See grinden on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for grinden meaning in All languages combined (9.0kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "grinden"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch grinden",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*grindan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *grindan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*grindan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *grindan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grindaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch grinden, from Old Dutch *grindan, from Proto-West Germanic *grindan, from Proto-Germanic *grindaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grinde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindend",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gegrind",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grinden",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grind"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 21 33 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch terms suffixed with -en (denominative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to grind"
],
"id": "en-grinden-nl-verb-Z7eRVPPd",
"links": [
[
"grind",
"grind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, rare) to grind"
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 21 33 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch terms suffixed with -en (denominative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to gnash the teeth"
],
"id": "en-grinden-nl-verb-b7VMv5~u",
"links": [
[
"gnash",
"gnash"
],
[
"teeth",
"teeth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, rare) to gnash the teeth"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 21 33 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch terms suffixed with -en (denominative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to grin"
],
"id": "en-grinden-nl-verb-tlDruB~R",
"links": [
[
"grin",
"grin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, rare) to grin"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣrɪndə(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪndən"
}
],
"word": "grinden"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "grind",
"3": "en",
"id2": "denominative",
"t1": "gravel"
},
"expansion": "grind (“gravel”) + -en",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From grind (“gravel”) + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grinde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindend",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gegrind",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grinden",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grind"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 19 27 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 21 33 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch terms suffixed with -en (denominative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to cover with gravel"
],
"id": "en-grinden-nl-verb-RLPJOQXh",
"links": [
[
"cover",
"cover"
],
[
"gravel",
"gravel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to cover with gravel"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣrɪndə(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪndən"
}
],
"word": "grinden"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "grinden m or f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "grind"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite masculine singular of grind"
],
"id": "en-grinden-nb-noun-c1XqauDe",
"links": [
[
"grind",
"grind#Norwegian Bokmål"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grinda"
}
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "grinden"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "grinden",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "grind"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite singular of grind"
],
"id": "en-grinden-sv-noun-IkvnFJBu",
"links": [
[
"grind",
"grind#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "grinden"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch basic verbs",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms suffixed with -en (denominative)",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch verbs",
"Dutch weak verbs",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪndən",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪndən/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "grinden"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch grinden",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*grindan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *grindan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*grindan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *grindan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grindaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch grinden, from Old Dutch *grindan, from Proto-West Germanic *grindan, from Proto-Germanic *grindaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grinde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindend",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gegrind",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grinden",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grind"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with rare senses",
"Dutch transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to grind"
],
"links": [
[
"grind",
"grind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, rare) to grind"
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch intransitive verbs",
"Dutch terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to gnash the teeth"
],
"links": [
[
"gnash",
"gnash"
],
[
"teeth",
"teeth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, rare) to gnash the teeth"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch intransitive verbs",
"Dutch terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to grin"
],
"links": [
[
"grin",
"grin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, rare) to grin"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣrɪndə(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪndən"
}
],
"word": "grinden"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch basic verbs",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch terms suffixed with -en (denominative)",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch verbs",
"Dutch weak verbs",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪndən",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪndən/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "grind",
"3": "en",
"id2": "denominative",
"t1": "gravel"
},
"expansion": "grind (“gravel”) + -en",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From grind (“gravel”) + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grinde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindend",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gegrind",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grinden",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grind"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to cover with gravel"
],
"links": [
[
"cover",
"cover"
],
[
"gravel",
"gravel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to cover with gravel"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣrɪndə(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪndən"
}
],
"word": "grinden"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "grinden m or f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms",
"Norwegian Bokmål noun forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "grind"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite masculine singular of grind"
],
"links": [
[
"grind",
"grind#Norwegian Bokmål"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grinda"
}
],
"word": "grinden"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "grinden",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish non-lemma forms",
"Swedish noun forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "grind"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite singular of grind"
],
"links": [
[
"grind",
"grind#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "grinden"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.