See cunning in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for cunning meaning in English (35.1kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cunning folk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cunning linguist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cunning linguistics"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cunningly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cunning man"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cunningness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cunning woman"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "overcunning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "uncunning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "カンニング"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵneh₃-"
},
"expansion": "[Template:root]",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cunning"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cunning",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "kunning"
},
"expansion": "kunning",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "konnyng"
},
"expansion": "konnyng",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cunninde"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cunninde",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "kunnende"
},
"expansion": "kunnende",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cunnand"
},
"expansion": "cunnand",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cunnende"
},
"expansion": "Old English cunnende",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cunnan",
"3": "",
"4": "to know how to, be able to"
},
"expansion": "cunnan (“to know how to, be able to”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "con",
"3": "ing"
},
"expansion": "con + -ing",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "cunnand",
"3": "",
"4": "cunning"
},
"expansion": "Scots cunnand (“cunning”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "könnend",
"3": "",
"4": "able to do"
},
"expansion": "German könnend (“able to do”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kunnandi",
"3": "",
"4": "cunning"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic kunnandi (“cunning”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "con"
},
"expansion": "con",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "can",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cunning, kunning, konnyng, alteration of earlier Middle English cunninde, kunnende, cunnand, from Old English cunnende, present participle of cunnan (“to know how to, be able to”), equivalent to con + -ing. Cognate with Scots cunnand (“cunning”), German könnend (“able to do”), Icelandic kunnandi (“cunning”). More at con, can.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more cunning",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most cunning",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cunning (comparative more cunning, superlative most cunning)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 1 29 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 0 20 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ing",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 0 16 26 8 5 8 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sly; crafty; clever in surreptitious behaviour."
],
"id": "en-cunning-en-adj-TZmtyRIh",
"links": [
[
"Sly",
"sly"
],
[
"crafty",
"crafty"
],
[
"clever",
"clever"
],
[
"surreptitious",
"surreptitious"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wily"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mākir",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "مَاكِر"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xoramank",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "խորամանկ"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "xítry",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "хі́тры"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lukáv",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "лука́в"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kováren",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "кова́рен"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hítǎr",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "хи́тър"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "astut"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "murri"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "maquiavèl·lic"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiǎohuá",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "狡猾"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "狡詐"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiǎozhà",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "狡诈"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiǎoxiá",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "狡黠"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "prohnaný"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "mazaný"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "vychytralý"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "sluw"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "doortrapt"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "geslepen"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "leep"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "ruza"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "ovela"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "kiero"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "rusé"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "renarte"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tréfego"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xistrón"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "solerte"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "sangual"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pillabán"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prosmeiro"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arteiro"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "galdrido"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "matreiro"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "cbieri",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "ცბიერი"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mzaḳvruli",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "მზაკვრული"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "kveškveša",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "ქვეშქვეშა"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ešmaḳi",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "ეშმაკი"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "gerissen"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "schlau"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "listig"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "durchtrieben"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "hinterlistig"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "abgefeimt"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "listenreich"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "gefinkelt"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "gefitzt"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "listeigs",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "𐌻𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kídaphos",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "κίδαφος"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "puknós",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "πυκνός"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "ravasz"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "dörzsölt"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "csalafinta"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "cseles"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "alattomos"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "veekas"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "kavala"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "glic"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "furbo"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "astuto"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"alt": "こうかつな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōkatsu na",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "狡猾な"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gyohwalhada",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "교활하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "zko",
"lang": "Kott",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "āru"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "vafer"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "callidus"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "versūtus"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "viltīgs"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"word": "rusé"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Church Slavic",
"roman": "xytrŭ",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "хꙑтръ"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Church Slavic",
"roman": "lǫkavŭ",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "лѫкавъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "ġēaplīċ"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "kurnaz",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "قورناز"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "asmak",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "آصمق"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "makkâr",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "مکار"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "rend",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "رند"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chytry"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cwany"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "przebiegły"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sprytny"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "astuto"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "esperto"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "matreiro"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "viclean"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "șiret"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xítryj",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "хи́трый"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lukávyj",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "лука́вый"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kovárnyj",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "кова́рный"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pronýrlivyj",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "проны́рливый"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dóšlyj",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "до́шлый"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "dhūrta",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "धूर्त"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "seòlta"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "лукав"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "препреден"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "подмукао"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "lukav"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "prepreden"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "podmukao"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "mazaný"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "prefíkaný"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "zvit"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "astuto"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "pillo"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "listo"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "cuco"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "slug"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "listig"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "tuso"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "xýtryj",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "хи́трий"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 21 3 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "lukávyj",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "лука́вий"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Skillful, artful."
