"-n" meaning in Finnish

See -n in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

Etymology: From Proto-Finnic *-n, conflated from Proto-Uralic *-n (genitive suffix) and from Proto-Uralic *-m (accusative suffix). Etymology templates: {{etymid|fi|genitive}}, {{inh|fi|urj-fin-pro|*-n|id=genitive}} Proto-Finnic *-n, {{inh|fi|urj-pro|*-n|pos=genitive suffix}} Proto-Uralic *-n (genitive suffix), {{inh|fi|urj-pro|*-m|pos=accusative suffix}} Proto-Uralic *-m (accusative suffix) Head templates: {{head|fi|suffixes||-{{{var}}}||-{{{stem}}}-||-{{{stem2}}}-||-{{{stem}}}-||-{{{stem2}}}-||-{{{vAr}}}||{{{comp}}}||{{{sup}}}|cat2=|f2nolink=1|f3nolink=1|f4nolink=1|f5nolink=1|f6nolink=1|f7nolink=1|f8nolink=1|head=}} -n, {{fi-suffix|case}} -n
  1. Used to form the genitive case. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--n-fi-suffix-jnw6wq7M
  2. Used to form the accusative case in the singular. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--n-fi-suffix-fi:accusative
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Suffix

Etymology: From Proto-Finnic *-n, probably of the same origin as the genitive suffix (see -n, etymology 1). The instructive singular only exists for a few nouns in modern Finnish (such as jalan from jalka); the case is usually used in the plural (-in). Etymology templates: {{etymid|fi|instructive}}, {{inh|fi|urj-fin-pro|*-n|id=instructive}} Proto-Finnic *-n Head templates: {{head|fi|suffixes||-{{{var}}}||-{{{stem}}}-||-{{{stem2}}}-||-{{{stem}}}-||-{{{stem2}}}-||-{{{vAr}}}||{{{comp}}}||{{{sup}}}|cat2=|f2nolink=1|f3nolink=1|f4nolink=1|f5nolink=1|f6nolink=1|f7nolink=1|f8nolink=1|head=}} -n, {{fi-suffix|case}} -n
  1. Used to form the instructive case, usually only in the plural. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--n-fi-suffix-U3J2Vc2J Categories (other): Finnish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Finnish entries with incorrect language header: 8 26 42 17 7
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Suffix

Etymology: From Proto-Finnic *-n, from Proto-Uralic *-m, probably conneced to the first-person singular personal pronoun minä. Etymology templates: {{etymid|fi|verb ending}}, {{inh|fi|urj-fin-pro|*-n|id=verb ending}} Proto-Finnic *-n, {{inh|fi|urj-pro|*-m|id=verb ending}} Proto-Uralic *-m Head templates: {{head|fi|suffixes||-{{{var}}}||-{{{stem}}}-||-{{{stem2}}}-||-{{{stem}}}-||-{{{stem2}}}-||-{{{vAr}}}||{{{comp}}}||{{{sup}}}|cat2=|f2nolink=1|f3nolink=1|f4nolink=1|f5nolink=1|f6nolink=1|f7nolink=1|f8nolink=1|head=}} -n, {{fi-suffix|inflectional}} -n
  1. (personal) the first-person singular suffix for verbs Tags: morpheme, personal Related terms: -t, -mme, -tte, -vat
    Sense id: en--n-fi-suffix-EajQzjwY
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Suffix

Etymology templates: {{etymid|fi|nominal}} Head templates: {{head|fi|suffixes||-{{{var}}}||-{{{stem}}}-||-{{{stem2}}}-||-{{{stem}}}-||-{{{stem2}}}-||-{{{vAr}}}||{{{comp}}}||{{{sup}}}|cat2=|f2nolink=1|f3nolink=1|f4nolink=1|f5nolink=1|f6nolink=1|f7nolink=1|f8nolink=1|head=}} -n, {{fi-suffix}} -n
  1. Alternative form of -ne (diminutive nominal suffix) Tags: alt-of, alternative, morpheme Alternative form of: -ne (extra: diminutive nominal suffix)
    Sense id: en--n-fi-suffix-hOqQJlFA
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 4
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        },
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          "text": "tytön takki (tyttö (“girl”))",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "the hand's fingers",
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        }
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          "english": "I saw a/the girl.",
          "text": "Näin tytön.",
          "type": "example"
        },
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          "english": "I met my son yesterday.",
          "text": "Tapasin poikani eilen.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
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        "Used to form the accusative case in the singular."
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          "english": "I read",
          "text": "luen",
          "type": "example"
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        {
          "english": "I lost/misplaced",
          "text": "kadotin",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I will not go",
          "text": "en mene",
          "type": "example"
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      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "urj-fin-pro",
        "3": "*-n",
        "id": "verb ending"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-n",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*-m",
        "id": "verb ending"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-m",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-n, from Proto-Uralic *-m, probably conneced to the first-person singular personal pronoun minä.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "10": "-{{{stem}}}-",
        "11": "",
        "12": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
        "13": "",
        "14": "-{{{vAr}}}",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{comp}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{sup}}}",
        "2": "suffixes",
        "3": "",
        "4": "-{{{var}}}",
        "5": "",
        "6": "-{{{stem}}}-",
        "7": "",
        "8": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "f2nolink": "1",
        "f3nolink": "1",
        "f4nolink": "1",
        "f5nolink": "1",
        "f6nolink": "1",
        "f7nolink": "1",
        "f8nolink": "1",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-n",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "inflectional"
      },
      "expansion": "-n",
      "name": "fi-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Finnish",
  "lang_code": "fi",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "-t"
    },
    {
      "word": "-mme"
    },
    {
      "word": "-tte"
    },
    {
      "word": "-vat"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Finnish terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I read",
          "text": "luen",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I lost/misplaced",
          "text": "kadotin",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I will not go",
          "text": "en mene",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the first-person singular suffix for verbs"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(personal) the first-person singular suffix for verbs"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "personal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-n"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Finnish case suffixes",
    "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Finnish lemmas",
    "Finnish personal suffixes",
    "Finnish suffixes",
    "Pages with 22 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "nominal"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "10": "-{{{stem}}}-",
        "11": "",
        "12": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
        "13": "",
        "14": "-{{{vAr}}}",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{comp}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{sup}}}",
        "2": "suffixes",
        "3": "",
        "4": "-{{{var}}}",
        "5": "",
        "6": "-{{{stem}}}-",
        "7": "",
        "8": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "f2nolink": "1",
        "f3nolink": "1",
        "f4nolink": "1",
        "f5nolink": "1",
        "f6nolink": "1",
        "f7nolink": "1",
        "f8nolink": "1",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-n",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-n",
      "name": "fi-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Finnish",
  "lang_code": "fi",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "diminutive nominal suffix",
          "word": "-ne"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of -ne (diminutive nominal suffix)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-ne",
          "-ne#Finnish:_nominal"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-n"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -n meaning in Finnish (7.4kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Finnish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.