See dread in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for dread meaning in English (30.7kB)
{ "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "a burnt child dreads the fire" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "the burnt child dreads the fire" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "dreadable" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "dreadworthy" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "dreadly" } ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "dreden" }, "expansion": "Middle English dreden", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "drǣdan", "t": "to fear, dread" }, "expansion": "Old English drǣdan (“to fear, dread”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "ondrǣdan", "t": "to fear, dread" }, "expansion": "ondrǣdan (“to fear, dread”)", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*andarādan" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *andarādan", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "and-", "3": "rǣdan", "nocat": "1" }, "expansion": "and- + rǣdan", "name": "af" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "read" }, "expansion": "read", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "adread" }, "expansion": "adread", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "antdrādan" }, "expansion": "Old Saxon antdrādan", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "andrādan", "t": "to fear, dread" }, "expansion": "andrādan (“to fear, dread”)", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "intrātan", "t": "to fear" }, "expansion": "Old High German intrātan (“to fear”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "gmh", "2": "entrāten", "t": "to fear, dread, frighten" }, "expansion": "Middle High German entrāten (“to fear, dread, frighten”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English dreden, from Old English drǣdan (“to fear, dread”), aphetic form of ondrǣdan (“to fear, dread”), from Proto-West Germanic *andarādan, equivalent to Old English and- + rǣdan (whence read); corresponding to an aphesis of earlier adread.\nAkin to Old Saxon antdrādan, andrādan (“to fear, dread”), Old High German intrātan (“to fear”), Middle High German entrāten (“to fear, dread, frighten”).", "forms": [ { "form": "dreads", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dreading", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "dreaded", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "dreaded", "tags": [ "past" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "dread (third-person singular simple present dreads, present participle dreading, simple past and past participle dreaded)", "name": "en-verb" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [], "glosses": [ "To fear greatly." ], "id": "en-dread-en-verb-u98jjrfJ", "raw_glosses": [ "(transitive) To fear greatly." ], "tags": [ "transitive" ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "druaj" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "strahúvam se", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "страху́вам се" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "témer" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "hrozit se" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "tags": [ "perfective" ], "word": "zhrozit se" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "děsit se" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "mít hrůzu" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "vrezen" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "schrik hebben" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "bang zijn" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "pelätä" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "hirvittää" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "redouter" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "craindre" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "temer" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "schaudern" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "grauen" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "fovámai", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "φοβάμαι" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "retteg" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "adhfhuathaigh" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "temere" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "formīdō" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "vereor" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "timeo" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "whakarika" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "enm", "lang": "Middle English", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "adreden" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "enm", "lang": "Middle English", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "dreden" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "temer" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "teme" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "bojátʹsja", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "боя́ться" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "sa", "lang": "Sanskrit", "roman": "bibheti", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "बिभेति" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "strahovati" }, { "_dis1": "85 9 7 0", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "temer" } ] }, { "categories": [], "examples": [ { "text": "I'm dreading getting the results of the test, as it could decide my whole life.