See Grind on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for Grind meaning in All languages combined (8.4kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "grindig"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "grint"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German grint",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "grint"
},
"expansion": "Old High German grint",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*grind"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *grind",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grindą",
"t": "grounds, ground material"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindą (“grounds, ground material”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrendʰ-",
"t": "to crush"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to crush”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "grint",
"t": "gravel"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian grint (“gravel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "grind",
"t": "gravel; shingle"
},
"expansion": "Dutch grind (“gravel; shingle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "grinden",
"t": "to grind, rub, crush"
},
"expansion": "Dutch grinden (“to grind, rub, crush”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grind"
},
"expansion": "English grind",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kopfgrind"
},
"expansion": "Kopfgrind",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German grint, from Old High German grint, from Proto-West Germanic *grind, from Proto-Germanic *grindą (“grounds, ground material”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to crush”).\nCognate with West Frisian grint (“gravel”), Dutch grind (“gravel; shingle”), obsolete Dutch grinden (“to grind, rub, crush”). More at English grind. The sense for head developed metonymically as a clipping of Kopfgrind.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Grindes",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Grinds",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Grinde",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Grinde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Grindes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Grinds",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Grinde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Grinde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Grinden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Grinde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m,(e)s"
},
"expansion": "Grind m (strong, genitive Grindes or Grinds, plural Grinde)",
"name": "de-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m,(e)s"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Regional German",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"scab (on a wound)"
],
"id": "en-Grind-de-noun-CJaV59VA",
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
],
[
"scab",
"scab"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional) scab (on a wound)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Schorf"
},
{
"word": "Wundschorf"
},
{
"word": "Kruste"
},
{
"word": "Wundkruste"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"regional",
"strong"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Regional German",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 46 16 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"various kinds of scab-like skin disesases or conditions, such as scabies, scurf, dandruff"
],
"id": "en-Grind-de-noun-2-S5dNby",
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
],
[
"scabies",
"scabies"
],
[
"scurf",
"scurf"
],
[
"dandruff",
"dandruff"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional) various kinds of scab-like skin disesases or conditions, such as scabies, scurf, dandruff"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Schorf"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"regional",
"strong"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Switzerland German",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"id": "en-Grind-de-noun-ny5tM6Nx",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Switzerland, informal) head"
],
"tags": [
"Switzerland",
"informal",
"masculine",
"strong"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Hunting",
"orig": "de:Hunting",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"animal head"
],
"id": "en-Grind-de-noun-n7S9AARJ",
"links": [
[
"hunting",
"hunting#Noun"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hunting) animal head"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"strong"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"hunting",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡʁɪnt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnt"
},
{
"audio": "De-Grind.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/De-Grind.ogg/De-Grind.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/De-Grind.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "Grind"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrx",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "Grind",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hunsrik entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "Grund"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of Grund"
],
"id": "en-Grind-hrx-noun-I151BpmS",
"links": [
[
"Grund",
"Grund#Hunsrik"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "Grind"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "grind",
"t": "sandbank"
},
"expansion": "grind (“sandbank”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "gem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "grind",
"t": "sand, gravel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch grind (“sand, gravel”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From grind (“sandbank”), perhaps of Germanic origin. Compare Dutch grind (“sand, gravel”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "proper noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "Grind m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "Grind m",
"name": "ro-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "ro",
"name": "Places in Hunedoara County, Romania",
"orig": "ro:Places in Hunedoara County, Romania",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "ro",
"name": "Places in Romania",
"orig": "ro:Places in Romania",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "ro",
"name": "Villages in Hunedoara County, Romania",
"orig": "ro:Villages in Hunedoara County, Romania",
"parents": [
"Villages",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "ro",
"name": "Villages in Romania",
"orig": "ro:Villages in Romania",
"parents": [
"Villages",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A village in Lăpugiu de Jos, Hunedoara, Romania"
],
"id": "en-Grind-ro-name-hq4Mm0-9",
"links": [
[
"Lăpugiu de Jos",
"Lăpugiu de Jos#English"
],
[
"Hunedoara",
"Hunedoara#English"
],
[
"Romania",
"Romania#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-KlaudiuMihaila-Grind.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6b/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-KlaudiuMihaila-Grind.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-KlaudiuMihaila-Grind.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6b/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-KlaudiuMihaila-Grind.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-KlaudiuMihaila-Grind.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "Grind"
