"慘淡" meaning in Chinese

See 慘淡 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /t͡sʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ tän⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA, standard], /t͡sʰaːm³⁵ taːm²²/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /t͡sʰam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tam³³/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /t͡sʰam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tam³³/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /t͡sʰam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tam⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /t͡sʰam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tam²²/ [Hokkien, Xiamen, Zhangzhou], /t͡sʰam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tam²²/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /t͡sʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ tän⁵¹/, /t͡sʰaːm³⁵ taːm²²/, /t͡sʰam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tam³³/, /t͡sʰam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tam³³/, /t͡sʰam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tam⁴¹/, /t͡sʰam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tam²²/, /t͡sʰam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tam²²/ Chinese transliterations: cǎndàn [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄘㄢˇ ㄉㄢˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], caam² daam⁶ [Cantonese, Jyutping], chhám-tām, chhám-tǎm, cǎndàn [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin, standard], ㄘㄢˇ ㄉㄢˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo, standard], cǎndàn [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin, standard], tsʻan³-tan⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles, standard], tsǎn-dàn [Mandarin, Yale, standard], tsaandann [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin, standard], цаньдань [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], canʹdanʹ [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], cháam daahm [Cantonese, Yale], tsaam² daam⁶ [Cantonese, Pinyin], cam² dam⁶ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], chhám-tām [Hokkien, POJ], tshám-tām [Hokkien, Tai-lo], zhafmdam [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], chhám-tǎm [Hokkien, POJ], tshám-tǎm [Hokkien, Tai-lo]
Head templates: {{head|zh|adjective}} 慘淡
  1. gloomy; sombre; dim Categories (topical): Emotions
    Sense id: en-慘淡-zh-adj-m7-1~~df Disambiguation of Emotions: 84 0 12 3 Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 55 5 36 3
  2. sad; desolate
    Sense id: en-慘淡-zh-adj-jollhC5R
  3. (of business, situation, etc.) bleak; slack Tags: usually
    Sense id: en-慘淡-zh-adj-lwwcsAvm Categories (other): Chinese links with redundant alt parameters, Chinese links with redundant wikilinks
  4. painstaking
    Sense id: en-慘淡-zh-adj-BfHRSL-A
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: 盡心竭力 (jìnxīnjiélì), 尽心竭力 (jìnxīnjiélì)
Synonyms: 冥冥 (míngmíng) [literary], (cǎn) [in-compounds, literary], (cǎn) [in-compounds, literary], 慘白 (cǎnbái), 惨白 (cǎnbái), 昏暗 (hūn'àn), 昏沉 (hūnchén), 昏黑 (hūnhēi), 晦冥 (huìmíng) (english: used both literally and figuratively) [literary], 晦暗 (huì'àn) [literary], 暗淡 (àndàn) (english: used both literally and figuratively), 烏暗 [Hokkien, Teochew], 乌暗 [Hokkien, Teochew], 陰幽 (yīnyōu) [literary], 阴幽 (yīnyōu) [literary], 黑暗 (hēi'àn), 京京 (jīngjīng) [literary], 傷心 (shāngxīn), 伤心 (shāngxīn), 傷悲 (shāngbēi) [literary], 伤悲 (shāngbēi) [literary], 傷感 (shānggǎn), 伤感 (shānggǎn), 傷懷 (shānghuái) [literary], 伤怀 (shānghuái) [literary], 傷痛 (shāngtòng), 伤痛 (shāngtòng), 傷神 (shāngshén) [literary], 伤神 (shāngshén) [literary], 刺心 (cìxīn), 哀傷 (āishāng), 哀伤 (āishāng), 哀切 (āiqiè), 哀怨 (āiyuàn), 哀悽 (āiqī), 哀凄 (āiqī), 哀慟 (āitòng), 哀恸 (āitòng), 哀戚 (āiqī) [literary], 哀痛 (āitòng), 心酸 (xīnsuān), 怛傷 (dáshāng) [literary], 怛伤 (dáshāng) [literary], 悄然 (qiǎorán) [literary], 情傷 (qíngshāng) [literary], 情伤 (qíngshāng) [literary], 悲催 (bēicuī) [humorous, neologism], 悲傷 (bēishāng), 悲伤 (bēishāng), 悲切 (bēiqiè) [literary], 悲哀 (bēi'āi), 悲悽 (bēiqī), 悲凄 (bēiqī), 悱惻 (fěicè) [literary], 悱恻 (fěicè) [literary], 悽惶 (qīhuáng) [literary], 凄惶 (qīhuáng) [literary], 悲愴 (bēichuàng) [literary], 悲怆 (bēichuàng) [literary], 悽愴 (qīchuàng) [literary], 凄怆 (qīchuàng) [literary], 悲慘 (bēicǎn), 悲惨 (bēicǎn), 悲慟 (bēitòng), 悲恸 (bēitòng), 悲戚 (bēiqī), 悽戚 (qīqī) [literary], 凄戚 (qīqī) [literary], 悲摧 (bēicuī) [literary], 悲楚 (bēichǔ) [literary], 悲涼 (bēiliáng), 悲凉 (bēiliáng), 悲痛 (bēitòng), 悲苦 (bēikǔ), 感傷 (gǎnshāng), 感伤 (gǎnshāng), 愀愴 (qiǎochuàng), 愀怆 (qiǎochuàng), 愁楚 (chóuchǔ) [literary], 惻然 (cèrán) [literary], 恻然 (cèrán) [literary], 愴然 (chuàngrán) [literary], 怆然 (chuàngrán) [literary], (cǎn), (cǎn), 憂傷 (yōushāng), 忧伤 (yōushāng), 慘悽 (cǎnqī), 惨凄 (cǎnqī), 憂愁 (yōuchóu), 忧愁 (yōuchóu), 憂戚 (yōuqī) [literary], 忧戚 (yōuqī) [literary], 憯懍 (cǎnlǐn), 憯懔 (cǎnlǐn), 懤懤 (chóuchóu), 㤽㤽 (chóuchóu), 沉痛 (chéntòng), 淒切 (qīqiè), 凄切 (qīqiè), 淒惻 (qīcè) [literary], 凄恻 (qīcè) [literary], 淒慘 (qīcǎn), 凄惨 (qīcǎn), 淒楚 (qīchǔ), 凄楚 (qīchǔ), 淒涼 (qīliáng), 凄凉 (qīliáng), 淒然 (qīrán) [literary], 凄然 (qīrán) [literary], 痛心 (tòngxīn), 艱苦心 [Hokkien], 艰苦心 [Hokkien], 蒼涼 (cāngliáng), 苍凉 (cāngliáng), 酸心 (suānxīn), 難受 (nánshòu), 难受 (nánshòu), 難過 (nánguò), 难过 (nánguò), 青凊 [Hokkien], 黯然 (ànrán), 不景 (bùjǐng) [Hong-Kong], 不景氣 (bùjǐngqì), 不景气 (bùjǐngqì), 低迷 (dīmí), 冷淡 (lěngdàn), 清淡 (qīngdàn), 蕭條 (xiāotiáo), 萧条 (xiāotiáo), 不苟 (bùgǒu) [formal], 仔細 (zǐxì), 仔细 (zǐxì), (yán), (yán), 嚴肅 (yánsù), 严肃 (yánsù), 嚴謹 (yánjǐn), 严谨 (yánjǐn), 密切 (mìqiè), 審慎 (shěnshèn) [formal], 审慎 (shěnshèn) [formal], 小心 (xiǎoxīn), 慎密 (shènmì), 慎重 (shènzhòng), 板正 (bǎnzhèng), 正經, 正经, 當心 (dāngxīn), 当心 (dāngxīn), 精心 (jīngxīn), 精細 (jīngxì), 精细 (jīngxì), 細心 (xìxīn), 细心 (xìxīn), 細膩 (xìnì) [Min], 细腻 (xìnì) [Min], 認真 (rènzhēn), 认真 (rènzhēn), 謹嚴 (jǐnyán), 谨严 (jǐnyán), 謹慎 (jǐnshèn), 谨慎 (jǐnshèn), 較真 (jiàozhēn) [colloquial], 较真 (jiàozhēn) [colloquial], 過細 (guòxì), 过细 (guòxì), 鞠躬 (jūgōng) [literary]

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for 慘淡 meaning in Chinese (17.9kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "quánshèng",
      "word": "全盛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "áng'áng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "卬卬"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fùqiáng",
      "word": "富強"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fùqiáng",
      "word": "富强"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fùchāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "富昌"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fùshèng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "富盛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiángshèng",
      "word": "強盛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiángshèng",
      "word": "强盛"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "昌"
    },
    {
      "english": "of a government, culture",
      "roman": "chāngmíng",
      "tags": [
        "literary",
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "昌明"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chāngshèng",
      "word": "昌盛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wàngshèng",
      "word": "旺盛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chānglóng",
      "word": "昌隆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jǐngqì",
      "word": "景氣"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jǐngqì",
      "word": "景气"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chàngwàng",
      "word": "暢旺"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chàngwàng",