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "To anticipate with fear." ], "id": "en-dread-en-verb-ITCCKdci", "links": [ [ "anticipate", "anticipate" ], [ "fear", "fear" ] ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "druaj" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "opasjávam se", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "опася́вам се" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "hrozit se" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "obávat se" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "vrezen" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "odottaa pelolla" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "pelätä" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "hirvittää" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "redouter" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "craindre" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "gruseln" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "grausen" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "tags": [ "idiomatic" ], "word": "eine Gänsehaut bekommen / kriegen" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "tags": [ "idiomatic" ], "word": "Blut und Wasser schwitzen" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "bibbern" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "de", "english": "fig.", "lang": "German", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "zittern" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "tags": [ "slang" ], "word": "Bammel haben" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "de", "english": "profane", "lang": "German", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "Schiss haben" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "fovámai", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "φοβάμαι" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "vereor" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "enm", "lang": "Middle English", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "dreden" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "temer" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "opasátʹsja", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "опаса́ться" }, { "_dis1": "7 86 6 1", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "temer" } ] }, { "categories": [], "glosses": [ "To be in dread, or great fear." ], "id": "en-dread-en-verb-W0t8Rhar", "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To be in dread, or great fear." ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "17 19 63 2", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to be in great fear (intransitive)", "word": "fürchten" }, { "_dis1": "17 19 63 2", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to be in great fear (intransitive)", "word": "Angst haben" }, { "_dis1": "17 19 63 2", "code": "de", "english": "reflexive / exalted", "lang": "German", "sense": "to be in great fear (intransitive)", "word": "ängstigen" }, { "_dis1": "17 19 63 2", "code": "enm", "lang": "Middle English", "sense": "to be in great fear (intransitive)", "word": "adreden" }, { "_dis1": "17 19 63 2", "code": "enm", "lang": "Middle English", "sense": "to be in great fear (intransitive)", "word": "dreden" } ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "10 8 5 2 7 3 13 10 4 4 1 2 0 30", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Hair", "orig": "en:Hair", "parents": [ "Body parts", "Body", "Anatomy", "Human", "Biology", "Medicine", "All topics", "Sciences", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "To style (the hair) into dreadlocks." ], "id": "en-dread-en-verb-t~m9QOis", "links": [ [ "style", "style" ], [ "dreadlocks", "dreadlocks" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(transitive) To style (the hair) into dreadlocks." ], "tags": [ "transitive" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/dɹɛd/" }, { "rhymes": "-ɛd" }, { "audio": "en-us-dread.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/En-us-dread.ogg/En-us-dread.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/En-us-dread.ogg", "tags": [ "US" ], "text": "Audio (US)" }, { "enpr": "drĕd" } ], "word": "dread" } { "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "dreaden" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "dread fascination" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "dreadful" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "dreadless" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "dreadsome" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "rent-a-dread" } ], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "drede" }, "expansion": "Middle English drede", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "dred" }, "expansion": "dred", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "ofs", "2": "drēd" }, "expansion": "Old Frisian drēd", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ofs", "2": "drēde", "t": "fear, dread" }, "expansion": "drēde (“fear, dread”)", "name": "m" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English drede, dred, from the verb (see above). Cognate with Old Frisian drēd, drēde (“fear, dread”).", "forms": [ { "form": "dreads", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "~" }, "expansion": "dread (countable and uncountable, plural dreads)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "20 11 11 7 3 0 18 5 1 1 6 8 5 2", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Fear", "orig": "en:Fear", "parents": [ "Emotions", "Mind", "Human", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "text": "My visit to the doctor is filling me with dread.", "type": "example" }, { "ref": "12 April 2014, Michael Inwood, “Martin Heidegger: the philosopher who fell for Hitler [print version: Hitler's philosopher]”, in The Daily Telegraph (Review), London, page R11", "text": "In 1928 [Martin] Heidegger succeeded [Edmund] Husserl to take a chair at Freiburg and in his inaugural lecture made a pronouncement that earned him a reputation as an archetypal metaphysician with his claim that our awareness of people as a whole depends on our experience of dread in the face of nothingness.", "type": "quotation" } ], "glosses": [ "Great fear in view of impending evil; fearful apprehension of danger; anticipatory terror." ], "id": "en-dread-en-noun-YJZ~4i6~", "links": [ [ "fear", "fear" ], [ "impending", "impending" ], [ "evil", "evil" ], [ "fearful", "fearful" ], [ "apprehension", "apprehension" ], [ "danger", "danger" ], [ "anticipatory", "anticipatory" ], [ "terror", "terror" ] ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "sarsapʿ", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "սարսափ" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "ah", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "ահ" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "soskum", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "սոսկում" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "strah", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "страх" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "bojázǎn", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "боя́зън" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "kǒngbù", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "恐怖" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "hrůza" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "vrees" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "doodsangst" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "kauhu" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "pelko" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "crainte" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "pavor" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "terror" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "horror" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "Grausen" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "Schaudern" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Angst" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "trómos", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "τρόμος" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "vahśat", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "वहशत" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "saham", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "सहम" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "rettegés" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "timore" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "alt": "きょうふ", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "kyōfu", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "恐怖" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "formīdō" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "timor" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "metus" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "enm", "lang": "Middle English", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "dred" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "enm", "lang": "Middle English", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "drednesse" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "vahšat", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "وحشت" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "temor" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "terror" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "frică" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "teamă" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "temere" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "strax", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "страх" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "bojáznʹ", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "боя́знь" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "oillt" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "uamhann" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "uabhas" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "eagal" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "sgrath" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "pavor" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "temor" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "miedo" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "terror" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "horror" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 1 1 0 0 1 1", "code": "tl", "lang": "Tagalog", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "alap-ap" } ] }, { "glosses": [ "Reverential or respectful fear; awe." ], "id": "en-dread-en-noun-~88LJmiA", "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "8 75 3 2 1 2 4 5", "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "respectful fear, awe", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "bázeň" }, { "_dis1": "8 75 3 2 1 2 4 5", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "respectful fear, awe", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Ehrfurcht" }, { "_dis1": "8 75 3 2 1 2 4 5", "code": "enm", "lang": "Middle English", "sense": "respectful fear, awe", "word": "dred" }, { "_dis1": "8 75 3 2 1 2 4 5", "code": "enm", "lang": "Middle English", "sense": "respectful fear, awe", "word": "drednesse" } ] }, { "glosses": [ "Somebody or something dreaded." ], "id": "en-dread-en-noun-E8nq40-P", "links": [ [ "dreaded", "dreaded" ] ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "1 1 90 1 1 2 2 1", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "kǒngbù", "sense": "somebody or something dreaded", "word": "恐怖" }, { "_dis1": "1 1 90 1 1 2 2 1", "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "somebody or something dreaded", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "vystrašený" }, { "_dis1": "1 1 90 1 1 2 2 1", "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "somebody or something dreaded", "tags": [ "feminine", "masculine", "person" ], "word": "gevreesde" }, { "_dis1": "1 1 90 1 1 2 2 1", "code": "nl", "english": "thing", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "somebody or something dreaded", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "gevreesde" }, { "_dis1": "1 1 90 1 1 2 2 1", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "somebody or something dreaded", "word": "kauhistus" }, { "_dis1": "1 1 90 1 1 2 2 1", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "somebody or something dreaded", "tags": [ "feminine", "masculine" ], "word": "Gefürchtete" }, { "_dis1": "1 1 90 1 1 2 2 1", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "somebody or something dreaded", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "Befürchtete" }, { "_dis1": "1 1 90 1 1 2 2 1", "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "trómos", "sense": "somebody or something dreaded", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "τρόμος" }, { "_dis1": "1 1 90 1 1 2 2 1", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "somebody or something dreaded", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "terrível" }, { "_dis1": "1 1 90 1 1 2 2 1", "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "somebody or something