See public on Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "nonpublic"
},
{
"word": "private"
},
{
"word": "unpublic"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "certified public accountant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "go public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "initial public offering"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "in public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "make a public spectacle of oneself"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nobody ever went broke underestimating the good taste of the American public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nobody ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nobody ever went broke underestimating the taste of the American public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nonpublic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "non-public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "no one ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "no one ever went broke underestimating the taste of the American public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "notary public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "online public access catalog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public access"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public access television"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public address system"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public administration"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "publically"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "publican"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public art"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public assistance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public authorities"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public authority"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public body"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public bookcase"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public comment"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public convenience"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public credit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public debt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public defender"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public diplomacy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public display of affection"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public domain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public domainness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public enemy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public enemy number one"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public eye"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public figure"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public finance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public Friend"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public funds"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public good"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public health"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public health funeral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Public Health System"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public hearing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public-hearted"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public historian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public history"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public holiday"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public hotel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public-house"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public house"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public housing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public image"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public indecency"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public information officer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public intellectual"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public interest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public international law"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public intoxication"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public Ivy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public key"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public key certificate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public-key cryptography"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public key cryptography"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public knowledge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public law"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public leaning post"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public library"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public license"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public life"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public limited company"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public limited liability company"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "publicly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "publicly held"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public-minded"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "publicness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public object objectum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public offering"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public office"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public officer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public opinion"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public orator"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public ownership"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public place"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public policy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public pretender"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public-private partnership"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public private partnership"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public property"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public purse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public record"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public relations"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public-relations"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public rhetoric"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public safety announcement"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public-school"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public school"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public-sector"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public sector"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public servant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public service"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public service announcement"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public space"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public speaker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public speaking"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public spending"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public sphere pedagogy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public spirit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public-spirited"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public square"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public telephone"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public television"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public toilet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public transit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public transport"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public transportation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public trust"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public trustee"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public utility"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public walk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public woman"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "public works"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unpublic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "weal-public"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "publik"
},
"expansion": "Middle English publik",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "public"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman public",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "public"
},
"expansion": "Middle French public",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "public",
"t": "(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public; official; (noun) community or its members collectively; nation, state; audience, spectators collectively"
},
"expansion": "Old French public (“(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public; official; (noun) community or its members collectively; nation, state; audience, spectators collectively”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "public"
},
"expansion": "French public",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pūblicus",
"t": "of or belonging to the community, people, or state; general, public"
},
"expansion": "Latin pūblicus (“of or belonging to the community, people, or state; general, public”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*poplos",
"t": "army"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ett",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Etruscan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-",
"t": "to fill"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "people"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of people",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ceorlfolc"
},
"expansion": "Old English ceorlfolc",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective and noun are derived from Late Middle English publik, publike (“(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public or public affairs; (noun) a generally observable place or situation”), from Anglo-Norman public, publik, publique, Middle French public, publique, and Old French public (“(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public; official; (noun) community or its members collectively; nation, state; audience, spectators collectively”) (modern French public, publique (obsolete)); and from their etymon Latin pūblicus (“of or belonging to the community, people, or state; general, public”), an alteration of poplicus (influenced by pūbēs (“adult men; male population”)), from poplus (“community; the people, public; nation, state”) (later populus; from Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”); further origin uncertain, possibly from Etruscan or from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)) + -icus (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’). Doublet of people.\nThe Middle English word displaced native Old English ceorlfolc and folclic.\nThe verb is derived from the adjective.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more public",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most public",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "public (comparative more public, superlative most public)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"publ‧ic"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "people"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "population"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pub"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "publican"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "publication"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "publicise"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "publicize"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "publicist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "publicity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "publish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "republic"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Sixt”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene vi], page 100, column 1:",
"text": "VVith ſcoffes and ſcornes, and contumelious taunts, / In open Market-place produc't they me, / To be a publique ſpectacle to all: / Here, ſayd they, is the Terror of the French, / The Scar-Crovv that affrights our Children ſo.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1597, Richard Hooker, “S. Pauls Writing is No More Preaching, then His Pen or his Hand is His Toong: Seeing They Cannot be the Same which Cannot be Made by the Same Instruments”, in J[ohn] S[penser], editor, Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, […], 2nd edition, London: […] Will[iam] Stansby [for Matthew Lownes], published 1611, →OCLC, book V, page 222:",
"text": "[T]he Apoſtles preached as vvell vvhen they vvrote as vvhen they ſpake the Goſpell of Chriſt, and our vſuall publique reading of the vvord of God for the peoples inſtruction is preaching.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1620, Ios. Hall [i.e., Joseph Hall], “[Contemplations vpon the History of the New Testament. The Second Booke.] The Marriage in Cana.”, in Contemplations [vpon the Principal Passages of the Holy Story], […], volume V, London: […] E[dward] G[riffin] for Henry Fetherstone, →OCLC, page 452:",
"text": "Thy [Jesus's] firſt publique miracle graceth a marriage; It is an ancient and laudable inſtitution, that the rites of matrimony ſhould not vvant a ſolemne celebration; VVhen are feaſts in ſeaſon, if not at the recouery of our loſt ribbe?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1660, William Lower, transl., A Relation in Form of Journal, of the Voiage and Residence which the Most Excellent and Most Mighty Prince Charls the II King of Great Britain, &c. hath Made in Holland, from the 25 of May, to the 2 of June, 1660. […], The Hague: […] Adrian Vlack, →OCLC, page 4:",
"text": "The Parliament alſo permitted General [George] Monck to ſend Mʳ [Thomas] Clarges his brother-in-law, accompanied vvith ſome Officers of the Army, to aſſure his Majeſty [Charles II of England] of the fidelity and obedience of the Army; vvhich had made publick and ſolemn proteſtations thereof, after the Letter and Declaration vvas communicated unto them by the General.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1709 May 16 (Gregorian calendar), Isaac Bickerstaff [pseudonym; Richard Steele et al.], “Thursday, May 5, 1709”, in The Tatler, number 11; republished in [Richard Steele], editor, The Tatler, […], London stereotype edition, volume I, London: I. Walker and Co.; […], 1822, →OCLC, page 73:",
"text": "[O]ur last advices from Spain inform us, that the prince of Asturias had made his public entry into Madrid in great splendour.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1843 December 19, Charles Dickens, “Stave Two. The First of the Three Spirits.”, in A Christmas Carol. In Prose. Being a Ghost Story of Christmas, London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC, pages 58–59:",
"text": "Clear away! There was nothing they wouldn't have cleared away, or couldn't have cleared away, with old Fezziwig looking on. It was done in a minute. Every movable was packed off, as if it were dismissed from public life for evermore; the floor was swept and watered, the lamps were trimmed, fuel was heaped upon the fire; and the warehouse was as snug, and warm, and dry, and bright a ball-room, as you would desire to see upon a winter's night.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011 April 18, Sandra Laville, “Paul Stephenson returns to desk at Metropolitan police”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-10-25:",
"text": "Earlier this month [Tim] Godwin had to make a public apology to the family of Daniel Morgan after the collapse of a £30m inquiry into his murder in 1987.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 19, Joris Luyendijk, “Our banks are not merely out of control. They’re beyond control [print version: Our banks are out of control, 28 June 2013]”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 3, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-03-31, page 21:",
"text": "Seeing the British establishment struggle with the financial sector is like watching an alcoholic who still resists the idea that something drastic needs to happen for him to turn his life around. Until 2008 there was denial over what finance had become. When a series of bank failures made this impossible, there was widespread anger, leading to the public humiliation of symbolic figures.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Able to be known or seen by everyone; happening without concealment; open to general view."
],
"id": "en-public-en-adj-en:open_to_general_view",
"links": [
[
"Able",
"able#Adjective"
],
[
"known",
"know#Verb"
],
[
"seen",
"see#Verb"
],
[
"everyone",
"everyone"
],
[
"happen",
"happen"
],
[
"concealment",
"concealment"
],
[
"open",
"open#Adjective"
],
[
"general",
"general#Adjective"
],
[
"view",
"view#Noun"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:open to general view"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "ictimai"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "asıq",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "асыҡ"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "xalıq ösön asıq",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "халыҡ өсөн асыҡ"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "públičen",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "пу́бличен"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obštodostǎ́pen",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "общодостъ́пен"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "openbaar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "publika"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "julkinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "public"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "público"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sazogadoebrivi",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "საზოგადოებრივი"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "öffentlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "tsiburí",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ציבורי"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sārvajnik",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"singular"
],
"word": "सार्वजनिक"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "nyilvános"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "saathiərĕəʼnaʼ",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "សាធារណៈ"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "javen",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "јавен"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "awam"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "marake"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "mārakerake"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "tūmatanui"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "nap",
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "prubbeco"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "public"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "público"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obščéstvennyj",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "обще́ственный"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obščedostúpnyj",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "общедосту́пный"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "ја̑внӣ"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "jȃvnī"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "público"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "pangmadla"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "sǎa-taa-rá-ná",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "สาธารณะ"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "publíčnyj",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "публі́чний"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 3 2 0",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "xelq"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "public library public park",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1606–1607 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Anthonie and Cleopatra”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii], page 347, column 2:",
"text": "I ſavv her once / Hop forty Paces through the publicke ſtreete, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1848, [Elizabeth Gaskell], chapter I, in Mary Barton: A Tale of Manchester Life. […] (Chapman and Hall’s Series of Original Works of Fiction, Biography, and General Literature), volume I, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, page 1:",
"text": "There are some fields near Manchester, well known to the inhabitants as \"Green Heys Fields,\" through which runs a public footpath to a little village about two miles distant.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1861 January, “A Visit to the Asylum for Aged and Decayed Punsters”, in The Atlantic Monthly. A Magazine of Literature, Art, and Politics, volume VII, number XXXIX, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, […]; London: Trübner and Company, →OCLC, page 114, column 1:",
"text": "Our late distinguished townsman, Noah Dow, Esquire, as is well known, bequeathed a large portion of his fortune to this establishment,—\"being thereto moved,\" as his will expressed it, \"by the desire of N. Dowing some publick Institution for the benefit of Mankind.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1924 July, John Buchan, “The House in Gospel Oak”, in The Three Hostages, London: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC, page 85:",
"text": "Then it occurred to me that I might be doing a rash thing in going off to an unknown house in a seedy suburb. So I went into a public telephone-booth, rang up the Club, and told the porter that if Colonel Arbuthnot called, I was at 4 Palmyra Square, N.W.—I made him write down the address—and would be back before ten o'clock.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1975 December 13, Gerrie Leary, quotee, “‘State House’ Couple Fail To Get License”, in Marion E[lizabeth] Tholander, editor, Gay Community News, volume 3, number 24, Boston, Mass.: GCN, Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1, columns 2–3:",
"text": "The couple had hoped to be married on the actual steps of the State House but State House police made it impossible. Leary claimed that the police had told him that he would be \"arrested\" if he crossed the street. \"They had no right to say that,\" he said. \"The stairway there is a public stairway.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011 May 10, David Smith, “South African ‘baby safe’ condemned by child welfare groups”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-05-16:",
"text": "Officials say about 500 babies are abandoned each year in Western Cape province and that the number is increasing. Some are left for dead on rubbish tips, in refuge bags or at public toilets.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 7, Jonathan Freedland, “Obama is like Apple, Google and Facebook: A once hip brand tainted by Prism [print version: Obama's once hip brand is now tainted, 14 June 2013]”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 1, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-03-31, page 18:",
"text": "Now we are liberal with our innermost secrets, spraying them into the public ether with a generosity our forebears could not have imagined. Where we once sent love letters in a sealed envelope, or stuck photographs of our children in a family album, now such private material is despatched to servers and clouds operated by people we don't know and will never meet.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it; especially, provided by national or local authorities and supported by money from taxes."
],
"id": "en-public-en-adj-en:communal",
"links": [
[
"members",
"member#Noun"
],
[
"community",
"community"
],
[
"as opposed to",
"as opposed to"
],
[
"segment",
"segment#Noun"
],
[
"provide",
"provide"
],
[
"national",
"national#Adjective"
],
[
"local",
"local#Adjective"
],
[
"authorities",
"authority"
],
[
"supported",
"support#Verb"
],
[
"money",
"money#Noun"
],
[
"taxes",
"tax#Noun"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:communal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Business",
"orig": "en:Business",
"parents": [
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it; especially, provided by national or local authorities and supported by money from taxes.",
"Of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly, for example, through a stock market."
],
"id": "en-public-en-adj-en:communal1",
"links": [
[
"members",
"member#Noun"
],
[
"community",
"community"
],
[
"as opposed to",
"as opposed to"
],
[
"segment",
"segment#Noun"
],
[
"provide",
"provide"
],
[
"national",
"national#Adjective"
],
[
"local",
"local#Adjective"
],
[
"authorities",
"authority"
],
[
"supported",
"support#Verb"
],
[
"money",
"money#Noun"
],
[
"taxes",
"tax#Noun"
],
[
"business",
"business"
],
[
"company",
"company#Noun"
],
[
"shares",
"share#Noun"
],
[
"stock",
"stock#Noun"
],
[
"traded",
"trade#Verb"
],
[
"publicly",
"publicly"
],
[
"stock market",
"stock market"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it; especially, provided by national or local authorities and supported by money from taxes.",
"(business) Of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly, for example, through a stock market."
],
"senseid": [
"en:communal",
"en:company"
],
"topics": [
"business"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 3 53 7 5 3 2 2 5 6 5 6 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "publičen",
"sense": "of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly",
"word": "публичен"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 53 7 5 3 2 2 5 6 5 6 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly",
"word": "pörssi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 53 7 5 3 2 2 5 6 5 6 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "koino-",
"sense": "of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly",
"word": "κοινο-"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 53 7 5 3 2 2 5 6 5 6 1",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "tsiburí",
"sense": "of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ציבורי"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 53 7 5 3 2 2 5 6 5 6 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sārvajnik",
"sense": "of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly",
"word": "सार्वजनिक"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 53 7 5 3 2 2 5 6 5 6 1",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly",
"word": "terbuka"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 53 7 5 3 2 2 5 6 5 6 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sangjang-ui",
"sense": "of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly",
"word": "상장(上場)의"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 53 7 5 3 2 2 5 6 5 6 1",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "vēlaṁ",
"sense": "of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly",
"word": "వేలం"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 53 7 5 3 2 2 5 6 5 6 1",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sarvani"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 4 4 8 6 3 1 3 6 7 5 7 0 2 6 9 3 3 2 6 6 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 13 4 1 1 2 9 10 3 11 0 2 9 9 2 2 2 2 9 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 7 5 1 0 2 5 6 4 6 0 2 5 8 2 2 2 3 6 2 3 8 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 6 0 0",
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"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 9 5 3 2 3 7 7 5 8 1 3 7 8 3 4 3 6 7 4",
"kind": "other",
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},
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{
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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{
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},
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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},
{
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
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{
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},
{
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{
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},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 7 6 8 1 3 7 7 3 3 3 9 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Punjabi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 7 6 8 1 3 7 7 3 3 3 9 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 12 5 2 1 3 7 10 4 10 0 2 7 8 2 2 3 3 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 8 7 3 3 3 9 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 11 6 2 1 3 8 9 4 9 0 2 8 8 2 2 2 3 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 10 5 2 1 3 8 8 4 8 0 2 7 9 3 3 3 4 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tarifit translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 9 7 3 3 3 9 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 8 7 3 3 3 9 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkmen translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 9 6 2 1 3 7 8 4 8 1 2 9 8 3 3 3 4 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 10 5 2 1 3 8 8 4 8 0 2 7 9 3 3 3 4 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Zazaki translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 3 3 10 5 1 0 2 5 5 4 10 0 4 7 7 5 5 8 4 6 2 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "en:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1667, J[oseph] G[lanvill], Some Philosophical Considerations Touching the Being of Witches and Witchcraft. […], London: […] E[llen] C[otes] for James Collins […], →OCLC, page 5:",
"text": "[S]tanding publick Records have been kept of theſe vvell atteſted Relations, and Epocha’s made of thoſe unvvonted events.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1673, John Ray, “Of Venice”, in Observations Topographical, Moral, & Physiological; Made in a Journey through part of the Low-countries, Germany, Italy, and France: […], London: […] John Martyn, printer to the Royal Society, […], →OCLC, page 163:",
"text": "[I]f the nominated be to a place vvherein he is entruſted vvith the management of public moneys, he that nominates is ſurety for him, and is to make good vvhat he defrauds the Common-vvealth of.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1729, [Jonathan Swift], A Modest Proposal for Preventing the Children of Poor People from Being a Burthen to Their Parents, or the Country, and for Making Them Beneficial to the Publick, Dublin: […] S[arah] Harding, […], →OCLC, page 16:",
"text": "I Profeſs in the ſincerity of my Heart that I have not the leaſt perſonal Intereſt in endeavouring to promote this neceſſary VVorks having no other Motive than the publick Good of my Country, by advancing our Trade, providing for Infants, relieving the Poor, and giving ſome Pleaſure to the Rich.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1731 (date written), Jonathan Swift, “An Epistle to Mr. [John] Gay”, in Thomas Sheridan, John Nichols, editors, The Works of the Rev. Jonathan Swift, […], new edition, volume VIII, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], published 1801, →OCLC, page 118:",
"text": "I knew a brazen minister of state, / Who bore for twice ten years the publick hate. / In every mouth the question most in vogue / Was, When will they turn out this odious rogue?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1848, John Stuart Mill, “Preliminary Remarks”, in Principles of Political Economy: With Some of Their Applications to Social Philosophy. […], volume I, London: John W[illiam] Parker, […], →OCLC, book I (Production), page 8:",
"text": "Money, being the instrument of an important public and private purpose, is rightly regarded as wealth; but everything else which serves any human purpose, and which nature does not afford gratuitously, is wealth also. […] Everything forms therefore a part of wealth, which has a power of purchasing; for which anything useful or agreeable would be given in exchange.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010 September 16, Adam Vaughan, “Public awareness of the biodiversity crisis is virtually non-existent”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-12-09:",
"text": "A mere 3% of the more than 1,000 people interviewed said they actually knew what the conference was about. It seems safe to say public awareness of the Convention on Biological Awareness in Nagoya – and its goal of safeguarding wildlife – is close to non-existent.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 May 6, George Monbiot, “Why the politics of envy are keenest among the very rich [print version: Money just makes the rich suffer, 17 May 2013]”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 23, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-10-16, page 19:",
"text": "In order to grant the rich these pleasures, the social contract is reconfigured. […] The public realm is privatised, the regulations restraining the ultra-wealthy and the companies they control are abandoned, and Edwardian levels of inequality are almost fetishised.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to the people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people; concerning the whole community or country."
