See dude on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cisdude"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dude-bro"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dudedom"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dude food"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Dudeism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Dudeist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dudeless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dudelet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dudely"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dudeness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dude ranch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dudeship"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dude up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dudevorce"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dudey"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dudical"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dudish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "everydude"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "dudine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "dudess"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dudette"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "doodle",
"3": "",
"4": "fool, simpleton, mindless person",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "clipping of doodle (“fool, simpleton, mindless person”)",
"name": "clipping"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Dudeldop"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Dudeldop",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Duddigegen",
"3": "",
"4": "idiot"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Duddigegen (“idiot”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "dúid"
},
"expansion": "Irish dúid",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, though likely a clipping of doodle (“fool, simpleton, mindless person”), perhaps with reference to the fashionable “Yankee Doodle dandy” in the 18th-century lyrics of the song “Yankee Doodle”; the word is first attested in 1883 as a New York City slang term of contempt for a “fastidious man, fop”. If so, then related to German Low German Dudeldop, Dudendop (“fool, dunce”), Saterland Frisian Duddigegen (“idiot”).\nIt has also been suggested that the word is derived from dudes (“old rags”; compare duds) and dudesman (“scarecrow”), or possibly related to dawdle; It has also been suggested the word derives from the Irish dúid.\nThe common claim that the term derives from (or is) a word for a camel's foreskin (or some other vulgar thing, like a hair on a cow, horse, donkey, or elephant's bottom) is false.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dudes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dude (plural dudes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Canadian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "24 10 17 1 1 8 1 12 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 13 15 1 1 10 1 13 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "So we were at the mall and these two dudes just walk up to us and say \"hi\".",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1883 March 7, “Animal Intelligence: Facts Tending to Throw Light on the Question: ‘Do Dudes Reason?’”, in Puck, volume XIII, number 313, New York, N.Y.: Keppler & Schwarzmann, →OCLC, page 299:",
"text": "A very pretty little dudine of Fifth Avenue is much admired by the dudes in her neighborhood, and it has been observed on several occasions that she appeared to be able to discriminate between them, and not only shows a preference for one dude over another; but is able to recognize the dudes she likes after an interval of separation. It is said, also, that in accepting the attentions of her dude wooers, she shows a peculiar mimicry of the coquettish manners of human girls.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1896, J. Harington Keene, “Directions for Reading Character from Handwriting”, in The Mystery of Handwriting: A Handbook of Graphology, Boston, Mass.: Lee and Shepard Publishers, 10 Milk Street, →OCLC, page 19:",
"text": "At first sight it may seem odd that the character-reader should in any case declare himself incapable of distinguishing sex in writing. […] The most prevalent reason for this probably lies in the so-called \"emancipation of women,\" who, on aping the masculine pursuits and propensities, really acquire the virile tone of character. In a similar way the \"dude\" of the day becomes androgynous; and the result in one case is a masculine soul in a woman's shape, and in the other a feminine soul in the degraded form of the so-called \"dude\".",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Tim J. Myers, “Choc Rocks”, in Rude Dude's Book of Food: Stories behind Some of the Crazy-Cool Stuff We Eat, [Sanger, Calif.]: Familius, →ISBN:",
"text": "At first Europeans didn't realize what chocolate could be—poor guys! [Christopher] Columbus saw cacao beans in 1503, but he didn't have a clue. (No surprise—dude thought he was in India!)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Oliver Benjamin, “Additional Notes from the Author”, in The Dude De Ching, new annotated edition, [s.l.]: Abide University Press; Dudeism, LLC:",
"text": "Though the term \"dude\" originated as a term to describe a certain type of male, and then later to refer to men in general, today it is often used to refer to both genders, at least in certain parts of the United States. Dudeism doesn't recognize \"dude\" as a gender-specific word. We consider both women and men who exhibit dude-like qualities to be \"dudes,\" and assert that the word \"dude\" can mean many different things depending on the context.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A man, generally a younger man."
],
"id": "en-dude-en-noun-BHYyDhMg",
"links": [
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"younger",
"younger"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly US, Canada, colloquial) A man, generally a younger man."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 0 26",
"english": "New Zealand slang (mainly in Southland)",
"sense": "man",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"British"
],
"word": "bloke"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 0 26",
"sense": "man",
"tags": [
"British"
],
"word": "chap"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 0 26",
"sense": "man",
"tags": [
"British",
"dated"
],
"word": "cove"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 0 26",
"sense": "man",
"word": "guy"
}
],
"tags": [
"Canada",
"US",
"colloquial"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plako"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pič",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пич"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "paio"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tio"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiāhuo",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "家伙"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xiǎohuǒzi",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "小伙子"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fyr"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "starut"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fætter"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kerel"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "knul"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "ulo"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "jätkä"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "hemmo"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "tyyppi"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "heppu"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "heebo"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "jäbä"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "jäpikäs"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "kaveri"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "äijä"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gars"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mec"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "type"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kerl"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"Switzerland",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Junge"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "týpos",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "τύπος"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "ḥabúb",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "חַבּוּבּ"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "géver",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "גֶּבֶר"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bandā",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "बंदा"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gaur"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "bung"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tipo"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yatsu",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "やつ"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nom",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "놈"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "lou",
"lang": "Louisiana Creole French",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "boug"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "مړه"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "آقاپسر"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "koleś"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gość"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gościu"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gostek"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "typek"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ziomek"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ziomal"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "pl",
"english": "joking",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zią"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gościara"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kolesiówna"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "typiara"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "facet"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "facio"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ziomuś"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"sometimes"
],
"word": "chłop"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"masculine"
],
"word": "cara"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "tipo"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tip"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mužík",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "мужи́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čuvák",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чува́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kent",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кент"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "of a young boy",
"roman": "pacán",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "паца́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tipo"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"Costa-Rica",
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "mae"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"Spain",
"masculine"
],
"word": "tío"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "bato"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "compay"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"El-Salvador",
"masculine"
],
"word": "mishule"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "snubbe"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kille"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "jeppe"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "tol"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bachan"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "boi"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 30 0 1 24",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "dŵd"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 5 17 0 0 9 1 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 2 21 1 1 9 2 12 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 10 17 1 1 8 1 12 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 8 16 1 1 10 1 13 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 4 19 1 1 7 3 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 7 18 1 1 6 2 13 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 8 18 1 1 9 1 12 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 8 17 1 1 8 1 13 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 3 20 1 1 7 2 13 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 4 21 1 1 7 3 15 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 7 17 1 1 9 1 14 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 8 17 1 1 9 1 13 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 16 1 1 10 1 13 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 3 20 1 1 7 2 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 8 18 1 1 8 1 12 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 4 18 0 0 8 0 17 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Louisiana Creole translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 16 1 1 11 1 13 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 9 19 1 1 8 1 12 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 3 20 1 1 7 2 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Pashto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 13 15 1 1 10 1 13 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 9 18 1 1 8 1 12 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 8 17 1 1 8 1 13 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 16 1 1 10 1 13 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Samoan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 8 18 1 1 9 1 12 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 9 16 1 1 8 1 14 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Telugu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 16 1 1 10 1 13 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tongan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 3 19 1 1 7 3 15 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Dude, I'd be careful around the principal; he's having a bad day.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Watch it, dude; you almost knocked me over.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2011, C. J. Pascoe, “Becoming Mr. Cougar: Institutionalizing Heterosexuality and Masculinity at River High”, in Dude, You're a Fag: Masculinity and Sexuality in High School, Berkeley, Los Angeles, Calif.: University of California Press, →ISBN, page 37:",
"text": "The session concluded as Josh, disgusted and surprised, yelled, \"Dude, you hit like a girl!\" The boys in auto shop drew on images of both femininity—\"you hit like a girl\"—and bisexuality—\"I'll show you a switch hitter.\" (A bisexual man was often referred to as a \"switch hitter\" or as someone who \"played for both teams.\")",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A term of address for someone, typically a man, particularly when cautioning them or offering advice."
