See grandfather on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for grandfather meaning in All languages combined (79.6kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"with regard to gender"
],
"word": "grandmother"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"with regard to ancestry"
],
"word": "grandchild"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"with regard to ancestry"
],
"word": "granddaughter"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"with regard to ancestry"
],
"word": "grandson"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "co-grandfather"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "co-grandfather-in-law"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "GILF"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grandfather chair"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grandfather clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grandfather clock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grandfatherhood"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grandfather-in-law"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grandfatherless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grandfatherly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grandfather paradox"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grandfather rights"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grandfather shirt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "great-grandfather"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "great-great-grandfather"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "great great great grandfather"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "stepgrandfather"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grandfadre"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grandfadre",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "graundfadir"
},
"expansion": "graundfadir",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "graunfadir"
},
"expansion": "graunfadir",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "grauntfader"
},
"expansion": "grauntfader",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "graunt",
"3": "",
"4": "big, large; great, important"
},
"expansion": "graunt (“big, large; great, important”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fader",
"3": "fā̆der",
"4": "male parent, father; remoter male ancestor"
},
"expansion": "fā̆der (“male parent, father; remoter male ancestor”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "grandpere"
},
"expansion": "Middle French grandpere",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "grant pere",
"3": "",
"4": "male parent; remoter male ancestor"
},
"expansion": "grant pere (“male parent; remoter male ancestor”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "grand-père"
},
"expansion": "French grand-père",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grand",
"3": "father"
},
"expansion": "grand- + father",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "eldfather"
},
"expansion": "eldfather",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "elderfather"
},
"expansion": "elderfather",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English grandfadre, graundfadir, graunfadir, grauntfader, and other forms, from graunt (“big, large; great, important”) + fā̆der (“male parent, father; remoter male ancestor”), probably modelled after Middle French grandpere, grant pere (“male parent; remoter male ancestor”) (whence French grand-père); the English word is analysable as grand- + father. Superseded earlier eldfather, elderfather.\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grandfathers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grandfather (plural grandfathers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grandparent"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"word": "relative"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"grand‧fa‧ther"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"word": "old man"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "with regard to gender",
"word": "grandmother"
},
{
"english": "with regard to ancestry",
"word": "grandson"
},
{
"word": "grandmother"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 36 37 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 26 25 2 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 16 32 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with grand-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 37 21 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using discouraged character sequences",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1662, [Edmund] Plowden, “Entry”, in H. B., transl., Plovvdens Quæries: Or, A Moot-book of Choice Cases, Useful for the Young Students of the Common Law: Englished, Methodized, and Enlarged, London: Printed for Ch. Adams, J. Starkey, and Tho[mas] Basset, […], →OCLC, page 117",
"text": "Grandfather, Father, and Son. The Father diſſeiſeth the Grandfather and dies, the Son endows the Mother, the Grandfather dies, the Son may enter upon the Mother; for he hath a new Right deſcended to him from the Grandfather, for the Grandfather might have entred upon the Mother, ſo ſhall his Heir.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1790 October, “An Historical Developement of the Political Constitution of the Germanic Empire. By J[ohann] S[tephan] Pütter, Privy Counsellor of Justice, &c. Translated from the German, by Josiah Dornford, of Lincoln’s Inn, L.L.D. Vol. II.”, in The Literary Magazine and British Review, volume V, London: Printed for the proprietors and sold by C[hristopher] Forster […], →OCLC, page 290, column 2",
"text": "One circumſtance […] peculiar to the Germanic empire, is the diſtinction between its mediate and immediate members. In the ſame manner as two objects which we may ſuppose to have relation to each other, are immediately related, when there is no third object intervening, but otherwiſe only mediate. This may be illuſtrated by the example of the connexion between a grandfather and his children, who may be ſaid to be mediately related; while the relation between the parents and children, on the contrary, is immediate; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1876, Henry C[lay] Work (lyrics and music), “Grandfather’s Clock. Song and Chorus”, New York, N.Y.: Published by C. M. Cady, […], →OCLC, page 34",
"text": "My grandfather’s clock was too large for the shelf.— / So it stood ninety years on the floor; / It was taller by half than the old man himself, / Though it weighed not a pennyweight more. / It was bought on the morn of the day that he was born, / And was always his treasure and pride; / But it stopp’d short—never to go again— / When the old man died.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1965 March 25, Richard Willstätter, “My Ancestors”, in Lilli S[chwenk] Hornig, transl., edited by Arthur Stoll, From My Life: The Memoirs of Richard Willstätter: Translated from the German Edition, New York, N.Y., Amsterdam: W. A. Benjamin, →OCLC, page 10",
"text": "Grandfather was friendly, formal, and strict with the children in his large family, and quite displeased with the lively goings-on of the grandchildren. […] He only joked with me once, when I was four, and never again. Our festive Sunday dinner was crowned by a pudding. Perhaps I looked too greedy—Grandfather threatened to throw the pudding out of the window. It is reported that I answered, \"Then I'll jump out of the window and gobble it up all by myself.\"",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Jo-Pei Tan, Ann Buchanan, “Links between Grandfather Involvement and Adolescent Well-being in England and Wales”, in Ann Buchanan, Anna Rotkirch, editors, Grandfathers: Global Perspectives (Palgrave Macmillan Studies in Family and Intimate Life), London: Palgrave Macmillan, →DOI, part IV (Impact on Grandfathers), page 233",
"text": "Both paternal and maternal grandfathers were highly involved in various facets of adolescents' lives, with maternal grandfathers providing more support in general[…]. It was found that, on average, maternal grandfathers were more involved with adolescent grandchildren than paternal grandfathers. Adolescents also felt closer to maternal grandfathers compared to paternal grandfathers. This may be explained by the more regular contact and closer geographical distance between these grandfathers and adolescents.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A father of someone's parent."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "81 8 11",
"sense": "father of someone's father",
"word": "paternal grandfather"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 10",
"sense": "father of someone's mother",
"word": "maternal grandfather"
}
],
"id": "en-grandfather-en-noun-yuf4rrg5",
"links": [
[
"father",
"father#Noun"
],
[
"parent",
"parent#Noun"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grandfather"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 36 37 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 26 25 2 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 16 32 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with grand-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 37 21 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using discouraged character sequences",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 77 6 0 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Male family members",
"orig": "en:Male family members",
"parents": [
"Family members",
"Male people",
"Family",
"Male",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1758 November 25, [Israel Daniel Rupp], “[No. XI.] Post’s Second Journal, 1758. The Second Journal of Christian Frederick Post, on a Message from the Governor of Pennsylvania, to the Indians of the Ohio, in the Latter Part of the Same Year.”, in Early History of Western Pennsylvania, and of the West, […], Pittsburgh, Pa.: Published by A. P. Ingram, […]; Harrisburg, Pa.: Published by W. O. Hickok, published 1848, →OCLC, page 111",
"text": "Brethren: Here is the pipe which your grandfathers used to smoke with when they met together in councils of peace. And here is some of that good tobacco, prepared for our grandfathers from God:—When you shall taste of it, you shall feel it through all your body; and it will put you in remembrance of the good councils your grandfathers used to hold with the English, your brethren, and that ancient friendship they had together.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A male forefather."
