See -'s in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -'s meaning in English (21.8kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "-스",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 스 (-seu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 스 (-seu)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-es"
},
"expansion": "-es",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-es",
"4": "",
"5": "-'s",
"pos": "masculine and neuter genitive singular ending"
},
"expansion": "Old English -es (“-'s”, masculine and neuter genitive singular ending)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-as"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-as",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-is",
"pos": "masculine and neuter genitive singular ending"
},
"expansion": "*-is (masculine and neuter genitive singular ending)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -s",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-es",
"3": "",
"4": "-'s"
},
"expansion": "-es (“-'s”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "German -s",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-es",
"3": "",
"4": "-'s"
},
"expansion": "-es (“-'s”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Danish -s",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-es",
"3": "",
"4": "-'s"
},
"expansion": "-es (“-'s”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-s",
"3": "",
"4": "-'s"
},
"expansion": "Swedish -s (“-'s”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "-s",
"3": "",
"4": "-'s"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian -s (“-'s”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "-s",
"3": "",
"4": "-'s"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic -s (“-'s”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -s, -es, from Old English -es (“-'s”, masculine and neuter genitive singular ending), from Proto-Germanic *-as, *-is (masculine and neuter genitive singular ending). Cognate with Dutch -s, -es (“-'s”), German -s, -es (“-'s”), Danish -s, -es (“-'s”), Swedish -s (“-'s”), Norwegian -s (“-'s”), Icelandic -s (“-'s”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "unproductive suffixes",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-'s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "unproductive suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-'s",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 4 10 5 10 17 15 11 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English clitics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Jane's house is bigger than Sarah's.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The cat bit the dog’s tail. (the dog + ’s)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The cat bit the dog with the shaggy fur’s tail. (the dog with the shaggy fur + ’s)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "women’s contributions to science",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2012 April 15, Phil McNulty, “Tottenham 1-5 Chelsea”, in BBC",
"text": "Before kick-off, a section of Chelsea’s support sadly let themselves and their club down by noisily interrupting the silence held in memory of the Hillsborough disaster and for Livorno midfielder Piermario Morosini, who collapsed and died after suffering a heart attack during a Serie B game on Saturday.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Possessive marker, indicating that an object belongs to the noun or noun phrase bearing the marker."
],
"id": "en--'s-en-suffix-en:possessive",
"senseid": [
"en:possessive"
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "se"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"note": "genitive construction is used - the thing owned is followed by the owner in the genitive case - (إضافَة iḍāfa)",
"sense": "possessive marker"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"-i"
],
"word": "-ի"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "-yi",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-յի"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "bn",
"english": "if the thing ends with a consonant",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "-er",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-এর"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "bn",
"english": "if the thing ends with a vowel",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "-ro",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-র"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"roman": "na",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "на"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "e",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "၏"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "ge³",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"vernacular"
],
"word": "嘅"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "dik¹",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "的"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "yue",
"english": "classical",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "zi¹",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "之"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "de",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "的"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "cmn",
"english": "classical",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhī",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "之"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-ův"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-in"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "-s"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "de"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"suffix"
],
"word": "-n"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "de"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "des m or n der f (genitive, after the thing owned and before the owner, or before the owner and the thing owned)",
"sense": "possessive marker"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "von (after the thing owned and before the owner with dative)",
"sense": "possessive marker"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "gmw-ecg",
"lang": "Silesian German",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "gmw-ecg",
"english": "by words ending with r",
"lang": "Silesian German",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-sch"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "tou",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "του"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "tis",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "της"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"roman": "ton",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "των"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kā",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "का"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ke",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "के"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kī",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "की"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kī",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "की"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"predicative"
],
"word": "-é"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "-a/-e/-ja/-je (suffix on the thing owned)",
"sense": "possessive marker"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "di"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "no",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "の"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "ja",