dreaded", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "sperietoare" } ] }, { "categories": [], "glosses": [ "A person highly revered." ], "id": "en-dread-en-noun-S56LvOUR", "links": [ [ "revere", "revere" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(obsolete) A person highly revered." ], "tags": [ "countable", "obsolete", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "20 11 11 7 3 0 18 5 1 1 6 8 5 2", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Fear", "orig": "en:Fear", "parents": [ "Emotions", "Mind", "Human", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "Fury; dreadfulness." ], "id": "en-dread-en-noun-KrPYLyz3", "links": [ [ "Fury", "fury#English" ], [ "dreadfulness", "dreadfulness" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(obsolete) Fury; dreadfulness." ], "tags": [ "countable", "obsolete", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "15 9 5 0 13 0 19 28 2 2 0 0 0 6", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "People", "orig": "en:People", "parents": [ "Human", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "A Rastafarian." ], "id": "en-dread-en-noun-yqlDNLur", "links": [ [ "Rastafarian", "Rastafarian" ] ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "alt_of": [ { "word": "dreadlock" } ], "categories": [], "examples": [ { "ref": "2006, “Tell Me When To Go”, in Earl Stevens, Joseph Simmons, Darryl McDaniels (lyrics), Lil Jon (music), My Ghetto Report Card", "text": "Jesus Christ had dreads / So shake 'em / I ain't got none / But I'm planning on growing some.", "type": "quotation" } ], "glosses": [ "Clipping of dreadlock." ], "id": "en-dread-en-noun-S4Hvj9Xs", "links": [ [ "dreadlock", "dreadlock#English" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(slang, chiefly in the plural) Clipping of dreadlock." ], "tags": [ "abbreviation", "alt-of", "clipping", "countable", "in-plural", "slang", "uncountable" ] }, { "alt_of": [ { "word": "dreadnought" } ], "categories": [ { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Military", "orig": "en:Military", "parents": [ "Society", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Nautical", "orig": "en:Nautical", "parents": [ "Transport", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" } ], "examples": [ { "text": "The Royal Navy sent six dreads and four BCs to intercept the German raiding force.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "Clipping of dreadnought." ], "id": "en-dread-en-noun-5Qp72box", "links": [ [ "military", "military" ], [ "nautical", "nautical" ], [ "dreadnought", "dreadnought#English" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(military, nautical, historical, slang) Clipping of dreadnought." ], "tags": [ "abbreviation", "alt-of", "clipping", "countable", "historical", "slang", "uncountable" ], "topics": [ "government", "military", "nautical", "politics", "transport", "war" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/dɹɛd/" }, { "rhymes": "-ɛd" }, { "audio": "en-us-dread.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/En-us-dread.ogg/En-us-dread.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/En-us-dread.ogg", "tags": [ "US" ], "text": "Audio (US)" }, { "enpr": "drĕd" } ], "word": "dread" } { "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "dreadly" } ], "etymology_number": 3, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "drede" }, "expansion": "Middle English drede", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "dredde" }, "expansion": "dredde", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "dradde" }, "expansion": "dradde", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "ydreddyd", "t": "feared, dreaded, honoured" }, "expansion": "ydreddyd (“feared, dreaded, honoured”)", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "dreden", "t": "to fear, dread" }, "expansion": "Middle English dreden (“to fear, dread”)", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English drede, dredde, dradde, ydreddyd (“feared, dreaded, honoured”), past participle of Middle English dreden (“to fear, dread”). See above.", "forms": [ { "form": "dreader", "tags": [ "comparative" ] }, { "form": "dreadest", "tags": [ "superlative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "er" }, "expansion": "dread (comparative dreader, superlative dreadest)", "name": "en-adj" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "related": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "dreadlocks" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "dreadnought" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "20 11 11 7 3 0 18 5 1 1 6 8 5 2", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Fear", "orig": "en:Fear", "parents": [ "Emotions", "Mind", "Human", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1879, Arthur Sullivan, The Pirates of Penzance, Gilbert & Sullivan", "text": "With cat-like tread / Upon our prey we steal / In silence dread / Our cautious way we feel", "type": "quotation" }, { "text": "1980, Donald Fagen; Walter Becker (lyrics and music), \"Glamour Profession\" in Gaucho, track 3: \"Jack with his radar / Stalking the dread moray eel\"" } ], "glosses": [ "Terrible; greatly feared; dreaded." ], "id": "en-dread-en-adj-0c5nyHGA", "links": [ [ "Terrible", "terrible#English" ], [ "greatly", "greatly" ], [ "feared", "feared" ], [ "dreaded", "dreaded" ] ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "terrible", "word": "grausig" }, { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "terrible", "word": "schauderhaft" }, { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "terrible", "word": "grauenerregend" }, { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "terrible", "word": "grauenvoll" }, { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "terrible", "word": "gräulich" }, { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "terrible", "word": "fürchterlich" } ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "20 11 11 7 3 0 18 5 1 1 6 8 5 2", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Fear", "orig": "en:Fear", "parents": [ "Emotions", "Mind", "Human", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1633, John Hay, editor, The Acts Made in the First Parliament of our Most High and Dread Soveraigne Charles, by the Grace of God, King of Great Britaine, France, and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &c.: Holden by Himselfe, Present in Person, with His Three Estates, at Edinburgh, upon the Twentie Eight Day of Iune, Anno Domini 1633, Edinburgh: Printed by Robert Young, printer to the Kings most excellent Maiestie, →OCLC", "text": "The acts made in the first Parliament of our most high and dread soveraigne Charles [I], by the grace of God, King of Great Britaine, France, and Ireland, defender of the faith, &c. […] [book title]", "type": "quotation" } ], "glosses": [ "Awe-inspiring; held in fearful awe." ], "id": "en-dread-en-adj-k3Mp7gOo", "links": [ [ "Awe-inspiring", "awe-inspiring#English" ], [ "fearful", "fearful" ], [ "awe", "awe" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(archaic) Awe-inspiring; held in fearful awe." ], "tags": [ "archaic" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/dɹɛd/" }, { "rhymes": "-ɛd" }, { "audio": "en-us-dread.