],
"id": "en-grandfather-en-noun-ix3sSit2",
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"forefather",
"forefather"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) A male forefather."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "highfather"
},
{
"word": "grandsire"
}
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "pordada",
"sense": "male forefather",
"word": "পরদাদা"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "forfader"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "voorvader"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aïeul"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "devanceiro"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "pappoús",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "παππούς"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "páppos",
"sense": "male forefather",
"word": "πάππος"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "taa",
"sense": "male forefather",
"word": "តា"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "ayyeakao",
"sense": "male forefather",
"word": "អយ្យកោ"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"roman": "dědŭ",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дѣдъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avoengo"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "străbunic"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strămoș"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "străbun"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuelo"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "male forefather",
"word": "babu"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "förfader"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "tpi",
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"sense": "male forefather",
"word": "tumbuna"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Computing",
"orig": "en:Computing",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "25 36 37 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 26 25 2 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 16 32 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with grand-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 37 21 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using discouraged character sequences",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1983, Computerworld, volume 17, number 50, page 22",
"text": "File C is the grandfather because it was used to create file B.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2004, Ray Bradley, The Ultimate Computing Glossary for Advanced Level, page 31",
"text": "Three generations of file are usually kept, being the grandfather, father and son files.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, O. Ray Whittington, Patrick R. Delaney, Wiley CPA Exam Review 2008: Auditing and Attestation, page 556",
"text": "The file from which the father was developed with the transaction files of the appropriate day is the grandfather.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The archived older version of a file that immediately preceded the father file."
],
"id": "en-grandfather-en-noun-q72AZLWn",
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"archive",
"archive"
],
[
"version",
"version"
],
[
"file",
"file"
],
[
"father",
"father"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computing) The archived older version of a file that immediately preceded the father file."
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ab",
"lang": "Abkhaz",
"roman": "abdu",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "абду"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ace",
"lang": "Acehnese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "syik"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ace",
"lang": "Acehnese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "nek"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ady",
"lang": "Adyghe",
"roman": "pŝaŝɛ",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "пшъашъэ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "oupa"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ain",
"lang": "Ainu",
"roman": "ekashi",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "エカㇱヒ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "akk",
"lang": "Akkadian",
"roman": "/ab abi/",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "𒀀𒁉 𒀀𒁉"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "gjysh"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "babagjysh"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tatëmadh"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ale",
"lang": "Aleut",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "latux"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "abs",
"lang": "Ambonese Malay",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "opa"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "am",
"lang": "Amharic",
"roman": "ʾäyat",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "አያት"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jadd",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "جَدّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "gidd",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "جد"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "sīd",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "سِيد"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jadd",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "جَدّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jadd",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic"
],
"word": "جد"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bā sīd",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic"
],
"word": "با سيد"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ajp",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jidd",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"South-Levantine-Arabic"
],
"word": "جد"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ajp",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "sīd",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"South-Levantine-Arabic"
],
"word": "سيد"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "agüelo"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "sāḇā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ܣܵܒ݂ܵܐ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "syc",
"lang": "Aramaic",
"roman": "sāḇā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Classical-Syriac",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ܣܒܐ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "syc",
"lang": "Aramaic",
"roman": "qaššīšā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Classical-Syriac",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ܩܫܝܫܐ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pap",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "պապ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "papik",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "պապիկ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hav",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "հավ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ghiush"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tot"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pap"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "koka",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ককা"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "güelu"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "av",
"lang": "Avar",
"roman": "kʼudada",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "кӏудада"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "av",
"lang": "Avar",
"roman": "daḥʳadada",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "дахӏадада"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "baba"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "olatay",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "олатай"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "qartatay",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ҡартатай"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "aitona"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "aitatxi"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "dzjed",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дзед"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "dzjadúlja",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дзяду́ля"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "ṭhakurda",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ঠাকুরদা দাদু"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "bn",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "dada",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "দাদা"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "bn",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "nana",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "নানা"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "bcl",
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "lolo"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tad-kozh"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "djádo",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дя́до"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "a.bhui:",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "အဘိုး"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "bhui:bhui:",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "ဘိုးဘိုး"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avi"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "dtp",
"lang": "Central Dusun",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "taki"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "csm",
"lang": "Central Sierra Miwok",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "páˑpa-"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ccc",
"lang": "Chamicuro",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "lokoko"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "chr",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "ududu",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ᎤᏚᏚ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "chr",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "unisi",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ᎤᏂᏏ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ny",
"lang": "Chichewa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "gogo"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "爺爺"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"alt": "je⁴ je⁴⁻²",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "paternal",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "爷爷"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"alt": "gung¹ gung¹, gung¹⁻⁴ gung¹",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "maternal",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "公公"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "yue",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "zou² fu⁶",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "祖父"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "yue",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "ngoi⁶ zou² fu⁶",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "外祖父"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "yue",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "ngoi⁶ gung¹",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "外公"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "hak",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Hakka Chinese",
"roman": "â-kûng",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "阿公"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "hak",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Hakka Chinese",
"roman": "chiá-kûng",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "姐公"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "hak",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Hakka Chinese",
"roman": "ngoi-â-kûng",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "外阿公"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "阿公"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "án-kong",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "俺公"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "guā-kong",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "外公"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "hóe-hu-kong, hé-hu-kong",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "火烌公"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "內公"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "lāi-kong",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"indirect"
],
"word": "内公"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "爺爺"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "cmn",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yéye",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "爷爷"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "cmn",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zǔfù",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "祖父"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "cmn",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wàizǔfù",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "外祖父"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "cmn",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wàigōng",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "外公"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "chn",
"lang": "Chinook Jargon",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "chitsh"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ckt",
"lang": "Chukchi",
"roman": "apajṇyn",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "апайӈын"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "cv",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Chuvash",
"roman": "as̬atte",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "асатте"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "cv",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Chuvash",
"roman": "kuk̬aś̬i",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "кукаҫи"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "co",
"lang": "Corsican",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "babbone"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "qartbaba"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "děda"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "děd"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "bedstefar"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "bedstefader"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grootvader"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "opa"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"masculine"
],
"word": "bompa"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "avo"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "vanaisa"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ee",
"lang": "Ewe",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "tɔgbui"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ext",
"lang": "Extremaduran",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "abuelu"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "abbi"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avi"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "isoisä"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "see also",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "isoisä"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grand-père"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aïeul"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nono"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "von"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avó"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ṗaṗa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "პაპა"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "babua",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ბაბუა"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Großvater"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "de",
"english": "Switzerland and Liechtenstein",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Grossvater"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Opa"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Opi"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "de",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Großvater väterlicherseits"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "de",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Großvater mütterlicherseits"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "gsw",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Alemannic-German"
],
"word": "Äni"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "pappoús",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "παππούς"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "páppos",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "πάππος"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "páppos",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "πάππος"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "aataq"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "aataa"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "gn",
"lang": "Guaraní",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "taita guasu"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ha",
"lang": "Hausa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "kaka"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "kupuna kāne"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "sav",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "סָב"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "sába",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "סַבָּא"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dādā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "दादा"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "hi",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "nānā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "नाना"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "nagyapa"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "afi"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "avulo"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ig",
"lang": "Igbo",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "nnanna"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "kakek"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "engkong"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "äijä"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "inh",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Ingush",
"roman": "dä-da",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "даь-да"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "inh",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Ingush",
"roman": "nän-da",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "наьн-да"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "avo"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "granpatre"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "seanathair"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "athair críonna"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sga",
"lang": "Old Irish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "senathair"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ist",
"lang": "Istriot",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nono"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nonno"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"alt": "おじいさん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ojiisan",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "お爺さん"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"alt": "そふ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"note": "only about one's own",
"roman": "sofu",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "祖父"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"alt": "がいそふ",
"code": "ja",
"english": "maternal, only about one's own",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gaisofu",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "外祖父"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "jv",
"lang": "Javanese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "mbah"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "jv",
"lang": "Javanese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "eyang"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "jje",
"lang": "Jeju",
"roman": "hareubang",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "하르방"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ks",
"lang": "Kashmiri",
"roman": "buḍ' bab",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "بُڈؠ بَب"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "ata",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ата"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "baba",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "баба"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "taa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "តា"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "ayyeakao",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "អយ្យកោ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "cii taa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ជីតា"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "naq",
"lang": "Khoekhoe",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ǁgaosab"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "harabeoji",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "할아버지"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ko",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chinharabeoji",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "친할아버지"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ko",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "oeharabeoji",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "외할아버지"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "kri",
"lang": "Krio",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "grandpa"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "jct",
"lang": "Krymchak",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "baba"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "kum",
"lang": "Kumyk",
"roman": "baba",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "баба"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "bapîr",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "باپیر"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bapîr"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "coŋ ata",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "чоң ата"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "tay ata",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "тай ата"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "nono"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "avuelo"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "papú"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "granpapa"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "lo",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "pū",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ປູ່"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "lo",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "tā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ຕາ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "lo",