      "word": "畅旺"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tiáochàng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "條暢"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tiáochàng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "条畅"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huǒbào",
      "word": "火爆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hónghuo",
      "tags": [
        "Mainland-China"
      ],
      "word": "紅火"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hónghuo",
      "tags": [
        "Mainland-China"
      ],
      "word": "红火"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fánróng",
      "word": "繁榮"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fánróng",
      "word": "繁荣"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fánshèng",
      "word": "繁盛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fánhuá",
      "word": "繁華"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fánhuá",
      "word": "繁华"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīngwàng",
      "word": "興旺"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīngwàng",
      "word": "兴旺"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīngshèng",
      "word": "興盛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīngshèng",
      "word": "兴盛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīnglóng",
      "word": "興隆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīnglóng",
      "word": "兴隆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "màoshèng",
      "word": "茂盛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "péngbó",
      "word": "蓬勃"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fánchāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "蕃昌"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhěnzhěn",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "軫軫"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhěnzhěn",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "轸轸"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lóngchāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "隆昌"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lóngshèng",
      "word": "隆盛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǐngshèng",
      "word": "鼎盛"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "慘淡",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jìnxīnjiélì",
      "word": "盡心竭力"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jìnxīnjiélì",
      "word": "尽心竭力"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "55 5 36 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "84 0 12 3",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "zh:Emotions",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gloomy; sombre; dim"
      ],
      "id": "en-慘淡-zh-adj-m7-1~~df",
      "links": [
        [
          "gloomy",
          "gloomy"
        ],
        [
          "sombre",
          "sombre"
        ],
        [
          "dim",
          "dim"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "sad; desolate"
      ],
      "id": "en-慘淡-zh-adj-jollhC5R",
      "links": [
        [
          "sad",
          "sad"
        ],
        [
          "desolate",
          "desolate"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "These days our family is in reduced circumstances, due partly to the funeral expenses and partly to father's unemployment.",
          "ref": "這些日子,家中光景很是慘澹,一半為了喪事,一半為了父親賦閒。 [MSC, trad.]",
          "text": "这些日子,家中光景很是惨澹,一半为了丧事,一半为了父亲赋闲。 [MSC, simp.]\nFrom: 1925, 朱自清 (Zhu Ziqing), 背影 (Retreating Figure)\nZhèxiē rìzi, jiā zhōng guāngjǐng hěn shì cǎndàn, yībàn wèile sāngshì, yībàn wèile fùqīn fùxián. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bleak; slack"
      ],
      "id": "en-慘淡-zh-adj-lwwcsAvm",
      "links": [
        [
          "business",
          "business"
        ],
        [
          "situation",
          "situation"
        ],
        [
          "bleak",
          "bleak"
        ],
        [
          "slack",
          "slack"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "situation",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of business, situation, etc.) bleak; slack"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of business"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "painstaking"
      ],
      "id": "en-慘淡-zh-adj-BfHRSL-A",
      "links": [
        [
          "painstaking",
          "painstaking"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cǎndàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄘㄢˇ ㄉㄢˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "caam² daam⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "chhám-tām"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "chhám-tǎm"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cǎndàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄘㄢˇ ㄉㄢˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cǎndàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsʻan³-tan⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsǎn-dàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsaandann"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цаньдань"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "canʹdanʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ tän⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cháam daahm"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsaam² daam⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cam² dam⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰaːm³⁵ taːm²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chhám-tām"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tshám-tām"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zhafmdam"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tam³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tam³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tam⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tam²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chhám-tǎm"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tshám-tǎm"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tam²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ tän⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰaːm³⁵ taːm²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tam³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tam³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tam⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tam²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tam²²/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "míngmíng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "冥冥"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cǎn",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "慘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cǎn",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "惨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cǎnbái",
      "word": "慘白"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cǎnbái",
      "word": "惨白"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "hūn'àn",
      "word": "昏暗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "hūnchén",
      "word": "昏沉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "hūnhēi",
      "word": "昏黑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "used both literally and figuratively",
      "roman": "huìmíng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "晦冥"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "huì'àn",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "晦暗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "used both literally and figuratively",
