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{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂en-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*na",
"id": "auf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *na",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *na.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "на • (na)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Sofia is the capital of Bulgaria.",
"roman": "Sofija e stolicata na Bǎlgarija.",
"text": "София е столицата на България.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "my father's house",
"roman": "kǎštata na bašta mi",
"text": "къщата на баща ми",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to express possession, of, 's"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-hw-ysuI8",
"links": [
[
"of",
"of#Preposition"
],
[
"'s",
"'s#Particle"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 6 4 5 3 2 4 4 7 4 2 6 2 3 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 3 4 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Give it to Peter.",
"roman": "Daj go na Petǎr.",
"text": "Дай го на Петър.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Give Peter a book.",
"roman": "Daj na Petǎr edna kniga.",
"text": "Дай на Петър една книга.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate the indirect object, to (or it's not translated)"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-bHm4xxnB",
"links": [
[
"indirect object",
"indirect object#English"
],
[
"to",
"to#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the arrival of the guests",
"roman": "pristiganeto na gostite",
"text": "пристигането на гостите",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the outbreak of the war",
"roman": "izbuhvaneto na vojnata",
"text": "избухването на войната",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used with nouns formed from intransitive verbs to indicate the subject of the action, of"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-5pLvHHR3",
"links": [
[
"of",
"of#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the reading of the book",
"roman": "četeneto na knigata",
"text": "четенето на книгата",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the invention of the computer",
"roman": "izobretjavaneto na kompjutǎra",
"text": "изобретяването на компютъра",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used with nouns formed from transitive verbs to indicate the direct object of the action, of"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-1p3U6YKu",
"links": [
[
"of",
"of#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "His breath smelt of garlic.",
"roman": "Dǎhǎt mu mirišeše na česǎn.",
"text": "Дъхът му миришеше на чесън.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Our experience as refugees taught us many valuable lessons.",
"roman": "Opitǎt ni na bežanci ni nauči na mnogo cenni uroci.",
"text": "Опитът ни на бежанци ни научи на много ценни уроци.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used with some verbs such as уча, мириша, etc. to give a description of the action"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-oymCsIRM",
"links": [
[
"уча",
"уча#English"
],
[
"мириша",
"мириша#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The book is on the table.",
"roman": "Knigata e na masata.",
"text": "Книгата е на масата.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in the yard",
"roman": "na dvora",
"text": "на двора",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "at the seaside",
"roman": "na more",
"text": "на море",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in the mountain",
"roman": "na planina",
"text": "на планина",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "at a wedding",
"roman": "na svatba",
"text": "на сватба",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in the north",
"roman": "na sever",
"text": "на север",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in the street",
"roman": "na ulicata",
"text": "на улицата",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be at school",
"roman": "na učilište sǎm",
"text": "на училище съм",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to sit at the table",
"roman": "sedja na masata",
"text": "седя на масата",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"positioned at the upper surface of, within the limits of, on, on, at, in"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-0Hyfsz0n",
"links": [
[
"on",
"on#Preposition"
],
[
"on",
"upon#Preposition"
],
[
"at",
"at#Preposition"
],
[
"in",
"in#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I'm going to the beach.",
"roman": "Otivam na plaža.",
"text": "Отивам на плажа.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "on the left/right",
"roman": "na ljavo/djasno",
"text": "на ляво/дясно",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to show direction, to, on"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-wbIDwF4R",
"links": [
[
"to",
"to#Preposition"
],
[
"on",
"on#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to go to school",
"roman": "otivam na učilište",
"text": "отивам на училище",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to go to work",
"roman": "otivam na rabota",
"text": "отивам на работа",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to go on a holiday",
"roman": "otivam na počivka",
"text": "отивам на почивка",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to go for a walk",
"roman": "otivam na razhodka",