"english": "grandfather or grandmother",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "tū",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ຕູ້"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "ʼai nya kā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "ໄອຍະກາ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "phǭ nyai",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ພໍ່ໃຫຍ່"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "mā tā ma ha",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ມາຕາມະຫະ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "vaciks"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "vacjuks"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "vacuļs"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "avus"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vectēvs"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "senelis"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German",
"Paderbornisch"
],
"word": "Grautvader"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Dithmarsisch",
"German-Low-German",
"Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch"
],
"word": "Grotvader"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "nds-de",
"english": "Schleswig-Holsteinisch; the latter influenced by High German",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German"
],
"word": "Grotvader & Großvader"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Grootvader"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Grootvoder"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Grootvadder"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "lg",
"lang": "Luganda",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "jjajja omusajja"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "lg",
"lang": "Luganda",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "jajja omusajja"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "lut",
"lang": "Lushootseed",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "scapaʔ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Grousspapp"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "dédo",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "де́до"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "datuk"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "muttacchaṉ",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "മുത്തച്ഛന്"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "appūppaṉ",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "അപ്പൂപ്പന്"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ġidd"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nannu"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "mafa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ᠮᠠᡶᠠ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "goro mafa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ᡤᠣᡵᠣ ᠮᠠᡶᠠ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "shaner"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "shennayr"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "koroua"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "tipuna tāne"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "tupuna"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "poua"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "ājobā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "आजोबा"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "ābā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "आबा"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "mwl",
"lang": "Mirandese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abó"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "mwl",
"lang": "Mirandese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abó pai"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "mwl",
"lang": "Mirandese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abó de las calças"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "mwl",
"lang": "Mirandese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pai-abó"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "mwl",
"lang": "Mirandese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bó"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "mhn",
"lang": "Mòcheno",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nono"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "övöö",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "өвөө"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "nv",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "acheii"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "nv",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "análí"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "niv",
"lang": "Nivkh",
"roman": "atak",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "атак"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Jersey",
"masculine"
],
"word": "grand-péthe"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "frr",
"lang": "North Frisian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Mooring",
"masculine"
],
"word": "åte"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "frr",
"lang": "North Frisian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Sylt",
"common-gender"
],
"word": "Gooki"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "cst",
"lang": "Northern Ohlone",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ká̄na 'ek pá̄pa"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "áddjá"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "no",
"english": "mother's father",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "morfar"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "no",
"english": "father's father",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "farfar"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bestefar"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bestefar"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ood",
"lang": "O'odham",
"roman": "maternal",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ba꞉b"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ood",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "O'odham",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "wosk"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grand paire"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "or",
"lang": "Odia",
"roman": "jejebapa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ଜେଜେବାପା"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "oj",
"english": "my grandfather",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "nimishoomis"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"roman": "dědŭ",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дѣдъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "eald fæder"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "non",
"lang": "Old Norse",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "afi"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "om",
"lang": "Oromo",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "akaakayyuu"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "os",
"lang": "Ossetian",
"roman": "dada",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "дада"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "os",
"lang": "Ossetian",
"roman": "baba",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "баба"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "pap",
"lang": "Papiamentu",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "welo"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "nika",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "نیکه"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "pdc",
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Groossvadder"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "pdc",
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Groossdaadi"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "pedar-bozorg",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "پدربزرگ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Grootfoda"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"word": "dziadek"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avô"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "dādā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ਦਾਦਾ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "dāde",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "ਦਾਦੇ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "awki"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "jatun tata"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "rom",
"lang": "Romani",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pàpos"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bunic"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tataie"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tată mare"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tat"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "non"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "déduška",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "де́душка"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ded",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дед"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dedúlja",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "деду́ля"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "slr",
"lang": "Salar",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "paba"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sa",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "mātāmaha",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "मातामह"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sat",
"lang": "Santali",
"roman": "ôjô",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ᱚᱡᱚ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "donnumannu"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "guidsire"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "grandfaither"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "seanair"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "дјед"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "дед"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "деда"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "дека"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "декица"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "дедица"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "djed"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ded"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "deda"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "deka"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "dekica"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "dedica"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sty",
"lang": "Siberian Tatar",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "пабай"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nannu"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tata granni"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "papa granni"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "si",
"lang": "Sinhalese",
"roman": "pitāmaha",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "පිතාමහ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "si",
"lang": "Sinhalese",
"roman": "miti",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "මිති"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sms",
"lang": "Skolt Sami",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "äʹjj"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dedo"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dedko"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "starý otec"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ded"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ded"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stari oče"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "so",
"lang": "Somali",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "awow"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "st",
"lang": "Sotho",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ntatemoholo"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "alt",
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"roman": "taada",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "таада"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuelo"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "su",
"lang": "Sundanese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "aki"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "babu"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sv",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "farfar"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sv",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "morfar"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "lolo"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ingkong"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "lelong"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "apo"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "abwelo"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "padarbuzurg",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "падарбузург"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "bobo",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "бобо"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "tāttā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "தாத்தா"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "twf",
"lang": "Taos",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "tàłułiʼína"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "babay",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "бабай"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "däw äti",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "дәү әти"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "zur äti",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "зур әти"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "tātayya",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "తాతయ్య"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "tāta",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "తాత"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "th",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bpùu",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ปู่"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dtaa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ตา"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "th",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gǒng",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ก๋ง"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "spo bo",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "སྤོ་བོ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "āwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "tpi",
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "tumbuna"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "tpn",
"lang": "Tupinambá",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "(t-, t-) amỹîa"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "dede"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ata"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "baba"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "kırgan-aça",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "кырган-ача"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "did",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дід"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "didúsʹ",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "діду́сь"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "dādā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "دادا"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ur",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "nānā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "نانا"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "uum",
"lang": "Urum",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "baba"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "buwa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "بۇۋا"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "bowa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "بوۋا"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "buva"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nono"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ông"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ôông"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "lefat"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grand-popa"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tåye"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "taid"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Southern",
"masculine"
],
"word": "tad-cu"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"masculine"
],
"word": "taid"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pake"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "wo",
"lang": "Wolof",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "marm"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "xh",
"lang": "Xhosa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "-khulu"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "yai",
"lang": "Yagnobi",
"roman": "bobo",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "бобо"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "ehe",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "эһэ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "yag",
"lang": "Yámana",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ušwam"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "zeyde",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "זיידע"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "yo",
"lang": "Yoruba",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "baba agba"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 25 60",
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "-khulu"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑːðə(r)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹændˌfɑːðə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑðɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡɹ̠(ʷ)ẽˑə̯̃n(d)ˌfɑˑðɚ]",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-grandfather.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-uk-grandfather.ogg/En-uk-grandfather.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-uk-grandfather.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grandfather.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/En-us-grandfather.ogg/En-us-grandfather.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/En-us-grandfather.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-grandfather.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2b/En-au-grandfather.ogg/En-au-grandfather.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/En-au-grandfather.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "grănd′fä'''th''ər"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "ayle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "elderfather"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "eldfather"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"word": "goodsire"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "gramp"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "grampa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"humorous"
],
"word": "gramps"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"US",
"informal"
],
"word": "grampop"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "gran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"informal"
],
"word": "granda"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "grandad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "grandaddy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "granddad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "granddaddy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"word": "grandfather"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "grandpa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "grandpap"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "grandpapa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "grandpappy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "Grandpappy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "grandpaw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"US",
"informal"
],
"word": "grandpop"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"word": "grandsire"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"pronunciation-spelling"
],
"word": "granfer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "granpappy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "granther"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"word": "nonno"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "pa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "pap"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "papa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "papaw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "pappaw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "pappy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "Pappy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "pawpaw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "peepaw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "pepaw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "pop-pop"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "poppy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Jewish"
],
"word": "zayde"
}
],
"word": "grandfather"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grandfadre"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grandfadre",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "graundfadir"
},
"expansion": "graundfadir",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "graunfadir"
},
"expansion": "graunfadir",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "grauntfader"
},
"expansion": "grauntfader",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "graunt",
"3": "",
"4": "big, large; great, important"
},
"expansion": "graunt (“big, large; great, important”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fader",
"3": "fā̆der",
"4": "male parent, father; remoter male ancestor"
},
"expansion": "fā̆der (“male parent, father; remoter male ancestor”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "grandpere"
},
"expansion": "Middle French grandpere",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "grant pere",
"3": "",
"4": "male parent; remoter male ancestor"
},
"expansion": "grant pere (“male parent; remoter male ancestor”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "grand-père"
},
"expansion": "French grand-père",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grand",
"3": "father"
},
"expansion": "grand- + father",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "eldfather"
},
"expansion": "eldfather",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "elderfather"
},
"expansion": "elderfather",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English grandfadre, graundfadir, graunfadir, grauntfader, and other forms, from graunt (“big, large; great, important”) + fā̆der (“male parent, father; remoter male ancestor”), probably modelled after Middle French grandpere, grant pere (“male parent; remoter male ancestor”) (whence French grand-père); the English word is analysable as grand- + father. Superseded earlier eldfather, elderfather.\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grandfathers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grandfathering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grandfathered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grandfathered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grandfather (third-person singular simple present grandfathers, present participle grandfathering, simple past and past participle grandfathered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"grand‧fa‧ther"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 16 32 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with grand-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be, or act as, a grandfather to."
