See 困難 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 困難 meaning in All languages combined (30.3kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "róngyì",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “difficult”",
"word": "容易"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You have all chosen a difficult path.",
"ref": "你們選擇了一條困難之路。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "你们选择了一条困难之路。 [MSC, simp.]\nNǐmen xuǎnzé le yī tiáo kùnnan zhī lù. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hard; difficult; challenging"
],
"id": "en-困難-zh-adj-6K~A6Mv~",
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"challenging",
"challenging"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "disadvantaged children",
"roman": "kùnnan értóng",
"text": "困難兒童／困难儿童"
}
],
"glosses": [
"poor; impoverished; disadvantaged"
],
"id": "en-困難-zh-adj-xu~DFCyp",
"links": [
[
"poor",
"poor"
],
[
"impoverished",
"impoverished"
],
[
"disadvantaged",
"disadvantaged"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣˋ ˙ㄋㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣˋ ㄋㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan³ naan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'kun³ lan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-nàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khùn-lân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kung³ lang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kung³ nang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻun⁴-nan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwùn-nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuenn.nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "куньнань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kunʹnanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻun⁴-nan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwùn-nán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuennnan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan nàahn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan³ naan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "kuen³ nan⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn³³ naːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'kun³ lan"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkʰun²¹³⁻²¹ lan¹/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-nàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kun nanˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kun⁴ nan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁵⁵ nan¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khùn-lân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "quonlaan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun¹¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁴¹ lan²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khùng lâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khùng nâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ laŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ naŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "khwonH nan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn³³ naːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkʰun²¹³⁻²¹ lan¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁵⁵ nan¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun¹¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁴¹ lan²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ laŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ naŋ⁵⁵/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "bùróngyì",
"word": "不容易"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qín",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "勤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yínán",
"word": "疑難"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yínán",
"word": "疑难"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liángkǔ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "良苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiānjù",
"word": "艱巨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiānjù",
"word": "艰巨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiānkǔ",
"word": "艱苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiānkǔ",
"word": "艰苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiānnán",
"word": "艱難"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiānnán",
"word": "艰难"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kǔnàn",
"word": "苦難"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kǔnàn",
"word": "苦难"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xīnláo",
"word": "辛勞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xīnláo",
"word": "辛劳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xīnkǔ",
"word": "辛苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "難"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "难"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kùnfá",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "困乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kùnjiǒng",
"word": "困窘"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kùnqióng",
"word": "困窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kùnqióng",
"word": "困穷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kùnkǔ",
"word": "困苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kùndùn",
"word": "困頓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kùndùn",
"word": "困顿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "宋凶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散凶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngkǔ",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dànbó",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "淡薄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngpín",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清貧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngpín",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清贫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "㾪赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "磽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "硗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "䆀康"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kòngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "空乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "窄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiǒngcù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "窘促"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiǒngkùn",
"word": "窘困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiǒngpò",
"word": "窘迫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióng",
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióng",
"word": "穷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "窮乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "穷乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióngkùn",
"word": "窮困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióngkùn",