"text": "отивам на разходка",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to go hunting/fishing/skiing/shopping",
"roman": "hodja na lov/riba/ski/pokupki",
"text": "ходя на лов/риба/ски/покупки",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate destination, in the direction of, and arriving at, on, to, for"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-AS~it5Gd",
"links": [
[
"on",
"on#Preposition"
],
[
"to",
"to#Preposition"
],
[
"for",
"for#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 6 1 4 8 8 1 0 1 6 12 1 3 8 3 4 1 2 1 4 4 1 1 1 2 1 2 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 1 4 9 9 1 0 2 7 12 2 3 9 3 4 1 2 1 3 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 6 4 5 3 2 4 4 7 4 2 6 2 3 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 3 4 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It looks like rain.",
"roman": "Vremeto e na dǎžd.",
"text": "Времето е на дъжд.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The wind is blowing like spring is coming.",
"roman": "Vjatǎrǎt duha na prolet.",
"text": "Вятърът духа на пролет.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to love stubbornly",
"roman": "da običaš na inat",
"text": "да обичаш на инат",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to introduce a noun phrase that describes the verb, or if it is a linking verb, to describe the subject of the verb"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-1ZW~O635"
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "We gathered for dinner.",
"roman": "Sǎbrahme se na večerja.",
"text": "Събрахме се на вечеря.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I took my bike in for repair.",
"roman": "Zanesoh koleloto si na popravka.",
"text": "Занесох колелото си на поправка.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to show a reason or cause, for"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-f5NWoEXv",
"links": [
[
"for",
"for#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Born on 4 July.",
"roman": "Roden na 4 juli.",
"text": "Роден на 4 юли.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I had an exam (on) the following day.",
"roman": "Na sledvaštija den imah izpit.",
"text": "На следващия ден имах изпит.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I had a terrible hangover in the morning.",
"roman": "Na sutrinta imah užasen mahmurluk.",
"text": "На сутринта имах ужасен махмурлук.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "at sunset",
"roman": "na zalez slǎnce",
"text": "на залез слънце",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "immediately/at once",
"roman": "na časa",
"text": "на часа",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used with certain time expressions to show when something happens, on, at, in (or it is not translated)"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-XnFX1izR",
"links": [
[
"on",
"on#Preposition"
],
[
"at",
"at#Preposition"
],
[
"in",
"in#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "While she was leaving, she looked at him once more.",
"roman": "Na trǎgvane go pogledna ošte vednǎž.",
"text": "На тръгване го погледна още веднъж.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "When we were coming back we took a shortcut.",
"roman": "Na vrǎštane minahme po po-kratǎk pǎt.",
"text": "На връщане минахме по по-кратък път.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to introduce a verbal noun and to indicate that the action described by the verbal noun happens at the same time as another action, while, when"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-82rkQx0s",
"links": [
[
"while",
"while#Conjunction"
],
[
"when",
"when#Conjunction"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "from time to time",
"roman": "ot vreme na vreme",
"text": "от време на време",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "from day to day",
"roman": "ot den na den",
"text": "от ден на ден",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used with от to indicate the period over which something happens, to"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep---1N0NmQ",
"links": [
[
"от",
"от#Bulgarian"
],
[
"to",
"to#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to sleep with the light on",
"roman": "spja na zapalena lampa",
"text": "спя на запалена лампа",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to stay in a cold/warm place",
"roman": "stoja na studeno/toplo",
"text": "стоя на студено/топло",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to show the circumstances under which something happens, with, in"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-k1bM~2au",
"links": [
[
"with",
"with#Preposition"
],
[
"in",
"in#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "She is 12 years old.",
"roman": "Tja e na 12 godini.",
"text": "Тя е на 12 години.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "He got married at 28.",
"roman": "Toj se oženi na 28.",
"text": "Той се ожени на 28.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "at the age of 20",
"roman": "na 20-godišna vǎzrast",
"text": "на 20-годишна възраст",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to show age, at"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-AJ9aFtS-",
"links": [
[
"at",
"at#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "at arm's length",
"roman": "na edna rǎka razstojanie",
"text": "на една ръка разстояние",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "He was standing a few metres away from me.",