],
"id": "en-grandfather-en-verb-mBdFy58-",
"links": [
[
"grandfather",
"#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To be, or act as, a grandfather to."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑːðə(r)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹændˌfɑːðə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑðɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡɹ̠(ʷ)ẽˑə̯̃n(d)ˌfɑˑðɚ]",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-grandfather.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-uk-grandfather.ogg/En-uk-grandfather.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-uk-grandfather.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grandfather.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/En-us-grandfather.ogg/En-us-grandfather.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/En-us-grandfather.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-grandfather.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2b/En-au-grandfather.ogg/En-au-grandfather.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/En-au-grandfather.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "grănd′fä'''th''ər"
}
],
"word": "grandfather"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grandfather clause"
},
"expansion": "grandfather clause",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clause"
},
"expansion": "clause",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From grandfather clause: see grandfather (etymology 1) and clause.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grandfathers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grandfathering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grandfathered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grandfathered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grandfather (third-person singular simple present grandfathers, present participle grandfathering, simple past and past participle grandfathered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"grand‧fa‧ther"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "en:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 26 25 2 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "grandfathering"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2009 June 19, David Migoya, “Arvada homes haunted by past due code violations”, in The Denver Post, Denver, Colo.: Digital First Media, published 6 May 2016 (update), →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-12-03",
"text": "Had the original work been permitted, it would be grandfathered into any code changes each time they occurred, Arvada officials said. The latest came in 2006.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 October 22, Alan Greenblatt, “The Racial History of the Grandfather Clause”, in NPR, archived from the original on 2019-03-30",
"text": "Old power plants are sometimes grandfathered from having to meet new clean air requirements.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 October 22, Alan Greenblatt, “The Racial History of the Grandfather Clause”, in NPR, archived from the original on 2019-03-30",
"text": "In 1915, the Supreme Court ruled unanimously in Guinn v. United States that grandfather clauses were unconstitutional. […] The decision had almost no effect, however. The Oklahoma Legislature met in special session to grandfather in the grandfather clause. The new law said those who had been registered in 1914 – whites under the old system – were automatically registered to vote, while African-Americans could only register between April 30 and May 11, 1916, or forever be disenfranchised. That law stayed on the books until a Supreme Court ruling in 1939.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Matthew J. Fullana, Gary E. Wnek, “History of Techniques and Materials Used in Volume Enhancement”, in Charles K. Herman, Berish Strauch, editors, Encyclopedia of Aesthetic Rejuvenation through Volume Enhancement, New York, N.Y.: Thieme Medical Publishers, section 2.5.1 (Silicone Breast Implants), page 12",
"text": "With the signing of the Medical Devices Amendment to the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic in 1976, the FDA [Food and Drug Administration] gained regulatory authority over [breast] implants, but the existing Cronin-Gerow implants were grandfathered, making them exempt from the new legislation.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014 July 14, Associated Press, “Army: Soldier grandfathered in under tattoo policy”, in The Washington Times, Washington, D.C.: The Washington Times, LLC, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2014-07-15",
"text": "The U.S. Army says a Kentucky National Guard soldier with aspirations of joining a U.S. Army special operations unit is grandfathered in under new regulations concerning soldiers with tattoos and asked a federal judge to dismiss his lawsuit. […] The regulations went into effect in March and ban tattoos below the knee or elbow. Soldiers who already have the ink are grandfathered in. Under the new regulations, any soldier with tattoos is barred from seeking a promotion to warrant officer or commissioning as an officer.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2017 November, “Annex B: Guidance on Closing Off of Regimes and Grandfathering for non-IP Regimes”, in Harmful Tax Practices – 2017 Progress Report on Preferential Regimes: Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 5 (OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifing Project), Paris: OECD Publishing, →DOI, →ISSN, page 27",
"text": "In practice, most of the regimes reviewed by the FHTP [Forum on Harmful Tax Practices] during its early years and which were abolished were either terminated without grandfathering or included grandfathering within this maximum five-year period.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To retain discontinued laws or rules for (an object, individual or organization previously affected by them)."
],
"id": "en-grandfather-en-verb-en:law",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"retain",
"retain"
],
[
"discontinue",
"discontinue"
],
[
"law",
"law"
],
[
"rules",
"rule#Noun"
],
[
"object",
"object"
],
[
"individual",
"individual"
],
[
"organization",
"organization"
],
[
"affected",
"affect#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, chiefly US, law) To retain discontinued laws or rules for (an object, individual or organization previously affected by them)."