      "roman": "àndàn",
      "word": "暗淡"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "word": "烏暗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "word": "乌暗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yīnyōu",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "陰幽"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yīnyōu",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "阴幽"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "hēi'àn",
      "word": "黑暗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jīngjīng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "京京"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shāngxīn",
      "word": "傷心"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shāngxīn",
      "word": "伤心"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shāngbēi",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "傷悲"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shāngbēi",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "伤悲"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shānggǎn",
      "word": "傷感"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shānggǎn",
      "word": "伤感"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shānghuái",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "傷懷"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shānghuái",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "伤怀"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shāngtòng",
      "word": "傷痛"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shāngtòng",
      "word": "伤痛"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shāngshén",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "傷神"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shāngshén",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "伤神"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cìxīn",
      "word": "刺心"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "āishāng",
      "word": "哀傷"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "āishāng",
      "word": "哀伤"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "āiqiè",
      "word": "哀切"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "āiyuàn",
      "word": "哀怨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "āiqī",
      "word": "哀悽"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "āiqī",
      "word": "哀凄"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "āitòng",
      "word": "哀慟"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "āitòng",
      "word": "哀恸"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "āiqī",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "哀戚"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "āitòng",
      "word": "哀痛"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xīnsuān",
      "word": "心酸"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dáshāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "怛傷"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dáshāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "怛伤"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qiǎorán",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悄然"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qíngshāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "情傷"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qíngshāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "情伤"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bēicuī",
      "tags": [
        "humorous",
        "neologism"
      ],
      "word": "悲催"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bēishāng",
      "word": "悲傷"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bēishāng",
      "word": "悲伤"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bēiqiè",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲切"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bēi'āi",
      "word": "悲哀"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bēiqī",
      "word": "悲悽"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bēiqī",
      "word": "悲凄"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fěicè",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悱惻"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fěicè",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悱恻"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīhuáng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悽惶"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīhuáng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄惶"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bēichuàng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲愴"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bēichuàng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲怆"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīchuàng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悽愴"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīchuàng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄怆"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bēicǎn",
      "word": "悲慘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bēicǎn",
      "word": "悲惨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bēitòng",
      "word": "悲慟"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bēitòng",
      "word": "悲恸"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bēiqī",
      "word": "悲戚"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīqī",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悽戚"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīqī",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄戚"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bēicuī",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲摧"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bēichǔ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲楚"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bēiliáng",
      "word": "悲涼"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bēiliáng",
      "word": "悲凉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bēitòng",
      "word": "悲痛"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bēikǔ",
      "word": "悲苦"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gǎnshāng",
      "word": "感傷"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gǎnshāng",
      "word": "感伤"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qiǎochuàng",
      "word": "愀愴"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qiǎochuàng",
      "word": "愀怆"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chóuchǔ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "愁楚"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cèrán",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "惻然"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cèrán",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "恻然"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chuàngrán",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "愴然"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chuàngrán",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "怆然"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cǎn",
      "word": "慘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cǎn",
      "word": "惨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yōushāng",
      "word": "憂傷"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yōushāng",
      "word": "忧伤"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cǎnqī",