],
"id": "en-dude-en-noun-JWa3e-Nb",
"links": [
[
"address",
"address#Noun"
],
[
"man",
"man#English"
],
[
"cautioning",
"caution#Verb"
],
[
"advice",
"advice#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, used in the vocative) A term of address for someone, typically a man, particularly when cautioning them or offering advice."
],
"raw_tags": [
"used in the vocative"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "10 79 0 0 11",
"sense": "term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"British",
"New-Zealand"
],
"word": "mate"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ape",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "ապե"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "aper",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "ապեր"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "axper",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "ախպեր"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pič",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "пич"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huǒji",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "伙計"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǎoxiōng",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "老兄"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kerel"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "maat"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vent"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "fj",
"lang": "Fijian",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "boso"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "äijä"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "kaveri"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "jätkä"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "jäbä"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mec"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"rare"
],
"word": "mon pote"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"rare"
],
"word": "man"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"rare"
],
"word": "gars"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "meu"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amigo"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Alter"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bhāī",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "भाई"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "yār",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "यार"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gaur"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "bung"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "socio"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amico"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zio"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "osu",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "おす"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "lou",
"lang": "Louisiana Creole French",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "boug"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "brat",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "брат"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "drúže",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дру́же"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "brátko",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бра́тко"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "brátče",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "бра́тче"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "آقا"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "برادر"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "koleś"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "koleżka"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ziomek"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "typek"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stary"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chłop"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"masculine"
],
"word": "cara"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "tipo"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
],
"word": "pá"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kóreš",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ко́реш"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "drugán",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "друга́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bratán",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "брата́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "ru",
"english": "rude",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čuvák",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чува́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "ru",
"english": "rude",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mužík",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "мужи́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "sm",
"lang": "Samoan",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "sole"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "compadre"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Spain",
"masculine"
],
"word": "colega"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "es",
"english": "River Plate",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "flaco"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Mexico",
"masculine"
],
"word": "güey"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "es",
"english": "Andes",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Caribbean",
"Central-America",
"Mexico",
"masculine"
],
"word": "mano"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "es",
"english": "Andes",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "parce"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Spain"
],
"word": "tío"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Costa-Rica",
"masculine"
],
"word": "mae"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Central-America",
"masculine"
],
"word": "maje"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "es",
"english": "slightly vulgar",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Colombia",
"masculine"
],
"word": "marica"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Peru",
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "causa"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Cuba",
"masculine"
],
"word": "asere"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Cuba",
"masculine"
],
"word": "acere"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Nicaragua",
"masculine"
],
"word": "cousín"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "es",
"english": "Andes",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "parcero"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "sv",
"english": "immigrant slang",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "jao"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "sv",
"english": "same",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "jaow"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "rā",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "రా"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "kakaş"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "achan"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "boi"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mêt"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 77 0 0 12",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dŵd"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "[1896, George H. Hamilton, Sunlight; or, The Diamond King. A Western Drama, in Four Acts (Ames' Series of Standard and Minor Drama; no. 372), Clyde, Oh.: Ames' Publishing Co., →OCLC, page 14:",
"text": "Dollie. […] [W]hen I went I had a proposal of marriage. / Silas. Who from, Dollie? / Dollie. Why, from a man— / Silas. Oh! I thought it was from a dude. / Dollie. Not this time.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An inexperienced cowboy."
],
"id": "en-dude-en-noun-oBEP3lhH",
"links": [
[
"inexperienced",
"inexperienced"
],
[
"cowboy",
"cowboy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2006 July–August, J. P. S. Brown, “Hard to Replace: Bill Scott Knows the Value of a Good Horse, a Good Customer, and a Way of Life”, in American Cowboy, Sheridan, Wy.: American Cowboy, →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 74 and 76:",
"text": "Dudes are at least as entertaining as cows, even when they don't mean to be. A cow can’t voice that honestly curious question that turns a poor cowboy into a laughing fool the way a dude can. Probably nothing in the world can move a cowboy more than a newborn calf's clean, good looks and actions, unless it’s the look of awe on a little dude’s face the first time it sees a cowboy on a horse.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Richard W. Bevis, “Mi Tsi A-da-zi”, in Dudes and Savages: The Resonance of Yellowstone, [Bloomington, Ind.]: Trafford Publishing, →ISBN, page 32:",
"text": "The \"dudes\" are the automobile and bus tourists, mere passers-through: thousands a summer day, millions a season. […] \"Dude\" expresses perfectly the image that seasonals from the stagecoach driver to the gas-pump jockey have had of tourists: soft, wealthy, uninitiated, ignorant, lowland and (preferably) eastern. […] For the average dude – if such a construct may be admitted – the park is an unusual commodity, financed by his taxes, from which he is therefore entitled to extract as much use and pleasure as he can from the rangers and seasonals who stand in his way.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Jeremy Agnew, “The Image Persists”, in The Creation of the Cowboy Hero: Fiction, Film and Fact, Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Company, →ISBN, page 212:",
"text": "\"Dude\" was originally a name for ranch vacationers with no disrespect attached, but it later became derisively associated with clueless easterners who knew nothing of Western ways, as portrayed by Bob Hope in Son of Paleface (1952). Junior's fiancé^([sic – meaning fiancée]) (Jane Russell) tells him to \"go out West.\" When Junior (Bob Hope) wants to show that he has become a Westerner, he wears a tall outsized white hat like Tom Mix and white wooly chaps, the traditional movie outfit representing an eastern dude. A female dude was known as a \"dudess\" or \"dudine.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A tourist."