"roman": "Toj stoeše na njakolko metra ot men.",
"text": "Той стоеше на няколко метра от мен.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate the distance away from something, at (or it is not translated)"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-1J3oPa7s",
"links": [
[
"at",
"at#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to sell by the metre/litre",
"roman": "prodavam na metǎr/litǎr",
"text": "продавам на метър/литър",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to work by the piece",
"roman": "rabotja na parče",
"text": "работя на парче",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate the quantity used for buying, selling or measuring something, by"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-oCimglIH",
"links": [
[
"by",
"by#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It is easy to invert a 2 by 2 matrix.",
"roman": "Lesno e da obǎrneš 2 na 2 matrica.",
"text": "Лесно е да обърнеш 2 на 2 матрица.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The room was about 4 feet by 6 feet.",
"roman": "Stajata beše okolo 4 na 6 futa.",
"text": "Стаята беше около 4 на 6 фута.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "We used 10 by 20 by 30 cm bricks to build the wall.",
"roman": "Izpolzvahme 10 na 20 na 30 santimetrovi tuhli, za da postroim stanata.",
"text": "Използвахме 10 на 20 на 30 сантиметрови тухли, за да построим станата.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to separate dimensions when describing the size of something, by"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-tOO1qOmk",
"links": [
[
"by",
"by#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "twice a day/mouth/year",
"roman": "dva pǎti na den/mesec/godina",
"text": "два пъти на ден/месец/година",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "per capita/head",
"roman": "na glava",
"text": "на глава",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "They are paid by the hour.",
"roman": "Plaštat im na čas.",
"text": "Плащат им на час.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "for five levs each/apiece/per head",
"roman": "po pet leva na čovek",
"text": "по пет лева на човек",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate the rate at which something happens, per, by, a"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-Sr60huca",
"links": [
[
"per",
"per#Preposition"
],
[
"by",
"by#Preposition"
],
[
"a",
"a#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to divide in two",
"roman": "razdeljam na dve",
"text": "разделям на две",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to cut into pieces",
"roman": "reža na parčeta",
"text": "режа на парчета",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "6 divided by 2 equals 3.",
"roman": "6 deleno na 2 pravi 3.",
"text": "6 делено на 2 прави 3.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate the parts into which something is divided, in, into, by"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-978dSGfl",
"links": [
[
"in",
"in#Preposition"
],
[
"into",
"into#Preposition"
],
[
"by",
"by#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The students arrived in small groups.",
"roman": "Učenicite pristignaha na malki grupi.",
"text": "Учениците пристигнаха на малки групи.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "on one's bare skin/next to the skin",
"roman": "na golo",
"text": "на голо",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in practice",
"roman": "na delo",
"text": "на дело",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in theory",
"roman": "na teorija",
"text": "на теория",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "by hand",
"roman": "na rǎka",
"text": "на ръка",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "на дребно ― na drebno ― retail",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "wholesale",
"roman": "na edro",
"text": "на едро",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "crosswise",
"roman": "na krǎst",
"text": "на кръст",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "for fun",
"roman": "na šega",
"text": "на шега",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to show how or in what way something is done, by, in"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-oTUHqYc3",
"links": [
[
"by",
"by#Preposition"
],
[
"in",
"in#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to turn into dust",
"roman": "stavam na prah",
"text": "ставам на прах",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to break into pieces",
"roman": "sčupvam se na parčeta",
"text": "счупвам се на парчета",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to impersonate someone",
"roman": "prestruvam se na njakogo",
"text": "преструвам се на някого",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to feign illness",
"roman": "pravja se na bolen",
"text": "правя се на болен",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate a change in state, to, into"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-G4TzzDqN",
"links": [
[
"to",
"to#Preposition"
],
[
"into",
"into#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to run/operate a machine",
"roman": "rabotja na mašina",
"text": "работя на машина",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to play (on) the piano",
"roman": "svirja na piano",
"text": "свиря на пиано",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to tell a fortune using cards",
"roman": "gledam na karti",