      "word": "慘悽"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cǎnqī",
      "word": "惨凄"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yōuchóu",
      "word": "憂愁"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yōuchóu",
      "word": "忧愁"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yōuqī",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "憂戚"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yōuqī",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "忧戚"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cǎnlǐn",
      "word": "憯懍"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cǎnlǐn",
      "word": "憯懔"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chóuchóu",
      "word": "懤懤"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chóuchóu",
      "word": "㤽㤽"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chéntòng",
      "word": "沉痛"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīqiè",
      "word": "淒切"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīqiè",
      "word": "凄切"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīcè",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "淒惻"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīcè",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄恻"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīcǎn",
      "word": "淒慘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīcǎn",
      "word": "凄惨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīchǔ",
      "word": "淒楚"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīchǔ",
      "word": "凄楚"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīliáng",
      "word": "淒涼"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīliáng",
      "word": "凄凉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīrán",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "淒然"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīrán",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄然"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "tòngxīn",
      "word": "痛心"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "艱苦心"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "艰苦心"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cāngliáng",
      "word": "蒼涼"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cāngliáng",
      "word": "苍凉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "suānxīn",
      "word": "酸心"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nánshòu",
      "word": "難受"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nánshòu",
      "word": "难受"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nánguò",
      "word": "難過"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nánguò",
      "word": "难过"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "青凊"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "ànrán",
      "word": "黯然"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bùjǐng",
      "tags": [
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "word": "不景"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bùjǐngqì",
      "word": "不景氣"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bùjǐngqì",
      "word": "不景气"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dīmí",
      "word": "低迷"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "lěngdàn",
      "word": "冷淡"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīngdàn",
      "word": "清淡"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiāotiáo",
      "word": "蕭條"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiāotiáo",
      "word": "萧条"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bùgǒu",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "不苟"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zǐxì",
      "word": "仔細"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zǐxì",
      "word": "仔细"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yán",
      "word": "嚴"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yán",
      "word": "严"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yánsù",
      "word": "嚴肅"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yánsù",
      "word": "严肃"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yánjǐn",
      "word": "嚴謹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yánjǐn",
      "word": "严谨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "mìqiè",
      "word": "密切"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shěnshèn",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "審慎"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shěnshèn",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "审慎"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiǎoxīn",
      "word": "小心"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shènmì",
      "word": "慎密"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shènzhòng",
      "word": "慎重"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bǎnzhèng",
      "word": "板正"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "正經"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "正经"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dāngxīn",
      "word": "當心"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dāngxīn",
      "word": "当心"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jīngxīn",
      "word": "精心"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jīngxì",
      "word": "精細"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jīngxì",
      "word": "精细"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xìxīn",
      "word": "細心"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xìxīn",
      "word": "细心"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xìnì",
      "tags": [
        "Min"
      ],
      "word": "細膩"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xìnì",
      "tags": [
        "Min"
      ],
      "word": "细腻"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "rènzhēn",
      "word": "認真"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "rènzhēn",
      "word": "认真"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jǐnyán",
      "word": "謹嚴"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jǐnyán",
      "word": "谨严"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jǐnshèn",
      "word": "謹慎"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jǐnshèn",
      "word": "谨慎"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiàozhēn",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ],
      "word": "較真"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiàozhēn",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ],
      "word": "较真"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guòxì",
      "word": "過細"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guòxì",
      "word": "过细"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jūgōng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "鞠躬"
    }
  ],
  "word": "慘淡"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "quánshèng",
      "word": "全盛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "áng'áng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "卬卬"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fùqiáng",
      "word": "富強"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fùqiáng",
      "word": "富强"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fùchāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "富昌"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fùshèng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "富盛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiángshèng",
