See doubt in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for doubt meaning in English (63.9kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "doubtable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "doubter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "doubting"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "doubtingly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "doubting Thomas"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "doubting Thomasina"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "undoubted"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "undoubtedly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "undoubting"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "undoubtingly"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dwóh₁"
},
"expansion": "*dwóh₁",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dwóh₁"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "catlangname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dwóh₁"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *dwóh₁",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰeh₁bʰ-"
},
"expansion": "[Template:root]",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "douten",
"t": "to be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence"
},
"expansion": "Middle English douten (“to be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "doubt, doubten, dought, doughten, douti, douʒte, dut, duten, duti",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "douter"
},
"expansion": "Old French douter",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "doter"
},
"expansion": "doter",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "duter"
},
"expansion": "duter",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "doubter"
},
"expansion": "Middle French doubter",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dubitāre",
"t": "to hesitate"
},
"expansion": "Latin dubitāre (“to hesitate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "present"
},
"expansion": "present",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "active"
},
"expansion": "active",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "dubitō",
"t": "to be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder"
},
"expansion": "dubitō (“to be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "dubius",
"t": "fluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain"
},
"expansion": "dubius (“fluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "duhibius",
"t": "held as two"
},
"expansion": "duhibius (“held as two”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "duo",
"t": "two"
},
"expansion": "duo (“two”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dwóh₁",
"t": "two"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (“two”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "habeō",
"t": "to have, hold"
},
"expansion": "habeō (“to have, hold”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰeh₁bʰ-",
"t": "to grab, take"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ- (“to grab, take”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "b"
},
"expansion": "b",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dout"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dout",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "doute",
"t": "uncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;"
},
"expansion": "doute (“uncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dewt, dote, doubt, doubte, dought, doughte, douthe, douʒte, douȝt, douȝte, dowght, dowt, dowte, dut, dute",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "doute"
},
"expansion": "Old French doute",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "dote"
},
"expansion": "dote",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "dute",
"t": "uncertain feeling, doubt"
},
"expansion": "dute (“uncertain feeling, doubt”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "doter"
},
"expansion": "doter",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "douter"
},
"expansion": "douter",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "duter",
"t": "to doubt; to be afraid of, fear"
},
"expansion": "duter (“to doubt; to be afraid of, fear”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "doubter"
},
"expansion": "Middle French doubter",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "douter",
"t": "to doubt; to suspect"
},
"expansion": "French douter (“to doubt; to suspect”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "twēo",
"3": "",
"4": "doubt"
},
"expansion": "Old English twēo (“doubt”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "twēoġan",
"3": "",
"4": "to doubt"
},
"expansion": "twēoġan (“to doubt”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *dwóh₁\nThe verb is derived from Middle English douten (“to be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence”) [and other forms], from Old French douter, doter, duter (compare Middle French doubter), from Latin dubitāre (“to hesitate”), the present active infinitive of dubitō (“to be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder”); the further etymology is uncertain, but one theory is that dubitō may be derived from dubius (“fluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain”), from duhibius (“held as two”), from duo (“two”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (“two”)) + habeō (“to have, hold”) (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ- (“to grab, take”)). Although the Middle English form of the word was spelled without a b, this letter was later introduced through the influence of the Latin words dubitāre and dubitō. However, the English word continued to be pronounced without the b sound.\nThe noun is derived from Middle English dout, doute (“uncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;”) [and other forms],\nfrom Old French doute, dote, dute (“uncertain feeling, doubt”), from doter, douter, duter (“to doubt; to be afraid of, fear”) (compare Middle French doubter; modern French douter (“to doubt; to suspect”)); see further etymology above.\nDisplaced Old English twēo (“doubt”) and twēoġan (“to doubt”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "doubts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "doubting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "doubted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "doubted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "doubt (third-person singular simple present doubts, present participle doubting, simple past and past participle doubted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dubiety"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dubious"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He doubted that was really what you meant.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I had no wish to go, though I doubt if they would have noticed me even if I had.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "[1552?], Erasmus of Roterdame, “The Seconde Rule. Capitulo x.”, in [William Tyndale], transl., Enchiridion Militis Christiani, which maye be Called in Englishe, the Hansome Weapon of a Christian Knight, […], imprinted at London: […] [B]y [J. Day (?) for] Abraham Ueale, →OCLC",
"text": "Ther be but two wayes onely. The one whiche by followyng the affections ledeth to perdicion. The other whyche throughe the mortifyenge of the fleſhe: ledeth to lyfe, why doubteſt thou in thy ſelf: There is no thyrde way.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1585 September 9, “How a Man may Ivdge or Discerne of Him Self, vvhether He be a True Christian or Not. […]”, in A Christian Directorie Gviding Men to Their Salvation. Devided into Three Bookes. […], [Rouen]: [s.n.], →OCLC, pages 316–317",
"text": "And as for that faith, vvhich is vvithout vvorkes, and yet ſeemeth to thes men to be ſufficient for their ſaluation; he proteſteth, that it is ſo vnprofitable, as he doubteth not to ſaye of hymſelf; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1594, Richard Hooker, “The Second Booke. Concerning Their First Position who Vrge Reformation in the Church of England: Namely, that Scripture is the Only Rule of All Things which in this Life may be Done by Men.”, in Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, Eight Bookes, London: Printed by William Stansbye, published 1622, →OCLC, page 73",
"text": "Now it is not required nor can be exacted at our hands, that we ſhould yeeld vnto any thing other aſſent, then ſuch as doth anſwer the euidence which is to be had of that wee aſſent to. For which cauſe euen in matters diuine, concerning ſome things we may lawfully doubt and ſuſpend our iudgement, inclining neyther to one ſide or other, [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1913 June, J[ohn] A[rthur] R[ansome] Marriott, “The Problem of Poverty”, in The Nineteenth Century and After: A Monthly Review, volume LXXIII, number CCCCXXXVI, New York, N.Y.: Leonard Scott Publication Co.; London: Spottiswoode & Co. Ltd., printers, →OCLC, section III, page 1262",
"text": "As to the efficacy of such legislation and taxation a word may be said. No one doubts that it is possible, by the employment of such methods, to make the rich poorer. [...] But the really important question—for all serious-minded inquirers—is whether the employment of these weapons will diminish the poverty or increase the prosperity of the relatively poor.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1915, [Gertrude Antoinette Woodcock Seibert], “The Changed Cross”, in Poems of Dawn, New York, N.Y., London: Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, →OCLC, page 170",
"text": "And thus no longer trusting to His might, / Who saith we \"walk by faith and not by sight,\" / Doubting, and almost yielding to despair, / The thought arose—My cross I cannot bear.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1921 August, Howard P. Rockey, “The Doubting Thomas”, in Orison Swett Marden, editor, The New Success: Marden’s Magazine: A Magazine of Optimism, Self-help and Encouragement, volume V, number 8, New York, N.Y.: Lowrey-Marden Corporation, →OCLC, part I, page 76, column 2",
"text": "\"Your philosophy is very pretty,\" Tom Douty said slowly, \"but I can't help doubting that this is not the right time to start the new business.\"",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1979, John Iliffe, “The Crisis of Colonial Society, 1929–45”, in A Modern History of Tanganyika (African Studies Series; 25), Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, published 1994, page 342",
"text": "[B]oth colonisers and colonised lost faith in the colonisers' vision of the future. Europeans doubted whether their aims were attainable; Africans doubted whether they were desirable.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Kent Koppelman, “Diversity and Discrimination: The Argument over Affirmative Action”, in The Great Diversity Debate: Embracing Pluralism in School and Society, New York, N.Y.: Teachers College Press, page 99",
"text": "In one study, 60% of Black students believed that their academic abilities were doubted by their White peers, and 60% felt that their White professors doubted them as well.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2020 May 15, Robert Frost, Delphi Complete Works of Robert Frost (Illustrated) (Delphi Poets Series), Delphi Classics, →OCLC",
"text": "We may doubt the just proportion of good to ill.\nThere is much in nature against us. But we forget:\nTake nature altogether since time began,\nIncluding human nature, in peace and war,\nAnd it must be a little more in favor of man,[…]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be undecided about; to lack confidence in; to disbelieve, to question."