"word": "穷困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "窮㾪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "穷㾪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióngkǔ",
"word": "窮苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióngkǔ",
"word": "穷苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "窮赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "穷赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "艱苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "艰苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kǔhán",
"word": "苦寒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínfá",
"word": "貧乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínfá",
"word": "贫乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínkùn",
"word": "貧困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínkùn",
"word": "贫困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínhán",
"word": "貧寒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínhán",
"word": "贫寒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínjí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "貧瘠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínjí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "贫瘠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínqióng",
"word": "貧窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínqióng",
"word": "贫穷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínkǔ",
"word": "貧苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínkǔ",
"word": "贫苦"
}
],
"word": "困難"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "困難"
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "困難",
"2": "こんなん",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "困難(こんなん) (konnan)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "곤란(困難)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 곤란(困難) (gollan)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "困難",
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "khốn nạn",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "困難"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: khốn nạn (困難)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "困難",
"2": "こんなん",
"3": "곤란",
"4": "khốn nạn",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "困難",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "困難",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "困難",
"v": "困難",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (困難):\n* → Japanese: 困難(こんなん) (konnan)\n* → Korean: 곤란(困難) (gollan)\n* → Vietnamese: khốn nạn (困難)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "こんなん",
"3": "곤란",
"4": "khốn nạn"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (困難):\n* → Japanese: 困難(こんなん) (konnan)\n* → Korean: 곤란(困難) (gollan)\n* → Vietnamese: khốn nạn (困難)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (困難):\n* → Japanese: 困難(こんなん) (konnan)\n* → Korean: 곤란(困難) (gollan)\n* → Vietnamese: khốn nạn (困難)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Beginning Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 19 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "hūxī kùnnan",
"word": "呼吸困難"
},
{
"roman": "hūxī kùnnan",
"word": "呼吸困难"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be afraid of difficulties",
"roman": "hàipà kùnnan",
"text": "害怕困難／害怕困难"
},
{
"english": "to overcome difficulties",
"roman": "kèfú kùnnan",
"text": "克服困難／克服困难"
},
{
"english": "(to have) breathing difficulty",
"roman": "hūxī kùnnan",
"text": "呼吸困難／呼吸困难"
},
{
"english": "to have many difficulties",
"roman": "kùnnan chóngchóng",
"text": "困難重重／困难重重"
},
{
"english": "difficulties finding a job",
"roman": "jiùyè kùnnan",
"text": "就業困難／就业困难"
},
{
"english": "You can come find me if you have any difficulties.",
"ref": "有什麼困難可以來找我。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "有什么困难可以来找我。 [MSC, simp.]\nYǒu shénme kùnnan kěyǐ lái zhǎo wǒ. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Difficulties can be overcome so long as you have confidence.",
"ref": "只要有信心，困難必戰勝。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "只要有信心，困难必战胜。 [MSC, simp.]\nZhǐyào yǒu xìnxīn, kùnnan bì zhànshèng. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Although my reading skills are very good, I have some difficulty conversing with Chinese people.",
"ref": "雖然我的閱讀水平很好，但是跟中國人講話有點困難。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "虽然我的阅读水平很好，但是跟中国人讲话有点困难。 [MSC, simp.]\nSuīrán wǒ de yuèdú shuǐpíng hěn hǎo, dànshì gēn zhōngguórén jiǎnghuà yǒudiǎn kùnnan. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"difficulty; challenge; dire straits; hardships"
],
"id": "en-困難-zh-noun-yPcU2upT",
"links": [
[
"difficulty",
"difficulty"
],
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
],
[
"dire straits",
"dire straits"
],
[
"hardships",
"hardships"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "kùnjí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "困急"
},
{
"roman": "kùnnan de shìqing",
"word": "困難的事情"
},
{
"roman": "kùnnan de shìqing",
"word": "困难的事情"
},
{
"roman": "tiǎozhàn",
"word": "挑戰"
},
{
"roman": "tiǎozhàn",
"word": "挑战"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣˋ ˙ㄋㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣˋ ㄋㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan³ naan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'kun³ lan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-nàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khùn-lân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kung³ lang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kung³ nang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻun⁴-nan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwùn-nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuenn.nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "куньнань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kunʹnanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻun⁴-nan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwùn-nán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuennnan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan nàahn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan³ naan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "kuen³ nan⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn³³ naːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'kun³ lan"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkʰun²¹³⁻²¹ lan¹/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-nàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kun nanˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kun⁴ nan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁵⁵ nan¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khùn-lân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "quonlaan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun¹¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁴¹ lan²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khùng lâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khùng nâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ laŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ naŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "khwonH nan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn³³ naːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkʰun²¹³⁻²¹ lan¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁵⁵ nan¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun¹¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁴¹ lan²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ laŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ naŋ⁵⁵/"
