3 2 4 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 9 1 2 9 2 4 3 1 1 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 5 5 2 3 1 8 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 3 10 2 2 4 9 3 3 2 5 5 3 4 2 8 2 2 7 2 4 2 0 2 2 12",
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"name": "Terms with French translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
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"name": "Terms with Friulian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 8 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 11 4 2 4 8 3 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 9 2 4 3 1 2 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German Low German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 12 2 2 4 9 3 2 2 5 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 2 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 11 3 1 4 8 8 1 1 4 5 1 4 1 6 2 1 7 2 5 3 1 1 4 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gothic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 8 5 2 3 8 2 4 4 6 5 3 3 2 5 2 2 7 2 3 7 0 1 2 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 4 8 8 2 1 4 5 2 4 1 6 2 1 7 2 5 2 1 1 4 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 4 9 3 3 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 0 1 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 12 3 2 4 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 2 2 14",
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"name": "Terms with Ilocano translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 2 2 4 8 3 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 2 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 4 2 4 8 4 2 2 5 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 3 5 3 1 1 3 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 3 2 4 8 3 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 9 2 4 3 1 2 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Isnag translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 13 2 2 4 9 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 9 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 1 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 13 2 2 4 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 1 2 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 11 1 1 4 9 9 1 1 4 5 1 4 1 6 1 2 7 2 5 3 1 1 4 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khiamniungan Naga translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 7 6 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 5 3 1 1 4 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 9 4 2 2 5 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 12 3 2 4 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 2 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latgalian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 13 2 2 4 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 1 2 15",
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"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 13 2 1 5 8 2 3 1 4 7 1 3 1 7 1 1 9 2 4 3 1 1 2 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 12 3 2 4 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 1 2 14",
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"name": "Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 4 2 3 10 5 2 2 6 5 3 3 1 6 1 3 7 2 4 4 1 1 2 11",
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"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 13 2 2 4 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 1 2 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mansaka translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 2 2 4 8 3 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 2 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mòcheno translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
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"name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 10 3 2 4 7 5 2 2 4 8 2 3 2 6 2 6 7 2 3 2 1 1 3 10",
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"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 3 2 4 8 3 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 9 2 4 3 1 2 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Quechua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
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"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 3 2 4 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 9 2 4 3 1 1 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romansch translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 2 2 4 9 2 2 2 5 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 1 2 14",
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"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 12 3 2 4 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 2 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 3 2 5 8 4 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scots translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 5 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 12 2 2 5 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 0 1 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 1 5 5 2 3 1 9 2 1 8 2 4 2 0 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 4 9 7 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 2 8 2 5 2 0 1 3 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ugaritic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 2 5 8 4 2 2 5 5 2 3 1 7 2 1 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 13 2 1 5 9 2 2 2 4 6 2 3 1 7 2 1 9 2 4 3 0 1 2 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Venetan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 12 2 2 4 8 3 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 2 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Volapük translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 2 2 5 8 4 2 2 4 5 2 3 1 7 2 2 7 2 4 3 1 1 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Walloon translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 11 2 2 4 7 3 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 7 2 2 7 2 4 3 0 2 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 13 2 2 5 8 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 2 8 2 2 8 2 4 3 1 1 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with ǃXóõ translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 2 1 3 9 7 4 3 2 5 5 3 2 1 4 1 1 6 2 6 4 0 1 3 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Coffee",
"orig": "en:Coffee",
"parents": [
"Beverages",
"Drinking",
"Food and drink",
"Liquids",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Matter",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This bag contains espresso grind.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-noun-4htLEBRs",
"links": [
[
"degree",
"degree"
],
[
"pulverization",
"pulverization"
],
[
"coffee bean",
"coffee bean"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 0 85 1 2 4 6 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans",
"word": "jauhatus"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 85 1 2 4 6 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans",
"word": "karkeus"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 85 1 2 4 6 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Mahlung"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 85 1 2 4 6 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Mahlfeinheit"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 85 1 2 4 6 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "álesma",
"sense": "a specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "άλεσμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 85 1 2 4 6 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "macinato"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 85 1 2 4 6 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "molato"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 85 1 2 4 6 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tritato"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 85 1 2 4 6 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "molienda"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This homework is a grind.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1961 February, D. Bertram, “The lines to Wetherby and their traffic”, in Trains Illustrated, page 101:",
"text": "Running again in more open agricultural country, the Harrogate line encounters a short downgrade before the stiff uphill grind to Harrogate begins.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A tedious and laborious task."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-noun-Dg~akh1B",
"links": [
[
"tedious",
"tedious"
],
[
"laborious",
"laborious"
],
[
"task",
"task"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chore"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 73 2 3 8 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a tedious task",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "karwei"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 73 2 3 8 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a tedious task",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schinderei"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 73 2 3 8 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a tedious task",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Quälerei"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 73 2 3 8 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a tedious task",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sfacchinata"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 73 2 3 8 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a tedious task",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "faticata"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 73 2 3 8 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "grind",
"sense": "a tedious task",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гринд"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 73 2 3 8 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a tedious task",
"word": "rutina"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A grinding trick on a skateboard or snowboard."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-noun-eb0o62-X",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1900, “Gifford Arthur Nelson”, in The Naughty-Naughtian, page 118:",
"text": "If you are at all bright, don't be a grind. Grinding may make a second-hand genius of you (for all the real things are dead), and if you become a genius you will be sure to smoke dope or swallow laudanum. They all did it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1911, Sunset, volume 27, page 440:",
"text": "[…] I suppose I don't know much about books, compared with you—”\n“Oh, I was never much of a grind,” the other cut in hastily.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who studies hard."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-noun-MqYvv5hF",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, slang) One who studies hard."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "swot"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "subgenre of heavy metal",
"word": "grindcore"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Musical genres",
"orig": "en:Musical genres",
"parents": [
"Genres",
"Music",
"Entertainment",
"Art",
"Sound",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 14 2 2 4 11 2 2 2 5 5 2 3 2 11 2 2 8 2 3 3 0 1 1 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 8 5 2 3 9 5 3 3 5 4 3 3 1 5 2 2 7 2 3 6 1 2 3 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 10 4 2 3 10 5 2 2 6 5 3 3 1 6 1 3 7 2 4 4 1 1 2 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 12 1 0 4 18 5 7 0 0 3 4 1 3 0 5 1 1 8 2 5 2 1 1 3 14",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Musical genres",
"orig": "en:Musical genres",
"parents": [
"Genres",
"Music",
"Entertainment",
"Art",
"Sound",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of grindcore (“subgenre of heavy metal”)."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-noun-iKD8FFmK",
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"grindcore",
"grindcore#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, music) Clipping of grindcore (“subgenre of heavy metal”)."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 1 6 3 1 3 5 13 7 3 3 5 5 2 2 1 3 1 1 6 2 5 5 0 1 4 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Hunting",
"orig": "en:Hunting",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I've been on the grind all week, trying to make ends meet.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2023 September 20, Lucy Ford, “How pop-music's hustle culture anthem was made redundant”, in GQ:",
"text": "Everyone has to work, they mourned, and that takes its toll. They weren't glamourising the grind because they knew their effort didn't match the supposed rewards.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hustle; hard work."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-noun-rMXutV4-",
"links": [
[
"Hustle",
"hustle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, slang) Hustle; hard work."
],
"tags": [
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹaɪnd/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grind.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/64/En-us-grind.ogg/En-us-grind.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/En-us-grind.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪnd"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "11 10 9 7 9 20 16 17",
"code": "kix",
"lang": "Khiamniungan Naga",
"sense": "grinded but not fully powdered ones",
"word": "vêi-àh"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"grind"
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fo",
"3": "grind",
"4": "",
"5": "pilot-whale meat"
},
"expansion": "Faroese grind (“pilot-whale meat”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Faroese grind (“pilot-whale meat”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grinds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grind (plural grinds)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A traditional communal pilot whale hunt in the Faroe Islands."
],
"id": "en-grind-en-noun-S1k2HFVo",
"links": [
[
"pilot whale",
"pilot whale"
],
[
"Faroe Islands",
"Faroe Islands"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grindadráp"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹɪnd/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnd"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"grind"
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrendʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grind"
},
"expansion": "English grind",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gréndžiu",
"3": "",
"4": "to scrape, scratch"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gréndžiu (“to scrape, scratch”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Either a nasal variant of grij or gërdhij, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (compare English grind, Lithuanian gréndžiu (“to scrape, scratch”). Same sense development as with grih.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grinda",
"tags": [
"aorist"
]
},
{
"form": "grindur",
"tags": [
"participle"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "verb",
"3": "aorist",
"4": "grinda",
"5": "participle",
"6": "grindur",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "grind (aorist grinda, participle grindur)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grinda",
"2": "grindur"
},
"expansion": "grind (aorist grinda, participle grindur)",
"name": "sq-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 1 1 1 6 1 1 2 3 1 3 1 1 2 3 1 1 1 3 0 0 4 1 2 1 0 1 1 6 0 3 4 4 1 0 3 0 1 0 1 0 3 1 0 3 3 6 1 4 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 0 0 0 7 0 0 3 3 1 3 0 0 1 3 0 1 1 3 0 0 5 0 2 1 0 0 0 6 0 4 5 5 0 0 3 0 1 0 2 0 4 2 0 4 4 6 0 5 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to brawl, to fight, to wrangle over"
],
"id": "en-grind-sq-verb-RCyWm2QN",
"links": [
[
"brawl",
"brawl"
],
[
"fight",
"fight"
],
[
"wrangle",
"wrangle"
],
[
"over",
"over"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "grij"
},
{
"word": "gërryej"
},
{
"word": "gërdhij"
}
]
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "grint"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: grint",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: grint"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "grint"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch grint",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*grinda"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *grinda",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grindō",
"t": "sand, pebbles"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindō (“sand, pebbles”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch grint, grinde, from Old Dutch *grinda, from Proto-Germanic *grindō (“sand, pebbles”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "grind n (uncountable)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"grind"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Geology",
"orig": "nl:Geology",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "76 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "grindbed"
},
{
"word": "grindbeton"
},
{
"word": "grinden"
},
{
"word": "grindig"
},
{
"word": "grindpad"
},
{
"word": "grindweg"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gravel, pebbles, shingle"
],
"id": "en-grind-nl-noun-15ONnrEr",
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"gravel",
"gravel"
],
[
"pebble",
"pebble"
],
[
"shingle",
"shingle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) gravel, pebbles, shingle"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "grinte"
},
{
"word": "grint"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣrɪnt/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-grind.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Nl-grind.ogg/Nl-grind.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Nl-grind.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grinde"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:grind"
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Germanic, perhaps from the above root as a crusty rash.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "grind n (uncountable)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"grind"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Pathology",
"orig": "nl:Pathology",
"parents": [
"Disease",
"Medicine",
"Health",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Body",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "grindig"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the diseases scabies (human), mange (canine)"
],
"id": "en-grind-nl-noun-J1dKVNoE",
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"scabies",
"scabies"
],
[
"mange",
"mange"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, pathology) the diseases scabies (human), mange (canine)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "schurft"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"neuter",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣrɪnt/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-grind.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Nl-grind.ogg/Nl-grind.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Nl-grind.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grinde"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:grind"
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "non",
"3": "grind",
"4": "",
"5": "gate"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse grind (“gate”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse grind (“gate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grindar",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindir",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fo-decl-noun-f2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindirnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindirnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindarinnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grinda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "grind f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "grindar",