],
"id": "en-doubt-en-verb-Nynq683Q",
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"undecided",
"undecided"
],
[
"lack",
"lack#Verb"
],
[
"confidence",
"confidence"
],
[
"disbelieve",
"disbelieve"
],
[
"question",
"question#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To be undecided about; to lack confidence in; to disbelieve, to question."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "distrust"
},
{
"word": "mistrust"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šakka",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "شَكَّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kaskacel",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "կասկածել"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tarakusel",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "տարակուսել"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "varanel",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "վարանել"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "erkmtel",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "երկմտել"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "erkbayel",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "երկբայել"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "erkbayanal",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "երկբայանալ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dudar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "duldar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "şiklənew",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "шикләнеү"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "şöbhələnew",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "шөбһәләнеү"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "ikelənew",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "икеләнеү"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "duda egin"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "zalantza egin"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "zalantzatu"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "sumnjavácca",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "сумнява́цца"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎmnjávam se",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "съмня́вам се"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dubtar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "懷疑"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huáiyí",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "怀疑"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yí",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "疑"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "疑慮"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yílǜ",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "疑虑"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pochybovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "dlm",
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dobitur"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "betvivle"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "tvivle"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "betwijfelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "twijfelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "ovd",
"lang": "Elfdalian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "twivel"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dubi"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "kõhklema"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "fan",
"lang": "Fang (Bantu)",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "ásóo"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "ivast"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "epäillä"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "kyseenalaistaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "douter"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dubidar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "daeč̣veba",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "დაეჭვება"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "eč̣vis šeṭana",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "ეჭვის შეტანა"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "bezweifeln"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "zweifeln"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "amfivállo",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "αμφιβάλλω"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "apistéō",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "ἀπιστέω"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "qularpoq"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "lefakpek",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "לְפַקפֵּק"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sandeh karnā",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "संदेह करना"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "kételkedik"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "kétell"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "kétségbe von"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "megkérdőjelez"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "efa"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "efast"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dubitar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "bimbang"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "meragukan"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "ragu"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "ragu akan"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dubitare"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"alt": "ふしんにおもう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "fushin ni omou",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "不審に思う"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"alt": "ぎもんする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gimon suru",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "疑問する"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"alt": "いぶかしむ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ibukashimu",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "訝しむ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"alt": "うたがう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "utagau",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "疑う"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "diskunfia"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "deskonfiá"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "sɑŋsay",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "សង្ស័យ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "uisimhada",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "의심하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dubitare"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "šaubīties"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "abejoti"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dvejoti"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "zweiwelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "se somneva",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "се сомнева"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "saṁśayikkuka",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "സംശയിക്കുക"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "kumukumu"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "raupeka"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "sežiglex",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "сэжиглэх"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "ergelzex",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "эргэлзэх"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "eahpidit"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "tvile"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "tvila"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "twēoġan"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wątpić"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zwątpić"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "powątpiewać"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "duvidar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "avea dubii"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "se îndoi"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dubitar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "сомнева́ться impf (somnevátʹsja) (в + prepositional case)",
"sense": "to lack confidence in"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "śaṅke",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "शङ्के"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "cuir teagamh"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "сумњати"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "sumnjati"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pochybovať"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dvomiti"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "hsb",
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dwělować"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dudar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "-shuku"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "tvivla"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "alinlangan"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "duda"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "sandēhiñcu",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "సందేహించు"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "śaṅkiñcu",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "శంకించు"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "sǒng-sǎi",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "สงสัย"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "klänk-"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "şüphelenmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "kuşkulanmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sumnivátysja",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "сумніва́тися"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "nghi ngờ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 2 4",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "amau"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 16 5 67 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 51 11 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 25 5 41 6 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To harbour suspicion about; suspect."
],
"id": "en-doubt-en-verb-xJIrOlJ6",
"links": [
[
"harbour",
"harbour#Verb"
],
[
"suspicion",
"suspicion"
],
[
"suspect",
"suspect#Verb"
]
],
"qualifier": "archaic outside Scotland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic outside Scotland) To harbour suspicion about; suspect."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To anticipate with dread or fear; to apprehend."
],
"id": "en-doubt-en-verb-Kpm7uIjn",
"links": [
[
"anticipate",
"anticipate"
],
[
"dread",
"dread#Noun"
],
[
"fear",
"fear#Noun"
],
[
"apprehend",
"apprehend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To anticipate with dread or fear; to apprehend."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To fill with fear; to affright."
],
"id": "en-doubt-en-verb-tLpCZoJr",
"links": [
[
"fill",
"fill#Verb"
],
[
"affright",
"affright"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To fill with fear; to affright."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "[1297, Robert of Gloucester, “Edmond”, in William Aldis Wright, editor, The Metrical Chronicle of Robert of Gloucester. […] (Rerum Britannicarum Medii Aevi Scriptores; no. 86), part I (in Middle English), London: Printed for Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, by Eyre and Spottiswoode, […], published 1887, →OCLC, page 408",
"text": "Edmond aþelstones broþer · after him was king · / Godmon & doutede · god þoru alle þing ·\nEdmund, Æthelstan's brother · / after him was king · / [He was a] good man and feared · God through all things ·]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1798 February 27, William Short, “From William Short, 27 February [letter to Thomas Jefferson]”, in Barbara B. Oberg, editor, The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, volume 30 (1 January 1798 to 31 January 1799), Princeton, N.J., Woodstock, Oxfordshire: Princeton University Press, published 2003, page 152",
"text": "[H]ow many good Christians are there, who consider themselves the beloved of Christ & the invariable followers of his gospel, who with all his precepts in their mind go to Africa, wrest the mother from the infant—the father from the wife—chain them to the whip & lash, they & their posterity for ever, nay hold this scourge in their own hand & inflict it with all the gout of their abominable appetites, & who do not doubt that they are violating the whole doctrine of the author of their religion—To what absurdities may not the human mind bring itself when this can be thought by them less offensive to God, than eating meat on a friday?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To dread, to fear."