],
"id": "en-dude-en-noun-eVGkkGsC",
"links": [
[
"tourist",
"tourist"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) A tourist."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 8 16 1 1 10 1 13 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 16 1 1 11 1 13 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 13 15 1 1 10 1 13 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[the colour of a yellow dog lighted by the moon]",
"ref": "1883 March 7, “Signs of Spring”, in Puck, volume XIII, number 313, New York, N.Y.: Keppler & Schwarzmann, →OCLC, page 21:",
"text": "When the dude dons gloves couleur de chien jaune éclairé de la lune—",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1889, Melville D[e Lancey] Landon, “Eli Perkins’ Dudes”, in Wit and Humor of the Age, Comprising Wit, Humor, Pathos, Ridicule, Satires, Dialects, Puns, Conundrums, Riddles, Charades, Jokes and Magic: By Mark Twain, Josh Billings, Robt. J[ones] Burdette, Alex. Sweet, Eli Perkins: With the Philosophy of Wit and Humor, Chicago, Ill.: G. Cline Pub. House, →OCLC, page 246:",
"text": "There are three kinds of dudes in New York. There is the inanimate rich dude who don't want to do a thing on earth but exhibit himself. Then there is the poor dude, who dresses like the rich dude, and who wants to marry a rich girl […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A man who is very concerned about his dress and appearance; a dandy, a fop."
],
"id": "en-dude-en-noun-9a~sEAFm",
"links": [
[
"concerned",
"concern#Verb"
],
[
"dress",
"dress"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
],
[
"dandy",
"dandy"
],
[
"fop",
"fop"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A man who is very concerned about his dress and appearance; a dandy, a fop."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "16 10 0 0 74",
"sense": "man concerned about his appearance",
"word": "dandy"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 10 0 0 74",
"sense": "man concerned about his appearance",
"word": "fop"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 10 0 0 74",
"sense": "man concerned about his appearance",
"word": "masher"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "do͞od",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/duːd/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/duːd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[dʉːwd]",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"term-of-address"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dude.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/En-us-dude.ogg/En-us-dude.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/En-us-dude.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-dude.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/En-au-dude.ogg/En-au-dude.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/En-au-dude.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːd"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"nonstandard"
],
"word": "dood"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"nonstandard"
],
"word": "dewd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Internet"
],
"word": "d00d"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"American Speech",
"James Caldwall",
"The Chronicle of Higher Education",
"Wellcome Library",
"dude"
],
"word": "dude"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "doodle",
"3": "",
"4": "fool, simpleton, mindless person",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "clipping of doodle (“fool, simpleton, mindless person”)",
"name": "clipping"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Dudeldop"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Dudeldop",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Duddigegen",
"3": "",
"4": "idiot"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Duddigegen (“idiot”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "dúid"
},
"expansion": "Irish dúid",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, though likely a clipping of doodle (“fool, simpleton, mindless person”), perhaps with reference to the fashionable “Yankee Doodle dandy” in the 18th-century lyrics of the song “Yankee Doodle”; the word is first attested in 1883 as a New York City slang term of contempt for a “fastidious man, fop”. If so, then related to German Low German Dudeldop, Dudendop (“fool, dunce”), Saterland Frisian Duddigegen (“idiot”).\nIt has also been suggested that the word is derived from dudes (“old rags”; compare duds) and dudesman (“scarecrow”), or possibly related to dawdle; It has also been suggested the word derives from the Irish dúid.\nThe common claim that the term derives from (or is) a word for a camel's foreskin (or some other vulgar thing, like a hair on a cow, horse, donkey, or elephant's bottom) is false.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dude",
"name": "en-interj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 5 17 0 0 9 1 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 3 25 1 1 4 2 13 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms of address",
"parents": [
"Terms of address",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 2 21 1 1 9 2 12 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 11 2 7 0 1 3 1 9 10 13 0 1 14 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 12 1 8 0 0 4 0 10 10 10 0 1 11 13 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 10 17 1 1 8 1 12 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 8 16 1 1 10 1 13 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 6 21 0 0 7 1 10 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 4 19 1 1 7 3 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 7 18 1 1 6 2 13 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 8 18 1 1 9 1 12 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 3 20 1 1 9 3 14 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 8 17 1 1 8 1 13 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 3 20 1 1 7 2 13 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 4 21 1 1 7 3 15 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 7 17 1 1 9 1 14 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 8 17 1 1 9 1 13 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 16 1 1 10 1 13 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 3 20 1 1 7 2 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 2 22 1 1 7 2 14 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 8 18 1 1 8 1 12 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 4 18 0 0 8 0 17 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Louisiana Creole translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 16 1 1 11 1 13 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 9 19 1 1 8 1 12 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 3 20 1 1 7 2 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Pashto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 13 15 1 1 10 1 13 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 9 18 1 1 8 1 12 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 8 17 1 1 8 1 13 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 2 21 1 1 8 2 13 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 16 1 1 10 1 13 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Samoan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 2 20 0 0 7 2 16 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 8 18 1 1 9 1 12 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 9 16 1 1 8 1 14 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Telugu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 16 1 1 10 1 13 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tongan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 3 19 1 1 7 3 15 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Dude! You finally called!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Karen Marie Moning, Shadowfever: A Novel (The Fever Series; 5), New York, N.Y.: Delacorte Press, →ISBN:",
"text": "And, feckin' A, you ain't never gonna guess this one—dude! […] Thinking this is a little worse than me watching porn. Dude.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A term of address, usually for a man, conveying awe, excitement, surprise, annoyance, etc."
],
"id": "en-dude-en-intj-ryIPpqBR",
"links": [
[
"awe",
"awe#English"
],
[
"excitement",
"excitement#English"
],
[
"surprise",
"surprise#English"
],
[
"annoyance",
"annoyance#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) A term of address, usually for a man, conveying awe, excitement, surprise, annoyance, etc."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Australia",
"British",
"New-Zealand"
],
"word": "mate"
}
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "do͞od",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/duːd/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/duːd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[dʉːwd]",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"term-of-address"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dude.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/En-us-dude.ogg/En-us-dude.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/En-us-dude.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-dude.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/En-au-dude.ogg/En-au-dude.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/En-au-dude.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːd"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"American Speech",
"James Caldwall",
"The Chronicle of Higher Education",
"Wellcome Library",
"dude"
],
"word": "dude"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "doodle",
"3": "",
"4": "fool, simpleton, mindless person",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "clipping of doodle (“fool, simpleton, mindless person”)",
"name": "clipping"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Dudeldop"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Dudeldop",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Duddigegen",
"3": "",
"4": "idiot"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Duddigegen (“idiot”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "dúid"
},
"expansion": "Irish dúid",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, though likely a clipping of doodle (“fool, simpleton, mindless person”), perhaps with reference to the fashionable “Yankee Doodle dandy” in the 18th-century lyrics of the song “Yankee Doodle”; the word is first attested in 1883 as a New York City slang term of contempt for a “fastidious man, fop”. If so, then related to German Low German Dudeldop, Dudendop (“fool, dunce”), Saterland Frisian Duddigegen (“idiot”).\nIt has also been suggested that the word is derived from dudes (“old rags”; compare duds) and dudesman (“scarecrow”), or possibly related to dawdle; It has also been suggested the word derives from the Irish dúid.\nThe common claim that the term derives from (or is) a word for a camel's foreskin (or some other vulgar thing, like a hair on a cow, horse, donkey, or elephant's bottom) is false.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dudes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dudeing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "duding",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "duded",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "duded",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dudes",
"2": "dudeing",
"3": "duded",
"pres_ptc2": "duding"
},
"expansion": "dude (third-person singular simple present dudes, present participle dudeing or duding, simple past and past participle duded)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2011, Karen Marie Moning, Shadowfever (The Fever Series; 5), New York, N.Y.: Delacorte Press, →ISBN:",
"text": "\"Where you been, Mac? I missed you! Dude—I mean, man,\" she corrects hastily, with a gamine grin, before I can make good on a threat I made in what feels like another lifetime that I would call her by her full name if she ever \"duded\" me again. […] Oh, yes, she's upset. She just unapologetically \"duded\" me.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Maurene Goo, Since You Asked …, New York, N.Y.: Scholastic Press, →ISBN:",
"text": "The other two guys with him burst into laughter, dude'''ing and high-fiving like mad.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Chris Weitz, “Donna”, in The New Order, New York, N.Y., Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown and Company, →ISBN:",
"text": "After the high fives comes a lot of dude-ing and hugging and I'm-so-happy-to-see-you-ing, and then the sugarcoating of seeing one another again sort of dissolves and we find ourselves in this dinky screening room thing under the eyes of our captors.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To address someone as dude."