"3": "grindir"
},
"expansion": "grind f (genitive singular grindar, plural grindir)",
"name": "fo-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grind"
},
"name": "fo-decl-noun-f2"
}
],
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A framework"
],
"id": "en-grind-fo-noun-EDz7H-lO",
"links": [
[
"framework",
"framework"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 25 31 32 5 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Faroese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A grille"
],
"id": "en-grind-fo-noun-3xLREefe",
"links": [
[
"grille",
"grille"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "qrind"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: qrind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: qrind"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "гры́нда"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: гры́нда (hrýnda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: гры́нда (hrýnda)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "гри́нда"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: гри́нда (grínda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: гри́нда (grínda)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "grindehval",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Danish: grindehval",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Danish: grindehval"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "griend"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: griend",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: griend"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "grinda"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: grinda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: grinda"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Grindwal"
},
"expansion": "German: Grindwal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Grindwal"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: grind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: grind"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "гри́нда"
},
"expansion": "Russian: гри́нда (grínda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: гри́нда (grínda)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "grindval"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: grindval",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: grindval"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "гри́нда"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: гри́нда (hrýnda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: гри́нда (hrýnda)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: grind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: grind"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "The term is a Faroese invention. A school of pilot whales reminds of a framework (see grind above) in the sea, by swimming very close to each other. More likely the word is related to the English word ground and refers to the whales frequently running aground or easily driven onto ground. Another theory suggests it refers to grinding, scraping or rubbing, in as mating behaviour.On the etymology of Faroese Grind “school of pilot whales” The Faroese term was loaned in many other languages; compare German Grindwal, Danish grindehval or Dutch griend.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grindar",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindir",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fo-decl-noun-f2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindirnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindirnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindarinnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grinda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "grind f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "grindar",
"3": "grindir"
},
"expansion": "grind f (genitive singular grindar, plural grindir)",
"name": "fo-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grind"
},
"name": "fo-decl-noun-f2"
}
],
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 25 31 32 5 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Faroese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A school of grindahvalur (pilot whales)"
],
"id": "en-grind-fo-noun-zxXw3PGm",
"links": [
[
"school",
"school"
],
[
"grindahvalur",
"grindahvalur"
],
[
"pilot whale",
"pilot whale"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 25 31 32 5 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Faroese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 19 25 47 4 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fo",
"name": "Foods",
"orig": "fo:Foods",
"parents": [
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The tvøst (meat) and spik (blubber) of the pilot whales"
],
"id": "en-grind-fo-noun-1lDZEvrb",
"links": [
[
"tvøst",
"tvøst"
],
[
"meat",
"meat"
],
[
"spik",
"spik"
],
[
"blubber",
"blubber"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The act of pilot whaling, grindadráp"
],
"id": "en-grind-fo-noun-gwO8HVxT",
"links": [
[
"grindadráp",
"grindadráp"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An unexpected meal"
],
"id": "en-grind-fo-noun-A4VDTdkM",
"links": [
[
"unexpected",
"unexpected"
],
[
"meal",
"meal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) An unexpected meal"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "grind",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Norse grind",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Norse grind",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Norse grind.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grindar",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindur",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "feminine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindin",
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"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindurnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindurnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindinni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindarinnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grinda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "@@:lattice"
},
"expansion": "grind f (genitive singular grindar, nominative plural grindur)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f,,ur",
"id": "lattice"
},
"name": "is-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 14 32 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lattice, grid, grille"
],
"id": "en-grind-is-noun-tj6DyCZ1",
"links": [
[
"lattice",
"lattice"
],
[
"grid",
"grid"
],
[
"grille",
"grille"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"framework"
],
"id": "en-grind-is-noun-BqYd8EKt",
"links": [
[
"framework",
"framework"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"lattice"
],
"id": "en-grind-is-noun-TL4JWXt2",
"links": [
[
"lattice",
"lattice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(order theory) lattice"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"order-theory",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɪnt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnt"
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "fo",
"3": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Faroese grind",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Faroese grind.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grindar",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindur",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "feminine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindurnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindurnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindinni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindarinnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grinda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "@@:pilot whale"
},
"expansion": "grind f (genitive singular grindar, nominative plural grindur)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f,,ur",
"id": "pilot whale"
},
"name": "is-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"pilot whale"
],
"id": "en-grind-is-noun-9ylgC5x1",
"links": [
[
"pilot whale",
"pilot whale"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "pilot whale",
"word": "grindahvalur"
},
{
"sense": "pilot whale",
"word": "marsvín"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɪnt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnt"
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "beingrind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grindgjerde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grindhval"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grindsag"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grindstolpe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grindverk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grindveving"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grindåpner"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "husgrind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "leikegrind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "lekegrind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "takgrind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "trappegrind"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse grind",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse grind.",
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{
"form": "grinda",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grinder",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A hinged gate across a road or path where it is intersected by a fence."
],
"id": "en-grind-nb-noun-adCpBD4g",
"links": [
[
"gate",
"gate"
],
[
"fence",
"fence"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A framework"
],
"id": "en-grind-nb-noun-EDz7H-lO",
"links": [
[
"framework",
"framework"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A grille"
],
"id": "en-grind-nb-noun-3xLREefe",
"links": [
[
"grille",
"grille"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "beingrind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "leikegrind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "takgrind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "trappegrind"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "grind",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Norse grind",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Norse grind",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Norse grind.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grinda",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grinder",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nn-noun-infl\n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Historical inflection of grind",
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "Forms in italics are currently considered non-standard. Forms in [brackets] were official",
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "but considered second-tier. Forms in (parentheses) were allowed under Midlandsnormalen. ¹Nouns were capitalised for most of the 19th century.",
"source": "inflection"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1901d": "grindarne (grindane)",
"1917b": "grinda, grindi",
"1917c": "grinder",
"1917d": "grindene",
"1938b": "grinda grindi",
"2012a": "grind",
"2012b": "grinda",
"2012c": "grinder",
"2012d": "grindene",
"Aasen1": "Grind",
"Aasen2": "Grindi",
"Aasen3": "Grindar",
"Aasen4": "Grindarna"
},
"name": "nn-noun-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Close the gate!",
"text": "Ha att grinda!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A hinged gate across a road or path where it is intersected by a fence."
],
"id": "en-grind-nn-noun-adCpBD4g",
"links": [
[
"gate",
"gate"
],
[
"fence",
"fence"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A framework"
],
"id": "en-grind-nn-noun-EDz7H-lO",
"links": [
[
"framework",
"framework"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A grille"
],
"id": "en-grind-nn-noun-3xLREefe",
"links": [
[
"grille",
"grille"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɪnd/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɪnː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɪɲː/",
"note": "with palatalization",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "en",
"3": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English grind",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English grind",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grinden",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "grindcore"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nn",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "nn:Music",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Sound",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of grindcore."
],
"id": "en-grind-nn-noun-~xxd53cI",
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"grindcore",
"grindcore#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) Clipping of grindcore."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"masculine",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɪnd/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɪnː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɪɲː/",
"note": "with palatalization",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: grind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: grind"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: grind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: grind"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: grind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: grind"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: grind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: grind"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: grind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: grind"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrendʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grindiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindiz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *grindiz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grindar",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindr",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-decl-f-i",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindirnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindirnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindinni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindarinnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grinda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-decl-f-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindrnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindrnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindinni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindarinnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindrinnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grinda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "grind f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "grindar",
"3": "grindr"
},
"expansion": "grind f (genitive grindar, plural grindr)",
"name": "non-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grind",
"2": "grind",
"3": "grind"
},
"name": "non-decl-f-i"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "grindirnar",
"api": "grindir",
"asd": "grindina",
"asi": "grind",
"dpd": "grindunum",
"dpi": "grindum",
"dsd": "grindinni",
"dsi": "grind",
"g": "feminine",
"gpd": "grindanna",
"gpi": "grinda",
"gsd": "grindarinnar",
"gsi": "grindar",
"notes": "",
"npd": "grindirnar",
"npi": "grindir",
"nsd": "grindin",
"nsi": "grind",
"stem": "strong i-stem",
"title": "grind"
},
"name": "non-decl-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grind",
"2": "nsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindin",
"2": "nsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindir",
"2": "npi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindirnar",
"2": "npd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grind",
"2": "asi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindina",
"2": "asd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindir",
"2": "api"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindirnar",
"2": "apd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grind",
"2": "dsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindinni",
"2": "dsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindum",
"2": "dpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindunum",
"2": "dpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindar",
"2": "gsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindarinnar",
"2": "gsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grinda",
"2": "gpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindanna",
"2": "gpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grind",
"2": "grind",
"3": "grind",
"gsd": "grindarinnar, grindrinnar",
"gsi": "grindar, grindr"
},
"name": "non-decl-f-c"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "grindrnar",
"api": "grindr",
"asd": "grindina",
"asi": "grind",
"dpd": "grindunum",
"dpi": "grindum",
"dsd": "grindinni",
"dsi": "grind",
"g": "feminine",
"gpd": "grindanna",
"gpi": "grinda",
"gsd": "grindarinnar, grindrinnar",
"gsi": "grindar, grindr",
"notes": "",
"npd": "grindrnar",
"npi": "grindr",
"nsd": "grindin",
"nsi": "grind",
"stem": "strong consonant stem",
"title": "grind"
},
"name": "non-decl-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grind",
"2": "nsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindin",
"2": "nsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindr",
"2": "npi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindrnar",
"2": "npd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grind",
"2": "asi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindina",
"2": "asd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindr",
"2": "api"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindrnar",
"2": "apd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grind",
"2": "dsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindinni",
"2": "dsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindum",
"2": "dpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindunum",
"2": "dpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindar, grindr",
"2": "gsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindarinnar, grindrinnar",
"2": "gsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grinda",
"2": "gpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindanna",
"2": "gpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 2 0 0 0 7 0 0 3 3 1 3 0 0 1 3 0 1 1 3 0 0 5 0 2 1 0 0 0 6 0 4 5 5 0 0 3 0 1 0 2 0 4 2 0 4 4 6 0 5 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 4 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a gate made of spars or bars"
],
"id": "en-grind-non-noun-c1iVbqa~",
"links": [
[
"gate",
"gate"
],
[
"spar",
"spar"
],
[
"bar",
"bar"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"haven, dock"
],
"id": "en-grind-non-noun-proFzphT",
"links": [
[
"haven",
"haven"
],
[
"dock",
"dock"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"storehouses"
],
"id": "en-grind-non-noun-jKOXYEKS",
"links": [
[
"storehouse",
"storehouse"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gallergrind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grindhål"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grindslant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grindstolpe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grindstuga"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grindvakt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grindval"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grindöppning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "järngrind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "spjälgrind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "spärrgrind"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmq-osw",