],
"id": "en-doubt-en-verb-1ZwIGrFD",
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"dread",
"dread#Verb"
],
[
"fear",
"fear#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive, obsolete) To dread, to fear."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/daʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dʌʊt/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-doubt.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/En-us-doubt.ogg/En-us-doubt.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/En-us-doubt.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"enpr": "dout",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
}
],
"word": "doubt"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "benefit of doubt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "benefit of the doubt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "beyond a reasonable doubt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "beyond a shadow of a doubt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "beyond a shadow of doubt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "beyond doubt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "beyond reasonable doubt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "beyond the shadow of a doubt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "call into doubt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Cartesian doubt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "doubtful"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "doubtless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "in doubt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "little doubt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "no-doubt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "no doubt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "reasonable doubt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "room for doubt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "self-doubt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "shadow of a doubt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "without a doubt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "without a shadow of a doubt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "without doubt"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dwóh₁"
},
"expansion": "*dwóh₁",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dwóh₁"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "catlangname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dwóh₁"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *dwóh₁",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰeh₁bʰ-"
},
"expansion": "[Template:root]",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "douten",
"t": "to be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence"
},
"expansion": "Middle English douten (“to be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "doubt, doubten, dought, doughten, douti, douʒte, dut, duten, duti",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "douter"
},
"expansion": "Old French douter",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "doter"
},
"expansion": "doter",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "duter"
},
"expansion": "duter",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "doubter"
},
"expansion": "Middle French doubter",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dubitāre",
"t": "to hesitate"
},
"expansion": "Latin dubitāre (“to hesitate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "present"
},
"expansion": "present",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "active"
},
"expansion": "active",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "dubitō",
"t": "to be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder"
},
"expansion": "dubitō (“to be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "dubius",
"t": "fluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain"
},
"expansion": "dubius (“fluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "duhibius",
"t": "held as two"
},
"expansion": "duhibius (“held as two”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "duo",
"t": "two"
},
"expansion": "duo (“two”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dwóh₁",
"t": "two"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (“two”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "habeō",
"t": "to have, hold"
},
"expansion": "habeō (“to have, hold”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰeh₁bʰ-",
"t": "to grab, take"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ- (“to grab, take”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "b"
},
"expansion": "b",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dout"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dout",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "doute",
"t": "uncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;"
},
"expansion": "doute (“uncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dewt, dote, doubt, doubte, dought, doughte, douthe, douʒte, douȝt, douȝte, dowght, dowt, dowte, dut, dute",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "doute"
},
"expansion": "Old French doute",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "dote"
},
"expansion": "dote",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "dute",
"t": "uncertain feeling, doubt"
},
"expansion": "dute (“uncertain feeling, doubt”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "doter"
},
"expansion": "doter",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "douter"
},
"expansion": "douter",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "duter",
"t": "to doubt; to be afraid of, fear"
},
"expansion": "duter (“to doubt; to be afraid of, fear”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "doubter"
},
"expansion": "Middle French doubter",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "douter",
"t": "to doubt; to suspect"
},
"expansion": "French douter (“to doubt; to suspect”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "twēo",
"3": "",
"4": "doubt"
},
"expansion": "Old English twēo (“doubt”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "twēoġan",
"3": "",
"4": "to doubt"
},
"expansion": "twēoġan (“to doubt”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *dwóh₁\nThe verb is derived from Middle English douten (“to be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence”) [and other forms], from Old French douter, doter, duter (compare Middle French doubter), from Latin dubitāre (“to hesitate”), the present active infinitive of dubitō (“to be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder”); the further etymology is uncertain, but one theory is that dubitō may be derived from dubius (“fluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain”), from duhibius (“held as two”), from duo (“two”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (“two”)) + habeō (“to have, hold”) (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ- (“to grab, take”)). Although the Middle English form of the word was spelled without a b, this letter was later introduced through the influence of the Latin words dubitāre and dubitō. However, the English word continued to be pronounced without the b sound.\nThe noun is derived from Middle English dout, doute (“uncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;”) [and other forms],\nfrom Old French doute, dote, dute (“uncertain feeling, doubt”), from doter, douter, duter (“to doubt; to be afraid of, fear”) (compare Middle French doubter; modern French douter (“to doubt; to suspect”)); see further etymology above.\nDisplaced Old English twēo (“doubt”) and twēoġan (“to doubt”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "doubts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "doubt (countable and uncountable, plural doubts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "belief"
},
{
"word": "confidence"
},
{
"word": "faith"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "There was some doubt as to who the child's real father was.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I have doubts about how to convert this code to JavaScript.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1990, Richard Foley, “Skepticism and Rationality”, in Michael D. Roth, Glenn Ross, editors, Doubting: Contemporary Perspectives on Skepticism (Philosophical Studies Series; 48), Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, →DOI, part 1 (Concessions), page 73",
"text": "After all, the search for such assurances will itself require us to marshall our cognitive resources. It will itself involve the use of methods about which we can sensibly have doubts, doubts that cannot be addressed without begging the question.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Disbelief or uncertainty (about something); (countable) a particular instance of such disbelief or uncertainty."
],
"id": "en-doubt-en-noun-O-M2z4vi",
"links": [
[
"Disbelief",
"disbelief"
],
[
"uncertainty",
"uncertainty"
],
[
"instance",
"instance#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, countable) Disbelief or uncertainty (about something); (countable) a particular instance of such disbelief or uncertainty."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dyshim"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ase",
"lang": "American Sign Language",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "V@NearNose-PalmBack BentV@FromChin"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šakk",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شَكّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šakk",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "شك"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "dubda"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kaskac",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "կասկած"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tarakuys",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "տարակույս"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "erkmtankʿ",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "երկմտանք"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "erkbayutʿyun",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "երկբայություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "erkbayankʿ",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "երկբայանք"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kaskaceliutʿyun",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "կասկածելիություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "xondeh",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "সন্দেহ"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "duda"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dulda"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "şübhə"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "şəkk"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "şiklənew",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шикләнеү"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "şöbhələnew",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шөбһәләнеү"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "ikelənew",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "икеләнеү"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "şik",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шик"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "şöbhə",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шөбһә"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "súmnjeŭ",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "су́мнеў"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "sumnjénnje",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "сумне́нне"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "śondeho",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "সন্দেহ"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎmnénie",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "съмне́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "samsa.ya.",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "သံသယ"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dubte"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ce",
"lang": "Chechen",
"roman": "šeko",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шеко"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "懷疑"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huáiyí",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "怀疑"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yíhuò",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "疑惑"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "疑問"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yíwèn",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "疑问"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pochyba"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pochybnost"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "tvivl"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "twijfel"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "dubo"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "kõhklus"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "kahtlus"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ivi"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "epäily"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "epäilys"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "doute"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "fro",
"lang": "Old French",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "doutance"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dúbida"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "eč̣vi",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "ეჭვი"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Zweifel"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "amfivolía",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "αμφιβολία"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "apistía",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ἀπιστία"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "safék",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "סָפֵק"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sandeh",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "संदेह"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "śak",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "शक"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "kétely"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "kétség"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "efasemd"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "efi"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vafi"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "dubito"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "kebimbangan"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "keraguan"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "dubita"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aincheas"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dubbio"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"singular"
],
"word": "perplessità"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"alt": "ふしん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "fushin",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "不審"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"alt": "ぎもん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gimon",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "疑問"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"alt": "うたがい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "utagai",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "疑い"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "kümän",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "күмән"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "şübä",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шүбә"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "şek",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шек"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kangkhaa",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "កង្ខា"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"alt": "疑惑",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "uihok",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "의혹"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "guman"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gûş"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hulhul"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "şik"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "şube"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "şûf"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "kümön",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "күмөн"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "şek",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шек"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "lo",
"english": "song sai",
"lang": "Lao",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "ສົງໄສ"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "dubium"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dubitātiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"Late-Latin",
"feminine"
],
"word": "dubietās"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "šaubas"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abejonė"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"rare"
],
"word": "dvejonė"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Zweiwel"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "somnež",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сомнеж"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "somnevanje",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "сомневање"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "keraguan"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "saṁśayaṁ",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "സംശയം"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "dooyt"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ourys"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "kumukumu"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "sežig",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "сэжиг"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "ergelzee",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "эргэлзээ"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "damžig",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "дамжиг"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tvil"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dobte"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "twēo"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "om",
"lang": "Oromo",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "mamii"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "om",
"lang": "Oromo",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "shakkii"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "šak",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شک"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "šebhá",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "شبهه"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "šak",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "شَک"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "wątpliwość"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dúvida"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "incerteza"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "dubiu"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "îndoială"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "somnénije",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "сомне́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amharas"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mì-chinnt"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "teagamh"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́мња"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "súmnja"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dùbbitu"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pochybnosť"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dvom"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "duda"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "incertidumbre"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "shaka"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"word": "tvekan"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tvivel"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "duda"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "alinlangan"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "šak",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шак"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "šubha",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шубҳа"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "cantēkam",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "சந்தேகம்"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "aiyam",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "ஐயம்"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "şik",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шик"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "sandēhamu",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "సందేహము"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "śaṅka",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "శంక"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "sǒng-sǎi",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "สงสัย"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "sklok"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "kuşku"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "şüphe"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "şek"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "güman"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "şübhe"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "súmniv",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "су́мнів"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "śak",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شَک"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "shübhe",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "شۈبھە"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "guman",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "گۇمان"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "shek",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "شەك"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "shubha"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "gumon"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "shak"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "(sự, điều, mối) nghi ngờ"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "dot"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "amheuaeth"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "twivel"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "tsveyfl",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "צווייפֿל"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "şek"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "belief"
},
{
"word": "tenet"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2006 July 12, Vishy, “Vishy's Indian English Dictionary: doubt”, in Vishy's Indian English Dictionary, archived from the original on 2008-03-09",
"text": "It is entirely normal to hear a statement like \"I have just one doubt, miss\" or \"If you have any doubts before the exam tomorrow, come see me in the staff room\". The doubts in the aforementioned sentences are not as much rooted in a lack of faith as in a lack of understanding.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A point of uncertainty; a query."