],
"id": "en-dude-en-verb-2eCe~Tp2",
"links": [
[
"address",
"address#Verb"
],
[
"dude",
"#Noun"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 5 17 0 0 9 1 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 2 21 1 1 9 2 12 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 12 1 8 0 0 4 0 10 10 10 0 1 11 13 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 10 17 1 1 8 1 12 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 8 16 1 1 10 1 13 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 4 19 1 1 7 3 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 7 18 1 1 6 2 13 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 8 18 1 1 9 1 12 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 8 17 1 1 8 1 13 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 3 20 1 1 7 2 13 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 4 21 1 1 7 3 15 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 7 17 1 1 9 1 14 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 8 17 1 1 9 1 13 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 16 1 1 10 1 13 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 3 20 1 1 7 2 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 8 18 1 1 8 1 12 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 4 18 0 0 8 0 17 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Louisiana Creole translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 16 1 1 11 1 13 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 9 19 1 1 8 1 12 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 3 20 1 1 7 2 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Pashto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 13 15 1 1 10 1 13 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 9 18 1 1 8 1 12 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 8 17 1 1 8 1 13 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 16 1 1 10 1 13 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Samoan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 8 18 1 1 9 1 12 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 9 16 1 1 8 1 14 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Telugu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 16 1 1 10 1 13 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tongan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 3 19 1 1 7 3 15 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1949, Fortnight: The Newsmagazine of California, [Los Angeles, Calif.]: O.D. Keep Associates, →OCLC, page 22, column 3:",
"text": "The Old Hearst Ranch […] is one of the West's largest and most elaborate dude ranches and includes over 500 acres of woodland trails. There's \"dudeing\" with all the trimmings, excellent food and rooms at the lodge or individual cabanas.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2001, Janice Sanford Beck, “Tepee Life in the Northern Hills (1924)”, in No Ordinary Woman: The Story of Mary Schäffer Warren, Surrey, B.C.: Rocky Mountain Books, →ISBN, page 182:",
"text": "I am certainly interested in this \"dude community\" business just because I have tried it in the slightest kind of way. In camping it's \"the fewer the better,\" but in \"dudeing\" it may be \"the more the merrier.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To take a vacation in a dude ranch."
],
"id": "en-dude-en-verb-Zhw0gq53",
"links": [
[
"vacation",
"vacation"
],
[
"dude ranch",
"dude ranch"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "25 5 17 0 0 9 1 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 2 21 1 1 9 2 12 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 11 2 7 0 1 3 1 9 10 13 0 1 14 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 12 1 8 0 0 4 0 10 10 10 0 1 11 13 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 11 16 1 1 9 1 12 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 10 17 1 1 8 1 12 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 8 16 1 1 10 1 13 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 9 16 1 1 8 1 13 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 4 19 1 1 7 3 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 7 18 1 1 6 2 13 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 11 16 1 1 9 1 12 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Fijian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 8 18 1 1 9 1 12 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 8 17 1 1 8 1 13 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 3 20 1 1 7 2 13 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 4 21 1 1 7 3 15 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 7 17 1 1 9 1 14 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 8 17 1 1 9 1 13 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 9 16 1 1 8 1 13 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 16 1 1 10 1 13 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 3 20 1 1 7 2 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 8 18 1 1 8 1 12 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 4 18 0 0 8 0 17 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Louisiana Creole translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 16 1 1 11 1 13 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 9 19 1 1 8 1 12 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 3 20 1 1 7 2 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Pashto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 13 15 1 1 10 1 13 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 10 15 1 1 9 2 13 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 9 18 1 1 8 1 12 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 8 17 1 1 8 1 13 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 16 1 1 10 1 13 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Samoan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 8 18 1 1 9 1 12 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 9 16 1 1 8 1 13 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 9 16 1 1 8 1 14 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Telugu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 16 1 1 10 1 13 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tongan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 9 16 1 1 8 1 13 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 3 19 1 1 7 3 15 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 21 0 0 0 25 0 10 34",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1980, John G. Mitchell, The Hunt, New York, N.Y.: Knopf, →ISBN, page 229:",
"text": "It seemed that the fellas couldn't get enough girlin' and racing fast cars and grooving to rock and dudeing around in city-slick suits from St. Louis.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1994, Sydell I. Voeller, chapter 8, in Her Sister's Keeper, New York, N.Y.: Avalon Press, ISBN 978-0-8034-9063-5; republished Amherst Junction, Wis.: Hard Shell Word Factory, February 2002, ISBN 978-0-7599-0223-7, page 81",
"text": "\"Speaking of being duded out …\" He shrugged, then handed her the bag. \"Here. This is for you.\" / She reached inside and gasped as she pulled out a white suede western style hat. A glittering gold braid encircled the brim. / \"Oh, Zack! It's beautiful. Thank you.\""
},
{
"ref": "1998, Victoria Pade, Cowboy's Love (Silhouette Special Edition; 1159), New York, N.Y.: Silhouette Books, →ISBN:",
"text": "\"Ol' Clint's all duded up, too,\" Cully announced as Savannah opened the door to the only Culhane she had eyes for. \"All duded up\" meant Clint had on a pair of gray slacks that no Savile Row tailor could have made fit any better; a crisp, blindingly white Western dress shirt with pearl snaps down the front; and a black string tie held together with a small silver CC […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1990, Bob Gale & Robert Zemeckis, Back to the Future Part III, screenplay:"
},
{
"text": "Buford Tannen: Especially not some duded-up egg-sucking piece of gutter trash!"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Usually followed by up: to dress up, to wear smart or special clothes."
],
"id": "en-dude-en-verb-dltc~YIi",
"links": [
[
"up",
"up#English"
],
[
"dress up",
"dress up"
],
[
"wear",
"wear"
],
[
"smart",
"smart"
],
[
"special",
"special"
],
[
"clothes",
"clothes"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US) Usually followed by up: to dress up, to wear smart or special clothes."