"3": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish grind",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse grind",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grindiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindiz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrendʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Swedish grind, from Old Norse grind, from Proto-Germanic *grindiz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "grind c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "grind c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "gate",
"word": "port"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sv",
"name": "Heraldic charges",
"orig": "sv:Heraldic charges",
"parents": [
"Heraldry",
"History",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "drive through the gate in the fence",
"text": "köra in genom grinden i staketet",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Don't forget to close the gate",
"text": "Glöm inte att stänga grinden",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the gate to the pasture",
"text": "grinden till hagen",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a (non-solid, like a grid or mesh) gate (in a fence, wall, hedge, or the like)"
],
"id": "en-grind-sv-noun-smnbV4oV",
"links": [
[
"gate",
"gate"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sv",
"name": "Computing",
"orig": "sv:Computing",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sv",
"name": "Heraldic charges",
"orig": "sv:Heraldic charges",
"parents": [
"Heraldry",
"History",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "NAND gates",
"text": "NAND-grindar",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A gate (logical pathway)"
],
"id": "en-grind-sv-noun-s-tt1UyK",
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"gate",
"gate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computing) A gate (logical pathway)"
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"sv:grind"
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sv:Heraldic charges"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrendʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grind"
},
"expansion": "English grind",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gréndžiu",
"3": "",
"4": "to scrape, scratch"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gréndžiu (“to scrape, scratch”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Either a nasal variant of grij or gërdhij, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (compare English grind, Lithuanian gréndžiu (“to scrape, scratch”). Same sense development as with grih.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grinda",
"tags": [
"aorist"
]
},
{
"form": "grindur",
"tags": [
"participle"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "verb",
"3": "aorist",
"4": "grinda",
"5": "participle",
"6": "grindur",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "grind (aorist grinda, participle grindur)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grinda",
"2": "grindur"
},
"expansion": "grind (aorist grinda, participle grindur)",
"name": "sq-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "grij"
},
{
"word": "gërryej"
},
{
"word": "gërdhij"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Albanian lemmas",
"Albanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Albanian verbs",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to brawl, to fight, to wrangle over"
],
"links": [
[
"brawl",
"brawl"
],
[
"fight",
"fight"
],
[
"wrangle",
"wrangle"
],
[
"over",
"over"
]
]
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch neuter nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch terms derived from Germanic languages",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪnt",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪnt/1 syllable",
"sv:Heraldic charges"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "grindbed"
},
{
"word": "grindbeton"
},
{
"word": "grinden"
},
{
"word": "grindig"
},
{
"word": "grindpad"
},
{
"word": "grindweg"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "grint"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: grint",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: grint"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "grint"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch grint",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*grinda"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *grinda",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grindō",
"t": "sand, pebbles"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindō (“sand, pebbles”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch grint, grinde, from Old Dutch *grinda, from Proto-Germanic *grindō (“sand, pebbles”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "grind n (uncountable)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"grind"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"nl:Geology"
],
"glosses": [
"gravel, pebbles, shingle"
],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"gravel",
"gravel"
],
[
"pebble",
"pebble"
],
[
"shingle",
"shingle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) gravel, pebbles, shingle"
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣrɪnt/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-grind.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Nl-grind.ogg/Nl-grind.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Nl-grind.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grinde"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "grinte"
},
{
"word": "grint"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:grind"
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch neuter nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch terms derived from Germanic languages",
"Dutch uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪnt",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪnt/1 syllable",
"sv:Heraldic charges"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "grindig"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Germanic, perhaps from the above root as a crusty rash.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "grind n (uncountable)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"grind"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with archaic senses",
"nl:Pathology"
],
"glosses": [
"the diseases scabies (human), mange (canine)"
],
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"scabies",
"scabies"
],
[
"mange",
"mange"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, pathology) the diseases scabies (human), mange (canine)"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"neuter",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣrɪnt/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-grind.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Nl-grind.ogg/Nl-grind.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Nl-grind.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "schurft"
},
{
"word": "grinde"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:grind"
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"categories": [
"English class 3 strong verbs",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Faroese",
"English terms derived from Faroese",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Albanian translations",
"Requests for review of Breton translations",
"Requests for review of Ewe translations",
"Requests for review of Hindi translations",
"Requests for review of Icelandic translations",
"Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Norwegian translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Rhymes:English/aɪnd",
"Rhymes:English/aɪnd/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɪnd",
"Rhymes:English/ɪnd/1 syllable",
"Terms with Aklanon translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Aromanian translations",
"Terms with Assamese translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Chechen translations",
"Terms with Cherokee translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dalmatian translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Ewe translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Friulian translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German Low German translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ilocano translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Isnag translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khiamniungan Naga translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latgalian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Mansaka translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Mòcheno translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Quechua translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Romansch translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Sardinian translations",
"Terms with Scots translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ugaritic translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Venetan translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with West Frisian translations",
"Terms with White Hmong translations",
"Terms with ǃXóõ translations",
"en:Coffee",
"en:Hunting",
"en:Musical genres",
"sv:Heraldic charges"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "axe to grind"
},
{
"word": "ax to grind"
},
{
"word": "bump and grind"
},
{
"word": "grind down"
},
{
"word": "grind out"
},
{
"word": "grindset"
},
{
"word": "grind the corn"
},
{
"word": "grind to a halt"
},
{
"word": "grind up"
},
{
"word": "have an axe to grind"
},
{
"word": "intergrind"
},
{
"word": "the mill cannot grind with water that is past"
},
{
"word": "the mills of the gods grind slowly"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grynden"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grynden",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grindan"
},
"expansion": "Old English grindan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*grindan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *grindan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grindaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "gríende"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian gríende",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "grinden",
"pos": "rare",
"t": "to grind"
},
"expansion": "Dutch grinden (“to grind”, rare)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "grind",
"3": "",
"4": "to brawl, fight"
},
"expansion": "Albanian grind (“to brawl, fight”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English grynden, from Old English grindan, from Proto-West Germanic *grindan, from Proto-Germanic *grindaną.\nCognate with Saterland Frisian gríende, griene (“to grind, mill”), Dutch grinden (“to grind”, rare) and grind (“gravel, shingle”), Albanian grind (“to brawl, fight”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grinds",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grinding",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ground",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ground",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grinded",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grinded",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grinds",
"2": "grinding",
"3": "ground",
"past2": "grinded"
},
"expansion": "grind (third-person singular simple present grinds, present participle grinding, simple past and past participle ground or grinded)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1",
"past": "ground",
"past_2sg_old2": "groundest",
"past_ptc_old2": "grounden"
},
"name": "en-conj"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To reduce to smaller pieces by crushing with lateral motion."
],
"links": [
[
"smaller",
"smaller"
],
[
"crush",
"crush"
],
[
"lateral",
"lateral"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To reduce to smaller pieces by crushing with lateral motion."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "grind a lens; grind an axe",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To shape with the force of friction."
],
"links": [
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"friction",
"friction"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To shape with the force of friction."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Metalworking"
],
"glosses": [
"To remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface."
],
"links": [
[
"metalworking",
"metalworking"
],
[
"remove",
"remove"
],
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"abrasive",
"abrasive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metalworking) To remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface."
],
"topics": [
"arts",
"crafts",
"engineering",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"metallurgy",
"metalworking",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This corn grinds well.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Steel grinds to a sharp edge.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To become ground, pulverized, or polished by friction."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To become ground, pulverized, or polished by friction."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To move with much difficulty or friction; to grate."
],
"links": [
[
"grate",
"grate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"en:Sports"
],
"glosses": [
"To slide the flat portion of a skateboard or snowboard across an obstacle such as a railing."
],
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"slide",
"slide"
],
[
"skateboard",
"skateboard"
],
[
"snowboard",
"snowboard"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports, intransitive) To slide the flat portion of a skateboard or snowboard across an obstacle such as a railing."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To oppress, hold down or weaken."
],
"links": [
[
"oppress",
"oppress"
],
[
"hold down",
"hold down"
],
[
"weaken",
"weaken"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To oppress, hold down or weaken."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1984, Prince (lyrics and music), “Darling Nikki”, in Purple Rain, performed by Prince and the Revolution:",
"text": "She said, \"How'd you like to waste some time?\" / And I could not resist when I saw little Nikki grind",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rotate the hips erotically."
],
"links": [
[
"rotate",
"rotate"
],
[
"hips",
"hips"
],
[
"erotic",
"erotic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, intransitive) To rotate the hips erotically."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang"
],
"glosses": [
"To dance in a sexually suggestive way with both partners in very close proximity, often pressed against each other."
],
"links": [
[
"dance",
"dance"
],
[
"sexual",
"sexual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) To dance in a sexually suggestive way with both partners in very close proximity, often pressed against each other."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 February 26, Elizabeth Hoyt, Lord of Darkness: Number 5 in series, Hachette UK, →ISBN:",
"text": "She wanted to grind herself against him, wanted to moan, loud and free, wanted to take his hand and make him touch her more firmly.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2016 August 16, Heather McGovern, A Moment of Bliss, Lyrical Press, →ISBN:",
"text": "He ground against her until he was muttering curses, his kiss rougher than before.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017 December 17, Becca Fanning, Shifter Royal Dynasty Vol 1 (Royal BBW Bear Shifter Secret Baby Romance Series), Gizmo Media:",
"text": "She kept grinding until they were both spent: their bliss washing over them entirely.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 April 7, Laurelin Paige, Claire Contreras, Sierra Simone, Skye Warren, Annika Martin, Need You Now, Top Shelf Romance LLC:",
"text": "This morning, we woke up and made out for a solid forty-five minutes, grinding like teenagers until she came against my thigh.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rub one's body against another's in a sexual way; to frottage."
],
"links": [
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"sexual",
"sexual"
],
[
"frottage",
"frottage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) To rub one's body against another's in a sexual way; to frottage."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Video games"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "These enemies give lots of loot when killed, so many players fight them to grind for resources.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The first level of the game is the best place to grind extra lives.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Will Luton, Free-to-Play: Making Money From Games You Give Away, New Riders, →ISBN, page 38:",
"text": "Similarly, nearly all massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs), such as Dungeons & Dragons Online, feature grind: Players repeat tasks, or often “quests”, to gain in-game currency to spend on weapons or other ancillary items.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015 February 14, Steven Strom, “Evolve Review: Middle of the food chain”, in Ars Technica:",
"text": "To extend the variety past that, you'll need to unlock new units in each class, meaning you have to grind through the rather lengthy process of using every one of your class’ weapons and skills significantly across several matches.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To repeat a task a large number of times in a row to achieve a specific goal."
],
"links": [
[
"video game",
"video game"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(video games) To repeat a task a large number of times in a row to achieve a specific goal."
],
"topics": [
"video-games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to grind an organ",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To operate by turning a crank."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To operate by turning a crank."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank."
],
"links": [
[
"mechanical",
"mechanical"
],
[
"repetitive",
"repetitive"
],
[
"crank",
"crank"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms",
"en:Computing"
],
"glosses": [
"To automatically format and indent code."
],
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"format",
"format"
],
[
"indent",
"indent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computing, dated) To automatically format and indent code."
],
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Hawaiian English"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Eh, brah, let's go grind.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To eat."
],
"links": [
[
"eat",
"eat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, Hawaii) To eat."
],
"tags": [
"Hawaii",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Grinding lessons into students' heads does not motivate them to learn.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To instill through repetitive teaching."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Grinding Leetcode",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1862, Frederic W. Farrar, St. Winifred's: or the World of School:",
"text": "One evening, during evening work, Charlie was trying hard to do the verses which had been set to his form. […] Wilton, whose conduct had been more impertinent than that of any one else, said to Charlie—\n“I say, young Evson, how you are grinding.”\n“I have these verses to do,” said Charlie simply.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To work or study hard; to hustle or drudge."
],
"links": [
[
"hustle",
"hustle"
],
[
"drudge",
"drudge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, slang) To work or study hard; to hustle or drudge."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2003, Steven Wunderink, Minding Your Spiritual Business: Life Stories with Life Sense, page 139:",
"text": "I need to pontificate on something that really grinds me. So here goes. I am sick and tired of lazy thinkers using the defense of “legislated morality.”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To annoy or irritate (a person); to grind one's gears."
],
"links": [
[
"annoy",
"annoy"
],
[
"irritate",
"irritate"
],
[
"grind one's gears",
"grind one's gears"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, slang) To annoy or irritate (a person); to grind one's gears."