],
"id": "en-doubt-en-noun-jG2eL9bP",
"links": [
[
"point",
"point#Noun"
],
[
"query",
"query#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, obsolete or India) A point of uncertainty; a query."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "disbelief"
}
],
"tags": [
"India",
"countable",
"obsolete"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šubha",
"sense": "point of uncertainty, query",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "شُبْهَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "voprós",
"sense": "point of uncertainty, query",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вопро́с"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "point of uncertainty, query",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "duda"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/daʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dʌʊt/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-doubt.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/En-us-doubt.ogg/En-us-doubt.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/En-us-doubt.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"enpr": "dout",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "dout"
}
],
"word": "doubt"
}
{
"categories": [
"American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts",
"English 1-syllable words",
"English 2-syllable words",
"English contranyms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English reporting verbs",
"English stative verbs",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰeh₁bʰ-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dwóh₁",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "doubtable"
},
{
"word": "doubter"
},
{
"word": "doubting"
},
{
"word": "doubtingly"
},
{
"word": "doubting Thomas"
},
{
"word": "doubting Thomasina"
},
{
"word": "undoubted"
},
{
"word": "undoubtedly"
},
{
"word": "undoubting"
},
{
"word": "undoubtingly"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dwóh₁"
},
"expansion": "*dwóh₁",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dwóh₁"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "catlangname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dwóh₁"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *dwóh₁",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰeh₁bʰ-"
},
"expansion": "[Template:root]",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "douten",
"t": "to be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence"
},
"expansion": "Middle English douten (“to be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "doubt, doubten, dought, doughten, douti, douʒte, dut, duten, duti",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "douter"
},
"expansion": "Old French douter",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "doter"
},
"expansion": "doter",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "duter"
},
"expansion": "duter",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "doubter"
},
"expansion": "Middle French doubter",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dubitāre",
"t": "to hesitate"
},
"expansion": "Latin dubitāre (“to hesitate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "present"
},
"expansion": "present",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "active"
},
"expansion": "active",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "dubitō",
"t": "to be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder"
},
"expansion": "dubitō (“to be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "dubius",
"t": "fluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain"
},
"expansion": "dubius (“fluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "duhibius",
"t": "held as two"
},
"expansion": "duhibius (“held as two”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "duo",
"t": "two"
},
"expansion": "duo (“two”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dwóh₁",
"t": "two"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (“two”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "habeō",
"t": "to have, hold"
},
"expansion": "habeō (“to have, hold”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰeh₁bʰ-",
"t": "to grab, take"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ- (“to grab, take”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "b"
},
"expansion": "b",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dout"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dout",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "doute",
"t": "uncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;"
},
"expansion": "doute (“uncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dewt, dote, doubt, doubte, dought, doughte, douthe, douʒte, douȝt, douȝte, dowght, dowt, dowte, dut, dute",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "doute"
},
"expansion": "Old French doute",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "dote"
},
"expansion": "dote",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "dute",
"t": "uncertain feeling, doubt"
},
"expansion": "dute (“uncertain feeling, doubt”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "doter"
},
"expansion": "doter",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "douter"
},
"expansion": "douter",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "duter",
"t": "to doubt; to be afraid of, fear"
},
"expansion": "duter (“to doubt; to be afraid of, fear”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "doubter"
},
"expansion": "Middle French doubter",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "douter",
"t": "to doubt; to suspect"
},
"expansion": "French douter (“to doubt; to suspect”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "twēo",
"3": "",
"4": "doubt"
},
"expansion": "Old English twēo (“doubt”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "twēoġan",
"3": "",
"4": "to doubt"
},
"expansion": "twēoġan (“to doubt”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *dwóh₁\nThe verb is derived from Middle English douten (“to be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence”) [and other forms], from Old French douter, doter, duter (compare Middle French doubter), from Latin dubitāre (“to hesitate”), the present active infinitive of dubitō (“to be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder”); the further etymology is uncertain, but one theory is that dubitō may be derived from dubius (“fluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain”), from duhibius (“held as two”), from duo (“two”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (“two”)) + habeō (“to have, hold”) (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ- (“to grab, take”)). Although the Middle English form of the word was spelled without a b, this letter was later introduced through the influence of the Latin words dubitāre and dubitō. However, the English word continued to be pronounced without the b sound.\nThe noun is derived from Middle English dout, doute (“uncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;”) [and other forms],\nfrom Old French doute, dote, dute (“uncertain feeling, doubt”), from doter, douter, duter (“to doubt; to be afraid of, fear”) (compare Middle French doubter; modern French douter (“to doubt; to suspect”)); see further etymology above.\nDisplaced Old English twēo (“doubt”) and twēoġan (“to doubt”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "doubts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "doubting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "doubted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "doubted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "doubt (third-person singular simple present doubts, present participle doubting, simple past and past participle doubted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "dubiety"
},
{
"word": "dubious"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He doubted that was really what you meant.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I had no wish to go, though I doubt if they would have noticed me even if I had.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "[1552?], Erasmus of Roterdame, “The Seconde Rule. Capitulo x.”, in [William Tyndale], transl., Enchiridion Militis Christiani, which maye be Called in Englishe, the Hansome Weapon of a Christian Knight, […], imprinted at London: […] [B]y [J. Day (?) for] Abraham Ueale, →OCLC",
"text": "Ther be but two wayes onely. The one whiche by followyng the affections ledeth to perdicion. The other whyche throughe the mortifyenge of the fleſhe: ledeth to lyfe, why doubteſt thou in thy ſelf: There is no thyrde way.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1585 September 9, “How a Man may Ivdge or Discerne of Him Self, vvhether He be a True Christian or Not. […]”, in A Christian Directorie Gviding Men to Their Salvation. Devided into Three Bookes. […], [Rouen]: [s.n.], →OCLC, pages 316–317",
"text": "And as for that faith, vvhich is vvithout vvorkes, and yet ſeemeth to thes men to be ſufficient for their ſaluation; he proteſteth, that it is ſo vnprofitable, as he doubteth not to ſaye of hymſelf; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1594, Richard Hooker, “The Second Booke. Concerning Their First Position who Vrge Reformation in the Church of England: Namely, that Scripture is the Only Rule of All Things which in this Life may be Done by Men.”, in Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, Eight Bookes, London: Printed by William Stansbye, published 1622, →OCLC, page 73",
"text": "Now it is not required nor can be exacted at our hands, that we ſhould yeeld vnto any thing other aſſent, then ſuch as doth anſwer the euidence which is to be had of that wee aſſent to. For which cauſe euen in matters diuine, concerning ſome things we may lawfully doubt and ſuſpend our iudgement, inclining neyther to one ſide or other, [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1913 June, J[ohn] A[rthur] R[ansome] Marriott, “The Problem of Poverty”, in The Nineteenth Century and After: A Monthly Review, volume LXXIII, number CCCCXXXVI, New York, N.Y.: Leonard Scott Publication Co.; London: Spottiswoode & Co. Ltd., printers, →OCLC, section III, page 1262",
"text": "As to the efficacy of such legislation and taxation a word may be said. No one doubts that it is possible, by the employment of such methods, to make the rich poorer. [...] But the really important question—for all serious-minded inquirers—is whether the employment of these weapons will diminish the poverty or increase the prosperity of the relatively poor.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1915, [Gertrude Antoinette Woodcock Seibert], “The Changed Cross”, in Poems of Dawn, New York, N.Y., London: Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, →OCLC, page 170",
"text": "And thus no longer trusting to His might, / Who saith we \"walk by faith and not by sight,\" / Doubting, and almost yielding to despair, / The thought arose—My cross I cannot bear.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1921 August, Howard P. Rockey, “The Doubting Thomas”, in Orison Swett Marden, editor, The New Success: Marden’s Magazine: A Magazine of Optimism, Self-help and Encouragement, volume V, number 8, New York, N.Y.: Lowrey-Marden Corporation, →OCLC, part I, page 76, column 2",
"text": "\"Your philosophy is very pretty,\" Tom Douty said slowly, \"but I can't help doubting that this is not the right time to start the new business.\"",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1979, John Iliffe, “The Crisis of Colonial Society, 1929–45”, in A Modern History of Tanganyika (African Studies Series; 25), Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, published 1994, page 342",
"text": "[B]oth colonisers and colonised lost faith in the colonisers' vision of the future. Europeans doubted whether their aims were attainable; Africans doubted whether they were desirable.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Kent Koppelman, “Diversity and Discrimination: The Argument over Affirmative Action”, in The Great Diversity Debate: Embracing Pluralism in School and Society, New York, N.Y.: Teachers College Press, page 99",
"text": "In one study, 60% of Black students believed that their academic abilities were doubted by their White peers, and 60% felt that their White professors doubted them as well.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2020 May 15, Robert Frost, Delphi Complete Works of Robert Frost (Illustrated) (Delphi Poets Series), Delphi Classics, →OCLC",
"text": "We may doubt the just proportion of good to ill.\nThere is much in nature against us. But we forget:\nTake nature altogether since time began,\nIncluding human nature, in peace and war,\nAnd it must be a little more in favor of man,[…]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be undecided about; to lack confidence in; to disbelieve, to question."