"english": "literary or Kagoshima",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ga",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "が"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "ja",
"english": "archaic or obsolete",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tsu",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "つ"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "n",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "ん"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"roman": "nɨy",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "នៃ"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ui",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "의"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"roman": "khǭng",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "ຂອງ"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"note": "(genitive case of the owner)",
"sense": "possessive marker"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"note": "optional, after the thing owned and before the owner",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "milik"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "nap",
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "'e"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"note": "til (after the thing owned and before the owner, his genitive)",
"sense": "possessive marker"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"note": "ezafe (اضافه (ezâfe)) is used",
"sense": "possessive marker"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"note": "a Persian grammatical construct",
"sense": "possessive marker"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "de"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ov",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ов"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ev",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ев"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-jóv",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ёв"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-in",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ин"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-yn",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ын"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "(genitive case of the owner after the thing owned)",
"sense": "possessive marker"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "ams",
"lang": "Southern Amami-Oshima",
"roman": "na",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "な"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "de"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"roman": "kɔ̌ɔng",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "ของ"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-'nin"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-'nun"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-'nın"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kā",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "کا"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "ke",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "کے"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kī",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "کی"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kī",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "کی"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "của"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "fan"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 2 2 3 4 14",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "-'s"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "We’re going to Luigi’s for dinner tonight. — that is, “Luigi’s house” or “Luigi’s restaurant”",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I'm going to the butcher’s for a steak.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I bought it at Tesco’s. (see s-form)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "greengrocer’s"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In the absence of a specified object, used to indicate “the house/place/establishment of”."
],
"id": "en--'s-en-suffix-qoiNaId9",
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 1 1 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "the house/place/establishment of",
"word": "hos"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 1 1 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the house/place/establishment of",
"word": "bij"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 1 1 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the house/place/establishment of",
"word": "chez"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 1 1 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "the house/place/establishment of",
"word": "אצל"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 1 1 4",
"code": "hu",
"english": "someone’s family/house/place",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the house/place/establishment of",
"word": "-ék"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 1 1 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "-s/-os/-as/-es/-ös (menders, sellers, and craftspeople like órás, újságos, fazekas, zöldséges, pedikűrös)",
"sense": "the house/place/establishment of"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 1 1 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the house/place/establishment of",
"word": "da"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 1 1 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "Expressed by dative case",
"sense": "the house/place/establishment of"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 4 10 5 10 17 15 11 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English clitics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "You need a driver’s licence.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "These are popular boy’s T-shirts.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Alex can be a girl’s name.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "That's a girl’s toy. (A toy intended for use by girls.) — Homographic to: That's a girl’s toy. (The toy of a specific girl.)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "people’s"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Indicates a purpose or a user."
],
"id": "en--'s-en-suffix-CHMSSKBE",
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I took three weeks' holiday.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The rocks lay at about a mile's distance from the shore.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to indicate a quantity of something, especially of time."
],
"id": "en--'s-en-suffix-iFLEGL2x",
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 4 10 5 10 17 15 11 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English clitics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the doctor's help (help provided by the doctor)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "the King's capture (event of the King being captured)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "my father's portrait (portrait depicting my father)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to indicate various other kinds of relationship, such as source or origin, object of an action, subject depicted, etc."
],
"id": "en--'s-en-suffix-N8t0OFsV",
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 4 10 5 10 17 15 11 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English clitics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 2 8 2 8 39 8 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 3 10 3 9 28 11 8 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 12 9 3 6 4 8 13 8 6 8 2 1 6 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Attached to a noun or noun phrase linked to a genitive of, forming a double genitive."