],
"id": "en-public-en-adj-en:popular",
"links": [
[
"Pertaining",
"pertain"
],
[
"people",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"as a whole",
"as a whole"
],
[
"group",
"group#Noun"
],
[
"country",
"country#Noun"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:popular"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕalaniyy",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "عَلَنِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕāmm",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "عَامّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕumūmiyy",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "عُمُومِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "raiz",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "ৰাইজ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "ellik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "ictimai"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "ümumi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "hramádski",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "грама́дскі"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "foran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obštéstven",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "обще́ствен"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "públic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gōnggòng",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "公共"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "veřejný"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "offentlig"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "publiek"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "openbaar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "publika"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "julkinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "público"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "saq̇oveltao",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "საყოველთაო"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sazogadoebrivi",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "საზოგადოებრივი"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "saǯaro",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "საჯარო"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "öffentlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "dimósios",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "δημόσιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "koinós",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "κοινός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "dēmósios",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "δημόσιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "tsiburí",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ציבורי"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jantā",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"singular"
],
"word": "जनता"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "köz-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "nyilvános"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "opinber"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "umum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "poiblí"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "pubblico"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"alt": "こうしゅうの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōshū no",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "公衆の"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "saathiərĕəʼnaʼ",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "សាធារណៈ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gongjung-ui",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "공중(公衆)의"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "publicus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "publičen",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "публичен"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "javen",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "јавен"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "o te katoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "tūmatanui"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "publyi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "allmenn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "allmennt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "offentlig"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "'omumi",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "عمومی"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "publiczny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "público"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obščéstvennyj",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "обще́ственный"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "poblach"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "ја̑внӣ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "jȃvnī"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "verejný"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "javen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "público"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "allmän"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "offentlig"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "pangmadla"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "umumi",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "умумӣ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "rif",
"lang": "Tarifit",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "iwdan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "prajā",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "ప్రజా"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bprà-chaa-chon",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "ประชาชน"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "má-hǎa-chon",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "มหาชน"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "sǎa-taa-rá-ná-chon",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "สาธารณชน"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hromádsʹkyj",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "грома́дський"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "công cộng"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "deg"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 5 31 3 3 6 1 7 7 7 22 0",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "degme"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "public housing public officer public prosecutor public servant",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1606, C[aius, i.e., Gaius] Suetonius Tranquillus, “The Historie of Caius Iulius Cesar Dictator”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of Twelve Cæsars Emperours of Rome. […], London: […] [Humphrey Lownes and George Snowdon] for Matthew Lownes, →OCLC, section 20, page 8:",
"text": "Hee brought-in likevvise the ancient cuſtome againe, that in vvhat moneth hee had not the Knitches of rods vvith Axes borne before him, a publique Officer called Accensvs ſhould huiſher him before, and the Serjeants or Lictours follovv after behinde.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1673, John Ray, “Of Venice”, in Observations Topographical, Moral, & Physiological; Made in a Journey through part of the Low-countries, Germany, Italy, and France: […], London: […] John Martyn, printer to the Royal Society, […], →OCLC, page 170:",
"text": "[T]hoſe vvho aſſiſt the Commonvvealth in a time of need vvith their eſtates, lending ſuch a ſum of mony as the Lavv determines, have liberty granted them to be preſent in this Council, and to underſtand the management of public affairs (yet vvithout povver of balloting) till ſuch time as their moneys be repaid, and ſometimes longer.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1742, [Samuel Richardson], “Letter X. From Miss Darnford to Her Father and Mother.”, in Pamela; Or, Virtue Rewarded. […], 3rd edition, volume IV, London: […] S[amuel] Richardson; and sold by J. Osborn, […]; and J[ohn] Rivington, […], →OCLC, pages 59–60:",
"text": "[P]oor Houſekeepers, vvho vvill be glad to accept of ſome private Benefactions, and yet, having lived creditably, till reduced by Misfortunes, are aſhamed to apply for publick Relief: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1791, James Boswell, quoting Samuel Johnson, “[1783]”, in The Life of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. […], volume II, London: […] Henry Baldwin, for Charles Dilly, […], →OCLC, page 440:",
"text": "It is vvonderful, Sir, vvith hovv little real ſuperiority of mind men can make an eminent figure in publick life.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1869, Louisa M[ay] Alcott, “[A] Friend”, in Little Women: […], part second, Boston, Mass.: Roberts Brothers, →OCLC, page 162:",
"text": "Eager to find material for stories, and bent on making them original in plot, if not masterly in execution, […] she excited the suspicions of public librarians by asking for works on poisons; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XLIV, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC, page 356:",
"text": "From another point of view, it was a place without a soul. The well-to-do had hearts of stone; the rich were brutally bumptious; the Press, the Municipality, all the public men, were ridiculously, vaingloriously self-satisfied.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2004 June 18, “Economic policy: For art's sake”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-11-22:",
"text": "But culture's total budget is a tiny proportion of all public spending; it is one of the government's most visible success stories.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community, rather than by a private organization."
],
"id": "en-public-en-adj-en:representative",
"links": [
[
"Officially",
"officially"
],
[
"represent",
"represent"
],
[
"carried out",
"carry out"
],
[
"funded",
"fund#Verb"
],
[
"government",
"government"
],
[
"state",
"state#Noun"
],
[
"private",
"private#Adjective"
],
[
"organization",
"organization"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:representative"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕumūmiyy",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "عُمُومِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "dövlət"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "publíčny",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "публі́чны"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "hramádski",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "грама́дскі"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "publíčen",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "публи́чен"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obštéstven",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "обще́ствен"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "overheids-"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "staats-"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "julkinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "julkisoikeudellinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "public"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "público"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "saxelmc̣ipo",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "სახელმწიფო"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "saǯaro",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "საჯარო"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "dimósios",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "δημόσιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "dēmósios",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "δημόσιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "tsiburí",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ציבורי"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sārvajnik",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "सार्वजनिक"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "köz-"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "umum"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "poiblí"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "pubblico"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "saathiərĕəʼnaʼ",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "សាធារណៈ"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "publicus"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "javen",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "јавен"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "publiczny"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "público"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "estatal"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "publíčnyj",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "публи́чный"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obščéstvennyj",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "обще́ственный"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "público"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "statlig"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "pangmadla"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "prabhutva nidhi",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "ప్రభుత్వ నిధి"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "sǎa-taa-rá-ná",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "สาธารณะ"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "publíčnyj",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "публі́чний"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hromádsʹkyj",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "грома́дський"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 7 55 2 1 2 7 5 4 6 1",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dewlet"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "public face public image",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1709 May 14 (Gregorian calendar), Jenny Distaff [pseudonym; Richard Steele], “Tuesday, May 3, 1709”, in The Tatler, number 10; republished in [Richard Steele], editor, The Tatler, […], London stereotype edition, volume I, London: I. Walker and Co.; […], 1822, →OCLC, page 60:",
"text": "The first that I lay my hands on, is a treatise concerning 'the empire of beauty,' and the effects it has had in all nations of the world, upon the public and private actions of men; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1814 May 9, [Jane Austen], chapter III, in Mansfield Park: […], volume III, London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC, page 67:",
"text": "The preacher […] who can say any thing new or striking, any thing that rouses the attention, without offending the taste, or wearing out the feelings of his hearers, is a man whom one could not (in his public capacity) honour enough.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to a person in the capacity in which they deal with other people on a formal or official basis, as opposed to a personal or private capacity; official, professional."
],
"id": "en-public-en-adj-bWt~ovN6",
"links": [
[
"capacity",
"capacity"
],
[
"deal with",
"deal with"
],
[
"formal",
"formal#Adjective"
],
[
"official",
"official#Adjective"
],
[
"basis",
"basis"
],
[
"personal",
"personal#Adjective"
],
[
"professional",
"professional#Adjective"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Object-oriented programming",
"orig": "en:Object-oriented programming",
"parents": [
"Programming",
"Computing",
"Software engineering",
"Technology",
"Computer science",
"Engineering",
"Software",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Applied sciences",
"Media",
"Fundamental",
"Communication"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of an object: accessible to the program in general, not only to a class or subclass."
],
"id": "en-public-en-adj-en:programming",
"links": [
[
"object-oriented programming",
"object-oriented programming"
],
[
"object",
"object#Noun"
],
[
"accessible",
"accessible"
],
[
"program",
"program#Noun"
],
[
"in general",
"in general"
],
[
"class",
"class#Noun"
],
[
"subclass",
"subclass"
]
],
"qualifier": "object-oriented programming",
"raw_glosses": [
"(not comparable, by extension, object-oriented programming) Of an object: accessible to the program in general, not only to a class or subclass."
],
"senseid": [
"en:programming"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 12 2 3 46 0 4 5 4 11 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(object-oriented programming) of an object: accessible to the program in general, not only to a class or subclass",
"word": "julkinen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1549 February 10 (Gregorian calendar; indicated as 1548), Erasmus, “The Paraphrase of Erasmus vpon the Gospell of Sainct John. The .vij. Chapter.”, in Nicolas Udall [i.e., Nicholas Udall], transl., The First Tome or Volume of the Paraphrase of Erasmus vpon the Newe Testamente, London: […] Edwarde Whitchurche, →OCLC, folio lviii, recto:",
"text": "[…] Nicodemus had not affirmed him [Jesus] to be a prophete, but ſayde: whoſoeuer he be, he ought not after our common, or rather publike law, (that is to ſaye, a lawe which indifferently perteyneth to all men of euery ſtate) to be condemned, except his cauſe be knowen before.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1665, Robert Boyle, “Occasional Reflections. Discourse XVII. Upon Ones Talking to an Eccho.”, in [John Weyland], editor, Occasional Reflections upon Several Subjects. With a Discourse about Such Kind of Thoughts, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Alex[ander] Ambrose Masson; and sold by John Henry Parker, […], published 1848, →OCLC, section IV (Which Treats of Angling Improv’d to Spiritual Uses), page 274:",
"text": "[S]uch a one concerns himself very needlessly for almost all the publique Quarrels in Christendome, and shews himself zealous for a party which will receive no advantage by his disquiets; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to nations collectively, or to nations regarded as civilized; international, supernational."
],
"id": "en-public-en-adj-TTeQKm-E",
"links": [
[
"nations",
"nation#Noun"
],
[
"collectively",
"collectively"
],
[
"regarded",
"regard#Verb"
],
[
"civilized",
"civilized#Adjective"
],
[
"international",
"international#Adjective"
],
[
"supernational",
"supernational"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic)",
"Pertaining to nations collectively, or to nations regarded as civilized; international, supernational."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 9 5 2 1 3 9 9 4 7 1 2 7 8 3 3 3 4 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 10 5 2 1 3 9 10 4 8 0 2 7 8 2 3 3 3 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1652, Alexander Giraffi [i.e., Alessandro Giraffi], “The Second Tumults Happened in the City of Naples, Held to be Hotter and Higher than the Former, which Succeeded the 7. of July”, in James Howell, transl., An Exact History of the Late Revolutions in Naples; […], revised edition, London: […] R[ichard] Lowndes […], published 1663, →OCLC, part II (The Second Part of Massaniello, […]), page 43:",
"text": "[T]he ſaid [Joseph] Palumbo vvas reſtrain'd to Saint Lorenzo; but being a popular man, and one knovvn to be a good Patriot, and of a publick ſoul, and a perſon of integrity; there vvere four thouſand of the beſt armed men joyn'd together, to vindicate and free the ſaid Palumbo, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1664 January (first performance), Robert Howard; [John Dryden], “The Indian Queen, a Tragedy”, in Four New Plays, […], London: […] Henry Herringman, […], published 1665, →OCLC, Act IV, scene i, page 161:",
"text": "Suppoſe I ſhou'd ſtrike firſt, vvou'd it not breed / Grief in your publick heart to ſee her bleed?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Winter”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC, pages 185–186, lines 593–597:",
"text": "As thus vve talk'd, / Our hearts vvould burn vvithin us, vvould inhale / That portion of divinity, that ray / Of pureſt heaven, vvhich lights the public ſoul / Of patriots, and of heroes.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1850, R[alph] W[aldo] Emerson, “Napoleon; or, The Man of the World”, in Representative Men: Seven Lectures, Boston, Mass.: Phillips, Sampson and Company, […], →OCLC, pages 228–229:",
"text": "Napoleon had been the first man of the world, if his ends had been purely public.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Now chiefly in public spirit and public-spirited: seeking to further the best interests or well-being of the community or nation."
],
"id": "en-public-en-adj-aHXyBrvN",
"links": [
[
"public spirit",
"public spirit"
],
[
"public-spirited",
"public-spirited"
],
[
"seeking",
"seek#Verb"
],
[
"further",
"further#Verb"
],
[
"best",
"good#Adjective"
],
[
"interests",
"interest#Noun"
],
[
"well-being",
"well-being"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic)",
"Now chiefly in public spirit and public-spirited: seeking to further the best interests or well-being of the community or nation."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 5 5 4 11 6 3 3 53 3 3 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "seeking to further the best interests or well-being of the community or nation",
"word": "yleistä etua ajava"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 10 4 2 1 2 7 9 5 9 0 2 8 7 2 2 2 10 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 9 5 2 1 3 9 9 4 7 1 2 7 8 3 3 3 4 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 8 5 7 1 3 8 7 3 3 3 9 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 9 5 2 1 3 7 9 4 8 1 3 7 8 3 3 3 4 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 8 5 3 2 3 8 10 4 7 0 2 7 7 3 3 3 4 9 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 7 3 6 2 2 7 8 6 6 0 3 8 7 3 3 3 8 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 10 5 2 1 3 9 10 4 8 0 2 7 8 2 3 3 3 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 7 4 2 2 3 7 8 8 6 1 2 6 8 2 3 3 9 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 9 6 2 1 3 7 8 4 8 1 2 9 8 3 3 3 4 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1723, [Daniel Defoe], The History and Remarkable Life of the Truly Honourable Col. Jacque, Commonly Call’d Col. Jack, […], 2nd edition, London: […] J[ohn] Brotherton, […], →OCLC, page 340:",
"text": "I VVas not ſo publick here, as to be very vvell knovvn, at leaſt by any one that had Knovvledge of me in the Country vvhere I liv'd; and this vvas indeed my ſafety aftervvard, as you vvill ſoon hear; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Now only in public figure: famous, prominent, well-known."
],
"id": "en-public-en-adj-oQBbG8yn",
"links": [
[
"public figure",
"public figure"
],
[
"famous",
"famous#Adjective"
],
[
"prominent",
"prominent#Adjective"
],
[
"well-known",
"well-known"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic)",
"Now only in public figure: famous, prominent, well-known."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "en:Education",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 7 4 5 1 2 6 7 9 6 1 2 8 7 3 3 3 9 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 7 4 2 2 3 7 8 8 6 1 2 6 8 2 3 3 9 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1564 February, Erasmus, “The Saiynges of Socrates”, in Nicolas Udall [i.e., Nicholas Udall], transl., Apophthegmes, that is to Saie, Prompte, Quicke, Wittie and Sentẽcious Saiynges, […], London: […] Ihon Kingston, →OCLC, book I, folio 4, recto, paragraph 11:",
"text": "I meruailled, why himſelf [Niccolò Leoniceno] did not practiſe Phiſike of whiche facultee he was a Doctour, and a publique reader: I auaile moche more, ſaieth he, in that I teach all thother Phiſiciãs [physicians].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In some older universities in the United Kingdom: open or pertaining to the whole university, as opposed to a constituent college or an individual staff member or student."
],
"id": "en-public-en-adj-tdYSyQk4",
"links": [
[
"education",
"education"
],
[
"older",
"old#Adjective"
],
[
"universities",
"university"
],
[
"United Kingdom",
"United Kingdom"
],
[
"constituent",
"constituent#Adjective"
],
[
"college",
"college"
],
[
"individual",
"individual#Adjective"
],
[
"staff",
"staff#Adjective"
],
[
"student",
"student"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, education, chiefly historical) In some older universities in the United Kingdom: open or pertaining to the whole university, as opposed to a constituent college or an individual staff member or student."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"education"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 7 7 13 1 7 1 0 1 1 53 7 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "open or pertaining to the whole university, as opposed to a constituent college or an individual staff member or student",
"word": "kaikille avoin"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 4 4 8 6 3 1 3 6 7 5 7 0 2 6 9 3 3 2 6 6 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 13 4 1 1 2 9 10 3 11 0 2 9 9 2 2 2 2 9 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 7 5 1 0 2 5 6 4 6 0 2 5 8 2 2 2 3 6 2 3 8 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 6 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 9 5 3 2 3 7 7 5 8 1 3 7 8 3 4 3 6 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 10 4 2 1 2 7 9 5 9 0 2 8 7 2 2 2 10 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 10 4 2 1 3 7 7 5 8 1 3 6 8 3 3 3 8 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 12 5 2 1 3 8 8 4 10 0 2 7 8 2 3 3 3 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 9 5 2 1 3 6 7 6 8 0 3 7 8 3 3 3 9 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Neapolitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 9 4 3 2 3 6 6 6 8 1 3 6 8 3 3 4 8 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 5 7 2 2 6 6 5 7 0 2 7 6 4 4 3 8 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 3 3 10 5 1 0 2 5 5 4 10 0 4 7 7 5 5 8 4 6 2 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "en:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1697, Virgil, “The First Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 68, lines 639–640:",
"text": "In Iron Clouds conceal'd the Publick Light: / And Impious Mortals fear'd Eternal Night.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1858 January 17 (date written), Nathaniel Hawthorne, “The Mediterranean Sea”, in Passages from the French and Italian Note-books of Nathaniel Hawthorne, volume I, London: Strahan & Co., […], published 1871, →OCLC, page 54:",
"text": "In the squares and places you see half-a-dozen of them together, sitting in a social circle on the bottoms of upturned baskets, knitting, talking, and enjoying the public sunshine, as if it were their own household fire.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to the human race as a whole; common, universal."
