See bayan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "bahayan",
"3": "",
"t": "place of houses or buildings"
},
"expansion": "Contraction of bahayan (“place of houses or buildings”)",
"name": "contraction"
},
{
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},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "pam",
"2": "balen"
},
"expansion": "Kapampangan balen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Contraction of bahayan (“place of houses or buildings”), from bahay + -an. Compare Kapampangan balen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜊᜌᜈ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"b": "+"
},
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],
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"ba‧yan"
],
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{
"glosses": [
"city"
],
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[
"city",
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]
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{
"word": "lungsod"
}
]
},
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[
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[
"commercial",
"commercial"
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[
"district",
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"town; municipality"
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[
"town",
"town"
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[
"municipality",
"municipality"
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{
"word": "munisipyo"
}
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},
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"glosses": [
"nation; state; country"
],
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[
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[
"state",
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"country",
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{
"word": "bansa"
}
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{
"_dis": "6 1 6 2 1 35 16 13 14 4 1",
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{
"_dis": "6 1 6 2 1 32 15 11 13 4 1 1 7",
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{
"_dis": "6 1 3 1 1 39 14 13 13 3 1 1 5",
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"name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
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{
"_dis": "7 3 10 3 3 19 18 6 10 5 2 3 12",
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{
"_dis": "9 3 11 4 3 22 21 6 12 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 3 1 1 40 15 14 13 2 1 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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],
"glosses": [
"motherland; native land"
],
"id": "en-bayan-tl-noun-orQDo-mi",
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[
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"motherland"
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[
"native",
"native"
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[
"land",
"land"
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "inang bayan"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 3 10 3 3 19 18 6 10 5 2 3 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "9 3 11 4 3 22 21 6 12 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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"glosses": [
"people; citizens; the public"
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"id": "en-bayan-tl-noun-1gRRJ-n-",
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[
"people",
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[
"citizen",
"citizen"
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[
"public",
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{
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"city-state; polity"
],
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[
"city-state",
"city-state"
],
[
"polity",
"polity"
]
],
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"(historical) city-state; polity"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "tl",
"name": "Plants",
"orig": "tl:Plants",
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"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
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{
"_dis": "23 4 1 0 4 1 2 1 1 28 9 12 10 2 0 1 3",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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],
"glosses": [
"Memecylon ovatum"
],
"id": "en-bayan-tl-noun-1oUPpzfl",
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[
"botany",
"botany"
]
],
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"(botany) Memecylon ovatum"
],
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{
"word": "kulis"
}
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"space between the ground and the sky"
],
"id": "en-bayan-tl-noun-009c1yXO",
"links": [
[
"space",
"space"
],
[
"ground",
"ground"
],
[
"sky",
"sky"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) space between the ground and the sky"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"weather"
],
"id": "en-bayan-tl-noun-5ecr6048",
"links": [
[
"weather",
"weather"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) weather"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "panahon"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "banwa"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbajan/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbaː.jɐn̪]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ajan"
}
],
"word": "bayan"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "bahayan",
"3": "",
"t": "place of houses or buildings"
},
"expansion": "Contraction of bahayan (“place of houses or buildings”)",
"name": "contraction"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "bahay",
"3": "-an"
},
"expansion": "bahay + -an",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pam",
"2": "balen"
},
"expansion": "Kapampangan balen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Contraction of bahayan (“place of houses or buildings”), from bahay + -an. Compare Kapampangan balen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜊᜌᜈ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "bayan (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜌᜈ᜔)",
"name": "tl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ba‧yan"
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Bagumbayan"
},
{
"word": "balikbayan"
},
{
"word": "bayanan"
},
{
"word": "bayang-pinanganakan"
},
{
"word": "bayang-sinilangan"
},
{
"word": "crush ng bayan"
},
{
"word": "daang-bayan"
},
{
"word": "damdaming-bayan"
},
{
"word": "digmaang-bayan"
},
{
"word": "gawaing-bayan"
},
{
"word": "Hukbalahap"
},
{
"word": "hukbong bayan"
},
{
"word": "inang bayan"
},
{
"word": "kababayan"
},
{
"word": "kabayanan"
},
{
"word": "kalapit-bayan"
},
{
"word": "kurong-bayan"
},
{
"word": "kuwentong-bayan"
},
{
"word": "lingkod-bayan"
},
{
"word": "Madlangbayan"
},
{
"word": "magbayan"
},
{
"word": "makabayan"
},