}
{
"categories": [
"German 1-syllable words",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German masculine nouns",
"German nouns",
"German terms derived from Middle High German",
"German terms derived from Old High German",
"German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"German terms inherited from Middle High German",
"German terms inherited from Old High German",
"German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"German terms with IPA pronunciation",
"German terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:German/ɪnt",
"Rhymes:German/ɪnt/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "grindig"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "grint"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German grint",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "grint"
},
"expansion": "Old High German grint",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*grind"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *grind",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grindą",
"t": "grounds, ground material"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindą (“grounds, ground material”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrendʰ-",
"t": "to crush"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to crush”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "grint",
"t": "gravel"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian grint (“gravel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "grind",
"t": "gravel; shingle"
},
"expansion": "Dutch grind (“gravel; shingle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "grinden",
"t": "to grind, rub, crush"
},
"expansion": "Dutch grinden (“to grind, rub, crush”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grind"
},
"expansion": "English grind",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kopfgrind"
},
"expansion": "Kopfgrind",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German grint, from Old High German grint, from Proto-West Germanic *grind, from Proto-Germanic *grindą (“grounds, ground material”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to crush”).\nCognate with West Frisian grint (“gravel”), Dutch grind (“gravel; shingle”), obsolete Dutch grinden (“to grind, rub, crush”). More at English grind. The sense for head developed metonymically as a clipping of Kopfgrind.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Grindes",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Grinds",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Grinde",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Grinde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Grindes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Grinds",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Grinde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Grinde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Grinden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Grind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Grinde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m,(e)s"
},
"expansion": "Grind m (strong, genitive Grindes or Grinds, plural Grinde)",
"name": "de-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m,(e)s"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Regional German"
],
"glosses": [
"scab (on a wound)"
],
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
],
[
"scab",
"scab"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional) scab (on a wound)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Schorf"
},
{
"word": "Wundschorf"
},
{
"word": "Kruste"
},
{
"word": "Wundkruste"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"regional",
"strong"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Regional German"
],
"glosses": [
"various kinds of scab-like skin disesases or conditions, such as scabies, scurf, dandruff"
],
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
],
[
"scabies",
"scabies"
],
[
"scurf",
"scurf"
],
[
"dandruff",
"dandruff"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional) various kinds of scab-like skin disesases or conditions, such as scabies, scurf, dandruff"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Schorf"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"regional",
"strong"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German informal terms",
"Switzerland German"
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Switzerland, informal) head"
],
"tags": [
"Switzerland",
"informal",
"masculine",
"strong"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"de:Hunting"
],
"glosses": [
"animal head"
],
"links": [
[
"hunting",
"hunting#Noun"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hunting) animal head"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"strong"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"hunting",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡʁɪnt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnt"
},
{
"audio": "De-Grind.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/De-Grind.ogg/De-Grind.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/De-Grind.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "Grind"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrx",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "Grind",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Hunsrik entries with incorrect language header",
"Hunsrik non-lemma forms",
"Hunsrik noun forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "Grund"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of Grund"
],
"links": [
[
"Grund",
"Grund#Hunsrik"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "Grind"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "grind",
"t": "sandbank"
},
"expansion": "grind (“sandbank”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "gem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "grind",
"t": "sand, gravel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch grind (“sand, gravel”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From grind (“sandbank”), perhaps of Germanic origin. Compare Dutch grind (“sand, gravel”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "proper noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "Grind m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "Grind m",
"name": "ro-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian masculine nouns",
"Romanian proper nouns",
"Romanian terms derived from Germanic languages",
"Romanian terms with audio links",
"ro:Places in Hunedoara County, Romania",
"ro:Places in Romania",
"ro:Villages in Hunedoara County, Romania",
"ro:Villages in Romania"
],
"glosses": [
"A village in Lăpugiu de Jos, Hunedoara, Romania"
],
"links": [
[
"Lăpugiu de Jos",
"Lăpugiu de Jos#English"
],
[
"Hunedoara",
"Hunedoara#English"
],
[
"Romania",
"Romania#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-KlaudiuMihaila-Grind.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6b/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-KlaudiuMihaila-Grind.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-KlaudiuMihaila-Grind.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6b/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-KlaudiuMihaila-Grind.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-KlaudiuMihaila-Grind.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "Grind"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.