"text": "гледам на карти",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to tell a fortune using coffee",
"roman": "gledam na kafe",
"text": "гледам на кафе",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to count on one's fingers",
"roman": "broja na prǎsti",
"text": "броя на пръсти",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate an instrument"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-j2uWGWGG"
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to play (at) chess",
"roman": "igraja na šah",
"text": "играя на шах",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate a game"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-iU9alAyL"
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Sumatran tigers are near extinction.",
"roman": "Sumatranskite tigri sa na izčezvane.",
"text": "Суматранските тигри са на изчезване.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Our supplies are running low.",
"roman": "Pripasite ni sa na svǎršvane.",
"text": "Припасите ни са на свършване.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"near, close to"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-HmFC5pEm",
"links": [
[
"near",
"near#Preposition"
],
[
"close to",
"close to#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Say it in English.",
"roman": "Kaži go na anglijski.",
"text": "Кажи го на английски.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "He spoke in a loud voice.",
"roman": "Toj govoreše na visok glas.",
"text": "Той говореше на висок глас.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate a language, a way of speaking, etc., in"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-prep-Uzr3Rn6P",
"links": [
[
"in",
"in#Preposition"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[na]",
"tags": [
"stressed"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[na]",
"tags": [
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7918 (bul)-Kiril kovachev-на.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%BD%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%BD%D0%B0.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%BD%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%BD%D0%B0.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"stressed"
],
"text": "Audio (stressed)"
}
],
"word": "на"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*na",
"id": "hya"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *na",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *na.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "на • (na)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Take the money!",
"roman": "Na ti parite!",
"text": "На ти парите!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Take that!",
"roman": "Na ti!",
"text": "На ти!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used when giving something to someone, here you are, take it"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-particle-89PkOYGx",
"links": [
[
"here you are",
"here you are#English"
],
[
"take it",
"take#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) used when giving something to someone, here you are, take it"
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Говорим за Мария и на — тя насреща.\nGovorim za Marija i na — tja nasrešta.\nSpeaking of Maria — here she is.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to express unexpectedness"
],
"id": "en-на-bg-particle-q8NHSdY6",
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) used to express unexpectedness"
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[na]"
}
],
"word": "на"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bulgarian lemmas",
"Bulgarian particles",
"Bulgarian prepositions",
"Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en-",
"Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Bulgarian terms with audio links"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂en-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*na",
"id": "auf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *na",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *na.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "на • (na)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Sofia is the capital of Bulgaria.",
"roman": "Sofija e stolicata na Bǎlgarija.",
"text": "София е столицата на България.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "my father's house",
"roman": "kǎštata na bašta mi",
"text": "къщата на баща ми",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to express possession, of, 's"
],
"links": [
[
"of",
"of#Preposition"
],
[
"'s",
"'s#Particle"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Give it to Peter.",
"roman": "Daj go na Petǎr.",
"text": "Дай го на Петър.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Give Peter a book.",
"roman": "Daj na Petǎr edna kniga.",
"text": "Дай на Петър една книга.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate the indirect object, to (or it's not translated)"
],
"links": [
[
"indirect object",
"indirect object#English"
],
[
"to",
"to#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the arrival of the guests",
"roman": "pristiganeto na gostite",
"text": "пристигането на гостите",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the outbreak of the war",
"roman": "izbuhvaneto na vojnata",
"text": "избухването на войната",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used with nouns formed from intransitive verbs to indicate the subject of the action, of"
],
"links": [
[
"of",