],
"id": "en-public-en-adj-8ZMP-aJY",
"links": [
[
"human race",
"human race"
],
[
"common",
"common#Adjective"
],
[
"universal",
"universal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete)",
"Of or pertaining to the human race as a whole; common, universal."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1777, William Robertson, “Notes and Illustrations. Note I.”, in The History of America, volume II, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan; T[homas] Cadell, […]; Edinburgh: J[ohn] Balfour, →OCLC, page 441:",
"text": "The firſt of his [Hernán Cortés's] diſpatches has never been made public. It vvas ſent from Vera-Cruz, July 16th, 1519.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly in make public: of a work: printed or otherwise published."
],
"id": "en-public-en-adj-VCfABcui",
"links": [
[
"make",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"work",
"work#Noun"
],
[
"printed",
"printed#Adjective"
],
[
"published",
"published#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete)",
"Chiefly in make public: of a work: printed or otherwise published."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʌblɪk/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-public.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/En-us-public.ogg/En-us-public.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/En-us-public.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʊblɪk/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌblɪk"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "publick"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "publicke"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "publike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "publique"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕumūmiyy",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "عُمُومِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "açıq"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "ellik"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "ictimai"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "ümumi"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "asıq",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "асыҡ"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obštestven",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "обществен"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gōnggòng",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "公共"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "veřejný"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "publiek"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "openbaar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "publika"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "julkinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "yleinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "public"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "saq̇oveltao",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "საყოველთაო"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "saǯaro",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "საჯარო"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "dimósios",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "δημόσιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "koinós",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "κοινός"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "dēmósios",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "δημόσιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "tsiburí",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ציבורי"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sārvajnik",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "सार्वजनिक"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "köz-"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "közösségi"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "nyilvános"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "umum"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "poiblí"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"alt": "こうきょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōkyō",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "公共"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "saathiərĕəʼnaʼ",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "សាធារណៈ"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gonggong-ui",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "공공(公共)의"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "publicus"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "javen",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "јавен"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "tūmatanui"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "عمومی"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "público"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "publíčnyj",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "публи́чный"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obščéstvennyj",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "обще́ственный"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otkrýtyj",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "откры́тый"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "poblach"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "público"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "pangmadla"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "bāhāṭamu",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "బాహాటము"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "publíčnyj",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "публі́чний"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "công cộng"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 33 33 7 3 4 2 1 2 4 7 2 0",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "sariye"
}
],
"word": "public"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "antipublic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "general public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Joe Public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "John Q. Public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "member of the public"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "publik"
},
"expansion": "Middle English publik",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "public"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman public",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "public"
},
"expansion": "Middle French public",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "public",
"t": "(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public; official; (noun) community or its members collectively; nation, state; audience, spectators collectively"
},
"expansion": "Old French public (“(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public; official; (noun) community or its members collectively; nation, state; audience, spectators collectively”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "public"
},
"expansion": "French public",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pūblicus",
"t": "of or belonging to the community, people, or state; general, public"
},
"expansion": "Latin pūblicus (“of or belonging to the community, people, or state; general, public”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*poplos",
"t": "army"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ett",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Etruscan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-",
"t": "to fill"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "people"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of people",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ceorlfolc"
},
"expansion": "Old English ceorlfolc",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective and noun are derived from Late Middle English publik, publike (“(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public or public affairs; (noun) a generally observable place or situation”), from Anglo-Norman public, publik, publique, Middle French public, publique, and Old French public (“(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public; official; (noun) community or its members collectively; nation, state; audience, spectators collectively”) (modern French public, publique (obsolete)); and from their etymon Latin pūblicus (“of or belonging to the community, people, or state; general, public”), an alteration of poplicus (influenced by pūbēs (“adult men; male population”)), from poplus (“community; the people, public; nation, state”) (later populus; from Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”); further origin uncertain, possibly from Etruscan or from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)) + -icus (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’). Doublet of people.\nThe Middle English word displaced native Old English ceorlfolc and folclic.\nThe verb is derived from the adjective.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "publics",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "public (countable and uncountable, plural publics)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"publ‧ic"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Members of the public may not proceed beyond this point.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The New Arcadia",
"ref": "a. 1587, Philippe Sidnei [i.e., Philip Sidney], “[The Thirde Booke] Chapter 19”, in [Fulke Greville; Matthew Gwinne; John Florio], editors, The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia [The New Arcadia], London: […] [John Windet] for William Ponsonbie, published 1590, →OCLC, folio 325, recto:",
"text": "In ſũ [sum], you are a Prince, & a father of people, vvho ought vvith the eye of vviſdome, the hand of fortitude, and the hart of iuſtice to ſet dovvne all priuate conceits, in compariſon of vvhat for the publike is profitable.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611, Ben[jamin] Jonson, Catiline His Conspiracy, London: […] [William Stansby?] for Walter Burre, →OCLC, Act V, signature O, verso:",
"text": "Here, you, the ſad reuengers / Of capitall crimes, againſt the Publicke, take / This man vnto your iuſtice: ſtrangle him.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1665, Robert Boyle, “Occasional Reflections. Discourse XI. Upon a Danger Springing from an Unseasonable Contest with the Steersman.”, in [John Weyland], editor, Occasional Reflections upon Several Subjects. With a Discourse about Such Kind of Thoughts, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Alex[ander] Ambrose Masson; and sold by John Henry Parker, […], published 1848, →OCLC, section IV (Which Treats of Angling Improv’d to Spiritual Uses), page 238:",
"text": "[I]t is not only requisite that the Prince know how to command well, but that the Subjects obey well; and that even weak Counsel, faithfully assisted, and as much as may be rectified or repaired by those that are to Execute them, may less prejudice the publick, than the froward and jarring endeavours of Men, that perhaps would be wiser Rulers if they had a right to be so.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1673, John Ray, “Of Venice”, in Observations Topographical, Moral, & Physiological; Made in a Journey through part of the Low-countries, Germany, Italy, and France: […], London: […] John Martyn, printer to the Royal Society, […], →OCLC, page 154:",
"text": "And though the public be not ſo rich as it hath been, yet vvill it ſoon recover itſelf and grovv vvealthy again upon the enjoyment of Peace and free Commerce.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1769, William Blackstone, “Of Offences against the Public Peace”, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book IV (Of Public Wrongs), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 151:",
"text": "[T]he only facts to be conſidered [in the crime of libel] are, firſt, the making or publiſhing of the book or vvriting; and ſecondly, vvhether the matter be criminal: and, if both theſe points are againſt the defendant, the offence againſt the public is complete.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1904–1905, Baroness Orczy [i.e., Emma Orczy], “The Tremarn Case”, in The Case of Miss Elliott, London: T[homas] Fisher Unwin, published 1905, →OCLC, section 2; republished as popular edition, London: Greening & Co., 1909, OCLC 11192831, quoted in The Case of Miss Elliott (ebook no. 2000141h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg of Australia, February 2020:",
"text": "Two or three months more went by; the public were eagerly awaiting the arrival of this semi-exotic claimant to an English peerage, and sensations, surpassing those of the Tichborne case, were looked forward to with palpitating interest.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2007 May 4, Martin Jacques, “Sarkozy plays the race card – and our establishment cheers”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-08-08:",
"text": "[George Walker] Bush and [Tony] Blair stand condemned by their own publics and face imminent political extinction.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly preceded by the: members of the community or the people in general, regardless of membership of any particular group."
],
"id": "en-public-en-noun-Scot~op3",
"links": [
[
"the",
"the#Article"
],
[
"members",
"member#Noun"
],
[
"community",
"community"
],
[
"people",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"in general",
"in general"
],
[
"membership",
"membership"
],
[
"particular",
"particular#Adjective"
],
[
"group",
"group#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, uncountable) Chiefly preceded by the: members of the community or the people in general, regardless of membership of any particular group."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "publik"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕāmma",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "عَامَّة"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jumhūr",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "جُمْهُور"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hasarakutʻyun",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "հասարակություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "camaat"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "ictimaiyyət"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "públika",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пу́бліка"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "hramádzkascʹ",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "грама́дзкасць"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "públika",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пу́блика"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obštéstvenost",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "обще́ственост"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "公眾"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "gung¹ zung³",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "公众"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "大眾"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "daai⁶ zung³",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "大众"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "公眾"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gōngzhòng",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "公众"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "大眾"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dàzhòng",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "大众"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "veřejnost"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "offentlighed"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "publiek"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "publiko"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "avalikkus"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "yleisö"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "public"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ṗubliḳa",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "პუბლიკა"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sazogadoeba",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "საზოგადოება"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "xalxi",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "ხალხი"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Publikum"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Öffentlichkeit"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "koinó",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κοινό"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "piblik"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "kahál",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "קהל"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "tsibúr",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "צִבּוּר"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jantā",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "जनता"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "lok",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "लोक"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "lok-jan",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "लोक-जन"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sarvajan",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "सर्वजन"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jansādhāraṇ",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "जनसाधारण"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jansāmānya",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "जनसामान्य"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "avām",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "अवाम"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "nagyközönség"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "nyilvánosság"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "almenningur"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "publik"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "khalayak"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "an pobal"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "na daoine"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pubblico"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"alt": "こうきょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōkyō",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "公共"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"alt": "たいしゅう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "taishū",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "大衆"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "äleumet",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "әлеумет"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "jūrtşylyq",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "жұртшылық"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "bɑɑbɑndaa riəh",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "បណ្ដារាស្ត្រ"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "mɔhaacŭən",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "មហាជន"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "nĕək phɑɑng",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "អ្នកផង"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "saathiərĕəʼnaʼ cŭən",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "សាធារណជន"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"alt": "大衆",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "daejung",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "대중"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"alt": "公共",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gonggong",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "공공"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "koomculuk",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "коомчулук"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "sā thā la na",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "ສາທາລະນະ"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "sā thā la na son",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "ສາທາລະນະຊົນ"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "publicum"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vulgus"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "publika"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sabiedrība"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "publika"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "visuomenė"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "javnost",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "јавност"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "marea"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "ard olon",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "ард олон"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "olon niit",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "олон нийт"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "allmennhet"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "nb",
"english": "the public",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "offentligheten"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "folc"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "'omum",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "عُموم"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "publika"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "społeczeństwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "público"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "avām",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "ਅਵਾਮ"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "jantā",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ਜਨਤਾ"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "public"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "públika",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пу́блика"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naród",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "наро́д"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obščéstvennostʹ",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "обще́ственность"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sluagh"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "пу̀блика"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "ја́вно̄ст"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pùblika"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "jávnōst"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "shn",
"lang": "Shan",
"roman": "kúun móeng",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "ၵူၼ်းမိူင်း"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "verejnosť"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "javnost"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "público"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"class-12",
"class-14"
],
"word": "umma"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "allmänhet"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "bayan"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "madla"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "umum",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "умум"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "prajalu",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "ప్రజలు"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bprà-chaa-chon",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "ประชาชน"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "má-hǎa-chon",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "มหาชน"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "sǎa-taa-rá-ná-chon",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "สาธารณชน"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "halk"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "kamu"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "köpçülik"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "públika",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пу́бліка"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hromádsʹkistʹ",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "грома́дськість"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "'avām",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "عَوام"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "awam",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "ئاۋام"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "jama'et",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "جامائەت"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "köpchilik",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "كۆپچىلىك"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "avom"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "jamoat"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "jamoatchilik"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "công chúng"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "xã hội"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "cyhoedd"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "oylem",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "עולם"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sar (diq)"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 4 6 4 4 11 2 15",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "şar (diq)"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 8 7 3 3 3 9 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 8 5 7 1 3 8 7 3 3 3 9 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 7 4 5 1 2 6 7 9 6 1 2 8 7 3 3 3 9 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 7 4 5 1 3 6 6 5 7 1 3 9 7 3 4 3 8 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 7 3 6 2 2 7 8 6 6 0 3 8 7 3 3 3 8 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 8 7 3 3 3 9 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 10 5 2 1 3 8 8 4 8 0 2 9 9 3 3 3 4 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 8 7 3 3 3 9 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 8 7 3 3 3 9 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 8 7 3 3 3 9 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 6 6 7 0 3 9 7 3 4 3 8 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mongolian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 5 7 1 3 8 8 3 3 3 8 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norman translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 5 7 2 2 6 6 5 7 0 2 7 6 4 4 3 8 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 8 7 3 3 3 9 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 9 7 3 3 3 9 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 8 7 3 3 3 9 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkmen translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 9 6 2 1 3 7 8 4 8 1 2 9 8 3 3 3 4 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1823, [Walter Scott], “Introduction”, in Quentin Durward. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co., →OCLC, page xiii:",
"text": "By dint of drinking acid tiff, as above mentioned, and smoking segars, in which I am no novice, my Public are to be informed, that I gradually drank and smoked myself into a certain degree of acquaintance with un homme comme il faut [a decent man], one of the few fine old specimens of nobility who are still to be found in France; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Preceded by a possessive determiner such as my, your, or their: a group of people who support a particular person, especially a performer, a writer, etc.; an audience, a following."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "readership"
},
{
"word": "viewership"
}
],
"id": "en-public-en-noun-RwOxTdHB",
"links": [
[
"my",
"my#Determiner"
],
[
"your",
"your#Determiner"
],
[
"their",
"their#Determiner"
],
[
"support",
"support#Verb"
],
[
"performer",
"performer"
],
[
"writer",
"writer"
],
[
"audience",
"audience"
],
[
"following",
"following#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable)",
"Preceded by a possessive determiner such as my, your, or their: a group of people who support a particular person, especially a performer, a writer, etc.; an audience, a following."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(“an inn, a pub”); also (dated), in full public bar: the more basic bar in a public house, as contrasted with the lounge bar or saloon bar which has more comfortable seats, personalized service, etc",
"word": "public house"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 4 4 8 6 3 1 3 6 7 5 7 0 2 6 9 3 3 2 6 6 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 7 5 1 0 2 5 6 4 6 0 2 5 8 2 2 2 3 6 2 3 8 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 6 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 9 5 3 2 3 7 7 5 8 1 3 7 8 3 4 3 6 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 9 5 2 1 3 9 9 4 7 1 2 7 8 3 3 3 4 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 9 5 2 1 3 7 9 4 8 1 3 7 8 3 3 3 4 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 10 5 2 1 3 8 8 4 8 0 2 9 9 3 3 3 4 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 7 4 2 2 3 7 8 8 6 1 2 6 8 2 3 3 9 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 9 5 2 1 3 6 7 6 8 0 3 7 8 3 3 3 9 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Neapolitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 5 7 1 3 8 8 3 3 3 8 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norman translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 10 5 2 1 3 8 8 4 8 0 2 7 9 3 3 3 4 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tarifit translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 9 6 2 1 3 7 8 4 8 1 2 9 8 3 3 3 4 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 10 5 2 1 3 8 8 4 8 0 2 7 9 3 3 3 4 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Zazaki translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1824 June, [Walter Scott], “Narrative of Alan Fairford, Continued”, in Redgauntlet, […], volume II, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co., →OCLC, page 291:",
"text": "[T]hese inconsiderate lads will be out of the house, and away to the publicks, wasting their precious time, and, it may be, missing the morning tide.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1956, Ngaio Marsh, “Camilla”, in Off with His Head (A New Portway Large Print Book), Bath, Somerset: Chivers Press, published 1987, →ISBN, page 26:",
"text": "The bar-parlour at the Green Man was in the oldest part of the pub. It lay at right angles to the Public which was partly visible and could be reached from it by means of a flap in the bar counter.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Short for public house (“an inn, a pub”); also (dated), in full public bar: the more basic bar in a public house, as contrasted with the lounge bar or saloon bar which has more comfortable seats, personalized service, etc."
],
"id": "en-public-en-noun-hK92E4I1",
"links": [
[
"public house",
"public house#English"
],
[
"inn",
"inn#Noun"
],
[
"pub",
"pub#Noun"
],
[
"basic",
"basic#Adjective"
],
[
"bar",
"bar#Noun"
],
[
"contrasted",
"contrast#Verb"
],
[
"lounge",
"lounge#Noun"
],
[
"saloon",
"saloon"
],
[
"comfortable",
"comfortable#Adjective"
],
[
"seats",
"seat#Noun"
],
[
"personalized",
"personalized#Adjective"
],
[
"service",
"service#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable)",
"(informal) Short for public house (“an inn, a pub”); also (dated), in full public bar: the more basic bar in a public house, as contrasted with the lounge bar or saloon bar which has more comfortable seats, personalized service, etc."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pub"
}
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"countable",
"informal",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 8 63 3 3 3 6 10",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "more basic bar in a public house",
"word": "pubin kaikille avoin osa"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the cinema-going public the reading public",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1817, S[amuel] T[aylor] Coleridge, “Occasion of the Lyrical Ballads, and the objects originally proposed—Preface to the second edition—The ensuing controversy, its causes and acrimony—Philosophic definitions of a poem and poetry with scholia”, in Biographia Literaria; or Biographical Sketches of My Literary Life and Opinions, volume II, London: Rest Fenner, […], →OCLC, page 4:",
"text": "But year after year increased the number of Mr. [William] Wordsworth's admirers. They were found too not in the lower classes of the reading public, but chiefly among young men of strong sensibility and meditative minds; and their admiration (inflamed perhaps in some degree by opposition) was distinguished by its intensity, I might almost say, by its religious fervour.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1843 December? (date written; published 1843 January), John Ruskin, “Art Criticism”, in [Alexander D. O. Wedderburn], editor, Arrows of the Chace: Being a Collection of Scattered Letters Published Chiefly in the Daily Newspapers,—1840–1880 […], volume I (Letters on Art and Science), Orpington, Kent [London]: George Allen, […], published 1880, →OCLC, part I (Art Criticism and Art Education), page 21:",
"text": "People continually forget that there is a separate public for every picture, and for every book. Appealed to with reference to any particular work, the public is that class of persons who possess the knowledge which it presupposes, and the faculties to which it is addressed. With reference to a new edition of [Isaac] Newton's Principia, the \"public\" means little more than the Royal Society. With reference to one of [William] Wordsworth's poems, it means all who have hearts.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Donald Treadwell, Jill B. Treadwell, “Theoretical Influences on Public Relations Writing”, in Public Relations Writing: Principles in Practice, 2nd edition, Thousand Oaks, Calif.; London: Sage Publications, →ISBN, page 19:",
"text": "Generally, you as a public relations writer have multiple publics starting with your employer and your employer's publics (of course). To the extent that you will use them to reach many other publics, the news media will also be one of your publics.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Often preceded by the and a qualifying word: a particular demographic or group of people, or segment of the population, sharing some common characteristic."