],
"senseid": [
"en:law"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grandfather in"
}
],
"tags": [
"US",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑːðə(r)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹændˌfɑːðə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑðɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡɹ̠(ʷ)ẽˑə̯̃n(d)ˌfɑˑðɚ]",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-grandfather.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-uk-grandfather.ogg/En-uk-grandfather.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-uk-grandfather.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grandfather.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/En-us-grandfather.ogg/En-us-grandfather.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/En-us-grandfather.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-grandfather.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2b/En-au-grandfather.ogg/En-au-grandfather.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/En-au-grandfather.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "grănd′fä'''th''ər"
}
],
"word": "grandfather"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"with regard to gender"
],
"word": "grandmother"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"with regard to ancestry"
],
"word": "grandchild"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"with regard to ancestry"
],
"word": "granddaughter"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"with regard to ancestry"
],
"word": "grandson"
}
],
"categories": [
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with redundant transliterations",
"English 3-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms prefixed with grand-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Pages using discouraged character sequences",
"en:Male family members"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "co-grandfather"
},
{
"word": "co-grandfather-in-law"
},
{
"word": "GILF"
},
{
"word": "grandfather chair"
},
{
"word": "grandfather clause"
},
{
"word": "grandfather clock"
},
{
"word": "grandfatherhood"
},
{
"word": "grandfather-in-law"
},
{
"word": "grandfatherless"
},
{
"word": "grandfatherly"
},
{
"word": "grandfather paradox"
},
{
"word": "grandfather rights"
},
{
"word": "grandfather shirt"
},
{
"word": "great-grandfather"
},
{
"word": "great-great-grandfather"
},
{
"word": "great great great grandfather"
},
{
"word": "stepgrandfather"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grandfadre"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grandfadre",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "graundfadir"
},
"expansion": "graundfadir",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "graunfadir"
},
"expansion": "graunfadir",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "grauntfader"
},
"expansion": "grauntfader",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "graunt",
"3": "",
"4": "big, large; great, important"
},
"expansion": "graunt (“big, large; great, important”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fader",
"3": "fā̆der",
"4": "male parent, father; remoter male ancestor"
},
"expansion": "fā̆der (“male parent, father; remoter male ancestor”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "grandpere"
},
"expansion": "Middle French grandpere",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "grant pere",
"3": "",
"4": "male parent; remoter male ancestor"
},
"expansion": "grant pere (“male parent; remoter male ancestor”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "grand-père"
},
"expansion": "French grand-père",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grand",
"3": "father"
},
"expansion": "grand- + father",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "eldfather"
},
"expansion": "eldfather",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "elderfather"
},
"expansion": "elderfather",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English grandfadre, graundfadir, graunfadir, grauntfader, and other forms, from graunt (“big, large; great, important”) + fā̆der (“male parent, father; remoter male ancestor”), probably modelled after Middle French grandpere, grant pere (“male parent; remoter male ancestor”) (whence French grand-père); the English word is analysable as grand- + father. Superseded earlier eldfather, elderfather.\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grandfathers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grandfather (plural grandfathers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "grandparent"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"word": "relative"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"grand‧fa‧ther"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"sense": "father of someone's father",
"word": "paternal grandfather"
},
{
"sense": "father of someone's mother",
"word": "maternal grandfather"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"word": "old man"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "with regard to gender",
"word": "grandmother"
},
{
"english": "with regard to ancestry",
"word": "grandson"
},
{
"word": "grandmother"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1662, [Edmund] Plowden, “Entry”, in H. B., transl., Plovvdens Quæries: Or, A Moot-book of Choice Cases, Useful for the Young Students of the Common Law: Englished, Methodized, and Enlarged, London: Printed for Ch. Adams, J. Starkey, and Tho[mas] Basset, […], →OCLC, page 117",
"text": "Grandfather, Father, and Son. The Father diſſeiſeth the Grandfather and dies, the Son endows the Mother, the Grandfather dies, the Son may enter upon the Mother; for he hath a new Right deſcended to him from the Grandfather, for the Grandfather might have entred upon the Mother, ſo ſhall his Heir.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1790 October, “An Historical Developement of the Political Constitution of the Germanic Empire. By J[ohann] S[tephan] Pütter, Privy Counsellor of Justice, &c. Translated from the German, by Josiah Dornford, of Lincoln’s Inn, L.L.D. Vol. II.”, in The Literary Magazine and British Review, volume V, London: Printed for the proprietors and sold by C[hristopher] Forster […], →OCLC, page 290, column 2",
"text": "One circumſtance […] peculiar to the Germanic empire, is the diſtinction between its mediate and immediate members. In the ſame manner as two objects which we may ſuppose to have relation to each other, are immediately related, when there is no third object intervening, but otherwiſe only mediate. This may be illuſtrated by the example of the connexion between a grandfather and his children, who may be ſaid to be mediately related; while the relation between the parents and children, on the contrary, is immediate; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1876, Henry C[lay] Work (lyrics and music), “Grandfather’s Clock. Song and Chorus”, New York, N.Y.: Published by C. M. Cady, […], →OCLC, page 34",
"text": "My grandfather’s clock was too large for the shelf.— / So it stood ninety years on the floor; / It was taller by half than the old man himself, / Though it weighed not a pennyweight more. / It was bought on the morn of the day that he was born, / And was always his treasure and pride; / But it stopp’d short—never to go again— / When the old man died.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1965 March 25, Richard Willstätter, “My Ancestors”, in Lilli S[chwenk] Hornig, transl., edited by Arthur Stoll, From My Life: The Memoirs of Richard Willstätter: Translated from the German Edition, New York, N.Y., Amsterdam: W. A. Benjamin, →OCLC, page 10",
"text": "Grandfather was friendly, formal, and strict with the children in his large family, and quite displeased with the lively goings-on of the grandchildren. […] He only joked with me once, when I was four, and never again. Our festive Sunday dinner was crowned by a pudding. Perhaps I looked too greedy—Grandfather threatened to throw the pudding out of the window. It is reported that I answered, \"Then I'll jump out of the window and gobble it up all by myself.\"",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Jo-Pei Tan, Ann Buchanan, “Links between Grandfather Involvement and Adolescent Well-being in England and Wales”, in Ann Buchanan, Anna Rotkirch, editors, Grandfathers: Global Perspectives (Palgrave Macmillan Studies in Family and Intimate Life), London: Palgrave Macmillan, →DOI, part IV (Impact on Grandfathers), page 233",
"text": "Both paternal and maternal grandfathers were highly involved in various facets of adolescents' lives, with maternal grandfathers providing more support in general[…]. It was found that, on average, maternal grandfathers were more involved with adolescent grandchildren than paternal grandfathers. Adolescents also felt closer to maternal grandfathers compared to paternal grandfathers. This may be explained by the more regular contact and closer geographical distance between these grandfathers and adolescents.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A father of someone's parent."
],
"links": [
[
"father",
"father#Noun"
],
[
"parent",
"parent#Noun"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grandfather"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1758 November 25, [Israel Daniel Rupp], “[No. XI.] Post’s Second Journal, 1758. The Second Journal of Christian Frederick Post, on a Message from the Governor of Pennsylvania, to the Indians of the Ohio, in the Latter Part of the Same Year.”, in Early History of Western Pennsylvania, and of the West, […], Pittsburgh, Pa.: Published by A. P. Ingram, […]; Harrisburg, Pa.: Published by W. O. Hickok, published 1848, →OCLC, page 111",
"text": "Brethren: Here is the pipe which your grandfathers used to smoke with when they met together in councils of peace. And here is some of that good tobacco, prepared for our grandfathers from God:—When you shall taste of it, you shall feel it through all your body; and it will put you in remembrance of the good councils your grandfathers used to hold with the English, your brethren, and that ancient friendship they had together.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A male forefather."
],
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"forefather",
"forefather"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) A male forefather."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "highfather"
},
{
"word": "grandsire"
}
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Computing"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1983, Computerworld, volume 17, number 50, page 22",
"text": "File C is the grandfather because it was used to create file B.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2004, Ray Bradley, The Ultimate Computing Glossary for Advanced Level, page 31",
"text": "Three generations of file are usually kept, being the grandfather, father and son files.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, O. Ray Whittington, Patrick R. Delaney, Wiley CPA Exam Review 2008: Auditing and Attestation, page 556",
"text": "The file from which the father was developed with the transaction files of the appropriate day is the grandfather.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The archived older version of a file that immediately preceded the father file."
],
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"archive",
"archive"
],
[
"version",
"version"
],
[
"file",
"file"
],
[
"father",
"father"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computing) The archived older version of a file that immediately preceded the father file."