"of#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the reading of the book",
"roman": "četeneto na knigata",
"text": "четенето на книгата",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the invention of the computer",
"roman": "izobretjavaneto na kompjutǎra",
"text": "изобретяването на компютъра",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used with nouns formed from transitive verbs to indicate the direct object of the action, of"
],
"links": [
[
"of",
"of#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "His breath smelt of garlic.",
"roman": "Dǎhǎt mu mirišeše na česǎn.",
"text": "Дъхът му миришеше на чесън.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Our experience as refugees taught us many valuable lessons.",
"roman": "Opitǎt ni na bežanci ni nauči na mnogo cenni uroci.",
"text": "Опитът ни на бежанци ни научи на много ценни уроци.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used with some verbs such as уча, мириша, etc. to give a description of the action"
],
"links": [
[
"уча",
"уча#English"
],
[
"мириша",
"мириша#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The book is on the table.",
"roman": "Knigata e na masata.",
"text": "Книгата е на масата.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in the yard",
"roman": "na dvora",
"text": "на двора",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "at the seaside",
"roman": "na more",
"text": "на море",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in the mountain",
"roman": "na planina",
"text": "на планина",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "at a wedding",
"roman": "na svatba",
"text": "на сватба",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in the north",
"roman": "na sever",
"text": "на север",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in the street",
"roman": "na ulicata",
"text": "на улицата",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be at school",
"roman": "na učilište sǎm",
"text": "на училище съм",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to sit at the table",
"roman": "sedja na masata",
"text": "седя на масата",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"positioned at the upper surface of, within the limits of, on, on, at, in"
],
"links": [
[
"on",
"on#Preposition"
],
[
"on",
"upon#Preposition"
],
[
"at",
"at#Preposition"
],
[
"in",
"in#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I'm going to the beach.",
"roman": "Otivam na plaža.",
"text": "Отивам на плажа.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "on the left/right",
"roman": "na ljavo/djasno",
"text": "на ляво/дясно",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to show direction, to, on"
],
"links": [
[
"to",
"to#Preposition"
],
[
"on",
"on#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to go to school",
"roman": "otivam na učilište",
"text": "отивам на училище",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to go to work",
"roman": "otivam na rabota",
"text": "отивам на работа",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to go on a holiday",
"roman": "otivam na počivka",
"text": "отивам на почивка",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to go for a walk",
"roman": "otivam na razhodka",
"text": "отивам на разходка",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to go hunting/fishing/skiing/shopping",
"roman": "hodja na lov/riba/ski/pokupki",
"text": "ходя на лов/риба/ски/покупки",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate destination, in the direction of, and arriving at, on, to, for"
],
"links": [
[
"on",
"on#Preposition"
],
[
"to",
"to#Preposition"
],
[
"for",
"for#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It looks like rain.",
"roman": "Vremeto e na dǎžd.",
"text": "Времето е на дъжд.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The wind is blowing like spring is coming.",
"roman": "Vjatǎrǎt duha na prolet.",
"text": "Вятърът духа на пролет.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to love stubbornly",
"roman": "da običaš na inat",
"text": "да обичаш на инат",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to introduce a noun phrase that describes the verb, or if it is a linking verb, to describe the subject of the verb"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "We gathered for dinner.",
"roman": "Sǎbrahme se na večerja.",
"text": "Събрахме се на вечеря.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I took my bike in for repair.",
"roman": "Zanesoh koleloto si na popravka.",
"text": "Занесох колелото си на поправка.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to show a reason or cause, for"
],
"links": [
[
"for",
"for#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Born on 4 July.",
"roman": "Roden na 4 juli.",
"text": "Роден на 4 юли.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I had an exam (on) the following day.",
"roman": "Na sledvaštija den imah izpit.",
"text": "На следващия ден имах изпит.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I had a terrible hangover in the morning.",
"roman": "Na sutrinta imah užasen mahmurluk.",
"text": "На сутринта имах ужасен махмурлук.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "at sunset",
"roman": "na zalez slǎnce",
"text": "на залез слънце",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "immediately/at once",
"roman": "na časa",
"text": "на часа",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used with certain time expressions to show when something happens, on, at, in (or it is not translated)"