],
"id": "en-cunning-en-adj-lNSVAAbD",
"links": [
[
"Skillful",
"skillful"
],
[
"artful",
"artful"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Skillful, artful."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "srǎčen",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "сръчен"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izkusen",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "изкусен"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "astut"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "murri"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiǎomiào",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "巧妙"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "šikovný"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "obratný"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "handig"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "bedreven"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "ovela"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "taitava"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "skillful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "talentueux"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "cbieri",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "ცბიერი"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "geschickt"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "gewandt"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "ausgefuchst"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "gewitzt"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "gewieft"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "clever"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "schlau"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "gefinkelt"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "ausgeklügelt"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "gefitzt"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "streblós",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "στρεβλός"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "ügyes"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "ingegnoso"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"alt": "こうかつな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōkatsu na",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "狡猾な"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"alt": "こうみょうな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōmyō na",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "巧妙な"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "callidus"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "gorbez",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "گربز"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "skillful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umiejętny"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "skillful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wprawny"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "skillful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zręczny"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "astuto"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "esperto"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "skillful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "priceput"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "umélyj",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "уме́лый"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "iskúsnyj",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "иску́сный"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lóvkij",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "ло́вкий"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "seòlta"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "chytrý"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "astuto"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "ingenioso"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 62 13 1",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "nērpari",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "నేర్పరి"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 0 20 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ing",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 0 16 26 8 5 8 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "cunning work",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Wrought with, or exhibiting, skill or ingenuity; ingenious."
],
"id": "en-cunning-en-adj-CVLiLiE-",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Wrought with, or exhibiting, skill or ingenuity; ingenious."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "38 0 20 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ing",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 0 16 26 8 5 8 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1857, Barbara H. Channing, The Sisters Abroad, Or, an Italian Journey",
"text": "everybody gives something to the cunning little boy; his eyes are large and soft, and he wears a pointed hat, and tight breeches, and jacket",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Cute, appealing."
],
"id": "en-cunning-en-adj-sm5zUnqT",
"links": [
[
"Cute",
"cute"
],
[
"appealing",
"appealing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, colloquial, dated) Cute, appealing."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"colloquial",
"dated"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "11 2 3 84",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "cute",
"word": "rozkošný"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 2 3 84",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "cute",
"word": "milý"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 2 3 84",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "cute",
"word": "sladký"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 2 3 84",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cute",
"word": "cuco"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 2 3 84",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cute",
"word": "mono"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-ʌnɪŋ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkʌnɪŋ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-cunning.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/En-us-cunning.ogg/En-us-cunning.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/En-us-cunning.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cunning"
],
"word": "cunning"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "artlessness"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "bluntness"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "candor"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "honesty"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "innocence"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "naïveté"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "simplicity"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "veracity"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wortcunning"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵneh₃-"
},
"expansion": "[Template:root]",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cunning"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cunning",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "kunnyng"
},
"expansion": "kunnyng",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*cunning",
"pos": "verbal noun"
},
"expansion": "Old English *cunning (verbal noun)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cunnan",
"t": "to know how to, be able to"
},
"expansion": "Old English cunnan (“to know how to, be able to”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cunnung",
"t": "knowledge, trial, probation, experience, contact, carnal knowledge"
},
"expansion": "Old English cunnung (“knowledge, trial, probation, experience, contact, carnal knowledge”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cunnian",
"3": "",
"4": "to search into, try, test, seek for, explore, investigate, experience, have experience of, to make trial of, know"
},
"expansion": "cunnian (“to search into, try, test, seek for, explore, investigate, experience, have experience of, to make trial of, know”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "con",
"3": "ing",
"id2": "gerund noun"
},
"expansion": "con + -ing",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cunning, kunnyng, partially from Old English *cunning (verbal noun), from Old English cunnan (“to know how to, be able to”); partially from Old English cunnung (“knowledge, trial, probation, experience, contact, carnal knowledge”), from cunnian (“to search into, try, test, seek for, explore, investigate, experience, have experience of, to make trial of, know”), equivalent to con + -ing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cunnings",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "cunning (countable and uncountable, plural cunnings)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "skill"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "chicanery"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "duplicity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "evasion"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "knavery"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "magic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "ruse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "subterfuge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "trickery"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "wily"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2005, Plato, translated by Lesley Brown, Sophist, page 236d",
"text": "indeed at this very moment he's slipped away with the utmost cunning into a form that's most perplexing to investigate.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Practical knowledge or experience; aptitude in performance; skill, proficiency; dexterity."