],
"tags": [
"slang",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹaɪnd/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grind.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/64/En-us-grind.ogg/En-us-grind.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/En-us-grind.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪnd"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "akl",
"lang": "Aklanon",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "galing"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭaḥana",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "طَحَنَ"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭaḥan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "طحن"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "aġal",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "աղալ"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "matsin"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "chisedz"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "piha",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "পিহা"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "guri kora",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "গুৰি কৰা"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "malócʹ",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "мало́ць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "taŭčý",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "таўчы́"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "malañ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "melja",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "меля"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smilam",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "смилам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razdrobjavam",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "раздробявам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "esmicolar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "moldre"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "picar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "picolar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "trinxar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "triturar"
},
{
"code": "ce",
"lang": "Chechen",
"roman": "aḥʳa",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "ахьа"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "asdoa",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "ᎠᏍᏙᎠ"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mósuì",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "磨碎"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mó",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "磨"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "mlít"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "drtit"
},
{
"code": "dlm",
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "macnur"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "raspe"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "rive"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "male"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "kværne"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "malen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "vermalen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "verpulveren"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "mueli"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "jauhaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "moudre"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "piler"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "masanâ"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "muldurâ"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "moer"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "relar"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "dapkva",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "დაფქვა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "mahlen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "zermahlen"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "malan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "𐌼𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "diswinþjan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "𐌳𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "alétho",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "αλέθω"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "aléō",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "ἀλέω"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "takhán",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "טחן"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "pīsnā",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "पीसना"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "őröl"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "darál"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "morzsol"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "zúz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "porít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "porrá tör/zúz"
},
{
"code": "ilo",
"lang": "Ilocano",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "giling"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "jauhaa"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "jauhoa"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "meil"
},
{
"code": "isd",
"lang": "Isnag",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "xiling"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "macinare"
},
{
"alt": "ひく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hiku",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "挽く"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "sɑɑsɑngkən",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "សង្កិន"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ppata",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "빻다"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "galda",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "갈다"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "malt"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "molō"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "malt"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "malti"
},
{
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German"
],
"word": "mahlen"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "muelen"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "mele",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "меле"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "kisar"
},
{
"code": "msk",
"lang": "Mansaka",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "giling"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "whakanehu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "kuoro"
},
{
"code": "mhn",
"lang": "Mòcheno",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "moln"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "moudre"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "raspe"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "rive"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "male"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "kverne"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "mòler"
},
{
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Church Slavic",
"roman": "mlěti",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "млѣти"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "mleć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "moer"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "triturar"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "allpayachiy"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "kutay"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "măcina"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "pisa"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "moler"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "molótʹ",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "моло́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tolóčʹ",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "толо́чь"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "pinaṣṭi",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "पिनष्टि"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "molere"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "pran"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "meil"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "млети"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "mleti"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "mlieť"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "mleti"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "mlaś"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "moler"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "triturar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "mala"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "arai",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "அரை"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bòt",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "บด"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "wālts-"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "öğütmek"
},
{
"code": "uga",
"lang": "Ugaritic",
"roman": "ṭḥn",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "𐎉𐎈𐎐"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "molóty",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "моло́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "tovktý",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "товкти́"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "masnar"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "maxenar"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "maxnar"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "maxinar"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "sgramołare"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "xay"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "grainön"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "moure"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "broyî"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "malu"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "mealle"
},
{
"code": "mww",
"lang": "White Hmong",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "zom"
},
{
"code": "nmn",
"lang": "ǃXóõ",
"sense": "to reduce to smaller pieces",
"word": "gǂkxʻàa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to shape with the force of friction",
"word": "hioa"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to shape with the force of friction",
"word": "köszörül"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to shape with the force of friction",
"word": "csiszol"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to shape with the force of friction",
"word": "polir"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to shape with the force of friction",
"word": "brunir"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to shape with the force of friction",
"word": "bruñir"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šlifovam",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "шлифовам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "poliram",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "полирам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "polir"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yánmó",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "研磨"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "brousit"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "raspe"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "skrabe"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "schuren"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "hioa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "meuler"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "schleifen"
},
{
"alt": "とぐ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "togu",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "磨ぐ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "ruuh",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "រូស"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "oro"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "kauoro"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "kanioro"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "kuoro"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "weku"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "raspe"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "skrape"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "ścierać"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "amolar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šlifovátʹ",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "шлифова́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otšlifovátʹ",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отшлифова́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "pulir"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "bilemek"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "šlifuváty",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "шліфува́ти"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface",
"word": "mài"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to become ground, pulverized, or polished by friction",
"word": "jauhautua"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to become ground, pulverized, or polished by friction",
"word": "whakanehu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to move with much difficulty or friction",
"word": "raahautua"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to move with much difficulty or friction",
"word": "csikorog"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to move with much difficulty or friction",
"word": "döcög"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to move with much difficulty or friction",
"word": "súrlódik"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "refers specifically to the grinding of teeth",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to move with much difficulty or friction",
"word": "tetē"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "refers specifically to the grinding of teeth",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to move with much difficulty or friction",
"word": "nenē"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to slide a skateboard or snowboard across an obstacle",
"word": "grindata"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to slide a skateboard or snowboard across an obstacle",
"word": "grinden"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to oppress, hold down or weaken",
"word": "nedtrykke"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to oppress, hold down or weaken",
"word": "sortaa"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "slang: to rotate the hips erotically",
"word": "culejar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "slang: to rotate the hips erotically",
"word": "remenar el cul"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "slang: to rotate the hips erotically",
"word": "vrtět"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "slang: to rotate the hips erotically",
"word": "vrikke på hofterne"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "slang: to rotate the hips erotically",
"word": "grindata"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "slang: to rotate the hips erotically",
"word": "sculettare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "slang: to rotate the hips erotically",
"word": "ancheggiare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "slang: to rotate the hips erotically",
"word": "dimenarsi"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "slang: to rotate the hips erotically",
"word": "rebolar"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "slang: to dance in a sexually suggestive way",
"word": "schuren"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "slang: to dance in a sexually suggestive way",
"word": "grindata"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "slang: to dance in a sexually suggestive way",
"word": "sarrar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shuā",
"sense": "to repeat a task in video games",
"word": "刷"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to repeat a task in video games",
"word": "grindata"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "grindit'",
"sense": "to repeat a task in video games",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "гриндить"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to repeat a task in video games",
"word": "nöta"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to operate by turning a crank",
"word": "veivata"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank",
"word": "jauhaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank",
"word": "hinkata"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "grindata"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank",
"word": "ont"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to instill through repetitive teaching",
"word": "jauhaa"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "slang: to eat",
"word": "fråde"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "slang: to eat",
"word": "kaste i sig"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "slang: to eat",
"word": "skruudata"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to work or study hard",
"word": "puurtaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to work or study hard",
"word": "ahkeroida"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to work or study hard",
"word": "raataa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to work or study hard",
"word": "paahtaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "chiefly of studying",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to work or study hard",
"word": "grindata"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to work or study hard",
"word": "magol"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to work or study hard",
"word": "ralar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zubritʹ",
"sense": "to work or study hard",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "зубрить"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"grind"
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"categories": [
"English class 3 strong verbs",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Faroese",
"English terms derived from Faroese",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Albanian translations",
"Requests for review of Breton translations",
"Requests for review of Ewe translations",
"Requests for review of Hindi translations",
"Requests for review of Icelandic translations",
"Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Norwegian translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Rhymes:English/aɪnd",
"Rhymes:English/aɪnd/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɪnd",
"Rhymes:English/ɪnd/1 syllable",
"Terms with Aklanon translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Aromanian translations",
"Terms with Assamese translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Chechen translations",
"Terms with Cherokee translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dalmatian translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Ewe translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Friulian translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German Low German translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ilocano translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Isnag translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khiamniungan Naga translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latgalian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Mansaka translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Mòcheno translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Quechua translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Romansch translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Sardinian translations",
"Terms with Scots translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ugaritic translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Venetan translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with West Frisian translations",
"Terms with White Hmong translations",
"Terms with ǃXóõ translations",
"en:Coffee",
"en:Hunting",
"en:Musical genres",
"sv:Heraldic charges"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "daily grind"
},
{
"word": "grind joint"
},
{
"word": "grind line"
},
{
"word": "nose grind"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grynden"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grynden",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grindan"
},
"expansion": "Old English grindan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*grindan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *grindan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grindaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "gríende"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian gríende",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "grinden",
"pos": "rare",
"t": "to grind"
},
"expansion": "Dutch grinden (“to grind”, rare)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "grind",
"3": "",
"4": "to brawl, fight"
},
"expansion": "Albanian grind (“to brawl, fight”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English grynden, from Old English grindan, from Proto-West Germanic *grindan, from Proto-Germanic *grindaną.\nCognate with Saterland Frisian gríende, griene (“to grind, mill”), Dutch grinden (“to grind”, rare) and grind (“gravel, shingle”), Albanian grind (“to brawl, fight”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grinds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "grind (countable and uncountable, plural grinds)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The act of reducing to powder, or of sharpening, by friction."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Something that has been reduced to powder, something that has been ground."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This bag contains espresso grind.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans."
],
"links": [
[
"degree",
"degree"
],
[
"pulverization",
"pulverization"
],
[
"coffee bean",
"coffee bean"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This homework is a grind.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1961 February, D. Bertram, “The lines to Wetherby and their traffic”, in Trains Illustrated, page 101:",
"text": "Running again in more open agricultural country, the Harrogate line encounters a short downgrade before the stiff uphill grind to Harrogate begins.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A tedious and laborious task."
],
"links": [
[
"tedious",
"tedious"
],
[
"laborious",
"laborious"
],
[
"task",
"task"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chore"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A grinding trick on a skateboard or snowboard."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1900, “Gifford Arthur Nelson”, in The Naughty-Naughtian, page 118:",
"text": "If you are at all bright, don't be a grind. Grinding may make a second-hand genius of you (for all the real things are dead), and if you become a genius you will be sure to smoke dope or swallow laudanum. They all did it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1911, Sunset, volume 27, page 440:",
"text": "[…] I suppose I don't know much about books, compared with you—”\n“Oh, I was never much of a grind,” the other cut in hastily.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who studies hard."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, slang) One who studies hard."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "swot"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "subgenre of heavy metal",
"word": "grindcore"
}
],
"categories": [
"English clippings",
"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Musical genres"
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of grindcore (“subgenre of heavy metal”)."
],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"grindcore",
"grindcore#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, music) Clipping of grindcore (“subgenre of heavy metal”)."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I've been on the grind all week, trying to make ends meet.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2023 September 20, Lucy Ford, “How pop-music's hustle culture anthem was made redundant”, in GQ:",
"text": "Everyone has to work, they mourned, and that takes its toll. They weren't glamourising the grind because they knew their effort didn't match the supposed rewards.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hustle; hard work."
],
"links": [
[
"Hustle",
"hustle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, slang) Hustle; hard work."
],
"tags": [
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹaɪnd/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grind.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/64/En-us-grind.ogg/En-us-grind.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/En-us-grind.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪnd"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "kix",
"lang": "Khiamniungan Naga",
"sense": "grinded but not fully powdered ones",
"word": "vêi-àh"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans",
"word": "jauhatus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans",
"word": "karkeus"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Mahlung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Mahlfeinheit"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "álesma",
"sense": "a specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "άλεσμα"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "macinato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "molato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tritato"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "molienda"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a tedious task",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "karwei"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a tedious task",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schinderei"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a tedious task",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Quälerei"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a tedious task",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sfacchinata"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a tedious task",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "faticata"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "grind",
"sense": "a tedious task",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гринд"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a tedious task",
"word": "rutina"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"grind"
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"categories": [
"English class 3 strong verbs",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Faroese",
"English terms derived from Faroese",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɪnd",
"Rhymes:English/ɪnd/1 syllable",
"en:Coffee",
"en:Hunting",
"en:Musical genres",
"sv:Heraldic charges"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fo",
"3": "grind",
"4": "",
"5": "pilot-whale meat"
},
"expansion": "Faroese grind (“pilot-whale meat”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Faroese grind (“pilot-whale meat”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grinds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grind (plural grinds)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A traditional communal pilot whale hunt in the Faroe Islands."