],
"id": "en-public-en-noun-98LdJWzq",
"links": [
[
"public relations",
"public relations"
],
[
"qualify",
"qualify"
],
[
"word",
"word#Noun"
],
[
"demographic",
"demographic#Noun"
],
[
"segment",
"segment#Noun"
],
[
"population",
"population"
],
[
"sharing",
"share#Verb"
],
[
"common",
"common#Adjective"
],
[
"characteristic",
"characteristic#Noun"
]
],
"qualifier": "often public relations",
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable)",
"(often public relations) Often preceded by the and a qualifying word: a particular demographic or group of people, or segment of the population, sharing some common characteristic."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sociology",
"orig": "en:Sociology",
"parents": [
"Social sciences",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Often preceded by the and a qualifying word: a particular demographic or group of people, or segment of the population, sharing some common characteristic.",
"A group of people sharing some common cultural, political, or social interest, but not necessarily having any interactions with each other."
],
"id": "en-public-en-noun-LOhHA8Rc",
"links": [
[
"public relations",
"public relations"
],
[
"qualify",
"qualify"
],
[
"word",
"word#Noun"
],
[
"demographic",
"demographic#Noun"
],
[
"segment",
"segment#Noun"
],
[
"population",
"population"
],
[
"sharing",
"share#Verb"
],
[
"common",
"common#Adjective"
],
[
"characteristic",
"characteristic#Noun"
],
[
"sociology",
"sociology"
],
[
"cultural",
"cultural"
],
[
"political",
"political#Adjective"
],
[
"social",
"social#Adjective"
],
[
"interest",
"interest#Noun"
],
[
"necessarily",
"necessarily"
],
[
"interaction",
"interaction"
]
],
"qualifier": "often public relations",
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable)",
"(often public relations) Often preceded by the and a qualifying word: a particular demographic or group of people, or segment of the population, sharing some common characteristic.",
"(sociology) A group of people sharing some common cultural, political, or social interest, but not necessarily having any interactions with each other."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"sciences",
"social-science",
"sociology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 3 3 10 5 1 0 2 5 5 4 10 0 4 7 7 5 5 8 4 6 2 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "en:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "(well-being):"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly preceded by the: a collective body of a politically organized nation or state; a body politic, a nation, a state; also, the interest or well-being of such a collective body; the common good."
],
"id": "en-public-en-noun-STa6Mq7M",
"links": [
[
"collective",
"collective#Adjective"
],
[
"body",
"body#Noun"
],
[
"politically",
"politically"
],
[
"organized",
"organized#Adjective"
],
[
"nation",
"nation#Noun"
],
[
"state",
"state#Noun"
],
[
"body politic",
"body politic"
],
[
"well-being",
"well-being"
],
[
"common good",
"common good"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable)",
"(obsolete)",
"Chiefly preceded by the: a collective body of a politically organized nation or state; a body politic, a nation, a state; also, the interest or well-being of such a collective body; the common good."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "commonweal"
},
{
"word": "public interest"
},
{
"word": "public good"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Universities",
"orig": "en:Universities",
"parents": [
"Schools",
"Buildings",
"Education",
"Buildings and structures",
"Society",
"Architecture",
"All topics",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Culture"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 6 5 2 2 3 5 6 6 5 1 2 5 7 2 3 3 17 5 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms borrowed back into English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 2 8 7 3 3 3 10 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 6 4 2 2 2 7 8 7 5 1 2 5 6 2 3 3 15 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 6 8 3 3 3 10 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 7 4 5 1 3 6 8 6 7 1 2 8 7 3 3 3 10 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 3 6 7 3 3 3 10 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Assamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 2 8 7 3 3 3 10 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 3 6 7 3 3 3 10 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bashkir translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 2 8 7 3 3 3 10 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Breton translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 7 8 5 7 1 3 6 7 3 3 3 9 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 9 5 2 1 3 7 7 6 7 1 2 6 7 3 3 3 10 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 3 6 7 3 3 3 11 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 10 5 1 1 2 7 8 5 8 0 2 6 8 2 2 2 11 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 7 3 5 1 2 5 6 7 6 0 2 8 7 3 4 3 12 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 10 4 2 1 2 7 9 5 9 0 2 8 7 2 2 2 10 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 11 4 1 1 3 7 7 6 9 0 2 6 8 2 2 2 10 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 8 7 3 3 3 9 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 10 4 2 1 3 7 7 5 8 1 3 6 8 3 3 3 8 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 8 5 7 1 3 8 7 3 3 3 9 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 7 4 5 1 2 6 7 9 6 1 2 8 7 3 3 3 9 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 7 4 5 1 3 6 6 5 7 1 3 9 7 3 4 3 8 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 7 6 8 1 2 7 8 3 3 3 10 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 7 7 3 4 3 11 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 7 3 6 2 2 7 8 6 6 0 3 8 7 3 3 3 8 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 3 6 7 3 3 3 10 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 8 7 3 3 3 9 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 2 6 7 3 3 3 16 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 2 8 7 3 3 3 10 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 3 7 7 3 3 3 10 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 3 6 7 3 3 3 10 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 3 6 7 3 3 3 10 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 3 8 8 3 3 3 10 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lao translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 8 7 3 3 3 9 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 8 7 3 3 3 9 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 8 7 3 3 3 9 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 2 8 7 3 3 3 10 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 7 4 2 2 3 7 8 8 6 1 2 6 8 2 3 3 9 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 3 6 7 3 3 3 11 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 3 7 7 3 3 3 10 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 6 6 7 0 3 9 7 3 4 3 8 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mongolian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 9 5 2 1 3 6 7 6 8 0 3 7 8 3 3 3 9 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Neapolitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 5 7 1 3 8 8 3 3 3 8 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norman translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 3 2 3 6 6 6 7 1 3 7 7 3 3 3 10 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 7 7 3 3 3 9 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 5 3 1 3 7 7 6 7 1 2 7 7 2 2 3 11 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 2 5 4 2 2 3 4 5 9 6 0 3 6 7 2 5 3 18 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old English translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 2 8 7 3 3 3 10 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 9 4 3 2 3 6 6 6 8 1 3 6 8 3 3 4 8 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 5 7 2 2 6 6 5 7 0 2 7 6 4 4 3 8 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 7 6 8 1 3 7 7 3 3 3 9 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Punjabi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 7 6 8 1 3 7 7 3 3 3 9 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 3 6 7 3 3 4 11 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 2 8 7 3 3 3 10 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 3 6 7 3 3 4 11 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Shan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 8 7 3 3 3 9 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 2 8 7 3 3 3 10 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 9 5 1 1 3 7 7 6 7 0 2 6 8 2 2 2 11 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 3 6 7 3 3 3 10 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 3 6 7 3 3 3 11 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 2 8 7 3 3 3 10 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tajik translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 8 4 2 1 2 6 6 6 7 0 2 7 8 3 3 3 11 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Telugu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 9 7 3 3 3 9 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 3 6 7 3 3 3 10 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 7 6 7 1 3 8 7 3 3 3 9 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkmen translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 3 6 7 3 3 3 10 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 5 2 1 3 7 7 6 7 1 2 6 7 2 3 3 11 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 3 6 7 3 3 3 10 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uyghur translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 2 8 7 3 3 3 10 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uzbek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 5 1 3 6 6 6 7 1 2 8 7 3 3 3 10 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 8 4 2 1 3 6 7 7 6 1 2 6 7 3 3 2 14 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yiddish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"At Harvard University: a penalty imposed on a student involving a grade reduction which is communicated to the student's parents or guardian."
],
"id": "en-public-en-noun-K05VnGyd",
"links": [
[
"university",
"university"
],
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"penalty",
"penalty"
],
[
"imposed",
"impose#Verb"
],
[
"student",
"student"
],
[
"involving",
"involve"
],
[
"grade",
"grade#Noun"
],
[
"reduction",
"reduction"
],
[
"communicate",
"communicate"
],
[
"parents",
"parent#Noun"
],
[
"guardian",
"guardian"
]
],
"qualifier": "university slang",
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable)",
"(obsolete)",
"(US, university slang) At Harvard University: a penalty imposed on a student involving a grade reduction which is communicated to the student's parents or guardian."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 9 5 2 1 3 9 9 4 7 1 2 7 8 3 3 3 4 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 8 5 3 2 3 8 10 4 7 0 2 7 7 3 3 3 4 9 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 3 7 3 6 2 2 7 8 6 6 0 3 8 7 3 3 3 8 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 10 5 2 1 3 9 10 4 8 0 2 7 8 2 3 3 3 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i], page 283, column 1:",
"text": "Come follovv vs, / VVe are to ſpeake in publique: for this buſineſſe / VVill raiſe vs all.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1645 June, John Evelyn, “[Diary entry for June 1645]”, in William Bray, editor, Memoirs, Illustrative of the Life and Writings of John Evelyn, […], 2nd edition, volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […]; and sold by John and Arthur Arch, […], published 1819, →OCLC, pages 191–192:",
"text": "[W]e went to the Chetto de san Felice, to see the noblemen and their ladies at Basset, a game at cards which is much used, but they play not in public, and all that have inclination to it are in masquerade, without speaking one word, and so they come in, play, loose or gaine, and go away as they please.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1778, [Frances Burney], “Letter XXII. Evelina [to the Rev. Mr. Villars] in Continuation.”, in Evelina, or, A Young Lady’s Entrance into the World, volume I, London: […] T[homas] Lowndes, […], →OCLC, pages 177–178:",
"text": "[S]he ſcolded me for I believe tvvo hours, on account of having left her, […] But ſhe aſſured me, that if ever I did ſo again, ſhe vvould never more take me into public.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1815 December (indicated as 1816), [Jane Austen], chapter XIV, in Emma: […], volume II, London: […] [Charles Roworth and James Moyes] for John Murray, →OCLC, page 267:",
"text": "[M]y particular friend, Mrs. Partridge, the lady I have always resided with when in Bath, would be most happy to shew you any attentions, and would be the very person for you to go into public with.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1857, Pisistratus Caxton [pseudonym; Edward Bulwer-Lytton], chapter I, in What will He Do with It? (Collection of British Authors; CCCCVII), Tauchnitz edition, volume I, Leipzig: Bernhard Tauchnitz, →OCLC, book I, page 6:",
"text": "[K]isses, though pleasant in private, are insipid in public.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly in in public: the presence of spectators or people generally; the open."
],
"id": "en-public-en-noun-YT58lcPe",
"links": [
[
"in public",
"in public"
],
[
"presence",
"presence#Noun"
],
[
"spectator",
"spectator"
],
[
"generally",
"generally"
],
[
"open",
"open#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Chiefly in in public: the presence of spectators or people generally; the open."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʌblɪk/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-public.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/En-us-public.ogg/En-us-public.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/En-us-public.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʊblɪk/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌblɪk"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "publick"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "publicke"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "publike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "publique"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 10 3 34 35 4 4 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "particular demographic or group of people, or segment of the population, sharing some common characteristic; (sociology) group of people sharing some common interest, but not necessarily having any interactions with each other",
"word": "yleisö"
}
],
"word": "public"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "publik"
},
"expansion": "Middle English publik",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "public"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman public",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "public"
},
"expansion": "Middle French public",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "public",
"t": "(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public; official; (noun) community or its members collectively; nation, state; audience, spectators collectively"
},
"expansion": "Old French public (“(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public; official; (noun) community or its members collectively; nation, state; audience, spectators collectively”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "public"
},
"expansion": "French public",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pūblicus",
"t": "of or belonging to the community, people, or state; general, public"
},
"expansion": "Latin pūblicus (“of or belonging to the community, people, or state; general, public”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*poplos",
"t": "army"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ett",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Etruscan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-",
"t": "to fill"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "people"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of people",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ceorlfolc"
},
"expansion": "Old English ceorlfolc",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective and noun are derived from Late Middle English publik, publike (“(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public or public affairs; (noun) a generally observable place or situation”), from Anglo-Norman public, publik, publique, Middle French public, publique, and Old French public (“(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public; official; (noun) community or its members collectively; nation, state; audience, spectators collectively”) (modern French public, publique (obsolete)); and from their etymon Latin pūblicus (“of or belonging to the community, people, or state; general, public”), an alteration of poplicus (influenced by pūbēs (“adult men; male population”)), from poplus (“community; the people, public; nation, state”) (later populus; from Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”); further origin uncertain, possibly from Etruscan or from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)) + -icus (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’). Doublet of people.\nThe Middle English word displaced native Old English ceorlfolc and folclic.\nThe verb is derived from the adjective.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "publics",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "publicing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "publiced",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "publiced",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "public (third-person singular simple present publics, present participle publicing, simple past and past participle publiced)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"publ‧ic"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1939 May 4, James Joyce, Finnegans Wake, London: Faber and Faber Limited, →OCLC; republished London: Faber & Faber Limited, 1960, →OCLC, part I, page 160:",
"text": "[H]e is such a barefooted rubber with my supersocks pulled over his face which I publicked in my bestback garden for the laetification of siderodromites and to the irony of the stars.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make (something) openly or widely known; to publicize, to publish."
],
"id": "en-public-en-verb-thkEYi6s",
"links": [
[
"make",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"openly",
"openly"
],
[
"widely",
"widely"
],
[
"known",
"known#Adjective"
],
[
"publicize",
"publicise"
],
[
"publish",
"publish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, originally Scotland, archaic) To make (something) openly or widely known; to publicize, to publish."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʌblɪk/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-public.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/En-us-public.ogg/En-us-public.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/En-us-public.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʊblɪk/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌblɪk"
}
],
"word": "public"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ru",
"3": "па́блик"
},
"expansion": "Semantic loan from Russian па́блик (páblik)",
"name": "semantic loan"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "uk",
"3": "па́блик",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian па́блик (páblyk)",
"name": "semantic loan"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "en",
"3": "public"
},
"expansion": "English public",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Semantic loan from Russian па́блик (páblik) and Ukrainian па́блик (páblyk), па́блік (páblik, “public webpage on a blog or on social media”), both borrowed from English public: see etymology 1.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "publics",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "public (plural publics)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"publ‧ic"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English neologisms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Non-native speakers' English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2023 January 7, Alexander Grigoryev, “Russian public: PMC \"Wagner\" fighters report that the Armed Forces of Ukraine are using unidentified chemical weapons in Artemovsk”, in Military Review:",
"text": "Russian publics report that the fighters of the Wagner group have already practically taken possession of Soledar, there are fights on the outskirts, where the Vushniks are trying to fight back in the salt mines.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 December, Iryna Rudia, Vaiva Zuzevičiūtė, Olena Gogorenko, Public Security and Public Order, number 34, Kaunas: Mykolas Romeris University, →DOI, pages 219 of 218–225:",
"text": "Complex inductions are unconscious powerful components of influence. They include the following varieties:\n[…] 4) Truisms. The term comes from the English word \"true\", which means \"truth\". Therefore, under truism it is accepted to understand banal truths, i.e. something that in principle does not require confirmation, but it is so banal and common knowledge that it is rather strange to base on it, but here again there is a \"but\". In our subconsciousness we perceive it as a certain axiom, and this axiom is interpreted by our subconsciousness itself. As an example, the phrase \"In matters of war, Russia is Russia, and Ukraine is Ukraine\" was repeatedly encountered in Russian publics. In principle, there is no sense in this phrase, because not a single fact is given. However, each of the readers interpreted it for himself, and putting the word \"Russia\" in the foreground makes a hint that Russia is stronger than Ukraine in military terms, but the phrase itself does not express such a meaning extra-linguistically.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An internet publication."
],
"id": "en-public-en-noun-UunbUrbz",
"links": [
[
"non-native speaker",
"non-native speaker"
],
[
"internet",
"internet"
],
[
"publication",
"publication"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-native speakers' English",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-native speakers' English, neologism) An internet publication."