],
"id": "en-cunning-en-noun-WCG-2X3I",
"links": [
[
"Practical",
"practical"
],
[
"experience",
"experience"
],
[
"aptitude",
"aptitude"
],
[
"skill",
"skill"
],
[
"proficiency",
"proficiency"
],
[
"dexterity",
"dexterity"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Practical skill employed in a secret or crafty manner; craft; artifice; skillful deceit; art or magic."
],
"id": "en-cunning-en-noun-DHOsXnzL",
"links": [
[
"craft",
"craft"
],
[
"artifice",
"artifice"
],
[
"deceit",
"deceit"
],
[
"art",
"art"
],
[
"magic",
"magic"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The disposition to employ one's skill in an artful manner; craftiness; guile; artifice; skill of being cunning, sly, conniving, or deceitful."
],
"id": "en-cunning-en-noun-pxOYtQQ4",
"links": [
[
"artful",
"artful"
],
[
"craftiness",
"craftiness"
],
[
"guile",
"guile"
],
[
"artifice",
"artifice"
],
[
"conniving",
"conniving"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the cunning of the fox or hare",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The natural wit or instincts of an animal."
],
"id": "en-cunning-en-noun-oJa556Z0",
"links": [
[
"wit",
"wit"
],
[
"instinct",
"instinct"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Knowledge; learning; special knowledge (sometimes implying occult or magical knowledge)."
],
"id": "en-cunning-en-noun-Q4ZA42uY",
"links": [
[
"Knowledge",
"knowledge"
],
[
"learning",
"learning"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Knowledge; learning; special knowledge (sometimes implying occult or magical knowledge)."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-ʌnɪŋ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkʌnɪŋ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-cunning.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/En-us-cunning.ogg/En-us-cunning.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/En-us-cunning.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "craftiness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "foxship"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "list"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "abet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "art"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "beguilement"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "craft"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "cunning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "dodge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "foxiness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "guile"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "subtlety"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "wile"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kovarstvo",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "коварство"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lukavstvo",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "лукавство"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "ckt",
"lang": "Chukchi",
"roman": "gyttagyrgyn",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "гыттагыргын"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "sluwheid"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "oveluus"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "kierous"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fourberie"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sournoiserie"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gerissenheit"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "panoûrgos",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "πανοῦργος"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "furberia"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "furbizia"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"alt": "こうかつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōkatsu",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "狡猾"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "versūtia"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "itrina",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "итрина"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "rauhanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "sleighte"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "snedighet"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chytrość"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "cwaniactwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "przebiegłość"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spryt"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ardil"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "astúcia"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "esperteza"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "viclenie"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kovárstvo",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "кова́рство"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xítrostʹ",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "хи́трость"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ardid"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "astucia"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cuquería"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "list"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "slughet"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 35 0 1",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kapaṭamu",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "కపటము"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 35 31 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "srǎčnost",
"sense": "aptitude",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сръчност"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 35 31 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "umenie",
"sense": "aptitude",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "умение"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 35 31 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "aptitude",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kundigheid"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 35 31 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "aptitude",
"word": "taitavuus"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 35 31 0 0",
"alt": "こうかつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōkatsu",
"sense": "aptitude",
"word": "狡猾"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 35 31 0 0",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "aptitude",
"word": "sleighte"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 35 31 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "aptitude",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "umiejętność"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 35 31 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "aptitude",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "habilidade"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 35 31 0 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "aptitude",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "capacitate"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 35 31 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uménije",
"sense": "aptitude",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "уме́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 35 31 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "iskússtvo",
"sense": "aptitude",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "иску́сство"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 35 31 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "aptitude",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "habilidad"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 35 31 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "aptitude",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cuquería"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 35 31 0 0",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "tarahā",
"sense": "aptitude",
"word": "తరహా"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cunning"
],
"word": "cunning"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵneh₃-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms suffixed with -ing",
"English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of Ido translations",
"Requests for review of Japanese translations",
"Requests for review of Norman translations",
"Requests for review of Norwegian translations",
"Requests for review of Old English translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌnɪŋ",
"Rhymes:English/ʌnɪŋ/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cunning folk"
},
{
"word": "cunning linguist"
},
{
"word": "cunning linguistics"
},
{
"word": "cunningly"
},
{
"word": "cunning man"
},
{
"word": "cunningness"
},
{
"word": "cunning woman"
},
{
"word": "overcunning"
},
{
"word": "uncunning"
},
{
"word": "カンニング"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵneh₃-"
},
"expansion": "[Template:root]",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cunning"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cunning",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "kunning"
},
"expansion": "kunning",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "konnyng"
},
"expansion": "konnyng",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cunninde"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cunninde",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "kunnende"
},
"expansion": "kunnende",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cunnand"
},
"expansion": "cunnand",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cunnende"
},
"expansion": "Old English cunnende",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cunnan",
"3": "",
"4": "to know how to, be able to"
},