],
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "do͞od",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/duːd/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/duːd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[dʉːwd]",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"term-of-address"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dude.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/En-us-dude.ogg/En-us-dude.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/En-us-dude.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-dude.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/En-au-dude.ogg/En-au-dude.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/En-au-dude.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːd"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"American Speech",
"James Caldwall",
"The Chronicle of Higher Education",
"Wellcome Library",
"dude"
],
"word": "dude"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "dude",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Asturian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dudar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular present subjunctive of dudar"
],
"id": "en-dude-ast-verb-m7EuT3rf",
"links": [
[
"dudar",
"dudar#Asturian"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Asturian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dudar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present subjunctive of dudar"
],
"id": "en-dude-ast-verb-wdbhSiZA",
"links": [
[
"dudar",
"dudar#Asturian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "dude"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "dude",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 11 2 7 0 1 3 1 9 10 13 0 1 14 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"did"
],
"id": "en-dude-enm-verb-dco8ouzi",
"links": [
[
"did",
"did"
]
]
}
],
"word": "dude"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "dude f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dudă"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of dudă:",
"indefinite plural"
],
"id": "en-dude-ro-noun-ZFBuMtvc",
"links": [
[
"dudă",
"dudă#Romanian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dudă"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of dudă:",
"indefinite genitive/dative singular"
],
"id": "en-dude-ro-noun-HGmLqtu8",
"links": [
[
"dudă",
"dudă#Romanian"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdude]"
}
],
"word": "dude"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "dūde",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker",
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "please help by adding the tonal marks.",
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dúde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dúd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dúdam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dúde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dúdah",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dúdami",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dūde",
"2": "f-p"
},
"expansion": "dūde f pl",
"name": "sl-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dúd",
"n": "pl"
},
"name": "sl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slovene entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slovene pluralia tantum",
"parents": [
"Pluralia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 11 2 7 0 1 3 1 9 10 13 0 1 14 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 12 1 8 0 0 4 0 10 10 10 0 1 11 13 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bagpipes (musical instrument)"
],
"id": "en-dude-sl-noun-~xL~wyJa",
"links": [
[
"bagpipes",
"bagpipes"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dùːdɛ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/dúːdɛ/"
}
],
"word": "dude"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "dude",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"du‧de"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 8 11 2 7 0 1 3 1 9 10 13 0 1 14 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 12 1 8 0 0 4 0 10 10 10 0 1 11 13 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dudar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of dudar:",
"first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"id": "en-dude-es-verb-fW-rAl~5",
"links": [
[
"dudar",
"dudar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dudar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of dudar:",
"third-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-dude-es-verb-7j4XiGC~",
"links": [
[
"dudar",
"dudar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdude/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪u.ð̞e]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ude"
}
],
"word": "dude"
}
{
"categories": [
"Asturian entries with incorrect language header",
"Asturian non-lemma forms",
"Asturian verb forms",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "dude",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dudar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular present subjunctive of dudar"
],
"links": [
[
"dudar",
"dudar#Asturian"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dudar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present subjunctive of dudar"
],
"links": [
[
"dudar",
"dudar#Asturian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "dude"
}
{
"categories": [
"English clippings",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English interjections",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms of address",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Requests for review of Tongan translations",
"Rhymes:English/uːd",
"Rhymes:English/uːd/1 syllable",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Fijian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Louisiana Creole translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Pashto translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Samoan translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Tongan translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cisdude"
},
{
"word": "dude-bro"
},
{
"word": "dudedom"
},
{
"word": "dude food"
},
{
"word": "Dudeism"
},
{
"word": "Dudeist"
},
{
"word": "dudeless"
},
{
"word": "dudelet"
},
{
"word": "dudely"
},
{
"word": "dudeness"
},
{
"word": "dude ranch"
},
{
"word": "dudeship"
},
{
"word": "dude up"
},
{
"word": "dudevorce"
},
{
"word": "dudey"
},
{
"word": "dudical"
},
{
"word": "dudish"
},
{
"word": "everydude"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "dudine"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "dudess"
},
{
"word": "dudette"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "doodle",
"3": "",
"4": "fool, simpleton, mindless person",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "clipping of doodle (“fool, simpleton, mindless person”)",
"name": "clipping"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Dudeldop"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Dudeldop",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Duddigegen",
"3": "",
"4": "idiot"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Duddigegen (“idiot”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "dúid"
},
"expansion": "Irish dúid",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, though likely a clipping of doodle (“fool, simpleton, mindless person”), perhaps with reference to the fashionable “Yankee Doodle dandy” in the 18th-century lyrics of the song “Yankee Doodle”; the word is first attested in 1883 as a New York City slang term of contempt for a “fastidious man, fop”. If so, then related to German Low German Dudeldop, Dudendop (“fool, dunce”), Saterland Frisian Duddigegen (“idiot”).\nIt has also been suggested that the word is derived from dudes (“old rags”; compare duds) and dudesman (“scarecrow”), or possibly related to dawdle; It has also been suggested the word derives from the Irish dúid.\nThe common claim that the term derives from (or is) a word for a camel's foreskin (or some other vulgar thing, like a hair on a cow, horse, donkey, or elephant's bottom) is false.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dudes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dude (plural dudes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"Canadian English",
"English colloquialisms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "So we were at the mall and these two dudes just walk up to us and say \"hi\".",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1883 March 7, “Animal Intelligence: Facts Tending to Throw Light on the Question: ‘Do Dudes Reason?’”, in Puck, volume XIII, number 313, New York, N.Y.: Keppler & Schwarzmann, →OCLC, page 299:",
"text": "A very pretty little dudine of Fifth Avenue is much admired by the dudes in her neighborhood, and it has been observed on several occasions that she appeared to be able to discriminate between them, and not only shows a preference for one dude over another; but is able to recognize the dudes she likes after an interval of separation. It is said, also, that in accepting the attentions of her dude wooers, she shows a peculiar mimicry of the coquettish manners of human girls.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1896, J. Harington Keene, “Directions for Reading Character from Handwriting”, in The Mystery of Handwriting: A Handbook of Graphology, Boston, Mass.: Lee and Shepard Publishers, 10 Milk Street, →OCLC, page 19:",
"text": "At first sight it may seem odd that the character-reader should in any case declare himself incapable of distinguishing sex in writing. […] The most prevalent reason for this probably lies in the so-called \"emancipation of women,\" who, on aping the masculine pursuits and propensities, really acquire the virile tone of character. In a similar way the \"dude\" of the day becomes androgynous; and the result in one case is a masculine soul in a woman's shape, and in the other a feminine soul in the degraded form of the so-called \"dude\".",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Tim J. Myers, “Choc Rocks”, in Rude Dude's Book of Food: Stories behind Some of the Crazy-Cool Stuff We Eat, [Sanger, Calif.]: Familius, →ISBN:",
"text": "At first Europeans didn't realize what chocolate could be—poor guys! [Christopher] Columbus saw cacao beans in 1503, but he didn't have a clue. (No surprise—dude thought he was in India!)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Oliver Benjamin, “Additional Notes from the Author”, in The Dude De Ching, new annotated edition, [s.l.]: Abide University Press; Dudeism, LLC:",
"text": "Though the term \"dude\" originated as a term to describe a certain type of male, and then later to refer to men in general, today it is often used to refer to both genders, at least in certain parts of the United States. Dudeism doesn't recognize \"dude\" as a gender-specific word. We consider both women and men who exhibit dude-like qualities to be \"dudes,\" and assert that the word \"dude\" can mean many different things depending on the context.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A man, generally a younger man."