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑːðə(r)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹændˌfɑːðə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑðɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡɹ̠(ʷ)ẽˑə̯̃n(d)ˌfɑˑðɚ]",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-grandfather.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-uk-grandfather.ogg/En-uk-grandfather.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-uk-grandfather.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grandfather.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/En-us-grandfather.ogg/En-us-grandfather.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/En-us-grandfather.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-grandfather.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2b/En-au-grandfather.ogg/En-au-grandfather.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/En-au-grandfather.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "grănd′fä'''th''ər"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "ayle"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "elderfather"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "eldfather"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"word": "goodsire"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "gramp"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "grampa"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"humorous"
],
"word": "gramps"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"US",
"informal"
],
"word": "grampop"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "gran"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"informal"
],
"word": "granda"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "grandad"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "grandaddy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "granddad"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "granddaddy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"word": "grandfather"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "grandpa"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "grandpap"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "grandpapa"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "grandpappy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "Grandpappy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "grandpaw"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"US",
"informal"
],
"word": "grandpop"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"word": "grandsire"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"pronunciation-spelling"
],
"word": "granfer"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "granpappy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "granther"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"word": "nonno"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "pa"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "pap"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "papa"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "papaw"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "pappaw"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "pappy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "Pappy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "pawpaw"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "peepaw"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "pepaw"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "pop-pop"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "poppy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:grandfather",
"tags": [
"Jewish"
],
"word": "zayde"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ab",
"lang": "Abkhaz",
"roman": "abdu",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "абду"
},
{
"code": "ace",
"lang": "Acehnese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "syik"
},
{
"code": "ace",
"lang": "Acehnese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "nek"
},
{
"code": "ady",
"lang": "Adyghe",
"roman": "pŝaŝɛ",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "пшъашъэ"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "oupa"
},
{
"code": "ain",
"lang": "Ainu",
"roman": "ekashi",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "エカㇱヒ"
},
{
"code": "akk",
"lang": "Akkadian",
"roman": "/ab abi/",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "𒀀𒁉 𒀀𒁉"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "gjysh"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "babagjysh"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tatëmadh"
},
{
"code": "ale",
"lang": "Aleut",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "latux"
},
{
"code": "abs",
"lang": "Ambonese Malay",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "opa"
},
{
"code": "am",
"lang": "Amharic",
"roman": "ʾäyat",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "አያት"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jadd",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "جَدّ"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "gidd",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "جد"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "sīd",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "سِيد"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jadd",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "جَدّ"
},
{
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jadd",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic"
],
"word": "جد"
},
{
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bā sīd",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic"
],
"word": "با سيد"
},
{
"code": "ajp",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jidd",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"South-Levantine-Arabic"
],
"word": "جد"
},
{
"code": "ajp",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "sīd",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"South-Levantine-Arabic"
],
"word": "سيد"
},
{
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "agüelo"
},
{
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "sāḇā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ܣܵܒ݂ܵܐ"
},
{
"code": "syc",
"lang": "Aramaic",
"roman": "sāḇā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Classical-Syriac",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ܣܒܐ"
},
{
"code": "syc",
"lang": "Aramaic",
"roman": "qaššīšā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Classical-Syriac",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ܩܫܝܫܐ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pap",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "պապ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "papik",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "պապիկ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hav",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "հավ"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ghiush"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tot"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pap"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "koka",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ককা"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "güelu"
},
{
"code": "av",
"lang": "Avar",
"roman": "kʼudada",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "кӏудада"
},
{
"code": "av",
"lang": "Avar",
"roman": "daḥʳadada",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "дахӏадада"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "baba"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "olatay",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "олатай"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "qartatay",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ҡартатай"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "aitona"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "aitatxi"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "dzjed",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дзед"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "dzjadúlja",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дзяду́ля"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "ṭhakurda",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ঠাকুরদা দাদু"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "dada",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "দাদা"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "nana",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "নানা"
},
{
"code": "bcl",
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "lolo"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tad-kozh"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "djádo",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дя́до"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "a.bhui:",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "အဘိုး"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "bhui:bhui:",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "ဘိုးဘိုး"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avi"
},
{
"code": "dtp",
"lang": "Central Dusun",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "taki"
},
{
"code": "csm",
"lang": "Central Sierra Miwok",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "páˑpa-"
},
{
"code": "ccc",
"lang": "Chamicuro",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "lokoko"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "ududu",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ᎤᏚᏚ"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "unisi",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ᎤᏂᏏ"
},
{
"code": "ny",
"lang": "Chichewa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "gogo"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "爺爺"
},
{
"alt": "je⁴ je⁴⁻²",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "paternal",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "爷爷"
},
{
"alt": "gung¹ gung¹, gung¹⁻⁴ gung¹",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "maternal",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "公公"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "zou² fu⁶",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "祖父"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "ngoi⁶ zou² fu⁶",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "外祖父"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "ngoi⁶ gung¹",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "外公"
},
{
"code": "hak",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Hakka Chinese",
"roman": "â-kûng",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "阿公"
},
{
"code": "hak",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Hakka Chinese",
"roman": "chiá-kûng",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "姐公"
},
{
"code": "hak",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Hakka Chinese",
"roman": "ngoi-â-kûng",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "外阿公"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "阿公"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "án-kong",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "俺公"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "guā-kong",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "外公"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "hóe-hu-kong, hé-hu-kong",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "火烌公"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "內公"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "lāi-kong",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"indirect"
],
"word": "内公"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "爺爺"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yéye",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "爷爷"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zǔfù",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "祖父"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wàizǔfù",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "外祖父"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wàigōng",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "外公"
},
{
"code": "chn",
"lang": "Chinook Jargon",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "chitsh"
},
{
"code": "ckt",
"lang": "Chukchi",
"roman": "apajṇyn",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "апайӈын"
},
{
"code": "cv",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Chuvash",
"roman": "as̬atte",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "асатте"
},
{
"code": "cv",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Chuvash",
"roman": "kuk̬aś̬i",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "кукаҫи"
},
{
"code": "co",
"lang": "Corsican",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "babbone"
},
{
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "qartbaba"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "děda"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "děd"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "bedstefar"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "bedstefader"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grootvader"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "opa"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"masculine"
],
"word": "bompa"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "avo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "vanaisa"
},
{
"code": "ee",
"lang": "Ewe",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "tɔgbui"
},
{
"code": "ext",
"lang": "Extremaduran",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "abuelu"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "abbi"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "isoisä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "see also",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "isoisä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grand-père"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aïeul"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nono"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "von"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avó"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ṗaṗa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "პაპა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "babua",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ბაბუა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Großvater"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "Switzerland and Liechtenstein",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Grossvater"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Opa"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Opi"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Großvater väterlicherseits"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Großvater mütterlicherseits"
},
{
"code": "gsw",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Alemannic-German"
],
"word": "Äni"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "pappoús",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "παππούς"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "páppos",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "πάππος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "páppos",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "πάππος"
},
{
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "aataq"
},
{
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "aataa"
},
{
"code": "gn",
"lang": "Guaraní",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "taita guasu"
},
{
"code": "ha",
"lang": "Hausa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "kaka"
},
{
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "kupuna kāne"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "sav",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "סָב"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "sába",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "סַבָּא"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dādā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "दादा"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "nānā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "नाना"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "nagyapa"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "afi"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "avulo"