{
"word": "makipamayan"
},
{
"word": "mamamayan"
},
{
"word": "mamayan"
},
{
"word": "mangapit-bayan"
},
{
"word": "mangibang-bayan"
},
{
"word": "paaralang-bayan"
},
{
"word": "pagkamakabayan"
},
{
"word": "pagkamamamayan"
},
{
"word": "pamamayan"
},
{
"word": "pamanang-bayan"
},
{
"word": "pamayanan"
},
{
"word": "pambayan"
},
{
"word": "panglingkurang-bayan"
},
{
"word": "pangmamamayan"
},
{
"word": "sakupbayan"
},
{
"word": "sambayanan"
},
{
"word": "sangguniang bayan"
},
{
"word": "tagabayan"
},
{
"word": "taong-bayan"
},
{
"word": "tinubuang-bayan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"folk; popular (usually in compounds)"
],
"id": "en-bayan-tl-adj-eP-XsWvw",
"links": [
[
"folk",
"folk"
],
[
"popular",
"popular"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) folk; popular (usually in compounds)"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "banwa"
},
{
"word": "barangay"
}
],
"tags": [
"relational"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbajan/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbaː.jɐn̪]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ajan"
}
],
"word": "bayan"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "bayán",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ᜊᜌᜈ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bayán",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "bayán (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜌᜈ᜔)",
"name": "tl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ba‧yan"
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"day"
],
"id": "en-bayan-tl-noun-lEwn5bl6",
"links": [
[
"day",
"day"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) day"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "araw"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/baˈjan/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[bɐˈjan̪]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-an"
}
],
"word": "bayan"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
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{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "bayuhan"
},
"expansion": "Syncopic form of bayuhan",
"name": "sync"
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{
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"1": "tl",
"2": "bayo",
"3": "-han"
},
"expansion": "bayo + -han",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Syncopic form of bayuhan, from bayo + -han.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bayán",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "binayan",
"tags": [
"completive"
]
},
{
"form": "binabayan",
"tags": [
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "babayan",
"tags": [
"contemplative"
]
},
{
"form": "ᜊᜌᜈ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
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}
],
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{
"args": {
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"3": "binabayan",
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"name": "tl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ba‧yan"
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to be pounded upon; to be crushed upon",
"word": "bayuhan"
}
],
"categories": [
{
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"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of bayuhan (“to be pounded upon; to be crushed upon”)"
],
"id": "en-bayan-tl-verb-we0kFDyT",
"links": [
[
"bayuhan",
"bayuhan#Tagalog"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/baˈjan/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
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},
{
"ipa": "[bɐˈjan̪]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-an"
}
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"word": "bayan"
}
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"Tagalog 2-syllable words",
"Tagalog adjectives",
"Tagalog contractions",
"Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"Tagalog lemmas",
"Tagalog nouns",
"Tagalog obsolete terms",
"Tagalog syncopic forms",
"Tagalog terms suffixed with -an",
"Tagalog terms suffixed with -han",
"Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"Tagalog verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
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"3": "",
"t": "place of houses or buildings"
},
"expansion": "Contraction of bahayan (“place of houses or buildings”)",
"name": "contraction"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
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"3": "-an"
},
"expansion": "bahay + -an",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pam",
"2": "balen"
},
"expansion": "Kapampangan balen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Contraction of bahayan (“place of houses or buildings”), from bahay + -an. Compare Kapampangan balen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜊᜌᜈ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "bayan (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜌᜈ᜔)",
"name": "tl-noun"
}
],
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"ba‧yan"
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"city"
],
"links": [
[
"city",
"city"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lungsod"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"downtown; commercial district"
],
"links": [
[
"downtown",
"downtown"
],
[
"commercial",
"commercial"
],
[
"district",
"district"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"town; municipality"
],
"links": [
[
"town",
"town"
],
[
"municipality",
"municipality"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "munisipyo"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"nation; state; country"
],
"links": [
[
"nation",
"nation"
],
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"country",
"country"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bansa"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"motherland; native land"
],
"links": [
[
"motherland",
"motherland"
],
[
"native",
"native"
],
[
"land",
"land"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "inang bayan"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"people; citizens; the public"
],
"links": [
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"citizen",
"citizen"
],
[
"public",
"public"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Tagalog terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"city-state; polity"
],
"links": [
[
"city-state",
"city-state"
],
[
"polity",
"polity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) city-state; polity"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"tl:Plants"
],
"glosses": [
"Memecylon ovatum"
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) Memecylon ovatum"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kulis"
}
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Tagalog terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"space between the ground and the sky"
],
"links": [
[
"space",
"space"
],
[
"ground",
"ground"
],
[