],
"tags": [
"neologism"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʌblɪk/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-public.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/En-us-public.ogg/En-us-public.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/En-us-public.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʊblɪk/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌblɪk"
}
],
"word": "public"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "assistance publique"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bien public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "clé publique"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "crieur public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "danger public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "deniers publics"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "domaine public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "éclairage public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "être de notoriété publique"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fille publique"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "jardin public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ministère public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "offre publique d’achat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "opinion publique"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ordre public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "salubrité publique"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "santé publique"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "secteur public"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "pūblicus"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin pūblicus",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin pūblicus. The noun is from the adjective.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "publique",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "publics",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "publiques",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "public (feminine publique, masculine plural publics, feminine plural publiques)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 7 5 1 0 2 5 6 4 6 0 2 5 8 2 2 2 3 6 2 3 8 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 6 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 8 3 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the public interest",
"text": "l’intérêt public",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the public good",
"text": "le bien public",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The public voice is for him.",
"text": "La voix publique est pour lui.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"public (various meanings)",
"of the people as a whole; public"
],
"id": "en-public-fr-adj-8Em-KIEF",
"links": [
[
"public",
"public#English"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"whole",
"whole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"public (various meanings)",
"(relational) of the people as a whole; public [from 1238]"
],
"tags": [
"relational"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It's already public news.",
"text": "C’est une nouvelle qui est déjà publique.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"public (various meanings)",
"public; seen or known by everyone"
],
"id": "en-public-fr-adj-vQPemZa2",
"links": [
[
"public",
"public#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"public (various meanings)",
"public; seen or known by everyone [from 1330]"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "public powers",
"text": "pouvoirs publics",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "public notary",
"text": "notaire public",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"public (various meanings)",
"public; representing the state on behalf of the community"
],
"id": "en-public-fr-adj-De3IHj7R",
"links": [
[
"public",
"public#English"
],
[
"state",
"state"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"public (various meanings)",
"public; representing the state on behalf of the community [from 1390]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "étatique"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "public place",
"text": "lieu public",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "streetwalker, prostitute (literally, “public girl”)",
"text": "fille publique",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"public (various meanings)",
"public; open to all"
],
"id": "en-public-fr-adj--RPqAHfi",
"links": [
[
"public",
"public#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"public (various meanings)",
"public; open to all [from 1538]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "commun"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/py.blik/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-public-fr CA.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/Fr-public-fr_CA.ogg/Fr-public-fr_CA.ogg.mp3",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Fr-public-fr_BE.ogg"
}
],
"word": "public"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bon public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "en public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grand public"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gros public"
},
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"Requests for review of Slovene translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌblɪk",
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"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
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"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
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"Terms with Danish translations",
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"Terms with Estonian translations",
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"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
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"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
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"Terms with Mandarin translations",
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"Terms with Maori translations",
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"Terms with Norman translations",
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"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
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"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
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"Terms with Shan translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
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"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Tarifit translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Turkmen translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"Terms with Zazaki translations",
"en:Collectives"
],
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"word": "certified public accountant"
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{
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{
"word": "initial public offering"
},
{
"word": "in public"
},
{
"word": "make a public spectacle of oneself"
},
{
"word": "nobody ever went broke underestimating the good taste of the American public"
},
{
"word": "nobody ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American public"
},
{
"word": "nobody ever went broke underestimating the taste of the American public"
},
{
"word": "nonpublic"
},
{
"word": "non-public"
},
{
"word": "no one ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American public"
},
{
"word": "no one ever went broke underestimating the taste of the American public"
},
{
"word": "notary public"
},
{
"word": "online public access catalog"
},
{
"word": "public access"
},
{
"word": "public access television"
},
{
"word": "public address system"
},
{
"word": "public administration"
},
{
"word": "publically"
},
{
"word": "publican"
},
{
"word": "public art"
},
{
"word": "public assistance"
},
{
"word": "public authorities"
},
{
"word": "public authority"
},
{
"word": "public body"
},
{
"word": "public bookcase"
},
{
"word": "public comment"
},
{
"word": "public convenience"
},
{
"word": "public credit"
},
{
"word": "public debt"
},
{
"word": "public defender"
},
{
"word": "public diplomacy"
},
{
"word": "public display of affection"
},
{
"word": "public domain"
},
{
"word": "public domainness"
},
{
"word": "public enemy"
},
{
"word": "public enemy number one"
},
{
"word": "public eye"
},
{
"word": "public figure"
},
{
"word": "public finance"
},
{
"word": "public Friend"
},
{
"word": "public funds"
},
{
"word": "public good"
},
{
"word": "public health"
},
{
"word": "public health funeral"
},
{
"word": "Public Health System"
},
{
"word": "public hearing"
},
{
"word": "public-hearted"
},
{
"word": "public historian"
},
{
"word": "public history"
},
{
"word": "public holiday"
},
{
"word": "public hotel"
},
{
"word": "public-house"
},
{
"word": "public house"
},
{
"word": "public housing"
},
{
"word": "public image"
},
{
"word": "public indecency"
},
{
"word": "public information officer"
},
{
"word": "public intellectual"
},
{
"word": "public interest"
},
{
"word": "public international law"
},
{
"word": "public intoxication"
},
{
"word": "public Ivy"
},
{
"word": "public key"
},
{
"word": "public key certificate"
},
{
"word": "public-key cryptography"
},
{
"word": "public key cryptography"
},
{
"word": "public knowledge"
},
{
"word": "public law"
},
{
"word": "public leaning post"
},
{
"word": "public library"
},
{
"word": "public license"
},
{
"word": "public life"
},
{
"word": "public limited company"
},
{
"word": "public limited liability company"
},
{
"word": "publicly"
},
{
"word": "publicly held"
},
{
"word": "public-minded"
},
{
"word": "publicness"
},
{
"word": "public object objectum"
},
{
"word": "public offering"
},
{
"word": "public office"
},
{
"word": "public officer"
},
{
"word": "public opinion"
},
{
"word": "public orator"
},
{
"word": "public ownership"
},
{
"word": "public place"
},
{
"word": "public policy"
},
{
"word": "public pretender"
},
{
"word": "public-private partnership"
},
{
"word": "public private partnership"
},
{
"word": "public property"
},
{
"word": "public purse"
},
{
"word": "public record"
},
{
"word": "public relations"
},
{
"word": "public-relations"
},
{
"word": "public rhetoric"
},
{
"word": "public safety announcement"
},
{
"word": "public-school"
},
{
"word": "public school"
},
{
"word": "public-sector"
},
{
"word": "public sector"
},
{
"word": "public servant"
},
{
"word": "public service"
},
{
"word": "public service announcement"
},
{
"word": "public space"
},
{
"word": "public speaker"
},
{
"word": "public speaking"
},
{
"word": "public spending"
},
{
"word": "public sphere pedagogy"
},
{
"word": "public spirit"
},
{
"word": "public-spirited"
},
{
"word": "public square"
},
{
"word": "public telephone"
},
{
"word": "public television"
},
{
"word": "public toilet"
},
{
"word": "public transit"
},
{
"word": "public transport"
},
{
"word": "public transportation"
},
{
"word": "public trust"
},
{
"word": "public trustee"
},
{
"word": "public utility"
},
{
"word": "public walk"
},
{
"word": "public woman"
},
{
"word": "public works"
},
{
"word": "unpublic"
},
{
"word": "weal-public"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "publik"
},
"expansion": "Middle English publik",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "public"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman public",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "public"
},
"expansion": "Middle French public",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "public",
"t": "(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public; official; (noun) community or its members collectively; nation, state; audience, spectators collectively"
},
"expansion": "Old French public (“(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public; official; (noun) community or its members collectively; nation, state; audience, spectators collectively”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "public"
},
"expansion": "French public",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pūblicus",
"t": "of or belonging to the community, people, or state; general, public"
},
"expansion": "Latin pūblicus (“of or belonging to the community, people, or state; general, public”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*poplos",
"t": "army"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ett",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Etruscan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-",
"t": "to fill"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "people"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of people",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ceorlfolc"
},
"expansion": "Old English ceorlfolc",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective and noun are derived from Late Middle English publik, publike (“(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public or public affairs; (noun) a generally observable place or situation”), from Anglo-Norman public, publik, publique, Middle French public, publique, and Old French public (“(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public; official; (noun) community or its members collectively; nation, state; audience, spectators collectively”) (modern French public, publique (obsolete)); and from their etymon Latin pūblicus (“of or belonging to the community, people, or state; general, public”), an alteration of poplicus (influenced by pūbēs (“adult men; male population”)), from poplus (“community; the people, public; nation, state”) (later populus; from Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”); further origin uncertain, possibly from Etruscan or from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)) + -icus (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’). Doublet of people.\nThe Middle English word displaced native Old English ceorlfolc and folclic.\nThe verb is derived from the adjective.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more public",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most public",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "public (comparative more public, superlative most public)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"publ‧ic"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "people"
},
{
"word": "population"
},
{
"word": "pub"
},
{
"word": "publican"
},
{
"word": "publication"
},
{
"word": "publicise"
},
{
"word": "publicize"
},
{
"word": "publicist"
},
{
"word": "publicity"
},
{
"word": "publish"
},
{
"word": "republic"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Sixt”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene vi], page 100, column 1:",
"text": "VVith ſcoffes and ſcornes, and contumelious taunts, / In open Market-place produc't they me, / To be a publique ſpectacle to all: / Here, ſayd they, is the Terror of the French, / The Scar-Crovv that affrights our Children ſo.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1597, Richard Hooker, “S. Pauls Writing is No More Preaching, then His Pen or his Hand is His Toong: Seeing They Cannot be the Same which Cannot be Made by the Same Instruments”, in J[ohn] S[penser], editor, Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, […], 2nd edition, London: […] Will[iam] Stansby [for Matthew Lownes], published 1611, →OCLC, book V, page 222:",
"text": "[T]he Apoſtles preached as vvell vvhen they vvrote as vvhen they ſpake the Goſpell of Chriſt, and our vſuall publique reading of the vvord of God for the peoples inſtruction is preaching.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1620, Ios. Hall [i.e., Joseph Hall], “[Contemplations vpon the History of the New Testament. The Second Booke.] The Marriage in Cana.”, in Contemplations [vpon the Principal Passages of the Holy Story], […], volume V, London: […] E[dward] G[riffin] for Henry Fetherstone, →OCLC, page 452:",
"text": "Thy [Jesus's] firſt publique miracle graceth a marriage; It is an ancient and laudable inſtitution, that the rites of matrimony ſhould not vvant a ſolemne celebration; VVhen are feaſts in ſeaſon, if not at the recouery of our loſt ribbe?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1660, William Lower, transl., A Relation in Form of Journal, of the Voiage and Residence which the Most Excellent and Most Mighty Prince Charls the II King of Great Britain, &c. hath Made in Holland, from the 25 of May, to the 2 of June, 1660. […], The Hague: […] Adrian Vlack, →OCLC, page 4:",
"text": "The Parliament alſo permitted General [George] Monck to ſend Mʳ [Thomas] Clarges his brother-in-law, accompanied vvith ſome Officers of the Army, to aſſure his Majeſty [Charles II of England] of the fidelity and obedience of the Army; vvhich had made publick and ſolemn proteſtations thereof, after the Letter and Declaration vvas communicated unto them by the General.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1709 May 16 (Gregorian calendar), Isaac Bickerstaff [pseudonym; Richard Steele et al.], “Thursday, May 5, 1709”, in The Tatler, number 11; republished in [Richard Steele], editor, The Tatler, […], London stereotype edition, volume I, London: I. Walker and Co.; […], 1822, →OCLC, page 73:",
"text": "[O]ur last advices from Spain inform us, that the prince of Asturias had made his public entry into Madrid in great splendour.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1843 December 19, Charles Dickens, “Stave Two. The First of the Three Spirits.”, in A Christmas Carol. In Prose. Being a Ghost Story of Christmas, London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC, pages 58–59:",
"text": "Clear away! There was nothing they wouldn't have cleared away, or couldn't have cleared away, with old Fezziwig looking on. It was done in a minute. Every movable was packed off, as if it were dismissed from public life for evermore; the floor was swept and watered, the lamps were trimmed, fuel was heaped upon the fire; and the warehouse was as snug, and warm, and dry, and bright a ball-room, as you would desire to see upon a winter's night.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011 April 18, Sandra Laville, “Paul Stephenson returns to desk at Metropolitan police”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-10-25:",
"text": "Earlier this month [Tim] Godwin had to make a public apology to the family of Daniel Morgan after the collapse of a £30m inquiry into his murder in 1987.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 19, Joris Luyendijk, “Our banks are not merely out of control. They’re beyond control [print version: Our banks are out of control, 28 June 2013]”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 3, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-03-31, page 21:",
"text": "Seeing the British establishment struggle with the financial sector is like watching an alcoholic who still resists the idea that something drastic needs to happen for him to turn his life around. Until 2008 there was denial over what finance had become. When a series of bank failures made this impossible, there was widespread anger, leading to the public humiliation of symbolic figures.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Able to be known or seen by everyone; happening without concealment; open to general view."
],
"links": [
[
"Able",
"able#Adjective"
],
[
"known",
"know#Verb"
],
[
"seen",
"see#Verb"
],
[
"everyone",
"everyone"
],
[
"happen",
"happen"
],
[
"concealment",
"concealment"
],
[
"open",
"open#Adjective"
],
[
"general",
"general#Adjective"
],
[
"view",
"view#Noun"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:open to general view"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "public library public park",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1606–1607 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Anthonie and Cleopatra”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii], page 347, column 2:",
"text": "I ſavv her once / Hop forty Paces through the publicke ſtreete, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1848, [Elizabeth Gaskell], chapter I, in Mary Barton: A Tale of Manchester Life. […] (Chapman and Hall’s Series of Original Works of Fiction, Biography, and General Literature), volume I, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, page 1:",
"text": "There are some fields near Manchester, well known to the inhabitants as \"Green Heys Fields,\" through which runs a public footpath to a little village about two miles distant.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1861 January, “A Visit to the Asylum for Aged and Decayed Punsters”, in The Atlantic Monthly. A Magazine of Literature, Art, and Politics, volume VII, number XXXIX, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, […]; London: Trübner and Company, →OCLC, page 114, column 1:",
"text": "Our late distinguished townsman, Noah Dow, Esquire, as is well known, bequeathed a large portion of his fortune to this establishment,—\"being thereto moved,\" as his will expressed it, \"by the desire of N. Dowing some publick Institution for the benefit of Mankind.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1924 July, John Buchan, “The House in Gospel Oak”, in The Three Hostages, London: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC, page 85:",
"text": "Then it occurred to me that I might be doing a rash thing in going off to an unknown house in a seedy suburb. So I went into a public telephone-booth, rang up the Club, and told the porter that if Colonel Arbuthnot called, I was at 4 Palmyra Square, N.W.—I made him write down the address—and would be back before ten o'clock.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1975 December 13, Gerrie Leary, quotee, “‘State House’ Couple Fail To Get License”, in Marion E[lizabeth] Tholander, editor, Gay Community News, volume 3, number 24, Boston, Mass.: GCN, Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1, columns 2–3:",
"text": "The couple had hoped to be married on the actual steps of the State House but State House police made it impossible. Leary claimed that the police had told him that he would be \"arrested\" if he crossed the street. \"They had no right to say that,\" he said. \"The stairway there is a public stairway.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011 May 10, David Smith, “South African ‘baby safe’ condemned by child welfare groups”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-05-16:",
"text": "Officials say about 500 babies are abandoned each year in Western Cape province and that the number is increasing. Some are left for dead on rubbish tips, in refuge bags or at public toilets.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 7, Jonathan Freedland, “Obama is like Apple, Google and Facebook: A once hip brand tainted by Prism [print version: Obama's once hip brand is now tainted, 14 June 2013]”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 1, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-03-31, page 18:",
"text": "Now we are liberal with our innermost secrets, spraying them into the public ether with a generosity our forebears could not have imagined. Where we once sent love letters in a sealed envelope, or stuck photographs of our children in a family album, now such private material is despatched to servers and clouds operated by people we don't know and will never meet.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it; especially, provided by national or local authorities and supported by money from taxes."
],
"links": [
[
"members",
"member#Noun"
],
[
"community",
"community"
],
[
"as opposed to",
"as opposed to"
],
[
"segment",
"segment#Noun"
],
[
"provide",
"provide"
],
[
"national",
"national#Adjective"
],
[
"local",
"local#Adjective"
],
[
"authorities",
"authority"
],
[
"supported",
"support#Verb"
],
[
"money",
"money#Noun"
],
[
"taxes",
"tax#Noun"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:communal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Business"
],
"glosses": [
"Open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it; especially, provided by national or local authorities and supported by money from taxes.",
"Of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly, for example, through a stock market."
],
"links": [
[
"members",
"member#Noun"
],
[
"community",
"community"
],
[
"as opposed to",
"as opposed to"
],
[
"segment",
"segment#Noun"
],
[
"provide",
"provide"
],
[
"national",
"national#Adjective"
],
[
"local",
"local#Adjective"
],
[
"authorities",
"authority"
],
[
"supported",
"support#Verb"
],
[
"money",
"money#Noun"
],
[
"taxes",
"tax#Noun"
],
[
"business",
"business"
],
[
"company",
"company#Noun"
],
[
"shares",
"share#Noun"
],
[
"stock",
"stock#Noun"
],
[
"traded",
"trade#Verb"
],
[
"publicly",
"publicly"
],
[
"stock market",
"stock market"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it; especially, provided by national or local authorities and supported by money from taxes.",
"(business) Of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly, for example, through a stock market."