],
"links": [
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"younger",
"younger"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly US, Canada, colloquial) A man, generally a younger man."
],
"tags": [
"Canada",
"US",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English colloquialisms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Dude, I'd be careful around the principal; he's having a bad day.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Watch it, dude; you almost knocked me over.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2011, C. J. Pascoe, “Becoming Mr. Cougar: Institutionalizing Heterosexuality and Masculinity at River High”, in Dude, You're a Fag: Masculinity and Sexuality in High School, Berkeley, Los Angeles, Calif.: University of California Press, →ISBN, page 37:",
"text": "The session concluded as Josh, disgusted and surprised, yelled, \"Dude, you hit like a girl!\" The boys in auto shop drew on images of both femininity—\"you hit like a girl\"—and bisexuality—\"I'll show you a switch hitter.\" (A bisexual man was often referred to as a \"switch hitter\" or as someone who \"played for both teams.\")",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A term of address for someone, typically a man, particularly when cautioning them or offering advice."
],
"links": [
[
"address",
"address#Noun"
],
[
"man",
"man#English"
],
[
"cautioning",
"caution#Verb"
],
[
"advice",
"advice#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, used in the vocative) A term of address for someone, typically a man, particularly when cautioning them or offering advice."
],
"raw_tags": [
"used in the vocative"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "[1896, George H. Hamilton, Sunlight; or, The Diamond King. A Western Drama, in Four Acts (Ames' Series of Standard and Minor Drama; no. 372), Clyde, Oh.: Ames' Publishing Co., →OCLC, page 14:",
"text": "Dollie. […] [W]hen I went I had a proposal of marriage. / Silas. Who from, Dollie? / Dollie. Why, from a man— / Silas. Oh! I thought it was from a dude. / Dollie. Not this time.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An inexperienced cowboy."
],
"links": [
[
"inexperienced",
"inexperienced"
],
[
"cowboy",
"cowboy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2006 July–August, J. P. S. Brown, “Hard to Replace: Bill Scott Knows the Value of a Good Horse, a Good Customer, and a Way of Life”, in American Cowboy, Sheridan, Wy.: American Cowboy, →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 74 and 76:",
"text": "Dudes are at least as entertaining as cows, even when they don't mean to be. A cow can’t voice that honestly curious question that turns a poor cowboy into a laughing fool the way a dude can. Probably nothing in the world can move a cowboy more than a newborn calf's clean, good looks and actions, unless it’s the look of awe on a little dude’s face the first time it sees a cowboy on a horse.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Richard W. Bevis, “Mi Tsi A-da-zi”, in Dudes and Savages: The Resonance of Yellowstone, [Bloomington, Ind.]: Trafford Publishing, →ISBN, page 32:",
"text": "The \"dudes\" are the automobile and bus tourists, mere passers-through: thousands a summer day, millions a season. […] \"Dude\" expresses perfectly the image that seasonals from the stagecoach driver to the gas-pump jockey have had of tourists: soft, wealthy, uninitiated, ignorant, lowland and (preferably) eastern. […] For the average dude – if such a construct may be admitted – the park is an unusual commodity, financed by his taxes, from which he is therefore entitled to extract as much use and pleasure as he can from the rangers and seasonals who stand in his way.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Jeremy Agnew, “The Image Persists”, in The Creation of the Cowboy Hero: Fiction, Film and Fact, Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Company, →ISBN, page 212:",
"text": "\"Dude\" was originally a name for ranch vacationers with no disrespect attached, but it later became derisively associated with clueless easterners who knew nothing of Western ways, as portrayed by Bob Hope in Son of Paleface (1952). Junior's fiancé^([sic – meaning fiancée]) (Jane Russell) tells him to \"go out West.\" When Junior (Bob Hope) wants to show that he has become a Westerner, he wears a tall outsized white hat like Tom Mix and white wooly chaps, the traditional movie outfit representing an eastern dude. A female dude was known as a \"dudess\" or \"dudine.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A tourist."
],
"links": [
[
"tourist",
"tourist"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) A tourist."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[the colour of a yellow dog lighted by the moon]",
"ref": "1883 March 7, “Signs of Spring”, in Puck, volume XIII, number 313, New York, N.Y.: Keppler & Schwarzmann, →OCLC, page 21:",
"text": "When the dude dons gloves couleur de chien jaune éclairé de la lune—",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1889, Melville D[e Lancey] Landon, “Eli Perkins’ Dudes”, in Wit and Humor of the Age, Comprising Wit, Humor, Pathos, Ridicule, Satires, Dialects, Puns, Conundrums, Riddles, Charades, Jokes and Magic: By Mark Twain, Josh Billings, Robt. J[ones] Burdette, Alex. Sweet, Eli Perkins: With the Philosophy of Wit and Humor, Chicago, Ill.: G. Cline Pub. House, →OCLC, page 246:",
"text": "There are three kinds of dudes in New York. There is the inanimate rich dude who don't want to do a thing on earth but exhibit himself. Then there is the poor dude, who dresses like the rich dude, and who wants to marry a rich girl […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A man who is very concerned about his dress and appearance; a dandy, a fop."