],
"links": [
[
"pilot whale",
"pilot whale"
],
[
"Faroe Islands",
"Faroe Islands"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹɪnd/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnd"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grindadráp"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"grind"
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"categories": [
"Faroese entries with incorrect language header",
"Faroese feminine nouns",
"Faroese lemmas",
"Faroese nouns",
"Faroese terms derived from Old Norse",
"Faroese terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for pronunciation in Faroese entries",
"fo:Foods",
"sv:Heraldic charges"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "non",
"3": "grind",
"4": "",
"5": "gate"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse grind (“gate”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse grind (“gate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grindar",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindir",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fo-decl-noun-f2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindirnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindirnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindarinnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grinda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "grind f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "grindar",
"3": "grindir"
},
"expansion": "grind f (genitive singular grindar, plural grindir)",
"name": "fo-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grind"
},
"name": "fo-decl-noun-f2"
}
],
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A framework"
],
"links": [
[
"framework",
"framework"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A grille"
],
"links": [
[
"grille",
"grille"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"categories": [
"Faroese entries with incorrect language header",
"Faroese feminine nouns",
"Faroese lemmas",
"Faroese nouns",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"fo:Foods",
"sv:Heraldic charges"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "qrind"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: qrind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: qrind"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "гры́нда"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: гры́нда (hrýnda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: гры́нда (hrýnda)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "гри́нда"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: гри́нда (grínda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: гри́нда (grínda)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "grindehval",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Danish: grindehval",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Danish: grindehval"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "griend"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: griend",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: griend"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "grinda"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: grinda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: grinda"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Grindwal"
},
"expansion": "German: Grindwal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Grindwal"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: grind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: grind"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "гри́нда"
},
"expansion": "Russian: гри́нда (grínda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: гри́нда (grínda)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "grindval"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: grindval",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: grindval"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "гри́нда"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: гри́нда (hrýnda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: гри́нда (hrýnda)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: grind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: grind"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "The term is a Faroese invention. A school of pilot whales reminds of a framework (see grind above) in the sea, by swimming very close to each other. More likely the word is related to the English word ground and refers to the whales frequently running aground or easily driven onto ground. Another theory suggests it refers to grinding, scraping or rubbing, in as mating behaviour.On the etymology of Faroese Grind “school of pilot whales” The Faroese term was loaned in many other languages; compare German Grindwal, Danish grindehval or Dutch griend.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grindar",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindir",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fo-decl-noun-f2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindirnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindirnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindarinnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grinda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "grind f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "grindar",
"3": "grindir"
},
"expansion": "grind f (genitive singular grindar, plural grindir)",
"name": "fo-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grind"
},
"name": "fo-decl-noun-f2"
}
],
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A school of grindahvalur (pilot whales)"
],
"links": [
[
"school",
"school"
],
[
"grindahvalur",
"grindahvalur"
],
[
"pilot whale",
"pilot whale"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The tvøst (meat) and spik (blubber) of the pilot whales"
],
"links": [
[
"tvøst",
"tvøst"
],
[
"meat",
"meat"
],
[
"spik",
"spik"
],
[
"blubber",
"blubber"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The act of pilot whaling, grindadráp"
],
"links": [
[
"grindadráp",
"grindadráp"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An unexpected meal"
],
"links": [
[
"unexpected",
"unexpected"
],
[
"meal",
"meal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) An unexpected meal"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic feminine nouns",
"Icelandic lemmas",
"Icelandic nouns",
"Icelandic terms borrowed from Faroese",
"Icelandic terms derived from Faroese",
"Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms with redundant head parameter",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪnt",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪnt/1 syllable",
"sv:Heraldic charges"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "grind",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Norse grind",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Norse grind",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Norse grind.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grindar",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindur",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "feminine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindurnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindurnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindinni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindarinnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grinda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "@@:lattice"
},
"expansion": "grind f (genitive singular grindar, nominative plural grindur)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f,,ur",
"id": "lattice"
},
"name": "is-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"lattice, grid, grille"
],
"links": [
[
"lattice",
"lattice"
],
[
"grid",
"grid"
],
[
"grille",
"grille"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"framework"
],
"links": [
[
"framework",
"framework"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"lattice"
],
"links": [
[
"lattice",
"lattice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(order theory) lattice"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"order-theory",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɪnt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnt"
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic feminine nouns",
"Icelandic lemmas",
"Icelandic nouns",
"Icelandic terms borrowed from Faroese",
"Icelandic terms derived from Faroese",
"Icelandic terms with redundant head parameter",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪnt",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪnt/1 syllable",
"sv:Heraldic charges"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "fo",
"3": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Faroese grind",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Faroese grind.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grindar",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindur",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "feminine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindurnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindurnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindinni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindarinnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grinda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "@@:pilot whale"
},
"expansion": "grind f (genitive singular grindar, nominative plural grindur)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f,,ur",
"id": "pilot whale"
},
"name": "is-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"pilot whale"
],
"links": [
[
"pilot whale",
"pilot whale"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɪnt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "pilot whale",
"word": "grindahvalur"
},
{
"sense": "pilot whale",
"word": "marsvín"
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sv:Heraldic charges"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "beingrind"
},
{
"word": "grindgjerde"
},
{
"word": "grindhval"
},
{
"word": "grindsag"
},
{
"word": "grindstolpe"
},
{
"word": "grindverk"
},
{
"word": "grindveving"
},
{
"word": "grindåpner"
},
{
"word": "husgrind"
},
{
"word": "leikegrind"
},
{
"word": "lekegrind"
},
{
"word": "takgrind"
},
{
"word": "trappegrind"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse grind",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse grind.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grinda",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grinder",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A hinged gate across a road or path where it is intersected by a fence."
],
"links": [
[
"gate",
"gate"
],
[
"fence",
"fence"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A framework"
],
"links": [
[
"framework",
"framework"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A grille"
],
"links": [
[
"grille",
"grille"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sv:Heraldic charges"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "beingrind"
},
{
"word": "leikegrind"
},
{
"word": "takgrind"
},
{
"word": "trappegrind"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "grind",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Norse grind",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Norse grind",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Norse grind.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grinda",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grinder",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nn-noun-infl\n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Historical inflection of grind",
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "Forms in italics are currently considered non-standard. Forms in [brackets] were official",
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "but considered second-tier. Forms in (parentheses) were allowed under Midlandsnormalen. ¹Nouns were capitalised for most of the 19th century.",
"source": "inflection"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1901d": "grindarne (grindane)",
"1917b": "grinda, grindi",
"1917c": "grinder",
"1917d": "grindene",
"1938b": "grinda grindi",
"2012a": "grind",
"2012b": "grinda",
"2012c": "grinder",
"2012d": "grindene",
"Aasen1": "Grind",
"Aasen2": "Grindi",
"Aasen3": "Grindar",
"Aasen4": "Grindarna"
},
"name": "nn-noun-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Close the gate!",
"text": "Ha att grinda!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A hinged gate across a road or path where it is intersected by a fence."
],
"links": [
[
"gate",
"gate"
],
[
"fence",
"fence"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A framework"
],
"links": [
[
"framework",
"framework"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A grille"
],
"links": [
[
"grille",
"grille"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɪnd/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɪnː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɪɲː/",
"note": "with palatalization",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sv:Heraldic charges"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "en",
"3": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English grind",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English grind",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grinden",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "grindcore"
}
],
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk clippings",
"nn:Music"
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of grindcore."
],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"grindcore",
"grindcore#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) Clipping of grindcore."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"masculine",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɪnd/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɪnː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɪɲː/",
"note": "with palatalization",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse feminine consonant stem nouns",
"Old Norse feminine i-stem nouns",
"Old Norse feminine nouns",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse nouns",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰrendʰ-",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sv:Heraldic charges"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: grind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: grind"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: grind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: grind"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: grind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: grind"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: grind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: grind"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: grind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: grind"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrendʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grindiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindiz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *grindiz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grindar",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindr",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-decl-f-i",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindirnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindirnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindinni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindarinnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grinda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-decl-f-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindrnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindrnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindinni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindarinnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindrinnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grinda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "grind f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "grindar",
"3": "grindr"
},
"expansion": "grind f (genitive grindar, plural grindr)",
"name": "non-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grind",
"2": "grind",
"3": "grind"
},
"name": "non-decl-f-i"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "grindirnar",
"api": "grindir",
"asd": "grindina",
"asi": "grind",
"dpd": "grindunum",
"dpi": "grindum",
"dsd": "grindinni",
"dsi": "grind",
"g": "feminine",
"gpd": "grindanna",
"gpi": "grinda",
"gsd": "grindarinnar",
"gsi": "grindar",
"notes": "",
"npd": "grindirnar",
"npi": "grindir",
"nsd": "grindin",
"nsi": "grind",
"stem": "strong i-stem",
"title": "grind"
},
"name": "non-decl-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grind",
"2": "nsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindin",
"2": "nsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindir",
"2": "npi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindirnar",
"2": "npd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grind",
"2": "asi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindina",
"2": "asd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindir",
"2": "api"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindirnar",
"2": "apd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grind",
"2": "dsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindinni",
"2": "dsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindum",
"2": "dpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindunum",
"2": "dpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindar",
"2": "gsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindarinnar",
"2": "gsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grinda",
"2": "gpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindanna",
"2": "gpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grind",
"2": "grind",
"3": "grind",
"gsd": "grindarinnar, grindrinnar",
"gsi": "grindar, grindr"
},
"name": "non-decl-f-c"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "grindrnar",
"api": "grindr",
"asd": "grindina",
"asi": "grind",
"dpd": "grindunum",
"dpi": "grindum",
"dsd": "grindinni",
"dsi": "grind",
"g": "feminine",
"gpd": "grindanna",
"gpi": "grinda",
"gsd": "grindarinnar, grindrinnar",
"gsi": "grindar, grindr",
"notes": "",
"npd": "grindrnar",
"npi": "grindr",
"nsd": "grindin",
"nsi": "grind",
"stem": "strong consonant stem",
"title": "grind"
},
"name": "non-decl-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grind",
"2": "nsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindin",
"2": "nsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindr",
"2": "npi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindrnar",
"2": "npd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grind",
"2": "asi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindina",
"2": "asd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindr",
"2": "api"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindrnar",
"2": "apd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grind",
"2": "dsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindinni",
"2": "dsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindum",
"2": "dpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindunum",
"2": "dpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindar, grindr",
"2": "gsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindarinnar, grindrinnar",
"2": "gsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grinda",
"2": "gpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grindanna",
"2": "gpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a gate made of spars or bars"
],
"links": [
[
"gate",
"gate"
],
[
"spar",
"spar"
],
[
"bar",
"bar"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"haven, dock"
],
"links": [
[
"haven",
"haven"
],
[
"dock",
"dock"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"storehouses"
],
"links": [
[
"storehouse",
"storehouse"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish",
"Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Swedish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Swedish terms inherited from Old Swedish",
"Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"sv:Heraldic charges"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gallergrind"
},
{
"word": "grindhål"
},
{
"word": "grindslant"
},
{
"word": "grindstolpe"
},
{
"word": "grindstuga"
},
{
"word": "grindvakt"
},
{
"word": "grindval"
},
{
"word": "grindöppning"
},
{
"word": "järngrind"
},
{
"word": "spjälgrind"
},
{
"word": "spärrgrind"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmq-osw",
"3": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish grind",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse grind",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grindiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindiz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrendʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Swedish grind, from Old Norse grind, from Proto-Germanic *grindiz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "grind c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "grind c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "gate",
"word": "port"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swedish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "drive through the gate in the fence",
"text": "köra in genom grinden i staketet",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Don't forget to close the gate",
"text": "Glöm inte att stänga grinden",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the gate to the pasture",
"text": "grinden till hagen",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a (non-solid, like a grid or mesh) gate (in a fence, wall, hedge, or the like)"
],
"links": [
[
"gate",
"gate"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Swedish terms with usage examples",
"sv:Computing"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "NAND gates",
"text": "NAND-grindar",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A gate (logical pathway)"
],
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"gate",
"gate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computing) A gate (logical pathway)"
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"sv:grind"
],
"word": "grind"
}
Download raw JSONL data for grind meaning in All languages combined (88.2kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for Historical inflection of grind",
"path": [
"grind"
],
"section": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "grind",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for Forms in italics are currently considered non-standard. Forms in [brackets] were official",
"path": [
"grind"
],
"section": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "grind",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for but considered second-tier. Forms in (parentheses) were allowed under Midlandsnormalen. ¹Nouns were capitalised for most of the 19th century.",
"path": [
"grind"
],
"section": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "grind",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/328",