"expansion": "cunnan (“to know how to, be able to”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "con",
"3": "ing"
},
"expansion": "con + -ing",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "cunnand",
"3": "",
"4": "cunning"
},
"expansion": "Scots cunnand (“cunning”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "könnend",
"3": "",
"4": "able to do"
},
"expansion": "German könnend (“able to do”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kunnandi",
"3": "",
"4": "cunning"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic kunnandi (“cunning”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "con"
},
"expansion": "con",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "can",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cunning, kunning, konnyng, alteration of earlier Middle English cunninde, kunnende, cunnand, from Old English cunnende, present participle of cunnan (“to know how to, be able to”), equivalent to con + -ing. Cognate with Scots cunnand (“cunning”), German könnend (“able to do”), Icelandic kunnandi (“cunning”). More at con, can.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more cunning",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most cunning",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cunning (comparative more cunning, superlative most cunning)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Sly; crafty; clever in surreptitious behaviour."
],
"links": [
[
"Sly",
"sly"
],
[
"crafty",
"crafty"
],
[
"clever",
"clever"
],
[
"surreptitious",
"surreptitious"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wily"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Skillful, artful."
],
"links": [
[
"Skillful",
"skillful"
],
[
"artful",
"artful"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Skillful, artful."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "cunning work",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Wrought with, or exhibiting, skill or ingenuity; ingenious."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Wrought with, or exhibiting, skill or ingenuity; ingenious."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English colloquialisms",
"English dated terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1857, Barbara H. Channing, The Sisters Abroad, Or, an Italian Journey",
"text": "everybody gives something to the cunning little boy; his eyes are large and soft, and he wears a pointed hat, and tight breeches, and jacket",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Cute, appealing."
],
"links": [
[
"Cute",
"cute"
],
[
"appealing",
"appealing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, colloquial, dated) Cute, appealing."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"colloquial",
"dated"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-ʌnɪŋ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkʌnɪŋ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-cunning.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/En-us-cunning.ogg/En-us-cunning.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/En-us-cunning.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mākir",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "مَاكِر"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xoramank",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "խորամանկ"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "xítry",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "хі́тры"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lukáv",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "лука́в"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kováren",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "кова́рен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hítǎr",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "хи́тър"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "astut"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "murri"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "maquiavèl·lic"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiǎohuá",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "狡猾"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "狡詐"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiǎozhà",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "狡诈"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiǎoxiá",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "狡黠"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "prohnaný"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "mazaný"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "vychytralý"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "sluw"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "doortrapt"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "geslepen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "leep"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "ruza"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "ovela"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "kiero"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "rusé"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "renarte"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tréfego"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xistrón"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "solerte"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "sangual"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pillabán"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prosmeiro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arteiro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "galdrido"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "matreiro"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "cbieri",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "ცბიერი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mzaḳvruli",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "მზაკვრული"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "kveškveša",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "ქვეშქვეშა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ešmaḳi",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "ეშმაკი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "gerissen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "schlau"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "listig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "durchtrieben"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "hinterlistig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "abgefeimt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "listenreich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "gefinkelt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "gefitzt"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "listeigs",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "𐌻𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kídaphos",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "κίδαφος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "puknós",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "πυκνός"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "ravasz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "dörzsölt"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "csalafinta"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "cseles"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "alattomos"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "veekas"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "kavala"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "glic"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "furbo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "astuto"
},
{
"alt": "こうかつな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōkatsu na",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "狡猾な"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gyohwalhada",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "교활하다"
},
{
"code": "zko",
"lang": "Kott",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "āru"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "vafer"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "callidus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "versūtus"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "viltīgs"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"word": "rusé"
},
{
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Church Slavic",
"roman": "xytrŭ",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "хꙑтръ"
},
{
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Church Slavic",