],
"links": [
[
"concerned",
"concern#Verb"
],
[
"dress",
"dress"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
],
[
"dandy",
"dandy"
],
[
"fop",
"fop"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A man who is very concerned about his dress and appearance; a dandy, a fop."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "do͞od",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/duːd/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/duːd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[dʉːwd]",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"term-of-address"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dude.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/En-us-dude.ogg/En-us-dude.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/En-us-dude.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-dude.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/En-au-dude.ogg/En-au-dude.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/En-au-dude.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːd"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"nonstandard"
],
"word": "dood"
},
{
"tags": [
"nonstandard"
],
"word": "dewd"
},
{
"tags": [
"Internet"
],
"word": "d00d"
},
{
"english": "New Zealand slang (mainly in Southland)",
"sense": "man",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"British"
],
"word": "bloke"
},
{
"sense": "man",
"tags": [
"British"
],
"word": "chap"
},
{
"sense": "man",
"tags": [
"British",
"dated"
],
"word": "cove"
},
{
"sense": "man",
"word": "guy"
},
{
"sense": "term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"British",
"New-Zealand"
],
"word": "mate"
},
{
"sense": "man concerned about his appearance",
"word": "dandy"
},
{
"sense": "man concerned about his appearance",
"word": "fop"
},
{
"sense": "man concerned about his appearance",
"word": "masher"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plako"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pič",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пич"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "paio"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tio"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiāhuo",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "家伙"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xiǎohuǒzi",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "小伙子"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fyr"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "starut"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fætter"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kerel"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "knul"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "ulo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "jätkä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "hemmo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "tyyppi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "heppu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "heebo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "jäbä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "jäpikäs"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "kaveri"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "äijä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gars"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mec"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "type"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kerl"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"Switzerland",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Junge"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "týpos",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "τύπος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "ḥabúb",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "חַבּוּבּ"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "géver",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "גֶּבֶר"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bandā",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "बंदा"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gaur"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "bung"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tipo"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yatsu",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "やつ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nom",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "놈"
},
{
"code": "lou",
"lang": "Louisiana Creole French",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "boug"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "مړه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "آقاپسر"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "koleś"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gość"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gościu"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gostek"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "typek"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ziomek"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ziomal"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"english": "joking",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zią"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gościara"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kolesiówna"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "typiara"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "facet"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "facio"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ziomuś"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"sometimes"
],
"word": "chłop"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"masculine"
],
"word": "cara"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "tipo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tip"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mužík",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "мужи́к"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čuvák",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чува́к"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kent",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кент"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "of a young boy",
"roman": "pacán",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "паца́н"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tipo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"Costa-Rica",
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "mae"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"Spain",
"masculine"
],
"word": "tío"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "bato"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "compay"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"El-Salvador",
"masculine"
],
"word": "mishule"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "snubbe"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kille"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "jeppe"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "tol"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bachan"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "boi"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "colloquial: man",
"word": "dŵd"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ape",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "ապե"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "aper",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "ապեր"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "axper",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "ախպեր"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pič",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "пич"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huǒji",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "伙計"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǎoxiōng",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "老兄"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kerel"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "maat"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vent"
},
{
"code": "fj",
"lang": "Fijian",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "boso"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "äijä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "kaveri"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "jätkä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "jäbä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mec"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"rare"
],
"word": "mon pote"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"rare"
],
"word": "man"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"rare"
],
"word": "gars"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "meu"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amigo"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Alter"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bhāī",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "भाई"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "yār",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "यार"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gaur"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "bung"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "socio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amico"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zio"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "osu",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "おす"
},
{
"code": "lou",
"lang": "Louisiana Creole French",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "boug"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "brat",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "брат"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "drúže",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дру́же"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "brátko",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бра́тко"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "brátče",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "бра́тче"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "آقا"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "برادر"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "koleś"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "koleżka"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ziomek"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "typek"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stary"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chłop"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"masculine"
],
"word": "cara"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "tipo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
],
"word": "pá"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kóreš",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ко́реш"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "drugán",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "друга́н"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bratán",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "брата́н"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "rude",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čuvák",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чува́к"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "rude",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mužík",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "мужи́к"
},
{
"code": "sm",
"lang": "Samoan",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "sole"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "compadre"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Spain",
"masculine"
],
"word": "colega"
},
{
"code": "es",
"english": "River Plate",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "flaco"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Mexico",
"masculine"
],
"word": "güey"
},
{
"code": "es",
"english": "Andes",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Caribbean",
"Central-America",
"Mexico",
"masculine"
],
"word": "mano"
},
{
"code": "es",
"english": "Andes",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "parce"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Spain"
],
"word": "tío"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Costa-Rica",
"masculine"
],
"word": "mae"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Central-America",
"masculine"
],
"word": "maje"
},
{
"code": "es",
"english": "slightly vulgar",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Colombia",
"masculine"
],
"word": "marica"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Peru",
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "causa"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Cuba",
"masculine"
],
"word": "asere"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Cuba",
"masculine"
],
"word": "acere"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"Nicaragua",
"masculine"
],
"word": "cousín"
},
{
"code": "es",
"english": "Andes",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "parcero"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"english": "immigrant slang",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "jao"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"english": "same",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "jaow"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "rā",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "రా"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"word": "kakaş"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "achan"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "boi"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mêt"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "colloquial: term of address for a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dŵd"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"American Speech",
"James Caldwall",
"The Chronicle of Higher Education",
"Wellcome Library",
"dude"
],
"word": "dude"
}
{
"categories": [
"English clippings",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English interjections",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms of address",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Requests for review of Tongan translations",
"Rhymes:English/uːd",
"Rhymes:English/uːd/1 syllable",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Fijian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Louisiana Creole translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Pashto translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Samoan translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Tongan translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "doodle",
"3": "",
"4": "fool, simpleton, mindless person",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "clipping of doodle (“fool, simpleton, mindless person”)",
"name": "clipping"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Dudeldop"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Dudeldop",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Duddigegen",
"3": "",
"4": "idiot"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Duddigegen (“idiot”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "dúid"
},
"expansion": "Irish dúid",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, though likely a clipping of doodle (“fool, simpleton, mindless person”), perhaps with reference to the fashionable “Yankee Doodle dandy” in the 18th-century lyrics of the song “Yankee Doodle”; the word is first attested in 1883 as a New York City slang term of contempt for a “fastidious man, fop”. If so, then related to German Low German Dudeldop, Dudendop (“fool, dunce”), Saterland Frisian Duddigegen (“idiot”).\nIt has also been suggested that the word is derived from dudes (“old rags”; compare duds) and dudesman (“scarecrow”), or possibly related to dawdle; It has also been suggested the word derives from the Irish dúid.\nThe common claim that the term derives from (or is) a word for a camel's foreskin (or some other vulgar thing, like a hair on a cow, horse, donkey, or elephant's bottom) is false.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dude",
"name": "en-interj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Dude! You finally called!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Karen Marie Moning, Shadowfever: A Novel (The Fever Series; 5), New York, N.Y.: Delacorte Press, →ISBN:",
"text": "And, feckin' A, you ain't never gonna guess this one—dude! […] Thinking this is a little worse than me watching porn. Dude.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A term of address, usually for a man, conveying awe, excitement, surprise, annoyance, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"awe",
"awe#English"
],
[
"excitement",
"excitement#English"
],
[
"surprise",
"surprise#English"
],
[
"annoyance",
"annoyance#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) A term of address, usually for a man, conveying awe, excitement, surprise, annoyance, etc."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "do͞od",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/duːd/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/duːd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[dʉːwd]",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"term-of-address"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dude.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/En-us-dude.ogg/En-us-dude.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/En-us-dude.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-dude.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/En-au-dude.ogg/En-au-dude.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/En-au-dude.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːd"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Australia",
"British",
"New-Zealand"
],
"word": "mate"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"American Speech",
"James Caldwall",
"The Chronicle of Higher Education",
"Wellcome Library",
"dude"
],
"word": "dude"
}
{
"categories": [
"English clippings",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English interjections",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms of address",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Requests for review of Tongan translations",
"Rhymes:English/uːd",
"Rhymes:English/uːd/1 syllable",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Fijian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Louisiana Creole translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Pashto translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Samoan translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Tongan translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "doodle",
"3": "",
"4": "fool, simpleton, mindless person",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "clipping of doodle (“fool, simpleton, mindless person”)",
"name": "clipping"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Dudeldop"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Dudeldop",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Duddigegen",
"3": "",
"4": "idiot"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Duddigegen (“idiot”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "dúid"
},
"expansion": "Irish dúid",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, though likely a clipping of doodle (“fool, simpleton, mindless person”), perhaps with reference to the fashionable “Yankee Doodle dandy” in the 18th-century lyrics of the song “Yankee Doodle”; the word is first attested in 1883 as a New York City slang term of contempt for a “fastidious man, fop”. If so, then related to German Low German Dudeldop, Dudendop (“fool, dunce”), Saterland Frisian Duddigegen (“idiot”).\nIt has also been suggested that the word is derived from dudes (“old rags”; compare duds) and dudesman (“scarecrow”), or possibly related to dawdle; It has also been suggested the word derives from the Irish dúid.\nThe common claim that the term derives from (or is) a word for a camel's foreskin (or some other vulgar thing, like a hair on a cow, horse, donkey, or elephant's bottom) is false.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dudes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dudeing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "duding",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "duded",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "duded",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dudes",
"2": "dudeing",
"3": "duded",
"pres_ptc2": "duding"
},
"expansion": "dude (third-person singular simple present dudes, present participle dudeing or duding, simple past and past participle duded)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2011, Karen Marie Moning, Shadowfever (The Fever Series; 5), New York, N.Y.: Delacorte Press, →ISBN:",
"text": "\"Where you been, Mac? I missed you! Dude—I mean, man,\" she corrects hastily, with a gamine grin, before I can make good on a threat I made in what feels like another lifetime that I would call her by her full name if she ever \"duded\" me again. […] Oh, yes, she's upset. She just unapologetically \"duded\" me.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Maurene Goo, Since You Asked …, New York, N.Y.: Scholastic Press, →ISBN:",
"text": "The other two guys with him burst into laughter, dude'''ing and high-fiving like mad.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Chris Weitz, “Donna”, in The New Order, New York, N.Y., Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown and Company, →ISBN:",
"text": "After the high fives comes a lot of dude-ing and hugging and I'm-so-happy-to-see-you-ing, and then the sugarcoating of seeing one another again sort of dissolves and we find ourselves in this dinky screening room thing under the eyes of our captors.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To address someone as dude."