"msg": "TABLE not properly closed",
"path": [
"grind"
],
"section": "Swedish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "grind",
"trace": "started on line 4, detected on line 34"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"grind"
],
"section": "Swedish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "grind",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 34"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"grind"
],
"section": "Swedish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "grind",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "grind/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Egyptian-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English class 3 strong verbs\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English irregular verbs\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms borrowed from Faroese\", \"English terms derived from Faroese\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 9 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Albanian translations\", \"Requests for review of Breton translations\", \"Requests for review of Ewe translations\", \"Requests for review of Hindi translations\", \"Requests for review of Icelandic translations\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Norwegian translations\", \"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Requests for review of Spanish translations\", \"Requests for review of Swedish translations\", \"Rhymes:English/aɪnd\", \"Rhymes:English/aɪnd/1 syllable\", \"Rhymes:English/ɪnd\", \"Rhymes:English/ɪnd/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Aklanon translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Aromanian translations\", \"Terms with Assamese translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Chechen translations\", \"Terms with Cherokee translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dalmatian translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Ewe translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German Low German translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ilocano translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Ingrian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Isnag translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khiamniungan Naga translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latgalian translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Mansaka translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Mòcheno translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Sardinian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ugaritic translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with West Frisian translations\", \"Terms with White Hmong translations\", \"Terms with ǃXóõ translations\", \"en:Coffee\", \"en:Hunting\", \"en:Musical genres\", \"sv:Heraldic charges\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"axe to grind\"}, {\"word\": \"ax to grind\"}, {\"word\": \"bump and grind\"}, {\"word\": \"grind down\"}, {\"word\": \"grind out\"}, {\"word\": \"grindset\"}, {\"word\": \"grind the corn\"}, {\"word\": \"grind to a halt\"}, {\"word\": \"grind up\"}, {\"word\": \"have an axe to grind\"}, {\"word\": \"intergrind\"}, {\"word\": \"the mill cannot grind with water that is past\"}, {\"word\": \"the mills of the gods grind slowly\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"grynden\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English grynden\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"grindan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English grindan\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gmw-pro\", \"3\": \"*grindan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-West Germanic *grindan\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*grindaną\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *grindaną\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"stq\", \"2\": \"gríende\"}, \"expansion\": \"Saterland Frisian gríende\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"grinden\", \"pos\": \"rare\", \"t\": \"to grind\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch grinden (“to grind”, rare)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sq\", \"2\": \"grind\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to brawl, fight\"}, \"expansion\": \"Albanian grind (“to brawl, fight”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English grynden, from Old English grindan, from Proto-West Germanic *grindan, from Proto-Germanic *grindaną.\\nCognate with Saterland Frisian gríende, griene (“to grind, mill”), Dutch grinden (“to grind”, rare) and grind (“gravel, shingle”), Albanian grind (“to brawl, fight”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"grinds\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"grinding\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"ground\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"ground\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"grinded\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"grinded\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"no-table-tags\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"table-tags\"]}, {\"form\": \"en-conj\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"inflection-template\"]}, {\"form\": \"grind\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"infinitive\"]}, {\"form\": \"no-table-tags\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"table-tags\"]}, {\"form\": \"en-conj\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"inflection-template\"]}, {\"form\": \"grind\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"infinitive\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"grinds\", \"2\": \"grinding\", \"3\": \"ground\", \"past2\": \"grinded\"}, \"expansion\": \"grind (third-person singular simple present grinds, present participle grinding, simple past and past participle ground or grinded)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"inflection_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"old\": \"1\", \"past\": \"ground\", \"past_2sg_old2\": \"groundest\", \"past_ptc_old2\": \"grounden\"}, \"name\": \"en-conj\"}, {\"args\": {}, \"name\": \"en-conj\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To reduce to smaller pieces by crushing with lateral motion.\"], \"links\": [[\"smaller\", \"smaller\"], [\"crush\", \"crush\"], [\"lateral\", \"lateral\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To reduce to smaller pieces by crushing with lateral motion.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"grind a lens; grind an axe\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To shape with the force of friction.\"], \"links\": [[\"shape\", \"shape\"], [\"friction\", \"friction\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To shape with the force of friction.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Metalworking\"], \"glosses\": [\"To remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface.\"], \"links\": [[\"metalworking\", \"metalworking\"], [\"remove\", \"remove\"], [\"rub\", \"rub\"], [\"abrasive\", \"abrasive\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(metalworking) To remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface.\"], \"topics\": [\"arts\", \"crafts\", \"engineering\", \"hobbies\", \"lifestyle\", \"metallurgy\", \"metalworking\", \"natural-sciences\", \"physical-sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"This corn grinds well.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"Steel grinds to a sharp edge.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To become ground, pulverized, or polished by friction.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive) To become ground, pulverized, or polished by friction.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"To move with much difficulty or friction; to grate.\"], \"links\": [[\"grate\", \"grate\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"en:Sports\"], \"glosses\": [\"To slide the flat portion of a skateboard or snowboard across an obstacle such as a railing.\"], \"links\": [[\"sports\", \"sports\"], [\"slide\", \"slide\"], [\"skateboard\", \"skateboard\"], [\"snowboard\", \"snowboard\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(sports, intransitive) To slide the flat portion of a skateboard or snowboard across an obstacle such as a railing.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"], \"topics\": [\"hobbies\", \"lifestyle\", \"sports\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To oppress, hold down or weaken.\"], \"links\": [[\"oppress\", \"oppress\"], [\"hold down\", \"hold down\"], [\"weaken\", \"weaken\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To oppress, hold down or weaken.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English slang\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1984, Prince (lyrics and music), “Darling Nikki”, in Purple Rain, performed by Prince and the Revolution:\", \"text\": \"She said, \\\"How'd you like to waste some time?\\\" / And I could not resist when I saw little Nikki grind\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To rotate the hips erotically.\"], \"links\": [[\"rotate\", \"rotate\"], [\"hips\", \"hips\"], [\"erotic\", \"erotic\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(slang, intransitive) To rotate the hips erotically.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English slang\"], \"glosses\": [\"To dance in a sexually suggestive way with both partners in very close proximity, often pressed against each other.\"], \"links\": [[\"dance\", \"dance\"], [\"sexual\", \"sexual\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(slang) To dance in a sexually suggestive way with both partners in very close proximity, often pressed against each other.\"], \"tags\": [\"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English slang\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2013 February 26, Elizabeth Hoyt, Lord of Darkness: Number 5 in series, Hachette UK, →ISBN:\", \"text\": \"She wanted to grind herself against him, wanted to moan, loud and free, wanted to take his hand and make him touch her more firmly.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2016 August 16, Heather McGovern, A Moment of Bliss, Lyrical Press, →ISBN:\", \"text\": \"He ground against her until he was muttering curses, his kiss rougher than before.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2017 December 17, Becca Fanning, Shifter Royal Dynasty Vol 1 (Royal BBW Bear Shifter Secret Baby Romance Series), Gizmo Media:\", \"text\": \"She kept grinding until they were both spent: their bliss washing over them entirely.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020 April 7, Laurelin Paige, Claire Contreras, Sierra Simone, Skye Warren, Annika Martin, Need You Now, Top Shelf Romance LLC:\", \"text\": \"This morning, we woke up and made out for a solid forty-five minutes, grinding like teenagers until she came against my thigh.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To rub one's body against another's in a sexual way; to frottage.\"], \"links\": [[\"rub\", \"rub\"], [\"sexual\", \"sexual\"], [\"frottage\", \"frottage\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(slang) To rub one's body against another's in a sexual way; to frottage.\"], \"tags\": [\"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"en:Video games\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"These enemies give lots of loot when killed, so many players fight them to grind for resources.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"The first level of the game is the best place to grind extra lives.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013, Will Luton, Free-to-Play: Making Money From Games You Give Away, New Riders, →ISBN, page 38:\", \"text\": \"Similarly, nearly all massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs), such as Dungeons & Dragons Online, feature grind: Players repeat tasks, or often “quests”, to gain in-game currency to spend on weapons or other ancillary items.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2015 February 14, Steven Strom, “Evolve Review: Middle of the food chain”, in Ars Technica:\", \"text\": \"To extend the variety past that, you'll need to unlock new units in each class, meaning you have to grind through the rather lengthy process of using every one of your class’ weapons and skills significantly across several matches.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To repeat a task a large number of times in a row to achieve a specific goal.\"], \"links\": [[\"video game\", \"video game\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(video games) To repeat a task a large number of times in a row to achieve a specific goal.\"], \"topics\": [\"video-games\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to grind an organ\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To operate by turning a crank.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To operate by turning a crank.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"To produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank.\"], \"links\": [[\"mechanical\", \"mechanical\"], [\"repetitive\", \"repetitive\"], [\"crank\", \"crank\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English dated terms\", \"en:Computing\"], \"glosses\": [\"To automatically format and indent code.\"], \"links\": [[\"computing\", \"computing#Noun\"], [\"format\", \"format\"], [\"indent\", \"indent\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(computing, dated) To automatically format and indent code.\"], \"tags\": [\"dated\"], \"topics\": [\"computing\", \"engineering\", \"mathematics\", \"natural-sciences\", \"physical-sciences\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English slang\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"Hawaiian English\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Eh, brah, let's go grind.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To eat.\"], \"links\": [[\"eat\", \"eat\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(slang, Hawaii) To eat.\"], \"tags\": [\"Hawaii\", \"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Grinding lessons into students' heads does not motivate them to learn.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To instill through repetitive teaching.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English slang\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Grinding Leetcode\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1862, Frederic W. Farrar, St. Winifred's: or the World of School:\", \"text\": \"One evening, during evening work, Charlie was trying hard to do the verses which had been set to his form. […] Wilton, whose conduct had been more impertinent than that of any one else, said to Charlie—\\n“I say, young Evson, how you are grinding.”\\n“I have these verses to do,” said Charlie simply.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To work or study hard; to hustle or drudge.\"], \"links\": [[\"hustle\", \"hustle\"], [\"drudge\", \"drudge\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, slang) To work or study hard; to hustle or drudge.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English slang\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2003, Steven Wunderink, Minding Your Spiritual Business: Life Stories with Life Sense, page 139:\", \"text\": \"I need to pontificate on something that really grinds me. So here goes. I am sick and tired of lazy thinkers using the defense of “legislated morality.”\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To annoy or irritate (a person); to grind one's gears.\"], \"links\": [[\"annoy\", \"annoy\"], [\"irritate\", \"irritate\"], [\"grind one's gears\", \"grind one's gears\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, slang) To annoy or irritate (a person); to grind one's gears.\"], \"tags\": [\"slang\", \"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈɡɹaɪnd/\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-grind.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/64/En-us-grind.ogg/En-us-grind.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/En-us-grind.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-aɪnd\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"akl\", \"lang\": \"Aklanon\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"galing\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṭaḥana\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"طَحَنَ\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṭaḥan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"طحن\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"aġal\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"աղալ\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"matsin\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"chisedz\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"piha\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"পিহা\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"guri kora\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"গুৰি কৰা\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"malócʹ\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"мало́ць\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"taŭčý\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"таўчы́\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"malañ\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"melja\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"меля\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"smilam\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"смилам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"razdrobjavam\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"раздробявам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"esmicolar\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"moldre\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"picar\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"picolar\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"trinxar\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"triturar\"}, {\"code\": \"ce\", \"lang\": \"Chechen\", \"roman\": \"aḥʳa\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"ахьа\"}, {\"code\": \"chr\", \"lang\": \"Cherokee\", \"roman\": \"asdoa\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"ᎠᏍᏙᎠ\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"mósuì\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"磨碎\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"mó\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"磨\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"mlít\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"drtit\"}, {\"code\": \"dlm\", \"lang\": \"Dalmatian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"macnur\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"raspe\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"rive\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"male\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"kværne\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"malen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"vermalen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"verpulveren\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"mueli\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"jauhaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"moudre\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"piler\"}, {\"code\": \"fur\", \"lang\": \"Friulian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"masanâ\"}, {\"code\": \"fur\", \"lang\": \"Friulian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"muldurâ\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"moer\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"relar\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"dapkva\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"დაფქვა\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"mahlen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"zermahlen\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"malan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"𐌼𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"diswinþjan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"𐌳𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"alétho\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"αλέθω\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"aléō\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"ἀλέω\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"takhán\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"טחן\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"pīsnā\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"पीसना\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"őröl\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"darál\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"morzsol\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"zúz\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"porít\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"porrá tör/zúz\"}, {\"code\": \"ilo\", \"lang\": \"Ilocano\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"giling\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"jauhaa\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"jauhoa\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"meil\"}, {\"code\": \"isd\", \"lang\": \"Isnag\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"xiling\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"macinare\"}, {\"alt\": \"ひく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"hiku\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"挽く\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"sɑɑsɑngkən\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"សង្កិន\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"ppata\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"빻다\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"galda\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"갈다\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"malt\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"molō\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"malt\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"malti\"}, {\"code\": \"nds-de\", \"lang\": \"Low German\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"German-Low-German\"], \"word\": \"mahlen\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"muelen\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"mele\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"меле\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"kisar\"}, {\"code\": \"msk\", \"lang\": \"Mansaka\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"giling\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"whakanehu\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"kuoro\"}, {\"code\": \"mhn\", \"lang\": \"Mòcheno\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"moln\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"moudre\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"raspe\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"rive\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"male\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"kverne\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"mòler\"}, {\"code\": \"cu\", \"lang\": \"Church