"roman": "lǫkavŭ",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "лѫкавъ"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "ġēaplīċ"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "kurnaz",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "قورناز"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "asmak",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "آصمق"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "makkâr",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "مکار"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "rend",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "رند"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chytry"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cwany"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "przebiegły"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sprytny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "astuto"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "esperto"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "matreiro"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "viclean"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "șiret"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xítryj",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "хи́трый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lukávyj",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "лука́вый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kovárnyj",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "кова́рный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pronýrlivyj",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "проны́рливый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dóšlyj",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "до́шлый"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "dhūrta",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "धूर्त"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "seòlta"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "лукав"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "препреден"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "подмукао"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "lukav"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "prepreden"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sly",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "podmukao"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "mazaný"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "prefíkaný"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "zvit"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "astuto"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "pillo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "listo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "cuco"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "slug"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "listig"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "tuso"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "xýtryj",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "хи́трий"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "lukávyj",
"sense": "sly",
"word": "лука́вий"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "srǎčen",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "сръчен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izkusen",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "изкусен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "astut"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "murri"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiǎomiào",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "巧妙"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "šikovný"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "obratný"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "handig"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "bedreven"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "ovela"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "taitava"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "skillful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "talentueux"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "cbieri",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "ცბიერი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "geschickt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "gewandt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "ausgefuchst"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "gewitzt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "gewieft"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "clever"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "schlau"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "gefinkelt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "ausgeklügelt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "gefinkelt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "gefitzt"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "streblós",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "στρεβλός"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "ügyes"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "ingegnoso"
},
{
"alt": "こうかつな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōkatsu na",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "狡猾な"
},
{
"alt": "こうみょうな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōmyō na",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "巧妙な"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "callidus"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "gorbez",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "گربز"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "skillful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umiejętny"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "skillful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wprawny"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "skillful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zręczny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "astuto"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "esperto"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "skillful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "priceput"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "umélyj",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "уме́лый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "iskúsnyj",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "иску́сный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lóvkij",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "ло́вкий"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "seòlta"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "chytrý"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "astuto"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "ingenioso"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "nērpari",
"sense": "skillful",
"word": "నేర్పరి"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "cute",
"word": "rozkošný"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "cute",
"word": "milý"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "cute",
"word": "sladký"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cute",
"word": "cuco"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cute",
"word": "mono"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cunning"
],
"word": "cunning"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "artlessness"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "bluntness"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "candor"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "honesty"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "innocence"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "naïveté"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "simplicity"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "veracity"
}
],
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵneh₃-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:English/ʌnɪŋ",
"Rhymes:English/ʌnɪŋ/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "wortcunning"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵneh₃-"
},
"expansion": "[Template:root]",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cunning"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cunning",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "kunnyng"
},
"expansion": "kunnyng",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*cunning",
"pos": "verbal noun"
},
"expansion": "Old English *cunning (verbal noun)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cunnan",
"t": "to know how to, be able to"
},
"expansion": "Old English cunnan (“to know how to, be able to”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cunnung",
"t": "knowledge, trial, probation, experience, contact, carnal knowledge"
},
"expansion": "Old English cunnung (“knowledge, trial, probation, experience, contact, carnal knowledge”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cunnian",
"3": "",
"4": "to search into, try, test, seek for, explore, investigate, experience, have experience of, to make trial of, know"
},
"expansion": "cunnian (“to search into, try, test, seek for, explore, investigate, experience, have experience of, to make trial of, know”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "con",
"3": "ing",
"id2": "gerund noun"
},
"expansion": "con + -ing",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cunning, kunnyng, partially from Old English *cunning (verbal noun), from Old English cunnan (“to know how to, be able to”); partially from Old English cunnung (“knowledge, trial, probation, experience, contact, carnal knowledge”), from cunnian (“to search into, try, test, seek for, explore, investigate, experience, have experience of, to make trial of, know”), equivalent to con + -ing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cunnings",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "cunning (countable and uncountable, plural cunnings)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "skill"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "chicanery"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "duplicity"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "evasion"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "knavery"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "magic"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "ruse"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "subterfuge"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "trickery"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "wily"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2005, Plato, translated by Lesley Brown, Sophist, page 236d",
"text": "indeed at this very moment he's slipped away with the utmost cunning into a form that's most perplexing to investigate.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Practical knowledge or experience; aptitude in performance; skill, proficiency; dexterity."