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/En-us-dread.ogg/En-us-dread.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/En-us-dread.ogg", "tags": [ "US" ], "text": "Audio (US)" }, { "enpr": "drĕd" } ], "word": "dread" }
{ "categories": [ "en:Fear", "en:Hair", "en:People" ], "derived": [ { "word": "a burnt child dreads the fire" }, { "word": "the burnt child dreads the fire" }, { "word": "dreadable" }, { "word": "dreadly" }, { "word": "dreadworthy" } ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "dreden" }, "expansion": "Middle English dreden", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "drǣdan", "t": "to fear, dread" }, "expansion": "Old English drǣdan (“to fear, dread”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "ondrǣdan", "t": "to fear, dread" }, "expansion": "ondrǣdan (“to fear, dread”)", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*andarādan" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *andarādan", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "and-", "3": "rǣdan", "nocat": "1" }, "expansion": "and- + rǣdan", "name": "af" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "read" }, "expansion": "read", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "adread" }, "expansion": "adread", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "antdrādan" }, "expansion": "Old Saxon antdrādan", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "andrādan", "t": "to fear, dread" }, "expansion": "andrādan (“to fear, dread”)", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "intrātan", "t": "to fear" }, "expansion": "Old High German intrātan (“to fear”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "gmh", "2": "entrāten", "t": "to fear, dread, frighten" }, "expansion": "Middle High German entrāten (“to fear, dread, frighten”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English dreden, from Old English drǣdan (“to fear, dread”), aphetic form of ondrǣdan (“to fear, dread”), from Proto-West Germanic *andarādan, equivalent to Old English and- + rǣdan (whence read); corresponding to an aphesis of earlier adread.\nAkin to Old Saxon antdrādan, andrādan (“to fear, dread”), Old High German intrātan (“to fear”), Middle High German entrāten (“to fear, dread, frighten”).", "forms": [ { "form": "dreads", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dreading", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "dreaded", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "dreaded", "tags": [ "past" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "dread (third-person singular simple present dreads, present participle dreading, simple past and past participle dreaded)", "name": "en-verb" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English transitive verbs" ], "glosses": [ "To fear greatly." ], "raw_glosses": [ "(transitive) To fear greatly." ], "tags": [ "transitive" ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with usage examples" ], "examples": [ { "text": "I'm dreading getting the results of the test, as it could decide my whole life.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "To anticipate with fear." ], "links": [ [ "anticipate", "anticipate" ], [ "fear", "fear" ] ] }, { "categories": [ "English intransitive verbs" ], "glosses": [ "To be in dread, or great fear." ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To be in dread, or great fear." ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] }, { "categories": [ "English transitive verbs" ], "glosses": [ "To style (the hair) into dreadlocks." ], "links": [ [ "style", "style" ], [ "dreadlocks", "dreadlocks" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(transitive) To style (the hair) into dreadlocks." ], "tags": [ "transitive" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/dɹɛd/" }, { "rhymes": "-ɛd" }, { "audio": "en-us-dread.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/En-us-dread.ogg/En-us-dread.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/En-us-dread.ogg", "tags": [ "US" ], "text": "Audio (US)" }, { "enpr": "drĕd" } ], "translations": [ { "code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "druaj" }, { "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "strahúvam se", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "страху́вам се" }, { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "témer" }, { "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "hrozit se" }, { "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "tags": [ "perfective" ], "word": "zhrozit se" }, { "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "děsit se" }, { "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "mít hrůzu" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "vrezen" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "schrik hebben" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "bang