},
{
"code": "ig",
"lang": "Igbo",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "nnanna"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "kakek"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "engkong"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "äijä"
},
{
"code": "inh",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Ingush",
"roman": "dä-da",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "даь-да"
},
{
"code": "inh",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Ingush",
"roman": "nän-da",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "наьн-да"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "avo"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "granpatre"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "seanathair"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "athair críonna"
},
{
"code": "sga",
"lang": "Old Irish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "senathair"
},
{
"code": "ist",
"lang": "Istriot",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nono"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nonno"
},
{
"alt": "おじいさん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ojiisan",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "お爺さん"
},
{
"alt": "そふ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"note": "only about one's own",
"roman": "sofu",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "祖父"
},
{
"alt": "がいそふ",
"code": "ja",
"english": "maternal, only about one's own",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gaisofu",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "外祖父"
},
{
"code": "jv",
"lang": "Javanese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "mbah"
},
{
"code": "jv",
"lang": "Javanese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "eyang"
},
{
"code": "jje",
"lang": "Jeju",
"roman": "hareubang",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "하르방"
},
{
"code": "ks",
"lang": "Kashmiri",
"roman": "buḍ' bab",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "بُڈؠ بَب"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "ata",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ата"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "baba",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "баба"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "taa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "តា"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "ayyeakao",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "អយ្យកោ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "cii taa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ជីតា"
},
{
"code": "naq",
"lang": "Khoekhoe",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ǁgaosab"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "harabeoji",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "할아버지"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chinharabeoji",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "친할아버지"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "oeharabeoji",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "외할아버지"
},
{
"code": "kri",
"lang": "Krio",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "grandpa"
},
{
"code": "jct",
"lang": "Krymchak",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "baba"
},
{
"code": "kum",
"lang": "Kumyk",
"roman": "baba",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "баба"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "bapîr",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "باپیر"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bapîr"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "coŋ ata",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "чоң ата"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "tay ata",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "тай ата"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "nono"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "avuelo"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "papú"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "granpapa"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "pū",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ປູ່"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "tā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ຕາ"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"english": "grandfather or grandmother",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "tū",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ຕູ້"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "ʼai nya kā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "ໄອຍະກາ"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "phǭ nyai",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ພໍ່ໃຫຍ່"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "mā tā ma ha",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ມາຕາມະຫະ"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "vaciks"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "vacjuks"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "vacuļs"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "avus"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vectēvs"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "senelis"
},
{
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German",
"Paderbornisch"
],
"word": "Grautvader"
},
{
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Dithmarsisch",
"German-Low-German",
"Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch"
],
"word": "Grotvader"
},
{
"code": "nds-de",
"english": "Schleswig-Holsteinisch; the latter influenced by High German",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German"
],
"word": "Grotvader & Großvader"
},
{
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Grootvader"
},
{
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Grootvoder"
},
{
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Grootvadder"
},
{
"code": "lg",
"lang": "Luganda",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "jjajja omusajja"
},
{
"code": "lg",
"lang": "Luganda",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "jajja omusajja"
},
{
"code": "lut",
"lang": "Lushootseed",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "scapaʔ"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Grousspapp"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "dédo",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "де́до"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "datuk"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "muttacchaṉ",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "മുത്തച്ഛന്"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "appūppaṉ",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "അപ്പൂപ്പന്"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ġidd"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nannu"
},
{
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "mafa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ᠮᠠᡶᠠ"
},
{
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "goro mafa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ᡤᠣᡵᠣ ᠮᠠᡶᠠ"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "shaner"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "shennayr"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "koroua"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "tipuna tāne"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "tupuna"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "poua"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "ājobā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "आजोबा"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "ābā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "आबा"
},
{
"code": "mwl",
"lang": "Mirandese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abó"
},
{
"code": "mwl",
"lang": "Mirandese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abó pai"
},
{
"code": "mwl",
"lang": "Mirandese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abó de las calças"
},
{
"code": "mwl",
"lang": "Mirandese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pai-abó"
},
{
"code": "mwl",
"lang": "Mirandese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bó"
},
{
"code": "mhn",
"lang": "Mòcheno",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nono"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "övöö",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "өвөө"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "acheii"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "análí"
},
{
"code": "niv",
"lang": "Nivkh",
"roman": "atak",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "атак"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Jersey",
"masculine"
],
"word": "grand-péthe"
},
{
"code": "frr",
"lang": "North Frisian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Mooring",
"masculine"
],
"word": "åte"
},
{
"code": "frr",
"lang": "North Frisian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Sylt",
"common-gender"
],
"word": "Gooki"
},
{
"code": "cst",
"lang": "Northern Ohlone",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ká̄na 'ek pá̄pa"
},
{
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "áddjá"
},
{
"code": "no",
"english": "mother's father",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "morfar"
},
{
"code": "no",
"english": "father's father",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "farfar"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bestefar"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bestefar"
},
{
"code": "ood",
"lang": "O'odham",
"roman": "maternal",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ba꞉b"
},
{
"code": "ood",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "O'odham",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "wosk"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grand paire"
},
{
"code": "or",
"lang": "Odia",
"roman": "jejebapa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ଜେଜେବାପା"
},
{
"code": "oj",
"english": "my grandfather",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "nimishoomis"
},
{
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"roman": "dědŭ",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дѣдъ"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "eald fæder"
},
{
"code": "non",
"lang": "Old Norse",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "afi"
},
{
"code": "om",
"lang": "Oromo",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "akaakayyuu"
},
{
"code": "os",
"lang": "Ossetian",
"roman": "dada",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "дада"
},
{
"code": "os",
"lang": "Ossetian",
"roman": "baba",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "баба"
},
{
"code": "pap",
"lang": "Papiamentu",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "welo"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "nika",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "نیکه"
},
{
"code": "pdc",
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Groossvadder"
},
{
"code": "pdc",
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Groossdaadi"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "pedar-bozorg",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "پدربزرگ"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Grootfoda"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"word": "dziadek"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avô"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "dādā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ਦਾਦਾ"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "dāde",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "ਦਾਦੇ"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "awki"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "jatun tata"
},
{
"code": "rom",
"lang": "Romani",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pàpos"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bunic"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tataie"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tată mare"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tat"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "non"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "déduška",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "де́душка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ded",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дед"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dedúlja",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "деду́ля"
},
{
"code": "slr",
"lang": "Salar",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "paba"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "mātāmaha",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "मातामह"
},
{
"code": "sat",
"lang": "Santali",
"roman": "ôjô",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ᱚᱡᱚ"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "donnumannu"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "guidsire"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "grandfaither"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "seanair"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "дјед"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "дед"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "деда"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "дека"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "декица"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "дедица"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "djed"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ded"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "deda"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "deka"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "dekica"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "dedica"
},
{
"code": "sty",
"lang": "Siberian Tatar",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "пабай"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nannu"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tata granni"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "papa granni"
},
{
"code": "si",
"lang": "Sinhalese",
"roman": "pitāmaha",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "පිතාමහ"
},
{
"code": "si",
"lang": "Sinhalese",
"roman": "miti",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "මිති"
},
{
"code": "sms",
"lang": "Skolt Sami",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "äʹjj"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dedo"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dedko"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "starý otec"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ded"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ded"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stari oče"
},
{
"code": "so",
"lang": "Somali",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "awow"
},
{
"code": "st",
"lang": "Sotho",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ntatemoholo"
},
{
"code": "alt",
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"roman": "taada",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "таада"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuelo"
},
{
"code": "su",
"lang": "Sundanese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "aki"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "babu"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "farfar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "morfar"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "lolo"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ingkong"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "lelong"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "apo"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "abwelo"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "padarbuzurg",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "падарбузург"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "bobo",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "бобо"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "tāttā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "தாத்தா"
},
{
"code": "twf",
