"艱苦心" meaning in Chinese

See 艱苦心 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /kan³³ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sim³³/ [Hokkien, Jinjiang, Philippines, Quanzhou], /kan⁴⁴⁻²² kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Xiamen, Zhangzhou], /kan³³ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sim³³/, /kan⁴⁴⁻²² kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/ Chinese transliterations: kan-khó͘-sim, kan-khó͘-sim [Hokkien, POJ], kan-khóo-sim [Hokkien, Tai-lo], kanqofsym [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun]
Head templates: {{head|zh|adjective}} 艱苦心
  1. (Southern Min) sad; depressed; painful (in one's heart) Tags: Min, Southern
    Sense id: en-艱苦心-zh-adj-YLmd6a5s Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Southern Min Chinese Synonyms: 京京 (jīngjīng) [literary], 傷心 (shāngxīn), 伤心 (shāngxīn), 傷悲 (shāngbēi) [literary], 伤悲 (shāngbēi) [literary], 傷感 (shānggǎn), 伤感 (shānggǎn), 傷懷 (shānghuái) [literary], 伤怀 (shānghuái) [literary], 傷痛 (shāngtòng), 伤痛 (shāngtòng), 傷神 (shāngshén) [literary], 伤神 (shāngshén) [literary], 刺心 (cìxīn), 哀傷 (āishāng), 哀伤 (āishāng), 哀切 (āiqiè), 哀怨 (āiyuàn), 哀悽 (āiqī), 哀凄 (āiqī), 哀慟 (āitòng), 哀恸 (āitòng), 哀戚 (āiqī) [literary], 哀痛 (āitòng), 心酸 (xīnsuān), 怛傷 (dáshāng) [literary], 怛伤 (dáshāng) [literary], 悄然 (qiǎorán) [literary], 悲催 (bēicuī) [humorous, neologism], 情傷 (qíngshāng) [literary], 情伤 (qíngshāng) [literary], 悲傷 (bēishāng), 悲伤 (bēishāng), 悲切 (bēiqiè) [literary], 悲哀 (bēi'āi), 悲悽 (bēiqī), 悲凄 (bēiqī), 悽惶 (qīhuáng) [literary], 凄惶 (qīhuáng) [literary], 悱惻 (fěicè) [literary], 悱恻 (fěicè) [literary], 悽愴 (qīchuàng) [literary], 凄怆 (qīchuàng) [literary], 悲愴 (bēichuàng) [literary], 悲怆 (bēichuàng) [literary], 悲慘 (bēicǎn), 悲惨 (bēicǎn), 悲慟 (bēitòng), 悲恸 (bēitòng), 悲戚 (bēiqī), 悽戚 (qīqī) [literary], 凄戚 (qīqī) [literary], 悲摧 (bēicuī) [literary], 悲楚 (bēichǔ) [literary], 悲涼 (bēiliáng), 悲凉 (bēiliáng), 悲痛 (bēitòng), 悲苦 (bēikǔ), 感傷 (gǎnshāng), 感伤 (gǎnshāng), 愀愴 (qiǎochuàng), 愀怆 (qiǎochuàng), 愁楚 (chóuchǔ) [literary], 惻然 (cèrán) [literary], 恻然 (cèrán) [literary], 愴然 (chuàngrán) [literary], 怆然 (chuàngrán) [literary], (cǎn), (cǎn), 憂傷 (yōushāng), 忧伤 (yōushāng), 慘悽 (cǎnqī), 惨凄 (cǎnqī), 憂愁 (yōuchóu), 忧愁 (yōuchóu), 憂戚 (yōuqī) [literary], 忧戚 (yōuqī) [literary], 慘淡 (cǎndàn), 惨淡 (cǎndàn), 憯懍 (cǎnlǐn), 憯懔 (cǎnlǐn), 懤懤 (chóuchóu), 㤽㤽 (chóuchóu), 沉痛 (chéntòng), 淒切 (qīqiè), 凄切 (qīqiè), 淒惻 (qīcè) [literary], 凄恻 (qīcè) [literary], 淒慘 (qīcǎn), 凄惨 (qīcǎn), 淒楚 (qīchǔ), 凄楚 (qīchǔ), 淒涼 (qīliáng), 凄凉 (qīliáng), 淒然 (qīrán) [literary], 凄然 (qīrán) [literary], 痛心 (tòngxīn), 蒼涼 (cāngliáng), 苍凉 (cāngliáng), 酸心 (suānxīn), 難受 (nánshòu), 难受 (nánshòu), 難過 (nánguò), 难过 (nánguò), 青凊 [Hokkien], 黯然 (ànrán)

Download JSON data for 艱苦心 meaning in Chinese (6.4kB)

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  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
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          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
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          "name": "Southern Min Chinese",
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      "glosses": [
        "sad; depressed; painful (in one's heart)"
      ],
      "id": "en-艱苦心-zh-adj-YLmd6a5s",
      "links": [
        [
          "sad",
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          "painful"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Southern Min) sad; depressed; painful (in one's heart)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "jīngjīng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "京京"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shāngxīn",
          "word": "傷心"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shāngxīn",
          "word": "伤心"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shāngbēi",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "傷悲"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shāngbēi",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "伤悲"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shānggǎn",
          "word": "傷感"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shānggǎn",
          "word": "伤感"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shānghuái",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "傷懷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shānghuái",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "伤怀"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shāngtòng",
          "word": "傷痛"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shāngtòng",
          "word": "伤痛"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shāngshén",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "傷神"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shāngshén",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "伤神"
        },
        {
          "roman": "cìxīn",
          "word": "刺心"
        },
        {
          "roman": "āishāng",
          "word": "哀傷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "āishāng",
          "word": "哀伤"
        },
        {
          "roman": "āiqiè",
          "word": "哀切"
        },
        {
          "roman": "āiyuàn",
          "word": "哀怨"
        },
        {
          "roman": "āiqī",
          "word": "哀悽"
        },
        {
          "roman": "āiqī",
          "word": "哀凄"
        },
        {
          "roman": "āitòng",
          "word": "哀慟"
        },
        {
          "roman": "āitòng",
          "word": "哀恸"
        },
        {
          "roman": "āiqī",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "哀戚"
        },
        {
          "roman": "āitòng",
          "word": "哀痛"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xīnsuān",
          "word": "心酸"
        },
        {
          "roman": "dáshāng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "怛傷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "dáshāng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "怛伤"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qiǎorán",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "悄然"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bēicuī",
          "tags": [
            "humorous",
            "neologism"
          ],
          "word": "悲催"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qíngshāng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "情傷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qíngshāng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "情伤"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bēishāng",
          "word": "悲傷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bēishāng",
          "word": "悲伤"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bēiqiè",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "悲切"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bēi'āi",
          "word": "悲哀"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bēiqī",
          "word": "悲悽"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bēiqī",
          "word": "悲凄"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qīhuáng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "悽惶"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qīhuáng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "凄惶"
        },
        {
          "roman": "fěicè",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "悱惻"
        },
        {
          "roman": "fěicè",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "悱恻"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qīchuàng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "悽愴"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qīchuàng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "凄怆"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bēichuàng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "悲愴"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bēichuàng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "悲怆"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bēicǎn",
          "word": "悲慘"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bēicǎn",
          "word": "悲惨"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bēitòng",
          "word": "悲慟"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bēitòng",
          "word": "悲恸"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bēiqī",