"sky",
"sky"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) space between the ground and the sky"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Tagalog terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"weather"
],
"links": [
[
"weather",
"weather"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) weather"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "panahon"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "banwa"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbajan/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbaː.jɐn̪]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ajan"
}
],
"word": "bayan"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/ajan",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/ajan/2 syllables",
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"Rhymes:Tagalog/an/2 syllables",
"Tagalog 2-syllable words",
"Tagalog adjectives",
"Tagalog contractions",
"Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"Tagalog lemmas",
"Tagalog nouns",
"Tagalog obsolete terms",
"Tagalog syncopic forms",
"Tagalog terms suffixed with -an",
"Tagalog terms suffixed with -han",
"Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"Tagalog verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Bagumbayan"
},
{
"word": "balikbayan"
},
{
"word": "bayanan"
},
{
"word": "bayang-pinanganakan"
},
{
"word": "bayang-sinilangan"
},
{
"word": "crush ng bayan"
},
{
"word": "daang-bayan"
},
{
"word": "damdaming-bayan"
},
{
"word": "digmaang-bayan"
},
{
"word": "gawaing-bayan"
},
{
"word": "Hukbalahap"
},
{
"word": "hukbong bayan"
},
{
"word": "inang bayan"
},
{
"word": "kababayan"
},
{
"word": "kabayanan"
},
{
"word": "kalapit-bayan"
},
{
"word": "kurong-bayan"
},
{
"word": "kuwentong-bayan"
},
{
"word": "lingkod-bayan"
},
{
"word": "Madlangbayan"
},
{
"word": "magbayan"
},
{
"word": "makabayan"
},
{
"word": "makipamayan"
},
{
"word": "mamamayan"
},
{
"word": "mamayan"
},
{
"word": "mangapit-bayan"
},
{
"word": "mangibang-bayan"
},
{
"word": "paaralang-bayan"
},
{
"word": "pagkamakabayan"
},
{
"word": "pagkamamamayan"
},
{
"word": "pamamayan"
},
{
"word": "pamanang-bayan"
},
{
"word": "pamayanan"
},
{
"word": "pambayan"
},
{
"word": "panglingkurang-bayan"
},
{
"word": "pangmamamayan"
},
{
"word": "sakupbayan"
},
{
"word": "sambayanan"
},
{
"word": "sangguniang bayan"
},
{
"word": "tagabayan"
},
{
"word": "taong-bayan"
},
{
"word": "tinubuang-bayan"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "bahayan",
"3": "",
"t": "place of houses or buildings"
},
"expansion": "Contraction of bahayan (“place of houses or buildings”)",
"name": "contraction"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "bahay",
"3": "-an"
},
"expansion": "bahay + -an",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pam",
"2": "balen"
},
"expansion": "Kapampangan balen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Contraction of bahayan (“place of houses or buildings”), from bahay + -an. Compare Kapampangan balen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜊᜌᜈ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "bayan (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜌᜈ᜔)",
"name": "tl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ba‧yan"
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "banwa"
},
{
"word": "barangay"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Tagalog relational adjectives"
],
"glosses": [
"folk; popular (usually in compounds)"
],
"links": [
[
"folk",
"folk"
],
[
"popular",
"popular"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) folk; popular (usually in compounds)"
],
"tags": [
"relational"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbajan/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbaː.jɐn̪]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ajan"
}
],
"word": "bayan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/an",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/an/2 syllables",
"Tagalog 2-syllable words",
"Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"Tagalog lemmas",
"Tagalog nouns",
"Tagalog obsolete terms",
"Tagalog syncopic forms",
"Tagalog terms suffixed with -han",
"Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"Tagalog verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "bayán",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ᜊᜌᜈ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bayán",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "bayán (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜌᜈ᜔)",
"name": "tl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ba‧yan"
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Tagalog terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"day"
],
"links": [
[
"day",
"day"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) day"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "araw"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/baˈjan/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[bɐˈjan̪]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-an"
}
],
"word": "bayan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/an",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/an/2 syllables",
"Tagalog 2-syllable words",
"Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"Tagalog lemmas",
"Tagalog obsolete terms",
"Tagalog syncopic forms",
"Tagalog terms suffixed with -han",
"Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"Tagalog verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "bayuhan"
},
"expansion": "Syncopic form of bayuhan",
"name": "sync"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "bayo",
"3": "-han"
},
"expansion": "bayo + -han",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Syncopic form of bayuhan, from bayo + -han.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bayán",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "binayan",
"tags": [
"completive"
]
},
{
"form": "binabayan",
"tags": [
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "babayan",
"tags": [
"contemplative"
]
},
{
"form": "ᜊᜌᜈ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bayán",
"2": "binayan",
"3": "binabayan",
"4": "babayan",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "bayán (complete binayan, progressive binabayan, contemplative babayan, Baybayin spelling ᜊᜌᜈ᜔)",
"name": "tl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ba‧yan"
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to be pounded upon; to be crushed upon",
"word": "bayuhan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of bayuhan (“to be pounded upon; to be crushed upon”)"
],
"links": [
[
"bayuhan",
"bayuhan#Tagalog"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/baˈjan/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[bɐˈjan̪]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-an"
}
],
"word": "bayan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bayan meaning in Tagalog (9.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Tagalog dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.