],
"links": [
[
"on",
"on#Preposition"
],
[
"at",
"at#Preposition"
],
[
"in",
"in#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "While she was leaving, she looked at him once more.",
"roman": "Na trǎgvane go pogledna ošte vednǎž.",
"text": "На тръгване го погледна още веднъж.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "When we were coming back we took a shortcut.",
"roman": "Na vrǎštane minahme po po-kratǎk pǎt.",
"text": "На връщане минахме по по-кратък път.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to introduce a verbal noun and to indicate that the action described by the verbal noun happens at the same time as another action, while, when"
],
"links": [
[
"while",
"while#Conjunction"
],
[
"when",
"when#Conjunction"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "from time to time",
"roman": "ot vreme na vreme",
"text": "от време на време",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "from day to day",
"roman": "ot den na den",
"text": "от ден на ден",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used with от to indicate the period over which something happens, to"
],
"links": [
[
"от",
"от#Bulgarian"
],
[
"to",
"to#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to sleep with the light on",
"roman": "spja na zapalena lampa",
"text": "спя на запалена лампа",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to stay in a cold/warm place",
"roman": "stoja na studeno/toplo",
"text": "стоя на студено/топло",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to show the circumstances under which something happens, with, in"
],
"links": [
[
"with",
"with#Preposition"
],
[
"in",
"in#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "She is 12 years old.",
"roman": "Tja e na 12 godini.",
"text": "Тя е на 12 години.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "He got married at 28.",
"roman": "Toj se oženi na 28.",
"text": "Той се ожени на 28.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "at the age of 20",
"roman": "na 20-godišna vǎzrast",
"text": "на 20-годишна възраст",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to show age, at"
],
"links": [
[
"at",
"at#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "at arm's length",
"roman": "na edna rǎka razstojanie",
"text": "на една ръка разстояние",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "He was standing a few metres away from me.",
"roman": "Toj stoeše na njakolko metra ot men.",
"text": "Той стоеше на няколко метра от мен.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate the distance away from something, at (or it is not translated)"
],
"links": [
[
"at",
"at#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to sell by the metre/litre",
"roman": "prodavam na metǎr/litǎr",
"text": "продавам на метър/литър",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to work by the piece",
"roman": "rabotja na parče",
"text": "работя на парче",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate the quantity used for buying, selling or measuring something, by"
],
"links": [
[
"by",
"by#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It is easy to invert a 2 by 2 matrix.",
"roman": "Lesno e da obǎrneš 2 na 2 matrica.",
"text": "Лесно е да обърнеш 2 на 2 матрица.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The room was about 4 feet by 6 feet.",
"roman": "Stajata beše okolo 4 na 6 futa.",
"text": "Стаята беше около 4 на 6 фута.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "We used 10 by 20 by 30 cm bricks to build the wall.",
"roman": "Izpolzvahme 10 na 20 na 30 santimetrovi tuhli, za da postroim stanata.",
"text": "Използвахме 10 на 20 на 30 сантиметрови тухли, за да построим станата.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to separate dimensions when describing the size of something, by"
],
"links": [
[
"by",
"by#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "twice a day/mouth/year",
"roman": "dva pǎti na den/mesec/godina",
"text": "два пъти на ден/месец/година",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "per capita/head",
"roman": "na glava",
"text": "на глава",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "They are paid by the hour.",
"roman": "Plaštat im na čas.",
"text": "Плащат им на час.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "for five levs each/apiece/per head",
"roman": "po pet leva na čovek",
"text": "по пет лева на човек",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate the rate at which something happens, per, by, a"
],
"links": [
[
"per",
"per#Preposition"
],
[
"by",
"by#Preposition"
],
[
"a",
"a#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to divide in two",
"roman": "razdeljam na dve",
"text": "разделям на две",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to cut into pieces",
"roman": "reža na parčeta",
"text": "режа на парчета",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "6 divided by 2 equals 3.",
"roman": "6 deleno na 2 pravi 3.",
"text": "6 делено на 2 прави 3.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate the parts into which something is divided, in, into, by"
],
"links": [
[
"in",
"in#Preposition"
],
[
"into",
"into#Preposition"
],
[
"by",
"by#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The students arrived in small groups.",
"roman": "Učenicite pristignaha na malki grupi.",
"text": "Учениците пристигнаха на малки групи.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "on one's bare skin/next to the skin",
"roman": "na golo",