Slavic\", \"roman\": \"mlěti\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"млѣти\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"mleć\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"moer\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"triturar\"}, {\"code\": \"qu\", \"lang\": \"Quechua\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"allpayachiy\"}, {\"code\": \"qu\", \"lang\": \"Quechua\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"kutay\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"măcina\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"pisa\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"moler\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"molótʹ\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"моло́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"tolóčʹ\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"толо́чь\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"pinaṣṭi\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"पिनष्टि\"}, {\"code\": \"sc\", \"lang\": \"Sardinian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"molere\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"pran\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"meil\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"млети\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"mleti\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"mlieť\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"mleti\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"mlaś\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"moler\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"triturar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"mala\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"arai\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"அரை\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"bòt\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"บด\"}, {\"code\": \"txb\", \"lang\": \"Tocharian B\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"wālts-\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"öğütmek\"}, {\"code\": \"uga\", \"lang\": \"Ugaritic\", \"roman\": \"ṭḥn\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"𐎉𐎈𐎐\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"molóty\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"моло́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"tovktý\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"товкти́\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"masnar\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"maxenar\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"maxnar\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"maxinar\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"sgramołare\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"xay\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"grainön\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"moure\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"broyî\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"malu\"}, {\"code\": \"fy\", \"lang\": \"West Frisian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"mealle\"}, {\"code\": \"mww\", \"lang\": \"White Hmong\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"zom\"}, {\"code\": \"nmn\", \"lang\": \"ǃXóõ\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"gǂkxʻàa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to shape with the force of friction\", \"word\": \"hioa\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to shape with the force of friction\", \"word\": \"köszörül\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to shape with the force of friction\", \"word\": \"csiszol\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to shape with the force of friction\", \"word\": \"polir\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to shape with the force of friction\", \"word\": \"brunir\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to shape with the force of friction\", \"word\": \"bruñir\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"šlifovam\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"шлифовам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"poliram\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"полирам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"polir\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"yánmó\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"研磨\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"brousit\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"raspe\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"skrabe\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"schuren\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"hioa\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"meuler\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"schleifen\"}, {\"alt\": \"とぐ\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"togu\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"磨ぐ\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"ruuh\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"រូស\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"oro\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"kauoro\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"kanioro\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"kuoro\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"weku\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"raspe\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"skrape\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"ścierać\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"amolar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šlifovátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"шлифова́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"otšlifovátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"отшлифова́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"pulir\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"bilemek\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"šlifuváty\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"шліфува́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"mài\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to become ground, pulverized, or polished by friction\", \"word\": \"jauhautua\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to become ground, pulverized, or polished by friction\", \"word\": \"whakanehu\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to move with much difficulty or friction\", \"word\": \"raahautua\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to move with much difficulty or friction\", \"word\": \"csikorog\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to move with much difficulty or friction\", \"word\": \"döcög\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to move with much difficulty or friction\", \"word\": \"súrlódik\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"english\": \"refers specifically to the grinding of teeth\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to move with much difficulty or friction\", \"word\": \"tetē\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"english\": \"refers specifically to the grinding of teeth\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to move with much difficulty or friction\", \"word\": \"nenē\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to slide a skateboard or snowboard across an obstacle\", \"word\": \"grindata\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to slide a skateboard or snowboard across an obstacle\", \"word\": \"grinden\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to oppress, hold down or weaken\", \"word\": \"nedtrykke\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to oppress, hold down or weaken\", \"word\": \"sortaa\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"slang: to rotate the hips erotically\", \"word\": \"culejar\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"slang: to rotate the hips erotically\", \"word\": \"remenar el cul\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"slang: to rotate the hips erotically\", \"word\": \"vrtět\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"slang: to rotate the hips erotically\", \"word\": \"vrikke på hofterne\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"slang: to rotate the hips erotically\", \"word\": \"grindata\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"slang: to rotate the hips erotically\", \"word\": \"sculettare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"slang: to rotate the hips erotically\", \"word\": \"ancheggiare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"slang: to rotate the hips erotically\", \"word\": \"dimenarsi\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"slang: to rotate the hips erotically\", \"word\": \"rebolar\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"slang: to dance in a sexually suggestive way\", \"word\": \"schuren\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"slang: to dance in a sexually suggestive way\", \"word\": \"grindata\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"slang: to dance in a sexually suggestive way\", \"word\": \"sarrar\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"shuā\", \"sense\": \"to repeat a task in video games\", \"word\": \"刷\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to repeat a task in video games\", \"word\": \"grindata\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"grindit'\", \"sense\": \"to repeat a task in video games\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"гриндить\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to repeat a task in video games\", \"word\": \"nöta\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to operate by turning a crank\", \"word\": \"veivata\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank\", \"word\": \"jauhaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank\", \"word\": \"hinkata\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank\", \"tags\": [\"slang\"], \"word\": \"grindata\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank\", \"word\": \"ont\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to instill through repetitive teaching\", \"word\": \"jauhaa\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"slang: to eat\", \"word\": \"fråde\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"slang: to eat\", \"word\": \"kaste i sig\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"slang: to eat\", \"word\": \"skruudata\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to work or study hard\", \"word\": \"puurtaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to work or study hard\", \"word\": \"ahkeroida\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to work or study hard\", \"word\": \"raataa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to work or study hard\", \"word\": \"paahtaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"chiefly of studying\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to work or study hard\", \"word\": \"grindata\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to work or study hard\", \"word\": \"magol\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to work or study hard\", \"word\": \"ralar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zubritʹ\", \"sense\": \"to work or study hard\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"зубрить\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"grind\"], \"word\": \"grind\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "grind",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "grind/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag German-Low-German not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English class 3 strong verbs\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English irregular verbs\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms borrowed from Faroese\", \"English terms derived from Faroese\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 9 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Albanian translations\", \"Requests for review of Breton translations\", \"Requests for review of Ewe translations\", \"Requests for review of Hindi translations\", \"Requests for review of Icelandic translations\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Norwegian translations\", \"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Requests for review of Spanish translations\", \"Requests for review of Swedish translations\", \"Rhymes:English/aɪnd\", \"Rhymes:English/aɪnd/1 syllable\", \"Rhymes:English/ɪnd\", \"Rhymes:English/ɪnd/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Aklanon translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Aromanian translations\", \"Terms with Assamese translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Chechen translations\", \"Terms with Cherokee translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dalmatian translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Ewe translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German Low German translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ilocano translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Ingrian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Isnag translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khiamniungan Naga translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latgalian translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Mansaka translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Mòcheno translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Sardinian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ugaritic translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with West Frisian translations\", \"Terms with White Hmong translations\", \"Terms with ǃXóõ translations\", \"en:Coffee\", \"en:Hunting\", \"en:Musical genres\", \"sv:Heraldic charges\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"axe to grind\"}, {\"word\": \"ax to grind\"}, {\"word\": \"bump and grind\"}, {\"word\": \"grind down\"}, {\"word\": \"grind out\"}, {\"word\": \"grindset\"}, {\"word\": \"grind the corn\"}, {\"word\": \"grind to a halt\"}, {\"word\": \"grind up\"}, {\"word\": \"have an axe to grind\"}, {\"word\": \"intergrind\"}, {\"word\": \"the mill cannot grind with water that is past\"}, {\"word\": \"the mills of the gods grind slowly\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"grynden\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English grynden\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"grindan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English grindan\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gmw-pro\", \"3\": \"*grindan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-West Germanic *grindan\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*grindaną\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *grindaną\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"stq\", \"2\": \"gríende\"}, \"expansion\": \"Saterland Frisian gríende\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"grinden\", \"pos\": \"rare\", \"t\": \"to grind\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch grinden (“to grind”, rare)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sq\", \"2\": \"grind\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to brawl, fight\"}, \"expansion\": \"Albanian grind (“to brawl, fight”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English grynden, from Old English grindan, from Proto-West Germanic *grindan, from Proto-Germanic *grindaną.\\nCognate with Saterland Frisian gríende, griene (“to grind, mill”), Dutch grinden (“to grind”, rare) and grind (“gravel, shingle”), Albanian grind (“to brawl, fight”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"grinds\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"grinding\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"ground\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"ground\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"grinded\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"grinded\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"no-table-tags\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"table-tags\"]}, {\"form\": \"en-conj\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"inflection-template\"]}, {\"form\": \"grind\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"infinitive\"]}, {\"form\": \"no-table-tags\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"table-tags\"]}, {\"form\": \"en-conj\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"inflection-template\"]}, {\"form\": \"grind\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"infinitive\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"grinds\", \"2\": \"grinding\", \"3\": \"ground\", \"past2\": \"grinded\"}, \"expansion\": \"grind (third-person singular simple present grinds, present participle grinding, simple past and past participle ground or grinded)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"inflection_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"old\": \"1\", \"past\": \"ground\", \"past_2sg_old2\": \"groundest\", \"past_ptc_old2\": \"grounden\"}, \"name\": \"en-conj\"}, {\"args\": {}, \"name\": \"en-conj\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To reduce to smaller pieces by crushing with lateral motion.\"], \"links\": [[\"smaller\", \"smaller\"], [\"crush\", \"crush\"], [\"lateral\", \"lateral\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To reduce to smaller pieces by crushing with lateral motion.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"grind a lens; grind an axe\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To shape with the force of friction.\"], \"links\": [[\"shape\", \"shape\"], [\"friction\", \"friction\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To shape with the force of friction.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Metalworking\"], \"glosses\": [\"To remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface.\"], \"links\": [[\"metalworking\", \"metalworking\"], [\"remove\", \"remove\"], [\"rub\", \"rub\"], [\"abrasive\", \"abrasive\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(metalworking) To remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface.\"], \"topics\": [\"arts\", \"crafts\", \"engineering\", \"hobbies\", \"lifestyle\", \"metallurgy\", \"metalworking\", \"natural-sciences\", \"physical-sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"This corn grinds well.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"Steel grinds to a sharp edge.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To become ground, pulverized, or polished by friction.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive) To become ground, pulverized, or polished by friction.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"To move with much difficulty or friction; to grate.\"], \"links\": [[\"grate\", \"grate\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"en:Sports\"], \"glosses\": [\"To slide the flat portion of a skateboard or snowboard across an obstacle such as a railing.\"], \"links\": [[\"sports\", \"sports\"], [\"slide\", \"slide\"], [\"skateboard\", \"skateboard\"], [\"snowboard\", \"snowboard\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(sports, intransitive) To slide the flat portion of a skateboard or snowboard across an obstacle such as a railing.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"], \"topics\": [\"hobbies\", \"lifestyle\", \"sports\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To oppress, hold down or weaken.\"], \"links\": [[\"oppress\", \"oppress\"], [\"hold down\", \"hold down\"], [\"weaken\", \"weaken\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To oppress, hold down or weaken.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English slang\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1984, Prince (lyrics and music), “Darling Nikki”, in Purple Rain, performed by Prince and the Revolution:\", \"text\": \"She said, \\\"How'd you like to waste some time?\\\" / And I could not resist when I saw little Nikki grind\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To rotate the hips erotically.\"], \"links\": [[\"rotate\", \"rotate\"], [\"hips\", \"hips\"], [\"erotic\", \"erotic\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(slang, intransitive) To rotate the hips erotically.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English slang\"], \"glosses\": [\"To dance in a sexually suggestive way with both partners in very close proximity, often pressed against each other.\"], \"links\": [[\"dance\", \"dance\"], [\"sexual\", \"sexual\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(slang) To dance in a sexually suggestive way with both partners in very close proximity, often pressed against each other.\"], \"tags\": [\"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English slang\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2013 February 26, Elizabeth Hoyt, Lord of Darkness: Number 5 in series, Hachette UK, →ISBN:\", \"text\": \"She wanted to grind herself against him, wanted to moan, loud and free, wanted to take his hand and make him touch her more firmly.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2016 August 16, Heather McGovern, A Moment of Bliss, Lyrical Press, →ISBN:\", \"text\": \"He ground against her until he was muttering curses, his kiss rougher than before.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2017 December 17, Becca Fanning, Shifter Royal Dynasty Vol 1 (Royal BBW Bear Shifter Secret Baby Romance Series), Gizmo Media:\", \"text\": \"She kept grinding until they were both spent: their bliss washing over them entirely.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020 April 7, Laurelin Paige, Claire Contreras, Sierra Simone, Skye Warren, Annika Martin, Need You Now, Top Shelf Romance LLC:\", \"text\": \"This morning, we woke up and made out for a solid forty-five minutes, grinding like teenagers until she came against my thigh.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To rub one's body against another's in a sexual way; to frottage.\"], \"links\": [[\"rub\", \"rub\"], [\"sexual\", \"sexual\"], [\"frottage\", \"frottage\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(slang) To rub one's body against another's in a sexual way; to frottage.\"], \"tags\": [\"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"en:Video games\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"These enemies give lots of loot when killed, so many players fight them to grind for resources.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"The first level of the game is the best place to grind extra lives.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013, Will Luton, Free-to-Play: Making Money From Games You Give Away, New Riders, →ISBN, page 38:\", \"text\": \"Similarly, nearly all massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs), such as Dungeons & Dragons Online, feature grind: Players repeat tasks, or often “quests”, to gain in-game currency to spend on weapons or other ancillary items.