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"undecided",
"undecided"
],
[
"lack",
"lack#Verb"
],
[
"confidence",
"confidence"
],
[
"disbelieve",
"disbelieve"
],
[
"question",
"question#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To be undecided about; to lack confidence in; to disbelieve, to question."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "distrust"
},
{
"word": "mistrust"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English transitive verbs",
"Scottish English"
],
"glosses": [
"To harbour suspicion about; suspect."
],
"links": [
[
"harbour",
"harbour#Verb"
],
[
"suspicion",
"suspicion"
],
[
"suspect",
"suspect#Verb"
]
],
"qualifier": "archaic outside Scotland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic outside Scotland) To harbour suspicion about; suspect."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To anticipate with dread or fear; to apprehend."
],
"links": [
[
"anticipate",
"anticipate"
],
[
"dread",
"dread#Noun"
],
[
"fear",
"fear#Noun"
],
[
"apprehend",
"apprehend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To anticipate with dread or fear; to apprehend."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To fill with fear; to affright."
],
"links": [
[
"fill",
"fill#Verb"
],
[
"affright",
"affright"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To fill with fear; to affright."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "[1297, Robert of Gloucester, “Edmond”, in William Aldis Wright, editor, The Metrical Chronicle of Robert of Gloucester. […] (Rerum Britannicarum Medii Aevi Scriptores; no. 86), part I (in Middle English), London: Printed for Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, by Eyre and Spottiswoode, […], published 1887, →OCLC, page 408",
"text": "Edmond aþelstones broþer · after him was king · / Godmon & doutede · god þoru alle þing ·\nEdmund, Æthelstan's brother · / after him was king · / [He was a] good man and feared · God through all things ·]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1798 February 27, William Short, “From William Short, 27 February [letter to Thomas Jefferson]”, in Barbara B. Oberg, editor, The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, volume 30 (1 January 1798 to 31 January 1799), Princeton, N.J., Woodstock, Oxfordshire: Princeton University Press, published 2003, page 152",
"text": "[H]ow many good Christians are there, who consider themselves the beloved of Christ & the invariable followers of his gospel, who with all his precepts in their mind go to Africa, wrest the mother from the infant—the father from the wife—chain them to the whip & lash, they & their posterity for ever, nay hold this scourge in their own hand & inflict it with all the gout of their abominable appetites, & who do not doubt that they are violating the whole doctrine of the author of their religion—To what absurdities may not the human mind bring itself when this can be thought by them less offensive to God, than eating meat on a friday?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To dread, to fear."
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"dread",
"dread#Verb"
],
[
"fear",
"fear#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive, obsolete) To dread, to fear."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/daʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dʌʊt/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-doubt.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/En-us-doubt.ogg/En-us-doubt.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/En-us-doubt.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"enpr": "dout",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šakka",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "شَكَّ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kaskacel",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "կասկածել"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tarakusel",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "տարակուսել"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "varanel",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "վարանել"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "erkmtel",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "երկմտել"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "erkbayel",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "երկբայել"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "erkbayanal",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "երկբայանալ"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dudar"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "duldar"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "şiklənew",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "шикләнеү"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "şöbhələnew",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "шөбһәләнеү"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "ikelənew",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "икеләнеү"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "duda egin"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "zalantza egin"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "zalantzatu"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "sumnjavácca",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "сумнява́цца"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎmnjávam se",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "съмня́вам се"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dubtar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "懷疑"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huáiyí",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "怀疑"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yí",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "疑"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "疑慮"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yílǜ",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "疑虑"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pochybovat"
},
{
"code": "dlm",
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dobitur"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "betvivle"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "tvivle"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "betwijfelen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "twijfelen"
},
{
"code": "ovd",
"lang": "Elfdalian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "twivel"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dubi"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "kõhklema"
},
{
"code": "fan",
"lang": "Fang (Bantu)",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "ásóo"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "ivast"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "epäillä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "kyseenalaistaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "douter"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dubidar"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "daeč̣veba",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "დაეჭვება"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "eč̣vis šeṭana",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "ეჭვის შეტანა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "bezweifeln"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "zweifeln"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "amfivállo",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "αμφιβάλλω"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "apistéō",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "ἀπιστέω"
},
{
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "qularpoq"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "lefakpek",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "לְפַקפֵּק"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sandeh karnā",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "संदेह करना"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "kételkedik"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "kétell"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "kétségbe von"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "megkérdőjelez"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "efa"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "efast"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dubitar"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "bimbang"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "meragukan"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "ragu"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "ragu akan"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dubitare"
},
{
"alt": "ふしんにおもう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "fushin ni omou",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "不審に思う"
},
{
"alt": "ぎもんする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gimon suru",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "疑問する"
},
{
"alt": "いぶかしむ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ibukashimu",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "訝しむ"
},
{
"alt": "うたがう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "utagau",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "疑う"
},
{
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "diskunfia"
},
{
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "deskonfiá"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "sɑŋsay",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "សង្ស័យ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "uisimhada",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "의심하다"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dubitare"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "šaubīties"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "abejoti"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dvejoti"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "zweiwelen"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "se somneva",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "се сомнева"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "saṁśayikkuka",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "സംശയിക്കുക"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "kumukumu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "raupeka"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "sežiglex",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "сэжиглэх"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "ergelzex",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "эргэлзэх"
},
{
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "eahpidit"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "tvile"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "tvila"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "twēoġan"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wątpić"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zwątpić"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "powątpiewać"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "duvidar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "avea dubii"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "se îndoi"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dubitar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "сомнева́ться impf (somnevátʹsja) (в + prepositional case)",
"sense": "to lack confidence in"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "śaṅke",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "शङ्के"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "cuir teagamh"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "сумњати"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "sumnjati"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pochybovať"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dvomiti"
},
{
"code": "hsb",
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dwělować"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "dudar"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "-shuku"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "tvivla"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "alinlangan"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "duda"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "sandēhiñcu",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "సందేహించు"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "śaṅkiñcu",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "శంకించు"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "sǒng-sǎi",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "สงสัย"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "klänk-"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "şüphelenmek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "kuşkulanmak"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sumnivátysja",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "сумніва́тися"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "nghi ngờ"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to lack confidence in",
"word": "amau"
}
],
"word": "doubt"
}
{
"categories": [
"American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts",
"English 1-syllable words",
"English 2-syllable words",
"English contranyms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English reporting verbs",
"English stative verbs",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰeh₁bʰ-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dwóh₁",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "benefit of doubt"
},
{
"word": "benefit of the doubt"
},
{
"word": "beyond a reasonable doubt"
},
{
"word": "beyond a shadow of a doubt"
},
{
"word": "beyond a shadow of doubt"
},
{
"word": "beyond doubt"
},
{
"word": "beyond reasonable doubt"
},
{
"word": "beyond the shadow of a doubt"
},
{
"word": "call into doubt"
},
{
"word": "Cartesian doubt"