],
"senseid": [
"en:communal",
"en:company"
],
"topics": [
"business"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1667, J[oseph] G[lanvill], Some Philosophical Considerations Touching the Being of Witches and Witchcraft. […], London: […] E[llen] C[otes] for James Collins […], →OCLC, page 5:",
"text": "[S]tanding publick Records have been kept of theſe vvell atteſted Relations, and Epocha’s made of thoſe unvvonted events.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1673, John Ray, “Of Venice”, in Observations Topographical, Moral, & Physiological; Made in a Journey through part of the Low-countries, Germany, Italy, and France: […], London: […] John Martyn, printer to the Royal Society, […], →OCLC, page 163:",
"text": "[I]f the nominated be to a place vvherein he is entruſted vvith the management of public moneys, he that nominates is ſurety for him, and is to make good vvhat he defrauds the Common-vvealth of.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1729, [Jonathan Swift], A Modest Proposal for Preventing the Children of Poor People from Being a Burthen to Their Parents, or the Country, and for Making Them Beneficial to the Publick, Dublin: […] S[arah] Harding, […], →OCLC, page 16:",
"text": "I Profeſs in the ſincerity of my Heart that I have not the leaſt perſonal Intereſt in endeavouring to promote this neceſſary VVorks having no other Motive than the publick Good of my Country, by advancing our Trade, providing for Infants, relieving the Poor, and giving ſome Pleaſure to the Rich.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1731 (date written), Jonathan Swift, “An Epistle to Mr. [John] Gay”, in Thomas Sheridan, John Nichols, editors, The Works of the Rev. Jonathan Swift, […], new edition, volume VIII, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], published 1801, →OCLC, page 118:",
"text": "I knew a brazen minister of state, / Who bore for twice ten years the publick hate. / In every mouth the question most in vogue / Was, When will they turn out this odious rogue?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1848, John Stuart Mill, “Preliminary Remarks”, in Principles of Political Economy: With Some of Their Applications to Social Philosophy. […], volume I, London: John W[illiam] Parker, […], →OCLC, book I (Production), page 8:",
"text": "Money, being the instrument of an important public and private purpose, is rightly regarded as wealth; but everything else which serves any human purpose, and which nature does not afford gratuitously, is wealth also. […] Everything forms therefore a part of wealth, which has a power of purchasing; for which anything useful or agreeable would be given in exchange.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010 September 16, Adam Vaughan, “Public awareness of the biodiversity crisis is virtually non-existent”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-12-09:",
"text": "A mere 3% of the more than 1,000 people interviewed said they actually knew what the conference was about. It seems safe to say public awareness of the Convention on Biological Awareness in Nagoya – and its goal of safeguarding wildlife – is close to non-existent.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 May 6, George Monbiot, “Why the politics of envy are keenest among the very rich [print version: Money just makes the rich suffer, 17 May 2013]”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 23, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-10-16, page 19:",
"text": "In order to grant the rich these pleasures, the social contract is reconfigured. […] The public realm is privatised, the regulations restraining the ultra-wealthy and the companies they control are abandoned, and Edwardian levels of inequality are almost fetishised.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to the people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people; concerning the whole community or country."
],
"links": [
[
"Pertaining",
"pertain"
],
[
"people",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"as a whole",
"as a whole"
],
[
"group",
"group#Noun"
],
[
"country",
"country#Noun"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:popular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "public housing public officer public prosecutor public servant",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1606, C[aius, i.e., Gaius] Suetonius Tranquillus, “The Historie of Caius Iulius Cesar Dictator”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of Twelve Cæsars Emperours of Rome. […], London: […] [Humphrey Lownes and George Snowdon] for Matthew Lownes, →OCLC, section 20, page 8:",
"text": "Hee brought-in likevvise the ancient cuſtome againe, that in vvhat moneth hee had not the Knitches of rods vvith Axes borne before him, a publique Officer called Accensvs ſhould huiſher him before, and the Serjeants or Lictours follovv after behinde.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1673, John Ray, “Of Venice”, in Observations Topographical, Moral, & Physiological; Made in a Journey through part of the Low-countries, Germany, Italy, and France: […], London: […] John Martyn, printer to the Royal Society, […], →OCLC, page 170:",
"text": "[T]hoſe vvho aſſiſt the Commonvvealth in a time of need vvith their eſtates, lending ſuch a ſum of mony as the Lavv determines, have liberty granted them to be preſent in this Council, and to underſtand the management of public affairs (yet vvithout povver of balloting) till ſuch time as their moneys be repaid, and ſometimes longer.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1742, [Samuel Richardson], “Letter X. From Miss Darnford to Her Father and Mother.”, in Pamela; Or, Virtue Rewarded. […], 3rd edition, volume IV, London: […] S[amuel] Richardson; and sold by J. Osborn, […]; and J[ohn] Rivington, […], →OCLC, pages 59–60:",
"text": "[P]oor Houſekeepers, vvho vvill be glad to accept of ſome private Benefactions, and yet, having lived creditably, till reduced by Misfortunes, are aſhamed to apply for publick Relief: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1791, James Boswell, quoting Samuel Johnson, “[1783]”, in The Life of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. […], volume II, London: […] Henry Baldwin, for Charles Dilly, […], →OCLC, page 440:",
"text": "It is vvonderful, Sir, vvith hovv little real ſuperiority of mind men can make an eminent figure in publick life.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1869, Louisa M[ay] Alcott, “[A] Friend”, in Little Women: […], part second, Boston, Mass.: Roberts Brothers, →OCLC, page 162:",
"text": "Eager to find material for stories, and bent on making them original in plot, if not masterly in execution, […] she excited the suspicions of public librarians by asking for works on poisons; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XLIV, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC, page 356:",
"text": "From another point of view, it was a place without a soul. The well-to-do had hearts of stone; the rich were brutally bumptious; the Press, the Municipality, all the public men, were ridiculously, vaingloriously self-satisfied.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2004 June 18, “Economic policy: For art's sake”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-11-22:",
"text": "But culture's total budget is a tiny proportion of all public spending; it is one of the government's most visible success stories.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community, rather than by a private organization."
],
"links": [
[
"Officially",
"officially"
],
[
"represent",
"represent"
],
[
"carried out",
"carry out"
],
[
"funded",
"fund#Verb"
],
[
"government",
"government"
],
[
"state",
"state#Noun"
],
[
"private",
"private#Adjective"
],
[
"organization",
"organization"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:representative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "public face public image",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1709 May 14 (Gregorian calendar), Jenny Distaff [pseudonym; Richard Steele], “Tuesday, May 3, 1709”, in The Tatler, number 10; republished in [Richard Steele], editor, The Tatler, […], London stereotype edition, volume I, London: I. Walker and Co.; […], 1822, →OCLC, page 60:",
"text": "The first that I lay my hands on, is a treatise concerning 'the empire of beauty,' and the effects it has had in all nations of the world, upon the public and private actions of men; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1814 May 9, [Jane Austen], chapter III, in Mansfield Park: […], volume III, London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC, page 67:",
"text": "The preacher […] who can say any thing new or striking, any thing that rouses the attention, without offending the taste, or wearing out the feelings of his hearers, is a man whom one could not (in his public capacity) honour enough.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to a person in the capacity in which they deal with other people on a formal or official basis, as opposed to a personal or private capacity; official, professional."
],
"links": [
[
"capacity",
"capacity"
],
[
"deal with",
"deal with"
],
[
"formal",
"formal#Adjective"
],
[
"official",
"official#Adjective"
],
[
"basis",
"basis"
],
[
"personal",
"personal#Adjective"
],
[
"professional",
"professional#Adjective"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Object-oriented programming"
],
"glosses": [
"Of an object: accessible to the program in general, not only to a class or subclass."
],
"links": [
[
"object-oriented programming",
"object-oriented programming"
],
[
"object",
"object#Noun"
],
[
"accessible",
"accessible"
],
[
"program",
"program#Noun"
],
[
"in general",
"in general"
],
[
"class",
"class#Noun"
],
[
"subclass",
"subclass"
]
],
"qualifier": "object-oriented programming",
"raw_glosses": [
"(not comparable, by extension, object-oriented programming) Of an object: accessible to the program in general, not only to a class or subclass."
],
"senseid": [
"en:programming"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1549 February 10 (Gregorian calendar; indicated as 1548), Erasmus, “The Paraphrase of Erasmus vpon the Gospell of Sainct John. The .vij. Chapter.”, in Nicolas Udall [i.e., Nicholas Udall], transl., The First Tome or Volume of the Paraphrase of Erasmus vpon the Newe Testamente, London: […] Edwarde Whitchurche, →OCLC, folio lviii, recto:",
"text": "[…] Nicodemus had not affirmed him [Jesus] to be a prophete, but ſayde: whoſoeuer he be, he ought not after our common, or rather publike law, (that is to ſaye, a lawe which indifferently perteyneth to all men of euery ſtate) to be condemned, except his cauſe be knowen before.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1665, Robert Boyle, “Occasional Reflections. Discourse XVII. Upon Ones Talking to an Eccho.”, in [John Weyland], editor, Occasional Reflections upon Several Subjects. With a Discourse about Such Kind of Thoughts, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Alex[ander] Ambrose Masson; and sold by John Henry Parker, […], published 1848, →OCLC, section IV (Which Treats of Angling Improv’d to Spiritual Uses), page 274:",
"text": "[S]uch a one concerns himself very needlessly for almost all the publique Quarrels in Christendome, and shews himself zealous for a party which will receive no advantage by his disquiets; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to nations collectively, or to nations regarded as civilized; international, supernational."
],
"links": [
[
"nations",
"nation#Noun"
],
[
"collectively",
"collectively"
],
[
"regarded",
"regard#Verb"
],
[
"civilized",
"civilized#Adjective"
],
[
"international",
"international#Adjective"
],
[
"supernational",
"supernational"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic)",
"Pertaining to nations collectively, or to nations regarded as civilized; international, supernational."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1652, Alexander Giraffi [i.e., Alessandro Giraffi], “The Second Tumults Happened in the City of Naples, Held to be Hotter and Higher than the Former, which Succeeded the 7. of July”, in James Howell, transl., An Exact History of the Late Revolutions in Naples; […], revised edition, London: […] R[ichard] Lowndes […], published 1663, →OCLC, part II (The Second Part of Massaniello, […]), page 43:",
"text": "[T]he ſaid [Joseph] Palumbo vvas reſtrain'd to Saint Lorenzo; but being a popular man, and one knovvn to be a good Patriot, and of a publick ſoul, and a perſon of integrity; there vvere four thouſand of the beſt armed men joyn'd together, to vindicate and free the ſaid Palumbo, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1664 January (first performance), Robert Howard; [John Dryden], “The Indian Queen, a Tragedy”, in Four New Plays, […], London: […] Henry Herringman, […], published 1665, →OCLC, Act IV, scene i, page 161:",
"text": "Suppoſe I ſhou'd ſtrike firſt, vvou'd it not breed / Grief in your publick heart to ſee her bleed?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Winter”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC, pages 185–186, lines 593–597:",
"text": "As thus vve talk'd, / Our hearts vvould burn vvithin us, vvould inhale / That portion of divinity, that ray / Of pureſt heaven, vvhich lights the public ſoul / Of patriots, and of heroes.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1850, R[alph] W[aldo] Emerson, “Napoleon; or, The Man of the World”, in Representative Men: Seven Lectures, Boston, Mass.: Phillips, Sampson and Company, […], →OCLC, pages 228–229:",
"text": "Napoleon had been the first man of the world, if his ends had been purely public.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Now chiefly in public spirit and public-spirited: seeking to further the best interests or well-being of the community or nation."
],
"links": [
[
"public spirit",
"public spirit"
],
[
"public-spirited",
"public-spirited"
],
[
"seeking",
"seek#Verb"
],
[
"further",
"further#Verb"
],
[
"best",
"good#Adjective"
],
[
"interests",
"interest#Noun"
],
[
"well-being",
"well-being"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic)",
"Now chiefly in public spirit and public-spirited: seeking to further the best interests or well-being of the community or nation."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1723, [Daniel Defoe], The History and Remarkable Life of the Truly Honourable Col. Jacque, Commonly Call’d Col. Jack, […], 2nd edition, London: […] J[ohn] Brotherton, […], →OCLC, page 340:",
"text": "I VVas not ſo publick here, as to be very vvell knovvn, at leaſt by any one that had Knovvledge of me in the Country vvhere I liv'd; and this vvas indeed my ſafety aftervvard, as you vvill ſoon hear; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Now only in public figure: famous, prominent, well-known."
],
"links": [
[
"public figure",
"public figure"
],
[
"famous",
"famous#Adjective"
],
[
"prominent",
"prominent#Adjective"
],
[
"well-known",
"well-known"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic)",
"Now only in public figure: famous, prominent, well-known."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Education"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1564 February, Erasmus, “The Saiynges of Socrates”, in Nicolas Udall [i.e., Nicholas Udall], transl., Apophthegmes, that is to Saie, Prompte, Quicke, Wittie and Sentẽcious Saiynges, […], London: […] Ihon Kingston, →OCLC, book I, folio 4, recto, paragraph 11:",
"text": "I meruailled, why himſelf [Niccolò Leoniceno] did not practiſe Phiſike of whiche facultee he was a Doctour, and a publique reader: I auaile moche more, ſaieth he, in that I teach all thother Phiſiciãs [physicians].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In some older universities in the United Kingdom: open or pertaining to the whole university, as opposed to a constituent college or an individual staff member or student."
],
"links": [
[
"education",
"education"
],
[
"older",
"old#Adjective"
],
[
"universities",
"university"
],
[
"United Kingdom",
"United Kingdom"
],
[
"constituent",
"constituent#Adjective"
],
[
"college",
"college"
],
[
"individual",
"individual#Adjective"
],
[
"staff",
"staff#Adjective"
],
[
"student",
"student"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, education, chiefly historical) In some older universities in the United Kingdom: open or pertaining to the whole university, as opposed to a constituent college or an individual staff member or student."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"education"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1697, Virgil, “The First Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 68, lines 639–640:",
"text": "In Iron Clouds conceal'd the Publick Light: / And Impious Mortals fear'd Eternal Night.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1858 January 17 (date written), Nathaniel Hawthorne, “The Mediterranean Sea”, in Passages from the French and Italian Note-books of Nathaniel Hawthorne, volume I, London: Strahan & Co., […], published 1871, →OCLC, page 54:",
"text": "In the squares and places you see half-a-dozen of them together, sitting in a social circle on the bottoms of upturned baskets, knitting, talking, and enjoying the public sunshine, as if it were their own household fire.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to the human race as a whole; common, universal."
],
"links": [
[
"human race",
"human race"
],
[
"common",
"common#Adjective"
],
[
"universal",
"universal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete)",
"Of or pertaining to the human race as a whole; common, universal."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1777, William Robertson, “Notes and Illustrations. Note I.”, in The History of America, volume II, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan; T[homas] Cadell, […]; Edinburgh: J[ohn] Balfour, →OCLC, page 441:",
"text": "The firſt of his [Hernán Cortés's] diſpatches has never been made public. It vvas ſent from Vera-Cruz, July 16th, 1519.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly in make public: of a work: printed or otherwise published."