zijn" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "vrezen" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "pelätä" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "hirvittää" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "redouter" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "craindre" }, { "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "temer" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "schaudern" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "grauen" }, { "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "fovámai", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "φοβάμαι" }, { "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "retteg" }, { "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "adhfhuathaigh" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "temere" }, { "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "formīdō" }, { "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "vereor" }, { "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "timeo" }, { "code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "whakarika" }, { "code": "enm", "lang": "Middle English", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "adreden" }, { "code": "enm", "lang": "Middle English", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "dreden" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "temer" }, { "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "teme" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "bojátʹsja", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "боя́ться" }, { "code": "sa", "lang": "Sanskrit", "roman": "bibheti", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "बिभेति" }, { "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "strahovati" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to fear greatly so./sth.", "word": "temer" }, { "code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "druaj" }, { "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "opasjávam se", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "опася́вам се" }, { "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "hrozit se" }, { "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "obávat se" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "vrezen" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "odottaa pelolla" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "pelätä" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "hirvittää" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "redouter" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "craindre" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "gruseln" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "grausen" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "tags": [ "idiomatic" ], "word": "eine Gänsehaut bekommen / kriegen" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "tags": [ "idiomatic" ], "word": "Blut und Wasser schwitzen" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "bibbern" }, { "code": "de", "english": "fig.", "lang": "German", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "zittern" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "tags": [ "slang" ], "word": "Bammel haben" }, { "code": "de", "english": "profane", "lang": "German", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "Schiss haben" }, { "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "fovámai", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "φοβάμαι" }, { "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "vereor" }, { "code": "enm", "lang": "Middle English", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "dreden" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "temer" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "opasátʹsja", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "опаса́ться" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to anticipate with fear (that ...)", "word": "temer" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to be in great fear (intransitive)", "word": "fürchten" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to be in great fear (intransitive)", "word": "Angst haben" }, { "code": "de", "english": "reflexive / exalted", "lang": "German", "sense": "to be in great fear (intransitive)", "word": "ängstigen" }, { "code": "enm", "lang": "Middle English", "sense": "to be in great fear (intransitive)", "word": "adreden" }, { "code": "enm", "lang": "Middle English", "sense": "to be in great fear (intransitive)", "word": "dreden" } ], "word": "dread" } { "categories": [ "en:Fear", "en:Hair", "en:People" ], "derived": [ { "word": "dreaden" }, { "word": "dread fascination" }, { "word": "dreadful" }, { "word": "dreadless" }, { "word": "dreadsome" }, { "word": "rent-a-dread" } ], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "drede" }, "expansion": "Middle English drede", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "dred" }, "expansion": "dred", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "ofs", "2": "drēd" }, "expansion": "Old Frisian drēd", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ofs", "2": "drēde", "t": "fear, dread" }, "expansion": "drēde (“fear, dread”)", "name": "m" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English drede, dred, from the verb (see above). Cognate with Old Frisian drēd, drēde (“fear, dread”).", "forms": [ { "form": "dreads", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "~" }, "expansion": "dread (countable and uncountable, plural dreads)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples" ], "examples": [ { "text": "My visit to the doctor is filling me with dread.", "type": "example" }, { "ref": "12 April 2014, Michael Inwood, “Martin Heidegger: the philosopher who fell for Hitler [print version: Hitler's philosopher]”, in The Daily Telegraph (Review), London, page R11", "text": "In 1928 [Martin] Heidegger succeeded [Edmund] Husserl to take a chair at Freiburg and in his inaugural lecture made a pronouncement that earned him a reputation as an archetypal metaphysician with his claim that our awareness of people as a whole depends on our experience of dread in the face of nothingness.", "type": "quotation" } ], "glosses": [ "Great fear in view of impending evil; fearful apprehension of danger; anticipatory terror." ], "links": [ [ "fear", "fear" ], [ "impending", "impending" ], [ "evil", "evil" ], [ "fearful", "fearful" ], [ "apprehension", "apprehension" ], [ "danger", "danger" ], [ "anticipatory", "anticipatory" ], [ "terror", "terror" ] ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "glosses": [ "Reverential or respectful fear; awe." ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "glosses": [ "Somebody or something dreaded." ], "links": [ [ "dreaded", "dreaded" ] ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with obsolete senses" ], "glosses": [ "A person highly revered." ], "links": [ [ "revere", "revere" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(obsolete) A person highly revered." ], "tags": [ "countable", "obsolete", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with obsolete senses" ], "glosses": [ "Fury; dreadfulness." ], "links": [ [ "Fury", "fury#English" ], [ "dreadfulness", "dreadfulness" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(obsolete) Fury; dreadfulness." ], "tags": [ "countable", "obsolete", "uncountable" ] }, { "glosses": [ "A Rastafarian." ], "links": [ [ "Rastafarian", "Rastafarian" ] ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "alt_of": [ { "word": "dreadlock" } ], "categories": [ "English clippings", "English slang", "English terms with quotations" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "2006, “Tell Me When To Go”, in Earl Stevens, Joseph Simmons, Darryl McDaniels (lyrics), Lil Jon (music), My Ghetto Report Card", "text": "Jesus Christ had dreads / So shake 'em / I ain't got none / But I'm planning on growing some.", "type": "quotation" } ], "glosses": [ "Clipping of dreadlock." ], "links": [ [ "dreadlock", "dreadlock#English" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(slang, chiefly in the plural) Clipping of dreadlock." ], "tags": [ "abbreviation", "alt-of", "clipping", "countable", "in-plural", "slang", "uncountable" ] }, { "alt_of": [ { "word": "dreadnought" } ], "categories": [ "English clippings", "English slang", "English terms with historical senses", "English terms with usage examples", "en:Military", "en:Nautical" ], "examples": [ { "text": "The Royal Navy sent six dreads and four BCs to intercept the German raiding force.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "Clipping of dreadnought." ], "links": [ [ "military", "military" ], [ "nautical", "nautical" ], [ "dreadnought", "dreadnought#English" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(military, nautical, historical, slang) Clipping of dreadnought." ], "tags": [ "abbreviation", "alt-of", "clipping", "countable", "historical", "slang", "uncountable" ], "topics": [ "government", "military", "nautical", "politics", "transport", "war" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/dɹɛd/" }, { "rhymes": "-ɛd" }, { "audio": "en-us-dread.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/En-us-dread.ogg/En-us-dread.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/En-us-dread.ogg", "tags": [ "US" ], "text": "Audio (US)" }, { "enpr": "drĕd" } ], "translations": [ { "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "sarsapʿ", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "սարսափ" }, { "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "ah", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "ահ" }, { "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "soskum", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "սոսկում" }, { "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "strah", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "страх" }, { "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "bojázǎn", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "боя́зън" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "kǒngbù", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "恐怖" }, { "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "hrůza" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "vrees" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "doodsangst" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "kauhu" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "pelko" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "crainte" }, { "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "pavor" }, { "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "terror" }, { "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "horror" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "Grausen" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "Schaudern" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Angst" }, { "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "trómos", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "τρόμος" }, { "code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "vahśat", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "वहशत" }, { "code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "saham", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "सहम" }, { "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "rettegés" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "timore" }, { "alt": "きょうふ", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "kyōfu", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "恐怖" }, { "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "formīdō" }, { "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "timor" }, { "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "metus" }, { "code": "enm", "lang": "Middle English", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "dred" }, { "code": "enm", "lang": "Middle English", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "drednesse" }, { "code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "vahšat", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "وحشت" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "temor" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "terror" }, { "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "frică" }, { "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "teamă" }, { "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "temere" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "strax", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "страх" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "bojáznʹ", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "боя́знь" }, { "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "oillt" }, { "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "uamhann" }, { "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "uabhas" }, { "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "eagal" }, { "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "sgrath" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "pavor" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "temor" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "miedo" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "terror" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "horror" }, { "code": "tl", "lang": "Tagalog", "sense": "great