}
],
"word": "困難"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "困難",
"ruby": [
[
"困",
"こん"
],
[
"難",
"なん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "困難な",
"roman": "konnan na",
"ruby": [
[
"困",
"こん"
],
[
"難",
"なん"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "困難に",
"roman": "konnan ni",
"ruby": [
[
"困",
"こん"
],
[
"難",
"なん"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "困難だろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんだろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan daro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "困難で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "困難だ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんだ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan da",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "困難な",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんな",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "困難なら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんなら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan nara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "困難であれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんであれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan de are",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "困難ではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "困難じゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんじゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan de wa nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan ja nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "困難だった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんだった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan datta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "困難ではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "困難じゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんじゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan de wa nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan ja nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "困難です",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "困難ではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "困難じゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんじゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan de wa arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan ja arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "困難でした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "困難ではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "困難じゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんじゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan de wa arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan ja arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "困難で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "困難なら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんなら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan nara (ba)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "困難だったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんだったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan dattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "困難だろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんだろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan darō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "困難に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "困難さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "konnansa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こんなん",
"infl": "na"
},
"expansion": "困(こん)難(なん) • (konnan) -na (adnominal 困(こん)難(なん)な (konnan na), adverbial 困(こん)難(なん)に (konnan ni))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": ". に",
"attributive": ". な",
"conditional": ". なら（ば）",
"conjunctive": ". で",
"continuative": ". で",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": ". です",
"formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
"formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
"formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
"formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
"formal_past": ". でした",
"hypothetical": ". なら",
"imperative": ". で あれ",
"imperfective": ". だろ",
"informal_negative": ". で は ない",
"informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
"informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
"informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
"informal_past": ". だった",
"kana": "こんなん",
"lemma": "困難",
"provisional": ". だったら",
"terminal": ". だ",
"volitional": ". だろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"difficult, trying, hard"
],
"id": "en-困難-ja-adj-86GvQzSX",
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"trying",
"trying"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
]
}
],
"word": "困難"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "困難",
"ruby": [
[
"困",
"こん"
],
[
"難",
"なん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こんなん"
},
"expansion": "困(こん)難(なん) • (konnan)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"difficulties, hardship, trouble"
],
"id": "en-困難-ja-noun-aDo7pGQs",
"links": [
[
"difficulties",
"difficulties"
],
[
"hardship",
"hardship"
],
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
]
]
}
],
"word": "困難"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "gollan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "곤란",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "곤란"
},
"expansion": "困難 • (gollan) (hangeul 곤란)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "trouble; difficulty",
"word": "곤란"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 곤란 (“trouble; difficulty”)."
],
"id": "en-困難-ko-noun-PEiI4SMX",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"곤란",
"곤란#Korean"
],
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"difficulty",
"difficulty"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "困難"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese adjectives in Han script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of khốn nạn (“difficult”)."
],
"id": "en-困難-vi-adj-WAlBvyYu",
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"khốn nạn",
"khốn nạn#Vietnamese"
],
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
]
]
}
],
"word": "困難"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "interjection",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "vi-interjection"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese adjectives in Han script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese interjections in Han script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of khốn nạn (“(offensive) Damn! Shit!”)."