],
"id": "en--'s-en-suffix-PuHfH0QW",
"links": [
[
"of",
"of#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(see usage notes) Attached to a noun or noun phrase linked to a genitive of, forming a double genitive."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/",
"note": "after voiceless consonants except /s/, /ʃ/, /t͡ʃ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪz/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əz/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əz/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/z/",
"note": "elsewhere"
},
{
"homophone": "-s"
},
{
"enpr": "s",
"note": "elsewhere"
},
{
"enpr": "ĭz",
"note": "elsewhere"
},
{
"enpr": "əz",
"note": "elsewhere"
},
{
"enpr": "z",
"note": "elsewhere"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "genitival interfix",
"word": "-s-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "of"
}
],
"word": "-'s"
}
{
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 47 53",
"word": "-'d"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Equivalent to -s, with addition of apostrophe.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "unproductive suffixes",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-'s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "unproductive suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-'s",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 47 53",
"word": "its"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 47 53",
"word": "it’s"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 47 53",
"word": "let’s"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 47 53",
"word": "greengrocer’s apostrophe"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 4 10 5 10 17 15 11 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English clitics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "There are four 3’s in my phone number.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "“Banana” has three a’s and one b. (apostrophe \"s\" used so that the plural of “a” is not confused with the word “as”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "You can buy CD’s in that shop.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "These are the do’s and don’ts. (apostrophe \"s\" used as “dos” may be misread)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "10’s; 100’s; A+’s; A.U.’s; don’t’s; s’s"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the plurals of numerals, letters, some abbreviations and some nouns, usually because the omission of an apostrophe would make the meaning unclear or ambiguous."
],
"id": "en--'s-en-suffix-gGu97AUb",
"links": [
[
"numeral",
"numeral"
],
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"abbreviation",
"abbreviation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes proscribed) Used to form the plurals of numerals, letters, some abbreviations and some nouns, usually because the omission of an apostrophe would make the meaning unclear or ambiguous."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"proscribed",
"sometimes"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 4 10 5 10 17 15 11 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English clitics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "index’s"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form plurals of foreign words, to clarify pronunciation, such as “banana’s” or “pasta’s”."
],
"id": "en--'s-en-suffix-23TWsZJG",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Used to form plurals of foreign words, to clarify pronunciation, such as “banana’s” or “pasta’s”."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 4 10 5 10 17 15 11 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English clitics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Apple’s 50p a pound",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the plural of nouns that correctly take just an \"s\" in the plural. See greengrocer’s apostrophe."
],
"id": "en--'s-en-suffix-qj6tyUh5",
"links": [
[
"greengrocer’s apostrophe",
"greengrocer's apostrophe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(proscribed) Used to form the plural of nouns that correctly take just an \"s\" in the plural. See greengrocer’s apostrophe."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"proscribed"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/",
"note": "after voiceless consonants except /s/, /ʃ/, /t͡ʃ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪz/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əz/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əz/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/z/",
"note": "elsewhere"
},
{
"homophone": "-s"
},
{
"enpr": "s",
"note": "elsewhere"
},
{
"enpr": "ĭz",
"note": "elsewhere"
},
{
"enpr": "əz",
"note": "elsewhere"
},
{
"enpr": "z",
"note": "elsewhere"
}
],
"word": "-'s"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English clitics",
"English contractions",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English inflectional suffixes",
"English lemmas",
"English suffixes",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with homophones",
"English terms with redundant sortkeys",
"English unproductive suffixes",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "-스",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 스 (-seu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 스 (-seu)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-es"
},
"expansion": "-es",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-es",
"4": "",
"5": "-'s",
"pos": "masculine and neuter genitive singular ending"
},
"expansion": "Old English -es (“-'s”, masculine and neuter genitive singular ending)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-as"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-as",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-is",
"pos": "masculine and neuter genitive singular ending"
},
"expansion": "*-is (masculine and neuter genitive singular ending)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -s",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-es",
"3": "",
"4": "-'s"
},
"expansion": "-es (“-'s”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "German -s",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-es",
"3": "",
"4": "-'s"
},
"expansion": "-es (“-'s”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Danish -s",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-es",
"3": "",
"4": "-'s"
},
"expansion": "-es (“-'s”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-s",
"3": "",
"4": "-'s"
},
"expansion": "Swedish -s (“-'s”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "-s",
"3": "",
"4": "-'s"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian -s (“-'s”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "-s",
"3": "",
"4": "-'s"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic -s (“-'s”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -s, -es, from Old English -es (“-'s”, masculine and neuter genitive singular ending), from Proto-Germanic *-as, *-is (masculine and neuter genitive singular ending). Cognate with Dutch -s, -es (“-'s”), German -s, -es (“-'s”), Danish -s, -es (“-'s”), Swedish -s (“-'s”), Norwegian -s (“-'s”), Icelandic -s (“-'s”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "unproductive suffixes",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-'s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "unproductive suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-'s",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Jane's house is bigger than Sarah's.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The cat bit the dog’s tail. (the dog + ’s)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The cat bit the dog with the shaggy fur’s tail. (the dog with the shaggy fur + ’s)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "women’s contributions to science",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2012 April 15, Phil McNulty, “Tottenham 1-5 Chelsea”, in BBC",
"text": "Before kick-off, a section of Chelsea’s support sadly let themselves and their club down by noisily interrupting the silence held in memory of the Hillsborough disaster and for Livorno midfielder Piermario Morosini, who collapsed and died after suffering a heart attack during a Serie B game on Saturday.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Possessive marker, indicating that an object belongs to the noun or noun phrase bearing the marker."