      "word": "強盛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiángshèng",
      "word": "强盛"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "昌"
    },
    {
      "english": "of a government, culture",
      "roman": "chāngmíng",
      "tags": [
        "literary",
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "昌明"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chāngshèng",
      "word": "昌盛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wàngshèng",
      "word": "旺盛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chānglóng",
      "word": "昌隆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jǐngqì",
      "word": "景氣"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jǐngqì",
      "word": "景气"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chàngwàng",
      "word": "暢旺"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chàngwàng",
      "word": "畅旺"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tiáochàng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "條暢"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tiáochàng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "条畅"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huǒbào",
      "word": "火爆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hónghuo",
      "tags": [
        "Mainland-China"
      ],
      "word": "紅火"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hónghuo",
      "tags": [
        "Mainland-China"
      ],
      "word": "红火"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fánróng",
      "word": "繁榮"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fánróng",
      "word": "繁荣"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fánshèng",
      "word": "繁盛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fánhuá",
      "word": "繁華"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fánhuá",
      "word": "繁华"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīngwàng",
      "word": "興旺"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīngwàng",
      "word": "兴旺"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīngshèng",
      "word": "興盛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīngshèng",
      "word": "兴盛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīnglóng",
      "word": "興隆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīnglóng",
      "word": "兴隆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "màoshèng",
      "word": "茂盛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "péngbó",
      "word": "蓬勃"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fánchāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "蕃昌"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhěnzhěn",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "軫軫"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhěnzhěn",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "轸轸"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lóngchāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "隆昌"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lóngshèng",
      "word": "隆盛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǐngshèng",
      "word": "鼎盛"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Chinese adjectives",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "zh:Emotions"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "慘淡",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "jìnxīnjiélì",
      "word": "盡心竭力"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jìnxīnjiélì",
      "word": "尽心竭力"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "gloomy; sombre; dim"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gloomy",
          "gloomy"
        ],
        [
          "sombre",
          "sombre"
        ],
        [
          "dim",
          "dim"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "sad; desolate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sad",
          "sad"
        ],
        [
          "desolate",
          "desolate"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese links with redundant alt parameters",
        "Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Mandarin terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "These days our family is in reduced circumstances, due partly to the funeral expenses and partly to father's unemployment.",
          "ref": "這些日子,家中光景很是慘澹,一半為了喪事,一半為了父親賦閒。 [MSC, trad.]",
          "text": "这些日子,家中光景很是惨澹,一半为了丧事,一半为了父亲赋闲。 [MSC, simp.]\nFrom: 1925, 朱自清 (Zhu Ziqing), 背影 (Retreating Figure)\nZhèxiē rìzi, jiā zhōng guāngjǐng hěn shì cǎndàn, yībàn wèile sāngshì, yībàn wèile fùqīn fùxián. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bleak; slack"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "business",
          "business"
        ],
        [
          "situation",
          "situation"
        ],
        [
          "bleak",
          "bleak"
        ],
        [
          "slack",
          "slack"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "situation",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of business, situation, etc.) bleak; slack"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of business"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "painstaking"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "painstaking",
          "painstaking"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cǎndàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄘㄢˇ ㄉㄢˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "caam² daam⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "chhám-tām"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "chhám-tǎm"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cǎndàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄘㄢˇ ㄉㄢˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cǎndàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsʻan³-tan⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsǎn-dàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsaandann"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цаньдань"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "canʹdanʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ tän⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cháam daahm"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsaam² daam⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cam² dam⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰaːm³⁵ taːm²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chhám-tām"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tshám-tām"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zhafmdam"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tam³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tam³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tam⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tam²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chhám-tǎm"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tshám-tǎm"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tam²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ tän⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰaːm³⁵ taːm²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tam³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tam³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tam⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tam²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tam²²/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "míngmíng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "冥冥"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎn",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "慘"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎn",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "惨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnbái",