],
"id": "en-困難-vi-intj-JtLCnOWR",
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"khốn nạn",
"khốn nạn#Vietnamese"
],
[
"Damn",
"damn"
],
[
"Shit",
"shit"
]
]
}
],
"word": "困難"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "róngyì",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “difficult”",
"word": "容易"
}
],
"categories": [
"Beginning Mandarin",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Chinese lemmas"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You have all chosen a difficult path.",
"ref": "你們選擇了一條困難之路。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "你们选择了一条困难之路。 [MSC, simp.]\nNǐmen xuǎnzé le yī tiáo kùnnan zhī lù. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hard; difficult; challenging"
],
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"challenging",
"challenging"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "disadvantaged children",
"roman": "kùnnan értóng",
"text": "困難兒童／困难儿童"
}
],
"glosses": [
"poor; impoverished; disadvantaged"
],
"links": [
[
"poor",
"poor"
],
[
"impoverished",
"impoverished"
],
[
"disadvantaged",
"disadvantaged"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣˋ ˙ㄋㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣˋ ㄋㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan³ naan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'kun³ lan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-nàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khùn-lân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kung³ lang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kung³ nang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻun⁴-nan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwùn-nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuenn.nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "куньнань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kunʹnanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻun⁴-nan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwùn-nán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuennnan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan nàahn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan³ naan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "kuen³ nan⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn³³ naːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'kun³ lan"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkʰun²¹³⁻²¹ lan¹/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-nàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kun nanˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kun⁴ nan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁵⁵ nan¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khùn-lân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "quonlaan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun¹¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁴¹ lan²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khùng lâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khùng nâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ laŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ naŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "khwonH nan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn³³ naːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkʰun²¹³⁻²¹ lan¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁵⁵ nan¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun¹¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁴¹ lan²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ laŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ naŋ⁵⁵/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "bùróngyì",
"word": "不容易"
},
{
"roman": "qín",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "勤"
},
{
"roman": "yínán",
"word": "疑難"
},
{
"roman": "yínán",
"word": "疑难"
},
{
"roman": "liángkǔ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "良苦"
},
{
"roman": "jiānjù",
"word": "艱巨"
},
{
"roman": "jiānjù",
"word": "艰巨"
},
{
"roman": "jiānkǔ",
"word": "艱苦"
},
{
"roman": "jiānkǔ",
"word": "艰苦"
},
{
"roman": "jiānnán",
"word": "艱難"
},
{
"roman": "jiānnán",
"word": "艰难"
},
{
"roman": "kǔnàn",
"word": "苦難"
},
{
"roman": "kǔnàn",
"word": "苦难"
},
{
"roman": "xīnláo",
"word": "辛勞"
},
{
"roman": "xīnláo",
"word": "辛劳"
},
{
"roman": "xīnkǔ",
"word": "辛苦"
},
{
"word": "難"
},
{
"word": "难"
},
{
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "厄"
},
{
"roman": "kùnfá",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "困乏"
},
{
"roman": "kùnjiǒng",
"word": "困窘"
},
{
"roman": "kùnqióng",
"word": "困窮"
},
{
"roman": "kùnqióng",
"word": "困穷"
},
{
"roman": "kùnkǔ",
"word": "困苦"
},
{
"roman": "kùndùn",
"word": "困頓"
},
{
"roman": "kùndùn",
"word": "困顿"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "宋凶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散凶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散赤"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngkǔ",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清苦"
},
{
"roman": "dànbó",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "淡薄"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngpín",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清貧"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngpín",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清贫"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "㾪赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "磽"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "硗"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "䆀康"
},
{
"roman": "kòngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "空乏"
},
{
"word": "窄"
},
{
"roman": "jiǒngcù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "窘促"
},
{
"roman": "jiǒngkùn",
"word": "窘困"
},
{
"roman": "jiǒngpò",
"word": "窘迫"
},
{
"roman": "qióng",
"word": "窮"
},
{
"roman": "qióng",
"word": "穷"
},
{
"roman": "qióngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "窮乏"
},
{
"roman": "qióngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "穷乏"
},
{
"roman": "qióngkùn",
"word": "窮困"
},
{
"roman": "qióngkùn",
"word": "穷困"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "窮㾪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "穷㾪"
},
{
"roman": "qióngkǔ",
"word": "窮苦"
},
{
"roman": "qióngkǔ",
"word": "穷苦"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "窮赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "穷赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "艱苦"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "艰苦"
},
{
"roman": "kǔhán",
"word": "苦寒"
},
{
"roman": "pínfá",
"word": "貧乏"
},
{
"roman": "pínfá",
"word": "贫乏"
},
{
"roman": "pínkùn",
"word": "貧困"
},
{
"roman": "pínkùn",
"word": "贫困"
},
{
"roman": "pínhán",
"word": "貧寒"
},
{
"roman": "pínhán",
"word": "贫寒"
},
{
"roman": "pínjí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "貧瘠"
},
{
"roman": "pínjí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "贫瘠"
},
{
"roman": "pínqióng",
"word": "貧窮"
},
{
"roman": "pínqióng",
"word": "贫穷"
},
{
"roman": "pínkǔ",
"word": "貧苦"
},
{
"roman": "pínkǔ",