fear in view of impending evil", "word": "alap-ap" }, { "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "respectful fear, awe", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "bázeň" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "respectful fear, awe", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Ehrfurcht" }, { "code": "enm", "lang": "Middle English", "sense": "respectful fear, awe", "word": "dred" }, { "code": "enm", "lang": "Middle English", "sense": "respectful fear, awe", "word": "drednesse" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "kǒngbù", "sense": "somebody or something dreaded", "word": "恐怖" }, { "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "somebody or something dreaded", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "vystrašený" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "somebody or something dreaded", "tags": [ "feminine", "masculine", "person" ], "word": "gevreesde" }, { "code": "nl", "english": "thing", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "somebody or something dreaded", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "gevreesde" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "somebody or something dreaded", "word": "kauhistus" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "somebody or something dreaded", "tags": [ "feminine", "masculine" ], "word": "Gefürchtete" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "somebody or something dreaded", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "Befürchtete" }, { "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "trómos", "sense": "somebody or something dreaded", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "τρόμος" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "somebody or something dreaded", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "terrível" }, { "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "somebody or something dreaded", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "sperietoare" } ], "word": "dread" } { "categories": [ "en:Fear", "en:Hair", "en:People" ], "derived": [ { "word": "dreadly" } ], "etymology_number": 3, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "drede" }, "expansion": "Middle English drede", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "dredde" }, "expansion": "dredde", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "dradde" }, "expansion": "dradde", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "ydreddyd", "t": "feared, dreaded, honoured" }, "expansion": "ydreddyd (“feared, dreaded, honoured”)", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "dreden", "t": "to fear, dread" }, "expansion": "Middle English dreden (“to fear, dread”)", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English drede, dredde, dradde, ydreddyd (“feared, dreaded, honoured”), past participle of Middle English dreden (“to fear, dread”). See above.", "forms": [ { "form": "dreader", "tags": [ "comparative" ] }, { "form": "dreadest", "tags": [ "superlative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "er" }, "expansion": "dread (comparative dreader, superlative dreadest)", "name": "en-adj" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "related": [ { "word": "dreadlocks" }, { "word": "dreadnought" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1879, Arthur Sullivan, The Pirates of Penzance, Gilbert & Sullivan", "text": "With cat-like tread / Upon our prey we steal / In silence dread / Our cautious way we feel", "type": "quotation" }, { "text": "1980, Donald Fagen; Walter Becker (lyrics and music), \"Glamour Profession\" in Gaucho, track 3: \"Jack with his radar / Stalking the dread moray eel\"" } ], "glosses": [ "Terrible; greatly feared; dreaded." ], "links": [ [ "Terrible", "terrible#English" ], [ "greatly", "greatly" ], [ "feared", "feared" ], [ "dreaded", "dreaded" ] ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1633, John Hay, editor, The Acts Made in the First Parliament of our Most High and Dread Soveraigne Charles, by the Grace of God, King of Great Britaine, France, and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &c.: Holden by Himselfe, Present in Person, with His Three Estates, at Edinburgh, upon the Twentie Eight Day of Iune, Anno Domini 1633, Edinburgh: Printed by Robert Young, printer to the Kings most excellent Maiestie, →OCLC", "text": "The acts made in the first Parliament of our most high and dread soveraigne Charles [I], by the grace of God, King of Great Britaine, France, and Ireland, defender of the faith, &c. […] [book title]", "type": "quotation" } ], "glosses": [ "Awe-inspiring; held in fearful awe." ], "links": [ [ "Awe-inspiring", "awe-inspiring#English" ], [ "fearful", "fearful" ], [ "awe", "awe" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(archaic) Awe-inspiring; held in fearful awe." ], "tags": [ "archaic" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/dɹɛd/" }, { "rhymes": "-ɛd" }, { "audio": "en-us-dread.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/En-us-dread.ogg/En-us-dread.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/En-us-dread.ogg", "tags": [ "US" ], "text": "Audio (US)" }, { "enpr": "drĕd" } ], "translations": [ { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "terrible", "word": "grausig" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "terrible", "word": "schauderhaft" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "terrible", "word": "grauenerregend" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "terrible", "word": "grauenvoll" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "terrible", "word": "gräulich" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "terrible", "word": "fürchterlich" } ], "word": "dread" }
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-03-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-03-01 using wiktextract (68773ab and 5f6ddbb). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.