      "word": "慘白"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnbái",
      "word": "惨白"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hūn'àn",
      "word": "昏暗"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hūnchén",
      "word": "昏沉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hūnhēi",
      "word": "昏黑"
    },
    {
      "english": "used both literally and figuratively",
      "roman": "huìmíng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "晦冥"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huì'àn",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "晦暗"
    },
    {
      "english": "used both literally and figuratively",
      "roman": "àndàn",
      "word": "暗淡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "word": "烏暗"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "word": "乌暗"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīnyōu",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "陰幽"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīnyōu",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "阴幽"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hēi'àn",
      "word": "黑暗"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jīngjīng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "京京"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngxīn",
      "word": "傷心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngxīn",
      "word": "伤心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngbēi",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "傷悲"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngbēi",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "伤悲"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shānggǎn",
      "word": "傷感"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shānggǎn",
      "word": "伤感"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shānghuái",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "傷懷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shānghuái",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "伤怀"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngtòng",
      "word": "傷痛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngtòng",
      "word": "伤痛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngshén",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "傷神"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngshén",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "伤神"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cìxīn",
      "word": "刺心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āishāng",
      "word": "哀傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āishāng",
      "word": "哀伤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āiqiè",
      "word": "哀切"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āiyuàn",
      "word": "哀怨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āiqī",
      "word": "哀悽"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āiqī",
      "word": "哀凄"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āitòng",
      "word": "哀慟"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āitòng",
      "word": "哀恸"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āiqī",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "哀戚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āitòng",
      "word": "哀痛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīnsuān",
      "word": "心酸"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dáshāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "怛傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dáshāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "怛伤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiǎorán",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悄然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qíngshāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "情傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qíngshāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "情伤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēicuī",
      "tags": [
        "humorous",
        "neologism"
      ],
      "word": "悲催"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēishāng",
      "word": "悲傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēishāng",
      "word": "悲伤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiqiè",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲切"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēi'āi",
      "word": "悲哀"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiqī",
      "word": "悲悽"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiqī",
      "word": "悲凄"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fěicè",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悱惻"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fěicè",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悱恻"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīhuáng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悽惶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīhuáng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄惶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēichuàng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲愴"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēichuàng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲怆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīchuàng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悽愴"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīchuàng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄怆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēicǎn",
      "word": "悲慘"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēicǎn",
      "word": "悲惨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēitòng",
      "word": "悲慟"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēitòng",
      "word": "悲恸"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiqī",
      "word": "悲戚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīqī",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悽戚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīqī",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄戚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēicuī",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲摧"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēichǔ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲楚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiliáng",
      "word": "悲涼"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiliáng",
      "word": "悲凉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēitòng",
      "word": "悲痛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēikǔ",
      "word": "悲苦"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gǎnshāng",
      "word": "感傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gǎnshāng",
      "word": "感伤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiǎochuàng",
      "word": "愀愴"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiǎochuàng",