],
"links": [
[
"address",
"address#Verb"
],
[
"dude",
"#Noun"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1949, Fortnight: The Newsmagazine of California, [Los Angeles, Calif.]: O.D. Keep Associates, →OCLC, page 22, column 3:",
"text": "The Old Hearst Ranch […] is one of the West's largest and most elaborate dude ranches and includes over 500 acres of woodland trails. There's \"dudeing\" with all the trimmings, excellent food and rooms at the lodge or individual cabanas.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2001, Janice Sanford Beck, “Tepee Life in the Northern Hills (1924)”, in No Ordinary Woman: The Story of Mary Schäffer Warren, Surrey, B.C.: Rocky Mountain Books, →ISBN, page 182:",
"text": "I am certainly interested in this \"dude community\" business just because I have tried it in the slightest kind of way. In camping it's \"the fewer the better,\" but in \"dudeing\" it may be \"the more the merrier.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To take a vacation in a dude ranch."
],
"links": [
[
"vacation",
"vacation"
],
[
"dude ranch",
"dude ranch"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1980, John G. Mitchell, The Hunt, New York, N.Y.: Knopf, →ISBN, page 229:",
"text": "It seemed that the fellas couldn't get enough girlin' and racing fast cars and grooving to rock and dudeing around in city-slick suits from St. Louis.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1994, Sydell I. Voeller, chapter 8, in Her Sister's Keeper, New York, N.Y.: Avalon Press, ISBN 978-0-8034-9063-5; republished Amherst Junction, Wis.: Hard Shell Word Factory, February 2002, ISBN 978-0-7599-0223-7, page 81",
"text": "\"Speaking of being duded out …\" He shrugged, then handed her the bag. \"Here. This is for you.\" / She reached inside and gasped as she pulled out a white suede western style hat. A glittering gold braid encircled the brim. / \"Oh, Zack! It's beautiful. Thank you.\""
},
{
"ref": "1998, Victoria Pade, Cowboy's Love (Silhouette Special Edition; 1159), New York, N.Y.: Silhouette Books, →ISBN:",
"text": "\"Ol' Clint's all duded up, too,\" Cully announced as Savannah opened the door to the only Culhane she had eyes for. \"All duded up\" meant Clint had on a pair of gray slacks that no Savile Row tailor could have made fit any better; a crisp, blindingly white Western dress shirt with pearl snaps down the front; and a black string tie held together with a small silver CC […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1990, Bob Gale & Robert Zemeckis, Back to the Future Part III, screenplay:"
},
{
"text": "Buford Tannen: Especially not some duded-up egg-sucking piece of gutter trash!"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Usually followed by up: to dress up, to wear smart or special clothes."
],
"links": [
[
"up",
"up#English"
],
[
"dress up",
"dress up"
],
[
"wear",
"wear"
],
[
"smart",
"smart"
],
[
"special",
"special"
],
[
"clothes",
"clothes"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US) Usually followed by up: to dress up, to wear smart or special clothes."
],
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "do͞od",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/duːd/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/duːd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[dʉːwd]",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"term-of-address"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dude.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/En-us-dude.ogg/En-us-dude.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/En-us-dude.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-dude.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/En-au-dude.ogg/En-au-dude.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/En-au-dude.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːd"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"American Speech",
"James Caldwall",
"The Chronicle of Higher Education",
"Wellcome Library",
"dude"
],
"word": "dude"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "dude",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"did"
],
"links": [
[
"did",
"did"
]
]
}
],
"word": "dude"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian non-lemma forms",
"Romanian noun forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "dude f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dudă"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of dudă:",
"indefinite plural"
],
"links": [
[
"dudă",
"dudă#Romanian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dudă"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of dudă:",
"indefinite genitive/dative singular"
],
"links": [
[
"dudă",
"dudă#Romanian"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdude]"
}
],
"word": "dude"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "dūde",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker",
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "please help by adding the tonal marks.",
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dúde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dúd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dúdam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dúde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dúdah",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dúdami",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dūde",
"2": "f-p"
},
"expansion": "dūde f pl",
"name": "sl-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dúd",
"n": "pl"
},
"name": "sl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Slovene 2-syllable words",
"Slovene entries with incorrect language header",
"Slovene feminine a-stem nouns",
"Slovene feminine nouns",
"Slovene lemmas",
"Slovene nouns",
"Slovene pluralia tantum",
"Slovene terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"bagpipes (musical instrument)"
],
"links": [
[
"bagpipes",
"bagpipes"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dùːdɛ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/dúːdɛ/"
}
],
"word": "dude"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Spanish/ude",
"Rhymes:Spanish/ude/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish non-lemma forms",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Spanish verb forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "dude",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"du‧de"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dudar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of dudar:",
"first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"dudar",
"dudar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dudar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of dudar:",
"third-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"dudar",
"dudar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdude/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪u.ð̞e]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ude"
}
],
"word": "dude"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dude meaning in All languages combined (49.5kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker",
"path": [
"dude"
],
"section": "Slovene",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dude",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for please help by adding the tonal marks.",
"path": [
"dude"
],
"section": "Slovene",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dude",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.