],
"senseid": [
"en:possessive"
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "We’re going to Luigi’s for dinner tonight. — that is, “Luigi’s house” or “Luigi’s restaurant”",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I'm going to the butcher’s for a steak.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I bought it at Tesco’s. (see s-form)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "greengrocer’s"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In the absence of a specified object, used to indicate “the house/place/establishment of”."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "You need a driver’s licence.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "These are popular boy’s T-shirts.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Alex can be a girl’s name.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "That's a girl’s toy. (A toy intended for use by girls.) — Homographic to: That's a girl’s toy. (The toy of a specific girl.)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "people’s"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Indicates a purpose or a user."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I took three weeks' holiday.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The rocks lay at about a mile's distance from the shore.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to indicate a quantity of something, especially of time."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the doctor's help (help provided by the doctor)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "the King's capture (event of the King being captured)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "my father's portrait (portrait depicting my father)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to indicate various other kinds of relationship, such as source or origin, object of an action, subject depicted, etc."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Attached to a noun or noun phrase linked to a genitive of, forming a double genitive."
],
"links": [
[
"of",
"of#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(see usage notes) Attached to a noun or noun phrase linked to a genitive of, forming a double genitive."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/",
"note": "after voiceless consonants except /s/, /ʃ/, /t͡ʃ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪz/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əz/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əz/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/z/",
"note": "elsewhere"
},
{
"homophone": "-s"
},
{
"enpr": "s",
"note": "elsewhere"
},
{
"enpr": "ĭz",
"note": "elsewhere"
},
{
"enpr": "əz",
"note": "elsewhere"
},
{
"enpr": "z",
"note": "elsewhere"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-s"
},
{
"alt": "genitival interfix",
"word": "-s-"
},
{
"word": "of"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "se"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"note": "genitive construction is used - the thing owned is followed by the owner in the genitive case - (إضافَة iḍāfa)",
"sense": "possessive marker"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"-i"
],
"word": "-ի"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "-yi",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-յի"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"english": "if the thing ends with a consonant",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "-er",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-এর"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"english": "if the thing ends with a vowel",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "-ro",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-র"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"roman": "na",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "на"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "e",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "၏"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "ge³",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"vernacular"
],
"word": "嘅"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "dik¹",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "的"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"english": "classical",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "zi¹",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "之"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "de",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "的"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"english": "classical",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhī",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "之"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-ův"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-in"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "-s"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "de"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"suffix"
],
"word": "-n"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "de"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "des m or n der f (genitive, after the thing owned and before the owner, or before the owner and the thing owned)",
"sense": "possessive marker"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "von (after the thing owned and before the owner with dative)",
"sense": "possessive marker"
},
{
"code": "gmw-ecg",
"lang": "Silesian German",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"code": "gmw-ecg",
"english": "by words ending with r",
"lang": "Silesian German",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-sch"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "tou",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "του"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "tis",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "της"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"roman": "ton",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "των"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kā",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "का"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ke",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "के"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kī",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "की"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kī",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "की"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"predicative"
],
"word": "-é"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "-a/-e/-ja/-je (suffix on the thing owned)",
"sense": "possessive marker"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "di"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "no",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "の"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"english": "literary or Kagoshima",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ga",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "が"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"english": "archaic or obsolete",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tsu",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "つ"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "n",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "ん"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"roman": "nɨy",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "នៃ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ui",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "의"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"roman": "khǭng",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "ຂອງ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"note": "(genitive case of the owner)",