"lang": "Taos",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "tàłułiʼína"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "babay",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "бабай"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "däw äti",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "дәү әти"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "zur äti",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "зур әти"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "tātayya",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "తాతయ్య"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "tāta",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "తాత"
},
{
"code": "th",
"english": "paternal",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bpùu",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ปู่"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dtaa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ตา"
},
{
"code": "th",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gǒng",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ก๋ง"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "spo bo",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "སྤོ་བོ"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "āwe"
},
{
"code": "tpi",
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "tumbuna"
},
{
"code": "tpn",
"lang": "Tupinambá",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "(t-, t-) amỹîa"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "dede"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ata"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "baba"
},
{
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "kırgan-aça",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "кырган-ача"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "did",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дід"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "didúsʹ",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "діду́сь"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "dādā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "دادا"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"english": "maternal",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "nānā",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "نانا"
},
{
"code": "uum",
"lang": "Urum",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "baba"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "buwa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "بۇۋا"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "bowa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "بوۋا"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "buva"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nono"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ông"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ôông"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "lefat"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grand-popa"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tåye"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "taid"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Southern",
"masculine"
],
"word": "tad-cu"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"masculine"
],
"word": "taid"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pake"
},
{
"code": "wo",
"lang": "Wolof",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "marm"
},
{
"code": "xh",
"lang": "Xhosa",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "-khulu"
},
{
"code": "yai",
"lang": "Yagnobi",
"roman": "bobo",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "бобо"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "ehe",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "эһэ"
},
{
"code": "yag",
"lang": "Yámana",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "ušwam"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "zeyde",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "זיידע"
},
{
"code": "yo",
"lang": "Yoruba",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "baba agba"
},
{
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "grandfather (from either side)",
"word": "-khulu"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "pordada",
"sense": "male forefather",
"word": "পরদাদা"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "forfader"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "voorvader"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aïeul"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "devanceiro"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "pappoús",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "παππούς"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "páppos",
"sense": "male forefather",
"word": "πάππος"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "taa",
"sense": "male forefather",
"word": "តា"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "ayyeakao",
"sense": "male forefather",
"word": "អយ្យកោ"
},
{
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"roman": "dědŭ",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дѣдъ"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avoengo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "străbunic"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strămoș"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "străbun"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuelo"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "male forefather",
"word": "babu"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "male forefather",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "förfader"
},
{
"code": "tpi",
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"sense": "male forefather",
"word": "tumbuna"
}
],
"word": "grandfather"
}
{
"categories": [
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with redundant transliterations",
"English 3-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms prefixed with grand-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Pages using discouraged character sequences",
"en:Male family members"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grandfadre"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grandfadre",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "graundfadir"
},
"expansion": "graundfadir",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "graunfadir"
},
"expansion": "graunfadir",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "grauntfader"
},
"expansion": "grauntfader",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "graunt",
"3": "",
"4": "big, large; great, important"
},
"expansion": "graunt (“big, large; great, important”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fader",
"3": "fā̆der",
"4": "male parent, father; remoter male ancestor"
},
"expansion": "fā̆der (“male parent, father; remoter male ancestor”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "grandpere"
},
"expansion": "Middle French grandpere",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "grant pere",
"3": "",
"4": "male parent; remoter male ancestor"
},
"expansion": "grant pere (“male parent; remoter male ancestor”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "grand-père"
},
"expansion": "French grand-père",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grand",
"3": "father"
},
"expansion": "grand- + father",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "eldfather"
},
"expansion": "eldfather",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "elderfather"
},
"expansion": "elderfather",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English grandfadre, graundfadir, graunfadir, grauntfader, and other forms, from graunt (“big, large; great, important”) + fā̆der (“male parent, father; remoter male ancestor”), probably modelled after Middle French grandpere, grant pere (“male parent; remoter male ancestor”) (whence French grand-père); the English word is analysable as grand- + father. Superseded earlier eldfather, elderfather.\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grandfathers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grandfathering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grandfathered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grandfathered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grandfather (third-person singular simple present grandfathers, present participle grandfathering, simple past and past participle grandfathered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"grand‧fa‧ther"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To be, or act as, a grandfather to."
],
"links": [
[
"grandfather",
"#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To be, or act as, a grandfather to."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑːðə(r)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹændˌfɑːðə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑðɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡɹ̠(ʷ)ẽˑə̯̃n(d)ˌfɑˑðɚ]",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-grandfather.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-uk-grandfather.ogg/En-uk-grandfather.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-uk-grandfather.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grandfather.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/En-us-grandfather.ogg/En-us-grandfather.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/En-us-grandfather.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-grandfather.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2b/En-au-grandfather.ogg/En-au-grandfather.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/En-au-grandfather.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "grănd′fä'''th''ər"
}
],
"word": "grandfather"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"en:Male family members"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "grandfathering"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grandfather clause"
},
"expansion": "grandfather clause",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clause"
},
"expansion": "clause",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From grandfather clause: see grandfather (etymology 1) and clause.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grandfathers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grandfathering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grandfathered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grandfathered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grandfather (third-person singular simple present grandfathers, present participle grandfathering, simple past and past participle grandfathered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"grand‧fa‧ther"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Law"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2009 June 19, David Migoya, “Arvada homes haunted by past due code violations”, in The Denver Post, Denver, Colo.: Digital First Media, published 6 May 2016 (update), →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-12-03",
"text": "Had the original work been permitted, it would be grandfathered into any code changes each time they occurred, Arvada officials said. The latest came in 2006.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 October 22, Alan Greenblatt, “The Racial History of the Grandfather Clause”, in NPR, archived from the original on 2019-03-30",
"text": "Old power plants are sometimes grandfathered from having to meet new clean air requirements.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 October 22, Alan Greenblatt, “The Racial History of the Grandfather Clause”, in NPR, archived from the original on 2019-03-30",
"text": "In 1915, the Supreme Court ruled unanimously in Guinn v. United States that grandfather clauses were unconstitutional. […] The decision had almost no effect, however. The Oklahoma Legislature met in special session to grandfather in the grandfather clause. The new law said those who had been registered in 1914 – whites under the old system – were automatically registered to vote, while African-Americans could only register between April 30 and May 11, 1916, or forever be disenfranchised. That law stayed on the books until a Supreme Court ruling in 1939.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Matthew J. Fullana, Gary E. Wnek, “History of Techniques and Materials Used in Volume Enhancement”, in Charles K. Herman, Berish Strauch, editors, Encyclopedia of Aesthetic Rejuvenation through Volume Enhancement, New York, N.Y.: Thieme Medical Publishers, section 2.5.1 (Silicone Breast Implants), page 12",
"text": "With the signing of the Medical Devices Amendment to the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic in 1976, the FDA [Food and Drug Administration] gained regulatory authority over [breast] implants, but the existing Cronin-Gerow implants were grandfathered, making them exempt from the new legislation.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014 July 14, Associated Press, “Army: Soldier grandfathered in under tattoo policy”, in The Washington Times, Washington, D.C.: The Washington Times, LLC, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2014-07-15",
"text": "The U.S. Army says a Kentucky National Guard soldier with aspirations of joining a U.S. Army special operations unit is grandfathered in under new regulations concerning soldiers with tattoos and asked a federal judge to dismiss his lawsuit. […] The regulations went into effect in March and ban tattoos below the knee or elbow. Soldiers who already have the ink are grandfathered in. Under the new regulations, any soldier with tattoos is barred from seeking a promotion to warrant officer or commissioning as an officer.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2017 November, “Annex B: Guidance on Closing Off of Regimes and Grandfathering for non-IP Regimes”, in Harmful Tax Practices – 2017 Progress Report on Preferential Regimes: Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 5 (OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifing Project), Paris: OECD Publishing, →DOI, →ISSN, page 27",
"text": "In practice, most of the regimes reviewed by the FHTP [Forum on Harmful Tax Practices] during its early years and which were abolished were either terminated without grandfathering or included grandfathering within this maximum five-year period.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To retain discontinued laws or rules for (an object, individual or organization previously affected by them)."
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"retain",
"retain"
],
[
"discontinue",
"discontinue"
],
[
"law",
"law"
],
[
"rules",
"rule#Noun"
],
[
"object",
"object"
],
[
"individual",
"individual"
],
[
"organization",
"organization"
],
[
"affected",
"affect#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, chiefly US, law) To retain discontinued laws or rules for (an object, individual or organization previously affected by them)."
],
"senseid": [
"en:law"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grandfather in"
}
],
"tags": [
"US",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑːðə(r)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹændˌfɑːðə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑðɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡɹ̠(ʷ)ẽˑə̯̃n(d)ˌfɑˑðɚ]",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-grandfather.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-uk-grandfather.ogg/En-uk-grandfather.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-uk-grandfather.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grandfather.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/En-us-grandfather.ogg/En-us-grandfather.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/En-us-grandfather.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-grandfather.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2b/En-au-grandfather.ogg/En-au-grandfather.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/En-au-grandfather.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "grănd′fä'''th''ər"
}
],
"word": "grandfather"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": dadu vs. ṭhakurda",
"path": [
"grandfather"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "grandfather",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": a-kong vs. zh-min-nan",
"path": [
"grandfather"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "grandfather",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.