          "word": "悲戚"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qīqī",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "悽戚"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qīqī",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "凄戚"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bēicuī",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "悲摧"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bēichǔ",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "悲楚"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bēiliáng",
          "word": "悲涼"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bēiliáng",
          "word": "悲凉"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bēitòng",
          "word": "悲痛"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bēikǔ",
          "word": "悲苦"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gǎnshāng",
          "word": "感傷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gǎnshāng",
          "word": "感伤"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qiǎochuàng",
          "word": "愀愴"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qiǎochuàng",
          "word": "愀怆"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chóuchǔ",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "愁楚"
        },
        {
          "roman": "cèrán",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "惻然"
        },
        {
          "roman": "cèrán",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "恻然"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chuàngrán",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "愴然"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chuàngrán",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "怆然"
        },
        {
          "roman": "cǎn",
          "word": "慘"
        },
        {
          "roman": "cǎn",
          "word": "惨"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yōushāng",
          "word": "憂傷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yōushāng",
          "word": "忧伤"
        },
        {
          "roman": "cǎnqī",
          "word": "慘悽"
        },
        {
          "roman": "cǎnqī",
          "word": "惨凄"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yōuchóu",
          "word": "憂愁"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yōuchóu",
          "word": "忧愁"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yōuqī",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "憂戚"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yōuqī",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "忧戚"
        },
        {
          "roman": "cǎndàn",
          "word": "慘淡"
        },
        {
          "roman": "cǎndàn",
          "word": "惨淡"
        },
        {
          "roman": "cǎnlǐn",
          "word": "憯懍"
        },
        {
          "roman": "cǎnlǐn",
          "word": "憯懔"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chóuchóu",
          "word": "懤懤"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chóuchóu",
          "word": "㤽㤽"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chéntòng",
          "word": "沉痛"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qīqiè",
          "word": "淒切"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qīqiè",
          "word": "凄切"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qīcè",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "淒惻"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qīcè",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "凄恻"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qīcǎn",
          "word": "淒慘"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qīcǎn",
          "word": "凄惨"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qīchǔ",
          "word": "淒楚"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qīchǔ",
          "word": "凄楚"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qīliáng",
          "word": "淒涼"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qīliáng",
          "word": "凄凉"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qīrán",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "淒然"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qīrán",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "凄然"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tòngxīn",
          "word": "痛心"
        },
        {
          "roman": "cāngliáng",
          "word": "蒼涼"
        },
        {
          "roman": "cāngliáng",
          "word": "苍凉"
        },
        {
          "roman": "suānxīn",
          "word": "酸心"
        },
        {
          "roman": "nánshòu",
          "word": "難受"
        },
        {
          "roman": "nánshòu",
          "word": "难受"
        },
        {
          "roman": "nánguò",
          "word": "難過"
        },
        {
          "roman": "nánguò",
          "word": "难过"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "青凊"
        },
        {
          "roman": "ànrán",
          "word": "黯然"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min",
        "Southern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "zh-pron": "kan-khó͘-sim"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan-khó͘-sim"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan-khóo-sim"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kanqofsym"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan³³ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sim³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Jinjiang",
        "Philippines",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻²² kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan³³ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sim³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻²² kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "艱苦心"
}
{
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      "expansion": "艱苦心",
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  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
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        "Southern Min Chinese"
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      "glosses": [
        "sad; depressed; painful (in one's heart)"
      ],
      "links": [
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          "sad",
          "sad"
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          "depressed"
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      "raw_glosses": [
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      "tags": [
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  "sounds": [
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      "zh-pron": "kan-khó͘-sim"
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    {
      "tags": [
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      "zh-pron": "kan-khó͘-sim"
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    {
      "tags": [
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        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan-khóo-sim"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kanqofsym"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan³³ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sim³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Jinjiang",
        "Philippines",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻²² kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan³³ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sim³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kan⁴⁴⁻²² kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "jīngjīng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "京京"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngxīn",
      "word": "傷心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngxīn",
      "word": "伤心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngbēi",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "傷悲"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngbēi",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "伤悲"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shānggǎn",
      "word": "傷感"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shānggǎn",
      "word": "伤感"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shānghuái",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "傷懷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shānghuái",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "伤怀"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngtòng",
      "word": "傷痛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngtòng",
      "word": "伤痛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngshén",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "傷神"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngshén",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "伤神"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cìxīn",