"word": "贫苦"
}
],
"word": "困難"
}
{
"categories": [
"Beginning Mandarin",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Chinese lemmas"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "hūxī kùnnan",
"word": "呼吸困難"
},
{
"roman": "hūxī kùnnan",
"word": "呼吸困难"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "困難"
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "困難",
"2": "こんなん",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "困難(こんなん) (konnan)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "곤란(困難)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 곤란(困難) (gollan)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "困難",
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "khốn nạn",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "困難"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: khốn nạn (困難)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "困難",
"2": "こんなん",
"3": "곤란",
"4": "khốn nạn",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "困難",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "困難",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "困難",
"v": "困難",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (困難):\n* → Japanese: 困難(こんなん) (konnan)\n* → Korean: 곤란(困難) (gollan)\n* → Vietnamese: khốn nạn (困難)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "こんなん",
"3": "곤란",
"4": "khốn nạn"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (困難):\n* → Japanese: 困難(こんなん) (konnan)\n* → Korean: 곤란(困難) (gollan)\n* → Vietnamese: khốn nạn (困難)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (困難):\n* → Japanese: 困難(こんなん) (konnan)\n* → Korean: 곤란(困難) (gollan)\n* → Vietnamese: khốn nạn (困難)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with collocations",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be afraid of difficulties",
"roman": "hàipà kùnnan",
"text": "害怕困難／害怕困难"
},
{
"english": "to overcome difficulties",
"roman": "kèfú kùnnan",
"text": "克服困難／克服困难"
},
{
"english": "(to have) breathing difficulty",
"roman": "hūxī kùnnan",
"text": "呼吸困難／呼吸困难"
},
{
"english": "to have many difficulties",
"roman": "kùnnan chóngchóng",
"text": "困難重重／困难重重"
},
{
"english": "difficulties finding a job",
"roman": "jiùyè kùnnan",
"text": "就業困難／就业困难"
},
{
"english": "You can come find me if you have any difficulties.",
"ref": "有什麼困難可以來找我。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "有什么困难可以来找我。 [MSC, simp.]\nYǒu shénme kùnnan kěyǐ lái zhǎo wǒ. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Difficulties can be overcome so long as you have confidence.",
"ref": "只要有信心，困難必戰勝。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "只要有信心，困难必战胜。 [MSC, simp.]\nZhǐyào yǒu xìnxīn, kùnnan bì zhànshèng. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Although my reading skills are very good, I have some difficulty conversing with Chinese people.",
"ref": "雖然我的閱讀水平很好，但是跟中國人講話有點困難。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "虽然我的阅读水平很好，但是跟中国人讲话有点困难。 [MSC, simp.]\nSuīrán wǒ de yuèdú shuǐpíng hěn hǎo, dànshì gēn zhōngguórén jiǎnghuà yǒudiǎn kùnnan. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"difficulty; challenge; dire straits; hardships"
],
"links": [
[
"difficulty",
"difficulty"
],
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
],
[
"dire straits",
"dire straits"
],
[
"hardships",
"hardships"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣˋ ˙ㄋㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣˋ ㄋㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan³ naan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'kun³ lan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-nàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khùn-lân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kung³ lang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kung³ nang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻun⁴-nan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwùn-nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuenn.nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "куньнань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kunʹnanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻun⁴-nan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwùn-nán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuennnan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan nàahn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan³ naan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "kuen³ nan⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn³³ naːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'kun³ lan"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkʰun²¹³⁻²¹ lan¹/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-nàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kun nanˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kun⁴ nan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁵⁵ nan¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khùn-lân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "quonlaan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun¹¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁴¹ lan²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khùng lâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khùng nâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ laŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ naŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "khwonH nan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn³³ naːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkʰun²¹³⁻²¹ lan¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁵⁵ nan¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun¹¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁴¹ lan²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ laŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ naŋ⁵⁵/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "kùnjí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "困急"
},
{
"roman": "kùnnan de shìqing",
"word": "困難的事情"
},
{
"roman": "kùnnan de shìqing",
"word": "困难的事情"
},
{
"roman": "tiǎozhàn",
"word": "挑戰"
},
{
"roman": "tiǎozhàn",
"word": "挑战"
}
],
"word": "困難"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese な-na adjectives"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "困難",
"ruby": [
[
"困",
"こん"
],
[
"難",
"なん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "困難な",
"roman": "konnan na",
"ruby": [
[
"困",
"こん"
],
[
"難",
"なん"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "困難に",
"roman": "konnan ni",
"ruby": [
[
"困",
"こん"
],
[
"難",