],
"links": [
[
"Practical",
"practical"
],
[
"experience",
"experience"
],
[
"aptitude",
"aptitude"
],
[
"skill",
"skill"
],
[
"proficiency",
"proficiency"
],
[
"dexterity",
"dexterity"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Practical skill employed in a secret or crafty manner; craft; artifice; skillful deceit; art or magic."
],
"links": [
[
"craft",
"craft"
],
[
"artifice",
"artifice"
],
[
"deceit",
"deceit"
],
[
"art",
"art"
],
[
"magic",
"magic"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The disposition to employ one's skill in an artful manner; craftiness; guile; artifice; skill of being cunning, sly, conniving, or deceitful."
],
"links": [
[
"artful",
"artful"
],
[
"craftiness",
"craftiness"
],
[
"guile",
"guile"
],
[
"artifice",
"artifice"
],
[
"conniving",
"conniving"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the cunning of the fox or hare",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The natural wit or instincts of an animal."
],
"links": [
[
"wit",
"wit"
],
[
"instinct",
"instinct"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Knowledge; learning; special knowledge (sometimes implying occult or magical knowledge)."
],
"links": [
[
"Knowledge",
"knowledge"
],
[
"learning",
"learning"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Knowledge; learning; special knowledge (sometimes implying occult or magical knowledge)."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-ʌnɪŋ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkʌnɪŋ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-cunning.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/En-us-cunning.ogg/En-us-cunning.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/En-us-cunning.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "craftiness"
},
{
"word": "foxship"
},
{
"word": "list"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "abet"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "art"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "beguilement"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "craft"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "cunning"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "dodge"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "foxiness"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "guile"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "subtlety"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cunning",
"word": "wile"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kovarstvo",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "коварство"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lukavstvo",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "лукавство"
},
{
"code": "ckt",
"lang": "Chukchi",
"roman": "gyttagyrgyn",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "гыттагыргын"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "sluwheid"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "oveluus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "kierous"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fourberie"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sournoiserie"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gerissenheit"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "panoûrgos",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "πανοῦργος"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "furberia"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "furbizia"
},
{
"alt": "こうかつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōkatsu",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "狡猾"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "versūtia"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "itrina",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "итрина"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "rauhanga"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "sleighte"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "snedighet"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chytrość"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "cwaniactwo"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "przebiegłość"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spryt"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ardil"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "astúcia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "esperteza"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "viclenie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kovárstvo",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "кова́рство"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xítrostʹ",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "хи́трость"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ardid"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "astucia"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cuquería"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "list"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "slughet"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kapaṭamu",
"sense": "skill of being sly or deceitful",
"word": "కపటము"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "srǎčnost",
"sense": "aptitude",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сръчност"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "umenie",
"sense": "aptitude",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "умение"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "aptitude",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kundigheid"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "aptitude",
"word": "taitavuus"
},
{
"alt": "こうかつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōkatsu",
"sense": "aptitude",
"word": "狡猾"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "aptitude",
"word": "sleighte"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "aptitude",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "umiejętność"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "aptitude",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "habilidade"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "aptitude",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "capacitate"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uménije",
"sense": "aptitude",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "уме́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "iskússtvo",
"sense": "aptitude",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "иску́сство"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "aptitude",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "habilidad"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "aptitude",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cuquería"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "tarahā",
"sense": "aptitude",
"word": "తరహా"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cunning"
],
"word": "cunning"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (0b52755 and 5cb0836). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.