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2015 February 14, Steven Strom, “Evolve Review: Middle of the food chain”, in Ars Technica:\", \"text\": \"To extend the variety past that, you'll need to unlock new units in each class, meaning you have to grind through the rather lengthy process of using every one of your class’ weapons and skills significantly across several matches.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To repeat a task a large number of times in a row to achieve a specific goal.\"], \"links\": [[\"video game\", \"video game\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(video games) To repeat a task a large number of times in a row to achieve a specific goal.\"], \"topics\": [\"video-games\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to grind an organ\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To operate by turning a crank.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To operate by turning a crank.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"To produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank.\"], \"links\": [[\"mechanical\", \"mechanical\"], [\"repetitive\", \"repetitive\"], [\"crank\", \"crank\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English dated terms\", \"en:Computing\"], \"glosses\": [\"To automatically format and indent code.\"], \"links\": [[\"computing\", \"computing#Noun\"], [\"format\", \"format\"], [\"indent\", \"indent\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(computing, dated) To automatically format and indent code.\"], \"tags\": [\"dated\"], \"topics\": [\"computing\", \"engineering\", \"mathematics\", \"natural-sciences\", \"physical-sciences\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English slang\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"Hawaiian English\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Eh, brah, let's go grind.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To eat.\"], \"links\": [[\"eat\", \"eat\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(slang, Hawaii) To eat.\"], \"tags\": [\"Hawaii\", \"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Grinding lessons into students' heads does not motivate them to learn.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To instill through repetitive teaching.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English slang\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Grinding Leetcode\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1862, Frederic W. Farrar, St. Winifred's: or the World of School:\", \"text\": \"One evening, during evening work, Charlie was trying hard to do the verses which had been set to his form. […] Wilton, whose conduct had been more impertinent than that of any one else, said to Charlie—\\n“I say, young Evson, how you are grinding.”\\n“I have these verses to do,” said Charlie simply.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To work or study hard; to hustle or drudge.\"], \"links\": [[\"hustle\", \"hustle\"], [\"drudge\", \"drudge\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, slang) To work or study hard; to hustle or drudge.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English slang\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2003, Steven Wunderink, Minding Your Spiritual Business: Life Stories with Life Sense, page 139:\", \"text\": \"I need to pontificate on something that really grinds me. So here goes. I am sick and tired of lazy thinkers using the defense of “legislated morality.”\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To annoy or irritate (a person); to grind one's gears.\"], \"links\": [[\"annoy\", \"annoy\"], [\"irritate\", \"irritate\"], [\"grind one's gears\", \"grind one's gears\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, slang) To annoy or irritate (a person); to grind one's gears.\"], \"tags\": [\"slang\", \"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈɡɹaɪnd/\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-grind.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/64/En-us-grind.ogg/En-us-grind.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/En-us-grind.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-aɪnd\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"akl\", \"lang\": \"Aklanon\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"galing\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṭaḥana\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"طَحَنَ\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṭaḥan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"طحن\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"aġal\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"աղալ\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"matsin\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"chisedz\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"piha\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"পিহা\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"guri kora\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"গুৰি কৰা\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"malócʹ\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"мало́ць\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"taŭčý\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"таўчы́\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"malañ\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"melja\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"меля\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"smilam\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"смилам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"razdrobjavam\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"раздробявам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"esmicolar\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"moldre\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"picar\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"picolar\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"trinxar\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"triturar\"}, {\"code\": \"ce\", \"lang\": \"Chechen\", \"roman\": \"aḥʳa\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"ахьа\"}, {\"code\": \"chr\", \"lang\": \"Cherokee\", \"roman\": \"asdoa\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"ᎠᏍᏙᎠ\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"mósuì\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"磨碎\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"mó\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"磨\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"mlít\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"drtit\"}, {\"code\": \"dlm\", \"lang\": \"Dalmatian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"macnur\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"raspe\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"rive\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"male\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"kværne\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"malen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"vermalen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"verpulveren\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"mueli\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"jauhaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"moudre\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"piler\"}, {\"code\": \"fur\", \"lang\": \"Friulian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"masanâ\"}, {\"code\": \"fur\", \"lang\": \"Friulian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"muldurâ\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"moer\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"relar\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"dapkva\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"დაფქვა\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"mahlen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"zermahlen\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"malan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"𐌼𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"diswinþjan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"𐌳𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"alétho\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"αλέθω\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"aléō\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"ἀλέω\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"takhán\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"טחן\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"pīsnā\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"पीसना\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"őröl\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"darál\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"morzsol\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"zúz\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"porít\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"porrá tör/zúz\"}, {\"code\": \"ilo\", \"lang\": \"Ilocano\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"giling\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"jauhaa\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"jauhoa\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"meil\"}, {\"code\": \"isd\", \"lang\": \"Isnag\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"xiling\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"macinare\"}, {\"alt\": \"ひく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"hiku\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"挽く\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"sɑɑsɑngkən\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"សង្កិន\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"ppata\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"빻다\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"galda\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"갈다\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"malt\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"molō\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"malt\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"malti\"}, {\"code\": \"nds-de\", \"lang\": \"Low German\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"German-Low-German\"], \"word\": \"mahlen\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"muelen\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"mele\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"меле\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"kisar\"}, {\"code\": \"msk\", \"lang\": \"Mansaka\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"giling\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"whakanehu\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"kuoro\"}, {\"code\": \"mhn\", \"lang\": \"Mòcheno\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"moln\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"moudre\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"raspe\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"rive\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"male\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"kverne\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"mòler\"}, {\"code\": \"cu\", \"lang\": \"Church Slavic\", \"roman\": \"mlěti\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"млѣти\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"mleć\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"moer\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"triturar\"}, {\"code\": \"qu\", \"lang\": \"Quechua\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"allpayachiy\"}, {\"code\": \"qu\", \"lang\": \"Quechua\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"kutay\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"măcina\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"pisa\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"moler\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"molótʹ\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"моло́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"tolóčʹ\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"толо́чь\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"pinaṣṭi\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"पिनष्टि\"}, {\"code\": \"sc\", \"lang\": \"Sardinian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"molere\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"pran\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"meil\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"млети\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"mleti\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"mlieť\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"mleti\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"mlaś\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"moler\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"triturar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"mala\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"arai\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"அரை\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"bòt\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"บด\"}, {\"code\": \"txb\", \"lang\": \"Tocharian B\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"wālts-\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"öğütmek\"}, {\"code\": \"uga\", \"lang\": \"Ugaritic\", \"roman\": \"ṭḥn\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"𐎉𐎈𐎐\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"molóty\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"моло́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"tovktý\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"товкти́\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"masnar\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"maxenar\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"maxnar\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"maxinar\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"sgramołare\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"xay\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"grainön\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"moure\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"broyî\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"malu\"}, {\"code\": \"fy\", \"lang\": \"West Frisian\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"mealle\"}, {\"code\": \"mww\", \"lang\": \"White Hmong\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"zom\"}, {\"code\": \"nmn\", \"lang\": \"ǃXóõ\", \"sense\": \"to reduce to smaller pieces\", \"word\": \"gǂkxʻàa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to shape with the force of friction\", \"word\": \"hioa\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to shape with the force of friction\", \"word\": \"köszörül\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to shape with the force of friction\", \"word\": \"csiszol\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to shape with the force of friction\", \"word\": \"polir\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to shape with the force of friction\", \"word\": \"brunir\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to shape with the force of friction\", \"word\": \"bruñir\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"šlifovam\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"шлифовам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"poliram\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"полирам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"polir\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"yánmó\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"研磨\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"brousit\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"raspe\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"skrabe\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"schuren\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"hioa\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"meuler\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"schleifen\"}, {\"alt\": \"とぐ\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"togu\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"磨ぐ\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"ruuh\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"រូស\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"oro\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"kauoro\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"kanioro\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"kuoro\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"weku\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"raspe\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"skrape\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"ścierać\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"amolar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šlifovátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"шлифова́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"otšlifovátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"отшлифова́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"pulir\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"bilemek\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"šlifuváty\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"шліфува́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface\", \"word\": \"mài\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to become ground, pulverized, or polished by friction\", \"word\": \"jauhautua\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to become ground, pulverized, or polished by friction\", \"word\": \"whakanehu\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to move with much difficulty or friction\", \"word\": \"raahautua\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to move with much difficulty or friction\", \"word\": \"csikorog\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to move with much difficulty or friction\", \"word\": \"döcög\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to move with much difficulty or friction\", \"word\": \"súrlódik\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"english\": \"refers specifically to the grinding of teeth\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to move with much difficulty or friction\", \"word\": \"tetē\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"english\": \"refers specifically to the grinding of teeth\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to move with much difficulty or friction\", \"word\": \"nenē\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to slide a skateboard or snowboard across an obstacle\", \"word\": \"grindata\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to slide a skateboard or snowboard across an obstacle\", \"word\": \"grinden\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to oppress, hold down or weaken\", \"word\": \"nedtrykke\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to oppress, hold down or weaken\", \"word\": \"sortaa\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"slang: to rotate the hips erotically\", \"word\": \"culejar\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"slang: to rotate the hips erotically\", \"word\": \"remenar el cul\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"slang: to rotate the hips erotically\", \"word\": \"vrtět\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"slang: to rotate the hips erotically\", \"word\": \"vrikke på hofterne\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"slang: to rotate the hips erotically\", \"word\": \"grindata\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"slang: to rotate the hips erotically\", \"word\": \"sculettare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"slang: to rotate the hips erotically\", \"word\": \"ancheggiare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"slang: to rotate the hips erotically\", \"word\": \"dimenarsi\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"slang: to rotate the hips erotically\", \"word\": \"rebolar\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"slang: to dance in a sexually suggestive way\", \"word\": \"schuren\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"slang: to dance in a sexually suggestive way\", \"word\": \"grindata\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"slang: to dance in a sexually suggestive way\", \"word\": \"sarrar\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"shuā\", \"sense\": \"to repeat a task in video games\", \"word\": \"刷\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to repeat a task in video games\", \"word\": \"grindata\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"grindit'\", \"sense\": \"to repeat a task in video games\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"гриндить\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to repeat a task in video games\", \"word\": \"nöta\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to operate by turning a crank\", \"word\": \"veivata\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank\", \"word\": \"jauhaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank\", \"word\": \"hinkata\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank\", \"tags\": [\"slang\"], \"word\": \"grindata\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank\", \"word\": \"ont\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to instill through repetitive teaching\", \"word\": \"jauhaa\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"slang: to eat\", \"word\": \"fråde\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"slang: to eat\", \"word\": \"kaste i sig\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"slang: to eat\", \"word\": \"skruudata\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to work or study hard\", \"word\": \"puurtaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to work or study hard\", \"word\": \"ahkeroida\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to work or study hard\", \"word\": \"raataa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to work or study hard\", \"word\": \"paahtaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"chiefly of studying\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to work or study hard\", \"word\": \"grindata\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to work or study hard\", \"word\": \"magol\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to work or study hard\", \"word\": \"ralar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zubritʹ\", \"sense\": \"to work or study hard\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"зубрить\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"grind\"], \"word\": \"grind\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "grind",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.