"sense": "possessive marker"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"note": "optional, after the thing owned and before the owner",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "milik"
},
{
"code": "nap",
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "'e"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"note": "til (after the thing owned and before the owner, his genitive)",
"sense": "possessive marker"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"note": "ezafe (اضافه (ezâfe)) is used",
"sense": "possessive marker"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"note": "a Persian grammatical construct",
"sense": "possessive marker"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "de"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ov",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ов"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ev",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ев"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-jóv",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ёв"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-in",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ин"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-yn",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ын"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "(genitive case of the owner after the thing owned)",
"sense": "possessive marker"
},
{
"code": "ams",
"lang": "Southern Amami-Oshima",
"roman": "na",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "な"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "de"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"roman": "kɔ̌ɔng",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "ของ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-'nin"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-'nun"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "-'nın"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kā",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "کا"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "ke",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "کے"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kī",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "کی"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kī",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "کی"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "của"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"note": "after the thing owned and before the owner",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"word": "fan"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "possessive marker",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "-'s"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "the house/place/establishment of",
"word": "hos"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the house/place/establishment of",
"word": "bij"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the house/place/establishment of",
"word": "chez"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "the house/place/establishment of",
"word": "אצל"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"english": "someone’s family/house/place",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the house/place/establishment of",
"word": "-ék"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "-s/-os/-as/-es/-ös (menders, sellers, and craftspeople like órás, újságos, fazekas, zöldséges, pedikűrös)",
"sense": "the house/place/establishment of"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the house/place/establishment of",
"word": "da"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "Expressed by dative case",
"sense": "the house/place/establishment of"
}
],
"word": "-'s"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English clitics",
"English contractions",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English inflectional suffixes",
"English lemmas",
"English suffixes",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with homophones",
"English terms with redundant sortkeys",
"English unproductive suffixes",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "-'d"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Equivalent to -s, with addition of apostrophe.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "unproductive suffixes",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-'s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "unproductive suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-'s",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "its"
},
{
"word": "it’s"
},
{
"word": "let’s"
},
{
"word": "greengrocer’s apostrophe"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English proscribed terms",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "There are four 3’s in my phone number.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "“Banana” has three a’s and one b. (apostrophe \"s\" used so that the plural of “a” is not confused with the word “as”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "You can buy CD’s in that shop.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "These are the do’s and don’ts. (apostrophe \"s\" used as “dos” may be misread)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "10’s; 100’s; A+’s; A.U.’s; don’t’s; s’s"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the plurals of numerals, letters, some abbreviations and some nouns, usually because the omission of an apostrophe would make the meaning unclear or ambiguous."
],
"links": [
[
"numeral",
"numeral"
],
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"abbreviation",
"abbreviation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes proscribed) Used to form the plurals of numerals, letters, some abbreviations and some nouns, usually because the omission of an apostrophe would make the meaning unclear or ambiguous."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"proscribed",
"sometimes"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "index’s"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form plurals of foreign words, to clarify pronunciation, such as “banana’s” or “pasta’s”."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Used to form plurals of foreign words, to clarify pronunciation, such as “banana’s” or “pasta’s”."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English proscribed terms",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Apple’s 50p a pound",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the plural of nouns that correctly take just an \"s\" in the plural. See greengrocer’s apostrophe."
],
"links": [
[
"greengrocer’s apostrophe",
"greengrocer's apostrophe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(proscribed) Used to form the plural of nouns that correctly take just an \"s\" in the plural. See greengrocer’s apostrophe."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"proscribed"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/",
"note": "after voiceless consonants except /s/, /ʃ/, /t͡ʃ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪz/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əz/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əz/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/z/",
"note": "elsewhere"
},
{
"homophone": "-s"
},
{
"enpr": "s",
"note": "elsewhere"
},
{
"enpr": "ĭz",
"note": "elsewhere"
},
{
"enpr": "əz",
"note": "elsewhere"
},
{
"enpr": "z",
"note": "elsewhere"
}
],
"word": "-'s"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (0b52755 and 5cb0836). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.