      "word": "刺心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āishāng",
      "word": "哀傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āishāng",
      "word": "哀伤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āiqiè",
      "word": "哀切"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āiyuàn",
      "word": "哀怨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āiqī",
      "word": "哀悽"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āiqī",
      "word": "哀凄"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āitòng",
      "word": "哀慟"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āitòng",
      "word": "哀恸"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āiqī",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "哀戚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āitòng",
      "word": "哀痛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīnsuān",
      "word": "心酸"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dáshāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "怛傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dáshāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "怛伤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiǎorán",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悄然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēicuī",
      "tags": [
        "humorous",
        "neologism"
      ],
      "word": "悲催"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qíngshāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "情傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qíngshāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "情伤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēishāng",
      "word": "悲傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēishāng",
      "word": "悲伤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiqiè",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲切"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēi'āi",
      "word": "悲哀"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiqī",
      "word": "悲悽"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiqī",
      "word": "悲凄"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīhuáng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悽惶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīhuáng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄惶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fěicè",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悱惻"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fěicè",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悱恻"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīchuàng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悽愴"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīchuàng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄怆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēichuàng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲愴"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēichuàng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲怆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēicǎn",
      "word": "悲慘"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēicǎn",
      "word": "悲惨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēitòng",
      "word": "悲慟"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēitòng",
      "word": "悲恸"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiqī",
      "word": "悲戚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīqī",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悽戚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīqī",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄戚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēicuī",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲摧"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēichǔ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲楚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiliáng",
      "word": "悲涼"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiliáng",
      "word": "悲凉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēitòng",
      "word": "悲痛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēikǔ",
      "word": "悲苦"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gǎnshāng",
      "word": "感傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gǎnshāng",
      "word": "感伤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiǎochuàng",
      "word": "愀愴"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiǎochuàng",
      "word": "愀怆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chóuchǔ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "愁楚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cèrán",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "惻然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cèrán",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "恻然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chuàngrán",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "愴然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chuàngrán",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "怆然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎn",
      "word": "慘"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎn",
      "word": "惨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōushāng",
      "word": "憂傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōushāng",
      "word": "忧伤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnqī",
      "word": "慘悽"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnqī",
      "word": "惨凄"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuchóu",
      "word": "憂愁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuchóu",
      "word": "忧愁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuqī",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "憂戚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuqī",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "忧戚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎndàn",
      "word": "慘淡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎndàn",
      "word": "惨淡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnlǐn",
      "word": "憯懍"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnlǐn",
      "word": "憯懔"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chóuchóu",
      "word": "懤懤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chóuchóu",
      "word": "㤽㤽"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chéntòng",
      "word": "沉痛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīqiè",
      "word": "淒切"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīqiè",
      "word": "凄切"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīcè",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "淒惻"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīcè",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄恻"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīcǎn",
      "word": "淒慘"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīcǎn",
      "word": "凄惨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīchǔ",
      "word": "淒楚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīchǔ",
      "word": "凄楚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīliáng",
      "word": "淒涼"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīliáng",
      "word": "凄凉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīrán",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "淒然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīrán",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tòngxīn",
      "word": "痛心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cāngliáng",
      "word": "蒼涼"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cāngliáng",
      "word": "苍凉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "suānxīn",
      "word": "酸心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nánshòu",
      "word": "難受"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nánshòu",
      "word": "难受"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nánguò",
      "word": "難過"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nánguò",
      "word": "难过"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "青凊"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ànrán",
      "word": "黯然"
    }
  ],
  "word": "艱苦心"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.