],
"links": [
[
"make",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"work",
"work#Noun"
],
[
"printed",
"printed#Adjective"
],
[
"published",
"published#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete)",
"Chiefly in make public: of a work: printed or otherwise published."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʌblɪk/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-public.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/En-us-public.ogg/En-us-public.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/En-us-public.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʊblɪk/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌblɪk"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "publick"
},
{
"word": "publicke"
},
{
"word": "publike"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "publique"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "ictimai"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "asıq",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "асыҡ"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "xalıq ösön asıq",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "халыҡ өсөн асыҡ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "públičen",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "пу́бличен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obštodostǎ́pen",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "общодостъ́пен"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "openbaar"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "publika"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "julkinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "public"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "público"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sazogadoebrivi",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "საზოგადოებრივი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "öffentlich"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "tsiburí",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ציבורי"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sārvajnik",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"singular"
],
"word": "सार्वजनिक"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "nyilvános"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "saathiərĕəʼnaʼ",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "សាធារណៈ"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "javen",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "јавен"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "awam"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "marake"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "mārakerake"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "tūmatanui"
},
{
"code": "nap",
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "prubbeco"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "public"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "público"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obščéstvennyj",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "обще́ственный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obščedostúpnyj",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "общедосту́пный"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "ја̑внӣ"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "jȃvnī"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "público"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "pangmadla"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "sǎa-taa-rá-ná",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "สาธารณะ"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "publíčnyj",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"word": "публі́чний"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "able to be known or seen by everyone",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "xelq"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕumūmiyy",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "عُمُومِيّ"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "açıq"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "ellik"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "ictimai"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "ümumi"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "asıq",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "асыҡ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obštestven",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "обществен"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gōnggòng",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "公共"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "veřejný"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "publiek"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "openbaar"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "publika"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "julkinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "yleinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "public"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "saq̇oveltao",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "საყოველთაო"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "saǯaro",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "საჯარო"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "dimósios",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "δημόσιος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "koinós",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "κοινός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "dēmósios",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "δημόσιος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "tsiburí",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ציבורי"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sārvajnik",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "सार्वजनिक"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "köz-"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "közösségi"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "nyilvános"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "umum"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "poiblí"
},
{
"alt": "こうきょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōkyō",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "公共"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "saathiərĕəʼnaʼ",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "សាធារណៈ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gonggong-ui",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "공공(公共)의"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "publicus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "javen",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "јавен"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "tūmatanui"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "عمومی"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "público"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "publíčnyj",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "публи́чный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obščéstvennyj",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "обще́ственный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otkrýtyj",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "откры́тый"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "poblach"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "público"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "pangmadla"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "bāhāṭamu",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "బాహాటము"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "publíčnyj",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "публі́чний"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "công cộng"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it",
"word": "sariye"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "publičen",
"sense": "of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly",
"word": "публичен"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly",
"word": "pörssi-"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "koino-",
"sense": "of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly",
"word": "κοινο-"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "tsiburí",
"sense": "of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ציבורי"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sārvajnik",
"sense": "of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly",
"word": "सार्वजनिक"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly",
"word": "terbuka"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sangjang-ui",
"sense": "of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly",
"word": "상장(上場)의"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "vēlaṁ",
"sense": "of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly",
"word": "వేలం"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "of a company: having shares of stock traded publicly",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sarvani"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕalaniyy",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "عَلَنِيّ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕāmm",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "عَامّ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕumūmiyy",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "عُمُومِيّ"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "raiz",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "ৰাইজ"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "ellik"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "ictimai"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "ümumi"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "hramádski",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "грама́дскі"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "foran"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obštéstven",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "обще́ствен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "públic"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gōnggòng",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "公共"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "veřejný"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "offentlig"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "publiek"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "openbaar"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "publika"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "julkinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "public"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "público"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "saq̇oveltao",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "საყოველთაო"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sazogadoebrivi",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "საზოგადოებრივი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "saǯaro",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "საჯარო"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "öffentlich"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "dimósios",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "δημόσιος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "koinós",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "κοινός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "dēmósios",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "δημόσιος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "tsiburí",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ציבורי"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jantā",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"singular"
],
"word": "जनता"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "köz-"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "nyilvános"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "opinber"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "umum"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "poiblí"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "pubblico"
},
{
"alt": "こうしゅうの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōshū no",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "公衆の"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "saathiərĕəʼnaʼ",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "សាធារណៈ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gongjung-ui",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "공중(公衆)의"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "publicus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "publičen",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "публичен"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "javen",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "јавен"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "o te katoa"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "tūmatanui"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "publyi"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "allmenn"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "allmennt"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "offentlig"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "'omumi",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "عمومی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "publiczny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "público"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "public"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obščéstvennyj",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "обще́ственный"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "poblach"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "ја̑внӣ"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "jȃvnī"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "verejný"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "javen"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "público"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "allmän"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "offentlig"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "pangmadla"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "umumi",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "умумӣ"
},
{
"code": "rif",
"lang": "Tarifit",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "iwdan"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "prajā",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "ప్రజా"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bprà-chaa-chon",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "ประชาชน"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "má-hǎa-chon",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "มหาชน"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "sǎa-taa-rá-ná-chon",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "สาธารณชน"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hromádsʹkyj",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "грома́дський"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "công cộng"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "deg"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "pertaining to people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people",
"word": "degme"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕumūmiyy",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "عُمُومِيّ"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "dövlət"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "publíčny",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "публі́чны"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "hramádski",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "грама́дскі"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "publíčen",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "публи́чен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obštéstven",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "обще́ствен"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "overheids-"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "staats-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "julkinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "julkisoikeudellinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "public"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "público"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "saxelmc̣ipo",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "სახელმწიფო"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "saǯaro",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "საჯარო"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "dimósios",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "δημόσιος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "dēmósios",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "δημόσιος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "tsiburí",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ציבורי"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sārvajnik",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "सार्वजनिक"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "köz-"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "umum"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "poiblí"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "pubblico"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "saathiərĕəʼnaʼ",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "សាធារណៈ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "publicus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "javen",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "јавен"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "publiczny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "público"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "estatal"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "publíčnyj",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "публи́чный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obščéstvennyj",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "обще́ственный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "público"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "statlig"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "pangmadla"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "prabhutva nidhi",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "ప్రభుత్వ నిధి"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "sǎa-taa-rá-ná",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "สาธารณะ"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "publíčnyj",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "публі́чний"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hromádsʹkyj",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"word": "грома́дський"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dewlet"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(object-oriented programming) of an object: accessible to the program in general, not only to a class or subclass",
"word": "julkinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "seeking to further the best interests or well-being of the community or nation",
"word": "yleistä etua ajava"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "open or pertaining to the whole university, as opposed to a constituent college or an individual staff member or student",
"word": "kaikille avoin"
}
],
"word": "public"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English semantic loans from Russian",
"English semantic loans from Ukrainian",
"English terms borrowed back into English",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Etruscan",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"English terms derived from Russian",
"English terms derived from Ukrainian",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Arabic translations",
"Requests for review of Central Kurdish translations",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Requests for review of Manx translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Requests for review of Slovene translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌblɪk",
"Rhymes:English/ʌblɪk/2 syllables",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Assamese translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Neapolitan translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Punjabi translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Shan translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Tarifit translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Turkmen translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"Terms with Zazaki translations",
"en:Collectives"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "antipublic"
},
{
"word": "general public"
},
{
"word": "Joe Public"
},
{
"word": "John Q. Public"
},
{
"word": "member of the public"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "publik"
},
"expansion": "Middle English publik",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "public"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman public",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "public"
},
"expansion": "Middle French public",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "public",
"t": "(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public; official; (noun) community or its members collectively; nation, state; audience, spectators collectively"
},
"expansion": "Old French public (“(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public; official; (noun) community or its members collectively; nation, state; audience, spectators collectively”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "public"
},
"expansion": "French public",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pūblicus",
"t": "of or belonging to the community, people, or state; general, public"
},
"expansion": "Latin pūblicus (“of or belonging to the community, people, or state; general, public”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*poplos",
"t": "army"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ett",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Etruscan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-",
"t": "to fill"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "people"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of people",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ceorlfolc"
},
"expansion": "Old English ceorlfolc",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective and noun are derived from Late Middle English publik, publike (“(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public or public affairs; (noun) a generally observable place or situation”), from Anglo-Norman public, publik, publique, Middle French public, publique, and Old French public (“(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public; official; (noun) community or its members collectively; nation, state; audience, spectators collectively”) (modern French public, publique (obsolete)); and from their etymon Latin pūblicus (“of or belonging to the community, people, or state; general, public”), an alteration of poplicus (influenced by pūbēs (“adult men; male population”)), from poplus (“community; the people, public; nation, state”) (later populus; from Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”); further origin uncertain, possibly from Etruscan or from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)) + -icus (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’). Doublet of people.\nThe Middle English word displaced native Old English ceorlfolc and folclic.\nThe verb is derived from the adjective.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "publics",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "public (countable and uncountable, plural publics)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"publ‧ic"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Members of the public may not proceed beyond this point.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The New Arcadia",
"ref": "a. 1587, Philippe Sidnei [i.e., Philip Sidney], “[The Thirde Booke] Chapter 19”, in [Fulke Greville; Matthew Gwinne; John Florio], editors, The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia [The New Arcadia], London: […] [John Windet] for William Ponsonbie, published 1590, →OCLC, folio 325, recto:",
"text": "In ſũ [sum], you are a Prince, & a father of people, vvho ought vvith the eye of vviſdome, the hand of fortitude, and the hart of iuſtice to ſet dovvne all priuate conceits, in compariſon of vvhat for the publike is profitable.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611, Ben[jamin] Jonson, Catiline His Conspiracy, London: […] [William Stansby?] for Walter Burre, →OCLC, Act V, signature O, verso:",
"text": "Here, you, the ſad reuengers / Of capitall crimes, againſt the Publicke, take / This man vnto your iuſtice: ſtrangle him.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1665, Robert Boyle, “Occasional Reflections. Discourse XI. Upon a Danger Springing from an Unseasonable Contest with the Steersman.”, in [John Weyland], editor, Occasional Reflections upon Several Subjects. With a Discourse about Such Kind of Thoughts, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Alex[ander] Ambrose Masson; and sold by John Henry Parker, […], published 1848, →OCLC, section IV (Which Treats of Angling Improv’d to Spiritual Uses), page 238:",
"text": "[I]t is not only requisite that the Prince know how to command well, but that the Subjects obey well; and that even weak Counsel, faithfully assisted, and as much as may be rectified or repaired by those that are to Execute them, may less prejudice the publick, than the froward and jarring endeavours of Men, that perhaps would be wiser Rulers if they had a right to be so.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1673, John Ray, “Of Venice”, in Observations Topographical, Moral, & Physiological; Made in a Journey through part of the Low-countries, Germany, Italy, and France: […], London: […] John Martyn, printer to the Royal Society, […], →OCLC, page 154:",
"text": "And though the public be not ſo rich as it hath been, yet vvill it ſoon recover itſelf and grovv vvealthy again upon the enjoyment of Peace and free Commerce.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1769, William Blackstone, “Of Offences against the Public Peace”, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book IV (Of Public Wrongs), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 151:",
"text": "[T]he only facts to be conſidered [in the crime of libel] are, firſt, the making or publiſhing of the book or vvriting; and ſecondly, vvhether the matter be criminal: and, if both theſe points are againſt the defendant, the offence againſt the public is complete.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1904–1905, Baroness Orczy [i.e., Emma Orczy], “The Tremarn Case”, in The Case of Miss Elliott, London: T[homas] Fisher Unwin, published 1905, →OCLC, section 2; republished as popular edition, London: Greening & Co., 1909, OCLC 11192831, quoted in The Case of Miss Elliott (ebook no. 2000141h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg of Australia, February 2020:",
"text": "Two or three months more went by; the public were eagerly awaiting the arrival of this semi-exotic claimant to an English peerage, and sensations, surpassing those of the Tichborne case, were looked forward to with palpitating interest.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2007 May 4, Martin Jacques, “Sarkozy plays the race card – and our establishment cheers”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-08-08:",
"text": "[George Walker] Bush and [Tony] Blair stand condemned by their own publics and face imminent political extinction.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly preceded by the: members of the community or the people in general, regardless of membership of any particular group."
],
"links": [
[
"the",
"the#Article"
],
[
"members",
"member#Noun"
],
[
"community",
"community"
],
[
"people",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"in general",
"in general"
],
[
"membership",
"membership"
],
[
"particular",
"particular#Adjective"
],
[
"group",
"group#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, uncountable) Chiefly preceded by the: members of the community or the people in general, regardless of membership of any particular group."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1823, [Walter Scott], “Introduction”, in Quentin Durward. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co., →OCLC, page xiii:",
"text": "By dint of drinking acid tiff, as above mentioned, and smoking segars, in which I am no novice, my Public are to be informed, that I gradually drank and smoked myself into a certain degree of acquaintance with un homme comme il faut [a decent man], one of the few fine old specimens of nobility who are still to be found in France; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Preceded by a possessive determiner such as my, your, or their: a group of people who support a particular person, especially a performer, a writer, etc.; an audience, a following."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "readership"
},
{
"word": "viewership"
}
],
"links": [
[
"my",
"my#Determiner"
],
[
"your",
"your#Determiner"
],
[
"their",
"their#Determiner"
],
[
"support",
"support#Verb"
],
[
"performer",
"performer"
],
[
"writer",
"writer"
],
[
"audience",
"audience"
],
[
"following",
"following#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable)",
"Preceded by a possessive determiner such as my, your, or their: a group of people who support a particular person, especially a performer, a writer, etc.; an audience, a following."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(“an inn, a pub”); also (dated), in full public bar: the more basic bar in a public house, as contrasted with the lounge bar or saloon bar which has more comfortable seats, personalized service, etc",
"word": "public house"
}
],
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English dated terms",
"English informal terms",
"English short forms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1824 June, [Walter Scott], “Narrative of Alan Fairford, Continued”, in Redgauntlet, […], volume II, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co., →OCLC, page 291:",
"text": "[T]hese inconsiderate lads will be out of the house, and away to the publicks, wasting their precious time, and, it may be, missing the morning tide.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1956, Ngaio Marsh, “Camilla”, in Off with His Head (A New Portway Large Print Book), Bath, Somerset: Chivers Press, published 1987, →ISBN, page 26:",
"text": "The bar-parlour at the Green Man was in the oldest part of the pub. It lay at right angles to the Public which was partly visible and could be reached from it by means of a flap in the bar counter.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Short for public house (“an inn, a pub”); also (dated), in full public bar: the more basic bar in a public house, as contrasted with the lounge bar or saloon bar which has more comfortable seats, personalized service, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"public house",
"public house#English"
],
[
"inn",
"inn#Noun"
],
[
"pub",
"pub#Noun"
],
[
"basic",
"basic#Adjective"
],
[
"bar",
"bar#Noun"
],
[
"contrasted",
"contrast#Verb"
],
[
"lounge",
"lounge#Noun"
],
[
"saloon",
"saloon"
],
[
"comfortable",
"comfortable#Adjective"
],
[
"seats",
"seat#Noun"
],
[
"personalized",
"personalized#Adjective"
],
[
"service",
"service#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable)",
"(informal) Short for public house (“an inn, a pub”); also (dated), in full public bar: the more basic bar in a public house, as contrasted with the lounge bar or saloon bar which has more comfortable seats, personalized service, etc."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pub"
}
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"countable",
"informal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the cinema-going public the reading public",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1817, S[amuel] T[aylor] Coleridge, “Occasion of the Lyrical Ballads, and the objects originally proposed—Preface to the second edition—The ensuing controversy, its causes and acrimony—Philosophic definitions of a poem and poetry with scholia”, in Biographia Literaria; or Biographical Sketches of My Literary Life and Opinions, volume II, London: Rest Fenner, […], →OCLC, page 4:",
"text": "But year after year increased the number of Mr. [William] Wordsworth's admirers. They were found too not in the lower classes of the reading public, but chiefly among young men of strong sensibility and meditative minds; and their admiration (inflamed perhaps in some degree by opposition) was distinguished by its intensity, I might almost say, by its religious fervour.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1843 December? (date written; published 1843 January), John Ruskin, “Art Criticism”, in [Alexander D. O. Wedderburn], editor, Arrows of the Chace: Being a Collection of Scattered Letters Published Chiefly in the Daily Newspapers,—1840–1880 […], volume I (Letters on Art and Science), Orpington, Kent [London]: George Allen, […], published 1880, →OCLC, part I (Art Criticism and Art Education), page 21:",
"text": "People continually forget that there is a separate public for every picture, and for every book. Appealed to with reference to any particular work, the public is that class of persons who possess the knowledge which it presupposes, and the faculties to which it is addressed. With reference to a new edition of [Isaac] Newton's Principia, the \"public\" means little more than the Royal Society. With reference to one of [William] Wordsworth's poems, it means all who have hearts.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Donald Treadwell, Jill B. Treadwell, “Theoretical Influences on Public Relations Writing”, in Public Relations Writing: Principles in Practice, 2nd edition, Thousand Oaks, Calif.; London: Sage Publications, →ISBN, page 19:",
"text": "Generally, you as a public relations writer have multiple publics starting with your employer and your employer's publics (of course). To the extent that you will use them to reach many other publics, the news media will also be one of your publics.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Often preceded by the and a qualifying word: a particular demographic or group of people, or segment of the population, sharing some common characteristic."
],
"links": [
[
"public relations",
"public relations"
],
[
"qualify",
"qualify"
],
[
"word",
"word#Noun"
],
[
"demographic",
"demographic#Noun"
],
[
"segment",
"segment#Noun"
],
[
"population",
"population"
],
[
"sharing",
"share#Verb"
],
[
"common",
"common#Adjective"
],
[
"characteristic",
"characteristic#Noun"
]
],
"qualifier": "often public relations",
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable)",
"(often public relations) Often preceded by the and a qualifying word: a particular demographic or group of people, or segment of the population, sharing some common characteristic."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Sociology"
],
"glosses": [
"Often preceded by the and a qualifying word: a particular demographic or group of people, or segment of the population, sharing some common characteristic.",
"A group of people sharing some common cultural, political, or social interest, but not necessarily having any interactions with each other."
],
"links": [
[
"public relations",
"public relations"
],
[
"qualify",
"qualify"
],
[
"word",
"word#Noun"
],
[
"demographic",
"demographic#Noun"
],
[
"segment",
"segment#Noun"
],
[
"population",
"population"
],
[
"sharing",
"share#Verb"
],
[
"common",
"common#Adjective"
],
[
"characteristic",
"characteristic#Noun"
],
[
"sociology",
"sociology"
],
[
"cultural",
"cultural"
],
[
"political",
"political#Adjective"
],
[
"social",
"social#Adjective"
],
[
"interest",
"interest#Noun"
],
[
"necessarily",
"necessarily"
],
[
"interaction",
"interaction"
]
],
"qualifier": "often public relations",
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable)",
"(often public relations) Often preceded by the and a qualifying word: a particular demographic or group of people, or segment of the population, sharing some common characteristic.",
"(sociology) A group of people sharing some common cultural, political, or social interest, but not necessarily having any interactions with each other."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"sciences",
"social-science",
"sociology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "(well-being):"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly preceded by the: a collective body of a politically organized nation or state; a body politic, a nation, a state; also, the interest or well-being of such a collective body; the common good."
],
"links": [
[
"collective",
"collective#Adjective"
],
[
"body",
"body#Noun"
],
[
"politically",
"politically"
],
[
"organized",
"organized#Adjective"
],
[
"nation",
"nation#Noun"
],
[
"state",
"state#Noun"
],
[
"body politic",
"body politic"
],
[
"well-being",
"well-being"
],
[
"common good",
"common good"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable)",
"(obsolete)",
"Chiefly preceded by the: a collective body of a politically organized nation or state; a body politic, a nation, a state; also, the interest or well-being of such a collective body; the common good."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "commonweal"
},
{
"word": "public interest"
},
{
"word": "public good"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English countable nouns",
"English student slang",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"en:Universities"
],
"glosses": [
"At Harvard University: a penalty imposed on a student involving a grade reduction which is communicated to the student's parents or guardian."
],
"links": [
[
"university",
"university"
],
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"penalty",
"penalty"
],
[
"imposed",
"impose#Verb"
],
[
"student",
"student"
],
[
"involving",
"involve"
],
[
"grade",
"grade#Noun"
],
[
"reduction",
"reduction"
],
[
"communicate",
"communicate"
],
[
"parents",
"parent#Noun"
],
[
"guardian",
"guardian"
]
],
"qualifier": "university slang",
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable)",
"(obsolete)",
"(US, university slang) At Harvard University: a penalty imposed on a student involving a grade reduction which is communicated to the student's parents or guardian."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i], page 283, column 1:",
"text": "Come follovv vs, / VVe are to ſpeake in publique: for this buſineſſe / VVill raiſe vs all.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1645 June, John Evelyn, “[Diary entry for June 1645]”, in William Bray, editor, Memoirs, Illustrative of the Life and Writings of John Evelyn, […], 2nd edition, volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […]; and sold by John and Arthur Arch, […], published 1819, →OCLC, pages 191–192:",
"text": "[W]e went to the Chetto de san Felice, to see the noblemen and their ladies at Basset, a game at cards which is much used, but they play not in public, and all that have inclination to it are in masquerade, without speaking one word, and so they come in, play, loose or gaine, and go away as they please.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1778, [Frances Burney], “Letter XXII. Evelina [to the Rev. Mr. Villars] in Continuation.”, in Evelina, or, A Young Lady’s Entrance into the World, volume I, London: […] T[homas] Lowndes, […], →OCLC, pages 177–178:",
"text": "[S]he ſcolded me for I believe tvvo hours, on account of having left her, […] But ſhe aſſured me, that if ever I did ſo again, ſhe vvould never more take me into public.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1815 December (indicated as 1816), [Jane Austen], chapter XIV, in Emma: […], volume II, London: […] [Charles Roworth and James Moyes] for John Murray, →OCLC, page 267:",
"text": "[M]y particular friend, Mrs. Partridge, the lady I have always resided with when in Bath, would be most happy to shew you any attentions, and would be the very person for you to go into public with.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1857, Pisistratus Caxton [pseudonym; Edward Bulwer-Lytton], chapter I, in What will He Do with It? (Collection of British Authors; CCCCVII), Tauchnitz edition, volume I, Leipzig: Bernhard Tauchnitz, →OCLC, book I, page 6:",
"text": "[K]isses, though pleasant in private, are insipid in public.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly in in public: the presence of spectators or people generally; the open."