},
{
"word": "doubtful"
},
{
"word": "doubtless"
},
{
"word": "in doubt"
},
{
"word": "little doubt"
},
{
"word": "no-doubt"
},
{
"word": "no doubt"
},
{
"word": "reasonable doubt"
},
{
"word": "room for doubt"
},
{
"word": "self-doubt"
},
{
"word": "shadow of a doubt"
},
{
"word": "without a doubt"
},
{
"word": "without a shadow of a doubt"
},
{
"word": "without doubt"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dwóh₁"
},
"expansion": "*dwóh₁",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dwóh₁"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "catlangname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dwóh₁"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *dwóh₁",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰeh₁bʰ-"
},
"expansion": "[Template:root]",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "douten",
"t": "to be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence"
},
"expansion": "Middle English douten (“to be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "doubt, doubten, dought, doughten, douti, douʒte, dut, duten, duti",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "douter"
},
"expansion": "Old French douter",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "doter"
},
"expansion": "doter",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "duter"
},
"expansion": "duter",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "doubter"
},
"expansion": "Middle French doubter",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dubitāre",
"t": "to hesitate"
},
"expansion": "Latin dubitāre (“to hesitate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "present"
},
"expansion": "present",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "active"
},
"expansion": "active",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "dubitō",
"t": "to be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder"
},
"expansion": "dubitō (“to be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "dubius",
"t": "fluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain"
},
"expansion": "dubius (“fluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "duhibius",
"t": "held as two"
},
"expansion": "duhibius (“held as two”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "duo",
"t": "two"
},
"expansion": "duo (“two”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dwóh₁",
"t": "two"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (“two”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "habeō",
"t": "to have, hold"
},
"expansion": "habeō (“to have, hold”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰeh₁bʰ-",
"t": "to grab, take"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ- (“to grab, take”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "b"
},
"expansion": "b",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dout"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dout",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "doute",
"t": "uncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;"
},
"expansion": "doute (“uncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dewt, dote, doubt, doubte, dought, doughte, douthe, douʒte, douȝt, douȝte, dowght, dowt, dowte, dut, dute",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "doute"
},
"expansion": "Old French doute",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "dote"
},
"expansion": "dote",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "dute",
"t": "uncertain feeling, doubt"
},
"expansion": "dute (“uncertain feeling, doubt”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "doter"
},
"expansion": "doter",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "douter"
},
"expansion": "douter",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "duter",
"t": "to doubt; to be afraid of, fear"
},
"expansion": "duter (“to doubt; to be afraid of, fear”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "doubter"
},
"expansion": "Middle French doubter",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "douter",
"t": "to doubt; to suspect"
},
"expansion": "French douter (“to doubt; to suspect”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "twēo",
"3": "",
"4": "doubt"
},
"expansion": "Old English twēo (“doubt”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "twēoġan",
"3": "",
"4": "to doubt"
},
"expansion": "twēoġan (“to doubt”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *dwóh₁\nThe verb is derived from Middle English douten (“to be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence”) [and other forms], from Old French douter, doter, duter (compare Middle French doubter), from Latin dubitāre (“to hesitate”), the present active infinitive of dubitō (“to be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder”); the further etymology is uncertain, but one theory is that dubitō may be derived from dubius (“fluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain”), from duhibius (“held as two”), from duo (“two”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (“two”)) + habeō (“to have, hold”) (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ- (“to grab, take”)). Although the Middle English form of the word was spelled without a b, this letter was later introduced through the influence of the Latin words dubitāre and dubitō. However, the English word continued to be pronounced without the b sound.\nThe noun is derived from Middle English dout, doute (“uncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;”) [and other forms],\nfrom Old French doute, dote, dute (“uncertain feeling, doubt”), from doter, douter, duter (“to doubt; to be afraid of, fear”) (compare Middle French doubter; modern French douter (“to doubt; to suspect”)); see further etymology above.\nDisplaced Old English twēo (“doubt”) and twēoġan (“to doubt”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "doubts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "doubt (countable and uncountable, plural doubts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "belief"
},
{
"word": "confidence"
},
{
"word": "faith"
}
],
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "There was some doubt as to who the child's real father was.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I have doubts about how to convert this code to JavaScript.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1990, Richard Foley, “Skepticism and Rationality”, in Michael D. Roth, Glenn Ross, editors, Doubting: Contemporary Perspectives on Skepticism (Philosophical Studies Series; 48), Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, →DOI, part 1 (Concessions), page 73",
"text": "After all, the search for such assurances will itself require us to marshall our cognitive resources. It will itself involve the use of methods about which we can sensibly have doubts, doubts that cannot be addressed without begging the question.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Disbelief or uncertainty (about something); (countable) a particular instance of such disbelief or uncertainty."
],
"links": [
[
"Disbelief",
"disbelief"
],
[
"uncertainty",
"uncertainty"
],
[
"instance",
"instance#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, countable) Disbelief or uncertainty (about something); (countable) a particular instance of such disbelief or uncertainty."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "belief"
},
{
"word": "tenet"
}
],
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Indian English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2006 July 12, Vishy, “Vishy's Indian English Dictionary: doubt”, in Vishy's Indian English Dictionary, archived from the original on 2008-03-09",
"text": "It is entirely normal to hear a statement like \"I have just one doubt, miss\" or \"If you have any doubts before the exam tomorrow, come see me in the staff room\". The doubts in the aforementioned sentences are not as much rooted in a lack of faith as in a lack of understanding.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A point of uncertainty; a query."
],
"links": [
[
"point",
"point#Noun"
],
[
"query",
"query#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, obsolete or India) A point of uncertainty; a query."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "disbelief"
}
],
"tags": [
"India",
"countable",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/daʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dʌʊt/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-doubt.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/En-us-doubt.ogg/En-us-doubt.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/En-us-doubt.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"enpr": "dout",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "dout"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dyshim"
},
{
"code": "ase",
"lang": "American Sign Language",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "V@NearNose-PalmBack BentV@FromChin"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šakk",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شَكّ"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šakk",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "شك"
},
{
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "dubda"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kaskac",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "կասկած"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tarakuys",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "տարակույս"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "erkmtankʿ",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "երկմտանք"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "erkbayutʿyun",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "երկբայություն"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "erkbayankʿ",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "երկբայանք"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kaskaceliutʿyun",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "կասկածելիություն"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "xondeh",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "সন্দেহ"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "duda"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dulda"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "şübhə"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "şəkk"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "şiklənew",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шикләнеү"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "şöbhələnew",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шөбһәләнеү"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "ikelənew",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "икеләнеү"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "şik",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шик"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "şöbhə",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шөбһә"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "súmnjeŭ",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "су́мнеў"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "sumnjénnje",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "сумне́нне"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "śondeho",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "সন্দেহ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎmnénie",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "съмне́ние"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "samsa.ya.",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "သံသယ"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dubte"
},
{
"code": "ce",
"lang": "Chechen",
"roman": "šeko",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шеко"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "懷疑"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huáiyí",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "怀疑"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yíhuò",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "疑惑"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "疑問"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yíwèn",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "疑问"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pochyba"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pochybnost"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "tvivl"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "twijfel"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "dubo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "kõhklus"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "kahtlus"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ivi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "epäily"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "epäilys"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "doute"
},
{
"code": "fro",
"lang": "Old French",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "doutance"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dúbida"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "eč̣vi",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "ეჭვი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Zweifel"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "amfivolía",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "αμφιβολία"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "apistía",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ἀπιστία"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "safék",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "סָפֵק"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sandeh",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "संदेह"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "śak",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "शक"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "kétely"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "kétség"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "efasemd"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "efi"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vafi"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "dubito"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "kebimbangan"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "keraguan"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "dubita"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aincheas"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dubbio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"singular"