"なん"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "困難だろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんだろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan daro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "困難で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "困難だ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんだ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan da",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "困難な",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんな",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "困難なら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんなら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan nara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "困難であれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんであれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan de are",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "困難ではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "困難じゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんじゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan de wa nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan ja nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "困難だった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんだった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan datta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "困難ではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "困難じゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんじゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan de wa nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan ja nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "困難です",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "困難ではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "困難じゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんじゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan de wa arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan ja arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "困難でした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "困難ではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "困難じゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんじゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan de wa arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan ja arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "困難で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "困難なら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんなら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan nara (ba)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "困難だったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんだったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan dattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "困難だろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんだろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan darō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "困難に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "困難さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "こんなんさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "konnansa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こんなん",
"infl": "na"
},
"expansion": "困(こん)難(なん) • (konnan) -na (adnominal 困(こん)難(なん)な (konnan na), adverbial 困(こん)難(なん)に (konnan ni))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": ". に",
"attributive": ". な",
"conditional": ". なら（ば）",
"conjunctive": ". で",
"continuative": ". で",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": ". です",
"formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
"formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
"formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
"formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
"formal_past": ". でした",
"hypothetical": ". なら",
"imperative": ". で あれ",
"imperfective": ". だろ",
"informal_negative": ". で は ない",
"informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
"informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
"informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
"informal_past": ". だった",
"kana": "こんなん",
"lemma": "困難",
"provisional": ". だったら",
"terminal": ". だ",
"volitional": ". だろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"difficult, trying, hard"
],
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"trying",
"trying"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
]
}
],
"word": "困難"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese な-na adjectives"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "困難",
"ruby": [
[
"困",
"こん"
],
[
"難",
"なん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "konnan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こんなん"
},
"expansion": "困(こん)難(なん) • (konnan)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"difficulties, hardship, trouble"
],
"links": [
[
"difficulties",
"difficulties"
],
[
"hardship",
"hardship"
],
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
]
]
}
],
"word": "困難"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "gollan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "곤란",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "곤란"
},
"expansion": "困難 • (gollan) (hangeul 곤란)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "trouble; difficulty",
"word": "곤란"
}
],
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 곤란 (“trouble; difficulty”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"곤란",
"곤란#Korean"
],
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"difficulty",
"difficulty"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "困難"
}
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese adjectives in Han script",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese interjections",
"Vietnamese interjections in Han script",
"Vietnamese lemmas"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Chữ Hán"
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of khốn nạn (“difficult”)."
],
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"khốn nạn",
"khốn nạn#Vietnamese"
],
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
]
]
}
],
"word": "困難"
}
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese adjectives in Han script",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese interjections",
"Vietnamese interjections in Han script",
"Vietnamese lemmas"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "interjection",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "vi-interjection"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"Vietnamese offensive terms"
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of khốn nạn (“(offensive) Damn! Shit!”)."
],
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"khốn nạn",
"khốn nạn#Vietnamese"
],
[
"Damn",
"damn"
],
[
"Shit",
"shit"
]
]
}
],
"word": "困難"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺'",
"path": [
"困難"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "困難",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"困難"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "困難",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland, variant in Taiwan)⁺'",
"path": [
"困難"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "困難",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"困難"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "困難",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"困難"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "困難",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"困難"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "困難",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.