],
"links": [
[
"in public",
"in public"
],
[
"presence",
"presence#Noun"
],
[
"spectator",
"spectator"
],
[
"generally",
"generally"
],
[
"open",
"open#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Chiefly in in public: the presence of spectators or people generally; the open."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʌblɪk/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-public.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/En-us-public.ogg/En-us-public.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/En-us-public.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʊblɪk/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌblɪk"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "publick"
},
{
"word": "publicke"
},
{
"word": "publike"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "publique"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "publik"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕāmma",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "عَامَّة"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jumhūr",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "جُمْهُور"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hasarakutʻyun",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "հասարակություն"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "camaat"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "ictimaiyyət"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "públika",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пу́бліка"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "hramádzkascʹ",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "грама́дзкасць"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "públika",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пу́блика"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obštéstvenost",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "обще́ственост"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "公眾"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "gung¹ zung³",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "公众"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "大眾"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "daai⁶ zung³",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "大众"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "公眾"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gōngzhòng",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "公众"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "大眾"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dàzhòng",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "大众"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "veřejnost"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "offentlighed"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "publiek"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "publiko"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "avalikkus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "yleisö"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "public"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ṗubliḳa",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "პუბლიკა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sazogadoeba",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "საზოგადოება"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "xalxi",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "ხალხი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Publikum"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Öffentlichkeit"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "koinó",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κοινό"
},
{
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "piblik"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "kahál",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "קהל"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "tsibúr",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "צִבּוּר"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jantā",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "जनता"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "lok",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "लोक"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "lok-jan",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "लोक-जन"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sarvajan",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "सर्वजन"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jansādhāraṇ",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "जनसाधारण"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jansāmānya",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "जनसामान्य"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "avām",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "अवाम"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "nagyközönség"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "nyilvánosság"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "almenningur"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "publik"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "khalayak"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "an pobal"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "na daoine"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pubblico"
},
{
"alt": "こうきょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōkyō",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "公共"
},
{
"alt": "たいしゅう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "taishū",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "大衆"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "äleumet",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "әлеумет"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "jūrtşylyq",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "жұртшылық"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "bɑɑbɑndaa riəh",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "បណ្ដារាស្ត្រ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "mɔhaacŭən",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "មហាជន"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "nĕək phɑɑng",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "អ្នកផង"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "saathiərĕəʼnaʼ cŭən",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "សាធារណជន"
},
{
"alt": "大衆",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "daejung",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "대중"
},
{
"alt": "公共",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gonggong",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "공공"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "koomculuk",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "коомчулук"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "sā thā la na",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "ສາທາລະນະ"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "sā thā la na son",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "ສາທາລະນະຊົນ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "publicum"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vulgus"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "publika"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sabiedrība"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "publika"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "visuomenė"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "javnost",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "јавност"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "marea"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "ard olon",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "ард олон"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "olon niit",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "олон нийт"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "allmennhet"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"english": "the public",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "offentligheten"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "folc"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "'omum",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "عُموم"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "publika"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "społeczeństwo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "público"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "avām",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "ਅਵਾਮ"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "jantā",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ਜਨਤਾ"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "public"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "públika",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пу́блика"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naród",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "наро́д"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obščéstvennostʹ",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "обще́ственность"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sluagh"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "пу̀блика"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "ја́вно̄ст"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pùblika"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "jávnōst"
},
{
"code": "shn",
"lang": "Shan",
"roman": "kúun móeng",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "ၵူၼ်းမိူင်း"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "verejnosť"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "javnost"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "público"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"class-12",
"class-14"
],
"word": "umma"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "allmänhet"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "bayan"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "madla"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "umum",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "умум"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "prajalu",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "ప్రజలు"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bprà-chaa-chon",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "ประชาชน"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "má-hǎa-chon",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "มหาชน"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "sǎa-taa-rá-ná-chon",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "สาธารณชน"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "halk"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "kamu"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "köpçülik"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "públika",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пу́бліка"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hromádsʹkistʹ",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "грома́дськість"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "'avām",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "عَوام"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "awam",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "ئاۋام"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "jama'et",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "جامائەت"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "köpchilik",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "كۆپچىلىك"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "avom"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "jamoat"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "jamoatchilik"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "công chúng"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "xã hội"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"word": "cyhoedd"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "oylem",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "עולם"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sar (diq)"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "members of the community or the people in general",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "şar (diq)"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "more basic bar in a public house",
"word": "pubin kaikille avoin osa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "particular demographic or group of people, or segment of the population, sharing some common characteristic; (sociology) group of people sharing some common interest, but not necessarily having any interactions with each other",
"word": "yleisö"
}
],
"word": "public"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English semantic loans from Russian",
"English semantic loans from Ukrainian",
"English terms borrowed back into English",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Etruscan",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"English terms derived from Russian",
"English terms derived from Ukrainian",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Arabic translations",
"Requests for review of Central Kurdish translations",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Requests for review of Manx translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Requests for review of Slovene translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌblɪk",
"Rhymes:English/ʌblɪk/2 syllables",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Assamese translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Neapolitan translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Punjabi translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Shan translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Tarifit translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Turkmen translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"Terms with Zazaki translations",
"en:Collectives"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "publik"
},
"expansion": "Middle English publik",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "public"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman public",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "public"
},
"expansion": "Middle French public",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "public",
"t": "(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public; official; (noun) community or its members collectively; nation, state; audience, spectators collectively"
},
"expansion": "Old French public (“(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public; official; (noun) community or its members collectively; nation, state; audience, spectators collectively”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "public"
},
"expansion": "French public",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pūblicus",
"t": "of or belonging to the community, people, or state; general, public"
},
"expansion": "Latin pūblicus (“of or belonging to the community, people, or state; general, public”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*poplos",
"t": "army"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ett",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Etruscan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-",
"t": "to fill"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "people"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of people",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ceorlfolc"
},
"expansion": "Old English ceorlfolc",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective and noun are derived from Late Middle English publik, publike (“(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public or public affairs; (noun) a generally observable place or situation”), from Anglo-Norman public, publik, publique, Middle French public, publique, and Old French public (“(adjective) generally observable, public; relating to the general public; official; (noun) community or its members collectively; nation, state; audience, spectators collectively”) (modern French public, publique (obsolete)); and from their etymon Latin pūblicus (“of or belonging to the community, people, or state; general, public”), an alteration of poplicus (influenced by pūbēs (“adult men; male population”)), from poplus (“community; the people, public; nation, state”) (later populus; from Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”); further origin uncertain, possibly from Etruscan or from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)) + -icus (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’). Doublet of people.\nThe Middle English word displaced native Old English ceorlfolc and folclic.\nThe verb is derived from the adjective.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "publics",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "publicing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "publiced",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "publiced",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "public (third-person singular simple present publics, present participle publicing, simple past and past participle publiced)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"publ‧ic"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Scottish English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1939 May 4, James Joyce, Finnegans Wake, London: Faber and Faber Limited, →OCLC; republished London: Faber & Faber Limited, 1960, →OCLC, part I, page 160:",
"text": "[H]e is such a barefooted rubber with my supersocks pulled over his face which I publicked in my bestback garden for the laetification of siderodromites and to the irony of the stars.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make (something) openly or widely known; to publicize, to publish."
],
"links": [
[
"make",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"openly",
"openly"
],
[
"widely",
"widely"
],
[
"known",
"known#Adjective"
],
[
"publicize",
"publicise"
],
[
"publish",
"publish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, originally Scotland, archaic) To make (something) openly or widely known; to publicize, to publish."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʌblɪk/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-public.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/En-us-public.ogg/En-us-public.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/En-us-public.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʊblɪk/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌblɪk"
}
],
"word": "public"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English semantic loans from Russian",
"English semantic loans from Ukrainian",
"English terms borrowed back into English",
"English terms derived from Russian",
"English terms derived from Ukrainian",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌblɪk",
"Rhymes:English/ʌblɪk/2 syllables",
"en:Collectives"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ru",
"3": "па́блик"
},
"expansion": "Semantic loan from Russian па́блик (páblik)",
"name": "semantic loan"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "uk",
"3": "па́блик",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian па́блик (páblyk)",
"name": "semantic loan"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "en",
"3": "public"
},
"expansion": "English public",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Semantic loan from Russian па́блик (páblik) and Ukrainian па́блик (páblyk), па́блік (páblik, “public webpage on a blog or on social media”), both borrowed from English public: see etymology 1.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "publics",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "public (plural publics)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"publ‧ic"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English neologisms",
"English terms with quotations",
"Non-native speakers' English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2023 January 7, Alexander Grigoryev, “Russian public: PMC \"Wagner\" fighters report that the Armed Forces of Ukraine are using unidentified chemical weapons in Artemovsk”, in Military Review:",
"text": "Russian publics report that the fighters of the Wagner group have already practically taken possession of Soledar, there are fights on the outskirts, where the Vushniks are trying to fight back in the salt mines.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 December, Iryna Rudia, Vaiva Zuzevičiūtė, Olena Gogorenko, Public Security and Public Order, number 34, Kaunas: Mykolas Romeris University, →DOI, pages 219 of 218–225:",
"text": "Complex inductions are unconscious powerful components of influence. They include the following varieties:\n[…] 4) Truisms. The term comes from the English word \"true\", which means \"truth\". Therefore, under truism it is accepted to understand banal truths, i.e. something that in principle does not require confirmation, but it is so banal and common knowledge that it is rather strange to base on it, but here again there is a \"but\". In our subconsciousness we perceive it as a certain axiom, and this axiom is interpreted by our subconsciousness itself. As an example, the phrase \"In matters of war, Russia is Russia, and Ukraine is Ukraine\" was repeatedly encountered in Russian publics. In principle, there is no sense in this phrase, because not a single fact is given. However, each of the readers interpreted it for himself, and putting the word \"Russia\" in the foreground makes a hint that Russia is stronger than Ukraine in military terms, but the phrase itself does not express such a meaning extra-linguistically.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An internet publication."
],
"links": [
[
"non-native speaker",
"non-native speaker"
],
[
"internet",
"internet"
],
[
"publication",
"publication"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-native speakers' English",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-native speakers' English, neologism) An internet publication."
],
"tags": [
"neologism"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʌblɪk/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-public.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/En-us-public.ogg/En-us-public.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/En-us-public.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʊblɪk/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌblɪk"
}
],
"word": "public"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French adjectives",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms borrowed from Latin",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "assistance publique"
},
{
"word": "bien public"
},
{
"word": "clé publique"
},
{
"word": "crieur public"
},
{
"word": "danger public"
},
{
"word": "deniers publics"
},
{
"word": "domaine public"
},
{
"word": "éclairage public"
},
{
"word": "être de notoriété publique"
},
{
"word": "fille publique"
},
{
"word": "jardin public"
},
{
"word": "ministère public"
},
{
"word": "offre publique d’achat"
},
{
"word": "opinion publique"
},
{
"word": "ordre public"
},
{
"word": "salubrité publique"
},
{
"word": "santé publique"
},
{
"word": "secteur public"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "pūblicus"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin pūblicus",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin pūblicus. The noun is from the adjective.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "publique",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "publics",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "publiques",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "public (feminine publique, masculine plural publics, feminine plural publiques)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French relational adjectives",
"French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the public interest",
"text": "l’intérêt public",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the public good",
"text": "le bien public",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The public voice is for him.",
"text": "La voix publique est pour lui.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"public (various meanings)",
"of the people as a whole; public"
],
"links": [
[
"public",
"public#English"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"whole",
"whole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"public (various meanings)",
"(relational) of the people as a whole; public [from 1238]"
],
"tags": [
"relational"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It's already public news.",
"text": "C’est une nouvelle qui est déjà publique.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"public (various meanings)",
"public; seen or known by everyone"
],
"links": [
[
"public",
"public#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"public (various meanings)",
"public; seen or known by everyone [from 1330]"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "public powers",
"text": "pouvoirs publics",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "public notary",
"text": "notaire public",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"public (various meanings)",
"public; representing the state on behalf of the community"
],
"links": [
[
"public",
"public#English"
],
[
"state",
"state"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"public (various meanings)",
"public; representing the state on behalf of the community [from 1390]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "étatique"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "public place",
"text": "lieu public",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "streetwalker, prostitute (literally, “public girl”)",
"text": "fille publique",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"public (various meanings)",
"public; open to all"
],
"links": [
[
"public",
"public#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"public (various meanings)",
"public; open to all [from 1538]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "commun"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/py.blik/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-public-fr CA.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/Fr-public-fr_CA.ogg/Fr-public-fr_CA.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Fr-public-fr_CA.ogg"
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],
"word": "public"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French adjectives",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms borrowed from Latin",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bon public"
},
{
"word": "en public"
},
{
"word": "grand public"
},
{
"word": "gros public"
},
{
"word": "laver son linge sale en public"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "la",
"3": "pūblicus"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin pūblicus",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin pūblicus. The noun is from the adjective.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "publics",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "public m (plural publics)",
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],
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"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "And the demand is increasing amongst the general public.",
"ref": "2015 October 3, Romain Gueugneau, “Le smartphone tout terrain s’aventure dans le grand public”, in LesEchos:",
"text": "Et la demande augmente dans le grand public.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"public (people in general)"
],
"links": [
[
"public",
"public#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"public (people in general) [from 1320]"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French terms with quotations",
"French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He had to please his audience.",
"text": "Il devait plaire à son public.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "When I sing, it's for the audience",
"ref": "2016, Claudine Monfette, Robert Charlebois, Pierre Nadeau (lyrics and music), “Ordinaire”, in Encore un soir, performed by Céline Dion:",
"text": "Quand je chante, c’est pour le public",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"audience"
],
"links": [
[
"audience",
"audience"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"audience [from 1671]"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/py.blik/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-public-fr CA.ogg",
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],
"word": "public"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "adjective form",
"g": "m-p"
},
"expansion": "public m pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ladin",
"lang_code": "lld",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
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"Ladin adjective forms",
"Ladin entries with incorrect language header",
"Ladin non-lemma forms",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
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"form_of": [
{
"word": "publich"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of publich"
],
"links": [
[
"publich",
"publich#Ladin"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "public"
}
{
"categories": [
"Occitan adjectives",
"Occitan countable nouns",
"Occitan entries with incorrect language header",
"Occitan lemmas",
"Occitan masculine nouns",
"Occitan nouns",
"Occitan terms derived from Latin",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
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{
"word": "publicament"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "la",
"3": "publicus"
},
"expansion": "Latin publicus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin publicus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "publica",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "publics",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "publicas",
"tags": [
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"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "feminine singular",
"6": "publica",
"7": "masculine plural",
"8": "publics",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "f|s",
"f3accel-form": "m|p",
"f4accel-form": "m|p",
"f5accel-form": "f|p",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "public m (feminine singular publica, masculine plural publics, feminine plural publicas)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "public m (feminine singular publica, masculine plural publics, feminine plural publicas)",
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}
],
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "privat"
}
],
"glosses": [
"public"
],
"links": [
[
"public",
"public#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
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],
"word": "public"
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{
"categories": [
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"Occitan countable nouns",
"Occitan entries with incorrect language header",
"Occitan lemmas",
"Occitan masculine nouns",
"Occitan nouns",
"Occitan terms derived from Latin",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
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"2": "la",
"3": "publicus"
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"expansion": "Latin publicus",
"name": "der"
}
],
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{
"form": "publics",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "nouns",
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"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "public m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "public m (plural publics)",
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}
],
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"lang_code": "oc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"public, audience"
],
"links": [
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"public#Occitan"
],
[
"audience",
"audience"
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],
"tags": [
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]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"word": "public"
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{
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"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
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],
"forms": [
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"form": "publique",
"tags": [
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"nominative",
"oblique",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {
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"10": "",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "oblique and nominative feminine singular",
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"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"g": "m",
"head": ""
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"expansion": "public m (oblique and nominative feminine singular publique)",
"name": "head"
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "public m (oblique and nominative feminine singular publique)",
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],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
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"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
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"links": [
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],
"tags": [
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}
],
"synonyms": [
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{
"word": "publiq"
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{
"word": "publique"
}
],
"word": "public"
}
{
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"Pages with entries",
"Romanian adjectives",
"Romanian countable nouns",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian neuter nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian terms borrowed from French",
"Romanian terms derived from French",
"Romanian terms derived from Latin"
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"2": "fr",
"3": "public"
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"expansion": "Borrowed from French public",
"name": "bor+"
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{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "publicus"
},
"expansion": "Latin publicus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French public, from Latin publicus.",
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"form": "publică",
"tags": [
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"singular"
]
},
{
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"plural"
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},
{
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"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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},
{
"form": "public",
"source": "declension",
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"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "publică",
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"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "publici",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "publice",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "publicul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "publica",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "publicii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "publicele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "public",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "publice",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "publici",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "publice",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "publicului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "publicei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "publicilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "publicelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "public m or n (feminine singular publică, masculine plural publici, feminine and neuter plural publice)",
"name": "ro-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ro-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"public"
],
"links": [
[
"public",
"public#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpu.blik/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Andreea Teodoraa-public.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e0/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-public.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-public.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e0/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-public.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-public.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "public"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Romanian adjectives",
"Romanian countable nouns",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian neuter nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian terms borrowed from French",
"Romanian terms derived from French",
"Romanian terms derived from Latin"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "public"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French public",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "publicus"
},
"expansion": "Latin publicus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French public, from Latin publicus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "publice",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "publice"
},
"expansion": "public n (plural publice)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"the public"
],
"links": [
[
"public",
"public#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpu.blik/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Andreea Teodoraa-public.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e0/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-public.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-public.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e0/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-public.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-public.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "public"
}
Download raw JSONL data for public meaning in All languages combined (145.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.