"text": "на голо",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in practice",
"roman": "na delo",
"text": "на дело",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in theory",
"roman": "na teorija",
"text": "на теория",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "by hand",
"roman": "na rǎka",
"text": "на ръка",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "на дребно ― na drebno ― retail",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "wholesale",
"roman": "na edro",
"text": "на едро",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "crosswise",
"roman": "na krǎst",
"text": "на кръст",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "for fun",
"roman": "na šega",
"text": "на шега",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to show how or in what way something is done, by, in"
],
"links": [
[
"by",
"by#Preposition"
],
[
"in",
"in#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to turn into dust",
"roman": "stavam na prah",
"text": "ставам на прах",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to break into pieces",
"roman": "sčupvam se na parčeta",
"text": "счупвам се на парчета",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to impersonate someone",
"roman": "prestruvam se na njakogo",
"text": "преструвам се на някого",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to feign illness",
"roman": "pravja se na bolen",
"text": "правя се на болен",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate a change in state, to, into"
],
"links": [
[
"to",
"to#Preposition"
],
[
"into",
"into#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to run/operate a machine",
"roman": "rabotja na mašina",
"text": "работя на машина",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to play (on) the piano",
"roman": "svirja na piano",
"text": "свиря на пиано",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to tell a fortune using cards",
"roman": "gledam na karti",
"text": "гледам на карти",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to tell a fortune using coffee",
"roman": "gledam na kafe",
"text": "гледам на кафе",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to count on one's fingers",
"roman": "broja na prǎsti",
"text": "броя на пръсти",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate an instrument"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to play (at) chess",
"roman": "igraja na šah",
"text": "играя на шах",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate a game"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Sumatran tigers are near extinction.",
"roman": "Sumatranskite tigri sa na izčezvane.",
"text": "Суматранските тигри са на изчезване.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Our supplies are running low.",
"roman": "Pripasite ni sa na svǎršvane.",
"text": "Припасите ни са на свършване.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"near, close to"
],
"links": [
[
"near",
"near#Preposition"
],
[
"close to",
"close to#Preposition"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Say it in English.",
"roman": "Kaži go na anglijski.",
"text": "Кажи го на английски.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "He spoke in a loud voice.",
"roman": "Toj govoreše na visok glas.",
"text": "Той говореше на висок глас.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate a language, a way of speaking, etc., in"
],
"links": [
[
"in",
"in#Preposition"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[na]",
"tags": [
"stressed"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[na]",
"tags": [
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7918 (bul)-Kiril kovachev-на.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%BD%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%BD%D0%B0.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%BD%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%BD%D0%B0.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"stressed"
],
"text": "Audio (stressed)"
}
],
"word": "на"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bulgarian lemmas",
"Bulgarian particles",
"Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*na",
"id": "hya"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *na",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *na.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "на • (na)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian informal terms",
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Take the money!",
"roman": "Na ti parite!",
"text": "На ти парите!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Take that!",
"roman": "Na ti!",
"text": "На ти!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used when giving something to someone, here you are, take it"
],
"links": [
[
"here you are",
"here you are#English"
],
[
"take it",
"take#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) used when giving something to someone, here you are, take it"
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian informal terms",
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Говорим за Мария и на — тя насреща.\nGovorim za Marija i na — tja nasrešta.\nSpeaking of Maria — here she is.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to express unexpectedness"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) used to express unexpectedness"
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[na]"
}
],
"word": "на"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Bulgarian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.