      "word": "愀怆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chóuchǔ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "愁楚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cèrán",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "惻然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cèrán",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "恻然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chuàngrán",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "愴然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chuàngrán",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "怆然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎn",
      "word": "慘"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎn",
      "word": "惨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōushāng",
      "word": "憂傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōushāng",
      "word": "忧伤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnqī",
      "word": "慘悽"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnqī",
      "word": "惨凄"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuchóu",
      "word": "憂愁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuchóu",
      "word": "忧愁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuqī",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "憂戚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuqī",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "忧戚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnlǐn",
      "word": "憯懍"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnlǐn",
      "word": "憯懔"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chóuchóu",
      "word": "懤懤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chóuchóu",
      "word": "㤽㤽"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chéntòng",
      "word": "沉痛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīqiè",
      "word": "淒切"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīqiè",
      "word": "凄切"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīcè",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "淒惻"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīcè",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄恻"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīcǎn",
      "word": "淒慘"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīcǎn",
      "word": "凄惨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīchǔ",
      "word": "淒楚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīchǔ",
      "word": "凄楚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīliáng",
      "word": "淒涼"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīliáng",
      "word": "凄凉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīrán",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "淒然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīrán",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tòngxīn",
      "word": "痛心"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "艱苦心"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "艰苦心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cāngliáng",
      "word": "蒼涼"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cāngliáng",
      "word": "苍凉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "suānxīn",
      "word": "酸心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nánshòu",
      "word": "難受"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nánshòu",
      "word": "难受"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nánguò",
      "word": "難過"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nánguò",
      "word": "难过"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "青凊"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ànrán",
      "word": "黯然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bùjǐng",
      "tags": [
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "word": "不景"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bùjǐngqì",
      "word": "不景氣"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bùjǐngqì",
      "word": "不景气"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dīmí",
      "word": "低迷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lěngdàn",
      "word": "冷淡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīngdàn",
      "word": "清淡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiāotiáo",
      "word": "蕭條"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiāotiáo",
      "word": "萧条"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bùgǒu",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "不苟"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zǐxì",
      "word": "仔細"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zǐxì",
      "word": "仔细"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yán",
      "word": "嚴"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yán",
      "word": "严"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yánsù",
      "word": "嚴肅"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yánsù",
      "word": "严肃"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yánjǐn",
      "word": "嚴謹"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yánjǐn",
      "word": "严谨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mìqiè",
      "word": "密切"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shěnshèn",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "審慎"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shěnshèn",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "审慎"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiǎoxīn",
      "word": "小心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shènmì",
      "word": "慎密"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shènzhòng",
      "word": "慎重"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bǎnzhèng",
      "word": "板正"
    },
    {
      "word": "正經"
    },
    {
      "word": "正经"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dāngxīn",
      "word": "當心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dāngxīn",
      "word": "当心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jīngxīn",
      "word": "精心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jīngxì",
      "word": "精細"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jīngxì",
      "word": "精细"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xìxīn",
      "word": "細心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xìxīn",
      "word": "细心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xìnì",
      "tags": [
        "Min"
      ],
      "word": "細膩"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xìnì",
      "tags": [
        "Min"
      ],
      "word": "细腻"
    },
    {
      "roman": "rènzhēn",
      "word": "認真"
    },
    {
      "roman": "rènzhēn",
      "word": "认真"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jǐnyán",
      "word": "謹嚴"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jǐnyán",
      "word": "谨严"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jǐnshèn",
      "word": "謹慎"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jǐnshèn",
      "word": "谨慎"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiàozhēn",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ],
      "word": "較真"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiàozhēn",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ],
      "word": "较真"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guòxì",
      "word": "過細"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guòxì",
      "word": "过细"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūgōng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "鞠躬"
    }
  ],
  "word": "慘淡"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.