],
"word": "perplessità"
},
{
"alt": "ふしん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "fushin",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "不審"
},
{
"alt": "ぎもん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gimon",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "疑問"
},
{
"alt": "うたがい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "utagai",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "疑い"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "kümän",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "күмән"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "şübä",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шүбә"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "şek",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шек"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kangkhaa",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "កង្ខា"
},
{
"alt": "疑惑",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "uihok",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "의혹"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "guman"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gûş"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hulhul"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "şik"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "şube"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "şûf"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "kümön",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "күмөн"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "şek",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шек"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"english": "song sai",
"lang": "Lao",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "ສົງໄສ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "dubium"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dubitātiō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"Late-Latin",
"feminine"
],
"word": "dubietās"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "šaubas"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abejonė"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"rare"
],
"word": "dvejonė"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Zweiwel"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "somnež",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сомнеж"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "somnevanje",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "сомневање"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "keraguan"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "saṁśayaṁ",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "സംശയം"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "dooyt"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ourys"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "kumukumu"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "sežig",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "сэжиг"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "ergelzee",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "эргэлзээ"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "damžig",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "дамжиг"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tvil"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dobte"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "twēo"
},
{
"code": "om",
"lang": "Oromo",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "mamii"
},
{
"code": "om",
"lang": "Oromo",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "shakkii"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "šak",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شک"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "šebhá",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "شبهه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "šak",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "شَک"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "wątpliwość"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dúvida"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "incerteza"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "dubiu"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "îndoială"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "somnénije",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "сомне́ние"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amharas"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mì-chinnt"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "teagamh"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́мња"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "súmnja"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dùbbitu"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pochybnosť"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dvom"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "duda"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "incertidumbre"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "shaka"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"word": "tvekan"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tvivel"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "duda"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "alinlangan"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "šak",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шак"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "šubha",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шубҳа"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "cantēkam",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "சந்தேகம்"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "aiyam",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "ஐயம்"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "şik",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "шик"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "sandēhamu",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "సందేహము"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "śaṅka",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "శంక"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "sǒng-sǎi",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "สงสัย"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "sklok"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "kuşku"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "şüphe"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "şek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "güman"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "şübhe"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "súmniv",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "су́мнів"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "śak",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شَک"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "shübhe",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "شۈبھە"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "guman",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "گۇمان"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "shek",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "شەك"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "shubha"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "gumon"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "shak"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "(sự, điều, mối) nghi ngờ"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "dot"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "amheuaeth"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "twivel"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "tsveyfl",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "צווייפֿל"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "disbelief or uncertainty (about something)",
"word": "şek"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šubha",
"sense": "point of uncertainty, query",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "شُبْهَة"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "voprós",
"sense": "point of uncertainty, query",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вопро́с"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "point of uncertainty, query",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "duda"
}
],
"word": "doubt"
}
{
"called_from": "XYZunsorted",
"msg": "doubt/English/verb: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"note\": \"\\u0441\\u043e\\u043c\\u043d\\u0435\\u0432\\u0430\\u0301\\u0442\\u044c\\u0441\\u044f impf (somnev\\u00e1t\\u02b9sja) (\\u0432 + prepositional case)\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\"}: {\"categories\": [\"American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts\", \"English 1-syllable words\", \"English 2-syllable words\", \"English contranyms\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English entries with language name categories using raw markup\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English reporting verbs\", \"English stative verbs\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *g\\u02b0eh\\u2081b\\u02b0-\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"English terms with audio links\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Rhymes:English/a\\u028at\", \"Rhymes:English/a\\u028at/1 syllable\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"doubtable\"}, {\"word\": \"doubter\"}, {\"word\": \"doubting\"}, {\"word\": \"doubtingly\"}, {\"word\": \"doubting Thomas\"}, {\"word\": \"doubting Thomasina\"}, {\"word\": \"undoubted\"}, {\"word\": \"undoubtedly\"}, {\"word\": \"undoubting\"}, {\"word\": \"undoubtingly\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ine-pro\", \"2\": \"*dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\"}, \"expansion\": \"*dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\", \"name\": \"l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"catlangname\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\"}, \"expansion\": \"PIE word\\n *dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\", \"name\": \"PIE word\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*g\\u02b0eh\\u2081b\\u02b0-\"}, \"expansion\": \"[Template:root]\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"douten\", \"t\": \"to be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English douten (\\u201cto be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"doubt, doubten, dought, doughten, douti, dou\\u0292te, dut, duten, duti\", \"otherforms\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"[and other forms]\", \"name\": \"nb...\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"douter\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French douter\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"doter\"}, \"expansion\": \"doter\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"duter\"}, \"expansion\": \"duter\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"frm\", \"2\": \"doubter\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French doubter\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"dubit\\u0101re\", \"t\": \"to hesitate\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin dubit\\u0101re (\\u201cto hesitate\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"present\"}, \"expansion\": \"present\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"active\"}, \"expansion\": \"active\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"infinitive\"}, \"expansion\": \"infinitive\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"dubit\\u014d\", \"t\": \"to be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder\"}, \"expansion\": \"dubit\\u014d (\\u201cto be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"dubius\", \"t\": \"fluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain\"}, \"expansion\": \"dubius (\\u201cfluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"duhibius\", \"t\": \"held as two\"}, \"expansion\": \"duhibius (\\u201cheld as two\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"duo\", \"t\": \"two\"}, \"expansion\": \"duo (\\u201ctwo\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\", \"t\": \"two\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *dw\\u00f3h\\u2081 (\\u201ctwo\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"habe\\u014d\", \"t\": \"to have, hold\"}, \"expansion\": \"habe\\u014d (\\u201cto have, hold\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*g\\u02b0eh\\u2081b\\u02b0-\", \"t\": \"to grab, take\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *g\\u02b0eh\\u2081b\\u02b0- (\\u201cto grab, take\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"b\"}, \"expansion\": \"b\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"dout\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English dout\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"enm\", \"2\": \"doute\", \"t\": \"uncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;\"}, \"expansion\": \"doute (\\u201cuncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dewt, dote, doubt, doubte, dought, doughte, douthe, dou\\u0292te, dou\\u021dt, dou\\u021dte, dowght, dowt, dowte, dut, dute\", \"otherforms\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"[and other forms]\", \"name\": \"nb...