See grind in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "grint"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "grint"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch grint",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*grinda"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *grinda",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grindō",
"t": "sand, pebbles"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindō (“sand, pebbles”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch grint, grinde, from Old Dutch *grinda, from Proto-Germanic *grindō (“sand, pebbles”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grinde",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"form": "grinte",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"form": "grint",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "grind n (uncountable, no diminutive)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"grind"
]
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Geology",
"orig": "nl:Geology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "grindbed"
},
{
"word": "grindbeton"
},
{
"word": "grinden"
},
{
"word": "grindig"
},
{
"word": "grindpad"
},
{
"word": "grindweg"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gravel, pebbles, shingle"
],
"id": "en-grind-nl-noun-15ONnrEr",
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"gravel",
"gravel"
],
[
"pebble",
"pebble"
],
[
"shingle",
"shingle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) gravel, pebbles, shingle"
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"no-diminutive",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣrɪnt/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-grind.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Nl-grind.ogg/Nl-grind.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Nl-grind.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnt"
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Germanic, perhaps from the above root as a crusty rash.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grinde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "grind n (uncountable, no diminutive)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"grind"
]
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Pathology",
"orig": "nl:Pathology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "grindig"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the diseases scabies (human), mange (canine)"
],
"id": "en-grind-nl-noun-J1dKVNoE",
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"scabies",
"scabies"
],
[
"mange",
"mange"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, pathology) the diseases scabies (human), mange (canine)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "schurft"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"neuter",
"no-diminutive",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣrɪnt/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-grind.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Nl-grind.ogg/Nl-grind.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Nl-grind.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnt"
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch neuter nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch terms derived from Germanic languages",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪnt",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪnt/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "grindbed"
},
{
"word": "grindbeton"
},
{
"word": "grinden"
},
{
"word": "grindig"
},
{
"word": "grindpad"
},
{
"word": "grindweg"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "grint"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "grint"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch grint",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*grinda"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *grinda",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grindō",
"t": "sand, pebbles"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindō (“sand, pebbles”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch grint, grinde, from Old Dutch *grinda, from Proto-Germanic *grindō (“sand, pebbles”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grinde",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"form": "grinte",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"form": "grint",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "grind n (uncountable, no diminutive)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"grind"
]
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"nl:Geology"
],
"glosses": [
"gravel, pebbles, shingle"
],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"gravel",
"gravel"
],
[
"pebble",
"pebble"
],
[
"shingle",
"shingle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) gravel, pebbles, shingle"
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"no-diminutive",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣrɪnt/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-grind.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Nl-grind.ogg/Nl-grind.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Nl-grind.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnt"
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch neuter nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch terms derived from Germanic languages",
"Dutch uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪnt",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪnt/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "grindig"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Germanic, perhaps from the above root as a crusty rash.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grinde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "grind n (uncountable, no diminutive)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"grind"
]
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with archaic senses",
"nl:Pathology"
],
"glosses": [
"the diseases scabies (human), mange (canine)"
],
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"scabies",
"scabies"
],
[
"mange",
"mange"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, pathology) the diseases scabies (human), mange (canine)"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"neuter",
"no-diminutive",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣrɪnt/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-grind.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Nl-grind.ogg/Nl-grind.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Nl-grind.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "schurft"
}
],
"word": "grind"
}
Download raw JSONL data for grind meaning in Dutch (3.8kB)
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"grind",
"Template:der",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:derived()"
],
"section": "Dutch",
"subsection": "",
"title": "grind",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 470267702<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Fri, 30 Jan 2026 11:32:58 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"grind",
"Template:der",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:derived()"
],
"section": "Dutch",
"subsection": "",
"title": "grind",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 486313097<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Fri, 30 Jan 2026 11:33:53 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.