\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"doute\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French doute\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"dote\"}, \"expansion\": \"dote\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"dute\", \"t\": \"uncertain feeling, doubt\"}, \"expansion\": \"dute (\\u201cuncertain feeling, doubt\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"doter\"}, \"expansion\": \"doter\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"douter\"}, \"expansion\": \"douter\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"duter\", \"t\": \"to doubt; to be afraid of, fear\"}, \"expansion\": \"duter (\\u201cto doubt; to be afraid of, fear\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"frm\", \"2\": \"doubter\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French doubter\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"douter\", \"t\": \"to doubt; to suspect\"}, \"expansion\": \"French douter (\\u201cto doubt; to suspect\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"\\u00b9\", \"name\": \"sup\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"tw\\u0113o\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"doubt\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English tw\\u0113o (\\u201cdoubt\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"noncog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"tw\\u0113o\\u0121an\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to doubt\"}, \"expansion\": \"tw\\u0113o\\u0121an (\\u201cto doubt\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"PIE word\\n *dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\\nThe verb is derived from Middle English douten (\\u201cto be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence\\u201d) [and other forms], from Old French douter, doter, duter (compare Middle French doubter), from Latin dubit\\u0101re (\\u201cto hesitate\\u201d), the present active infinitive of dubit\\u014d (\\u201cto be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder\\u201d); the further etymology is uncertain, but one theory is that dubit\\u014d may be derived from dubius (\\u201cfluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain\\u201d), from duhibius (\\u201cheld as two\\u201d), from duo (\\u201ctwo\\u201d) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dw\\u00f3h\\u2081 (\\u201ctwo\\u201d)) + habe\\u014d (\\u201cto have, hold\\u201d) (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *g\\u02b0eh\\u2081b\\u02b0- (\\u201cto grab, take\\u201d)). Although the Middle English form of the word was spelled without a b, this letter was later introduced through the influence of the Latin words dubit\\u0101re and dubit\\u014d. However, the English word continued to be pronounced without the b sound.\\nThe noun is derived from Middle English dout, doute (\\u201cuncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;\\u201d) [and other forms],\\nfrom Old French doute, dote, dute (\\u201cuncertain feeling, doubt\\u201d), from doter, douter, duter (\\u201cto doubt; to be afraid of, fear\\u201d) (compare Middle French doubter; modern French douter (\\u201cto doubt; to suspect\\u201d)); see further etymology above.\\nDisplaced Old English tw\\u0113o (\\u201cdoubt\\u201d) and tw\\u0113o\\u0121an (\\u201cto doubt\\u201d).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"doubts\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"doubting\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"doubted\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"doubted\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"doubt (third-person singular simple present doubts, present participle doubting, simple past and past participle doubted)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"dubiety\"}, {\"word\": \"dubious\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He doubted that was really what you meant.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"I had no wish to go, though I doubt if they would have noticed me even if I had.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"[1552?], Erasmus of Roterdame, \\u201cThe Seconde Rule. Capitulo x.\\u201d, in [William Tyndale], transl., Enchiridion Militis Christiani, which maye be Called in Englishe, the Hansome Weapon of a Christian Knight, [\\u2026], imprinted at London: [\\u2026] [B]y [J. Day (?) for] Abraham Ueale, \\u2192OCLC\", \"text\": \"Ther be but two wayes onely. The one whiche by followyng the affections ledeth to perdicion. The other whyche throughe the mortifyenge of the fle\\u017fhe: ledeth to lyfe, why doubte\\u017ft thou in thy \\u017felf: There is no thyrde way.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}, {\"ref\": \"1585 September 9, \\u201cHow a Man may Ivdge or Discerne of Him Self, vvhether He be a True Christian or Not. [\\u2026]\\u201d, in A Christian Directorie Gviding Men to Their Salvation. Devided into Three Bookes. [\\u2026], [Rouen]: [s.n.], \\u2192OCLC, pages 316\\u2013317\", \"text\": \"And as for that faith, vvhich is vvithout vvorkes, and yet \\u017feemeth to thes men to be \\u017fufficient for their \\u017faluation; he prote\\u017fteth, that it is \\u017fo vnprofitable, as he doubteth not to \\u017faye of hym\\u017felf; [...]\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}, {\"ref\": \"1594, Richard Hooker, \\u201cThe Second Booke. Concerning Their First Position who Vrge Reformation in the Church of England: Namely, that Scripture is the Only Rule of All Things which in this Life may be Done by Men.\\u201d, in Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, Eight Bookes, London: Printed by William Stansbye, published 1622, \\u2192OCLC, page 73\", \"text\": \"Now it is not required nor can be exacted at our hands, that we \\u017fhould yeeld vnto any thing other a\\u017f\\u017fent, then \\u017fuch as doth an\\u017fwer the euidence which is to be had of that wee a\\u017f\\u017fent to. For which cau\\u017fe euen in matters diuine, concerning \\u017fome things we may lawfully doubt and \\u017fu\\u017fpend our iudgement, inclining neyther to one \\u017fide or other, [...]\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}, {\"ref\": \"1913 June, J[ohn] A[rthur] R[ansome] Marriott, \\u201cThe Problem of Poverty\\u201d, in The Nineteenth Century and After: A Monthly Review, volume LXXIII, number CCCCXXXVI, New York, N.Y.: Leonard Scott Publication Co.; London: Spottiswoode & Co. Ltd., printers, \\u2192OCLC, section III, page 1262\", \"text\": \"As to the efficacy of such legislation and taxation a word may be said. No one doubts that it is possible, by the employment of such methods, to make the rich poorer. [...] But the really important question\\u2014for all serious-minded inquirers\\u2014is whether the employment of these weapons will diminish the poverty or increase the prosperity of the relatively poor.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}, {\"ref\": \"1915, [Gertrude Antoinette Woodcock Seibert], \\u201cThe Changed Cross\\u201d, in Poems of Dawn, New York, N.Y., London: Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, \\u2192OCLC, page 170\", \"text\": \"And thus no longer trusting to His might, / Who saith we \\\"walk by faith and not by sight,\\\" / Doubting, and almost yielding to despair, / The thought arose\\u2014My cross I cannot bear.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}, {\"ref\": \"1921 August, Howard P. Rockey, \\u201cThe Doubting Thomas\\u201d, in Orison Swett Marden, editor, The New Success: Marden\\u2019s Magazine: A Magazine of Optimism, Self-help and Encouragement, volume V, number 8, New York, N.Y.: Lowrey-Marden Corporation, \\u2192OCLC, part I, page 76, column 2\", \"text\": \"\\\"Your philosophy is very pretty,\\\" Tom Douty said slowly, \\\"but I can't help doubting that this is not the right time to start the new business.\\\"\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}, {\"ref\": \"1979, John Iliffe, \\u201cThe Crisis of Colonial Society, 1929\\u201345\\u201d, in A Modern History of Tanganyika (African Studies Series; 25), Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, published 1994, page 342\", \"text\": \"[B]oth colonisers and colonised lost faith in the colonisers' vision of the future. Europeans doubted whether their aims were attainable; Africans doubted whether they were desirable.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}, {\"ref\": \"2011, Kent Koppelman, \\u201cDiversity and Discrimination: The Argument over Affirmative Action\\u201d, in The Great Diversity Debate: Embracing Pluralism in School and Society, New York, N.Y.: Teachers College Press, page 99\", \"text\": \"In one study, 60% of Black students believed that their academic abilities were doubted by their White peers, and 60% felt that their White professors doubted them as well.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020 May 15, Robert Frost, Delphi Complete Works of Robert Frost (Illustrated) (Delphi Poets Series), Delphi Classics, \\u2192OCLC\", \"text\": \"We may doubt the just proportion of good to ill.\\nThere is much in nature against us. But we forget:\\nTake nature altogether since time began,\\nIncluding human nature, in peace and war,\\nAnd it must be a little more in favor of man,[\\u2026]\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To be undecided about; to lack confidence in; to disbelieve, to question.\"], \"links\": [[\"transitive\", \"transitive\"], [\"intransitive\", \"intransitive\"], [\"undecided\", \"undecided\"], [\"lack\", \"lack#Verb\"], [\"confidence\", \"confidence\"], [\"disbelieve\", \"disbelieve\"], [\"question\", \"question#Verb\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, intransitive) To be undecided about; to lack confidence in; to disbelieve, to question.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"distrust\"}, {\"word\": \"mistrust\"}], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"Scottish English\"], \"glosses\": [\"To harbour suspicion about; suspect.\"], \"links\": [[\"harbour\", \"harbour#Verb\"], [\"suspicion\", \"suspicion\"], [\"suspect\", \"suspect#Verb\"]], \"qualifier\": \"archaic outside Scotland\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, archaic outside Scotland) To harbour suspicion about; suspect.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To anticipate with dread or fear; to apprehend.\"], \"links\": [[\"anticipate\", \"anticipate\"], [\"dread\", \"dread#Noun\"], [\"fear\", \"fear#Noun\"], [\"apprehend\", \"apprehend\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, archaic) To anticipate with dread or fear; to apprehend.\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To fill with fear; to affright.\"], \"links\": [[\"fill\", \"fill#Verb\"], [\"affright\", \"affright\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, obsolete) To fill with fear; to affright.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"[1297, Robert of Gloucester, \\u201cEdmond\\u201d, in William Aldis Wright, editor, The Metrical Chronicle of Robert of Gloucester. [\\u2026] (Rerum Britannicarum Medii Aevi Scriptores; no. 86), part I (in Middle English), London: Printed for Her Majesty\\u2019s Stationery Office, by Eyre and Spottiswoode, [\\u2026], published 1887, \\u2192OCLC, page 408\", \"text\": \"Edmond a\\u00feelstones bro\\u00feer \\u00b7 after him was king \\u00b7 / Godmon & doutede \\u00b7 god \\u00feoru alle \\u00feing \\u00b7\\nEdmund, \\u00c6thelstan's brother \\u00b7 / after him was king \\u00b7 / [He was a] good man and feared \\u00b7 God through all things \\u00b7]\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}, {\"ref\": \"1798 February 27, William Short, \\u201cFrom William Short, 27 February [letter to Thomas Jefferson]\\u201d, in Barbara B. Oberg, editor, The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, volume 30 (1 January 1798 to 31 January 1799), Princeton, N.J., Woodstock, Oxfordshire: Princeton University Press, published 2003, page 152\", \"text\": \"[H]ow many good Christians are there, who consider themselves the beloved of Christ & the invariable followers of his gospel, who with all his precepts in their mind go to Africa, wrest the mother from the infant\\u2014the father from the wife\\u2014chain them to the whip & lash, they & their posterity for ever, nay hold this scourge in their own hand & inflict it with all the gout of their abominable appetites, & who do not doubt that they are violating the whole doctrine of the author of their religion\\u2014To what absurdities may not the human mind bring itself when this can be thought by them less offensive to God, than eating meat on a friday?\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To dread, to fear.\"], \"links\": [[\"transitive\", \"transitive\"], [\"intransitive\", \"intransitive\"], [\"dread\", \"dread#Verb\"], [\"fear\", \"fear#Verb\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, intransitive, obsolete) To dread, to fear.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/da\\u028at/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\", \"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/d\\u028c\\u028at/\", \"tags\": [\"Canada\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-a\\u028at\"}, {\"audio\": \"En-us-doubt.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/En-us-doubt.ogg/En-us-doubt.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/En-us-doubt.ogg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"], \"text\": \"Audio (GA)\"}, {\"enpr\": \"dout\", \"tags\": [\"Canada\"]}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"\\u0161akka\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0634\\u064e\\u0643\\u064e\\u0651\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kaskacel\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u056f\\u0561\\u057d\\u056f\\u0561\\u056e\\u0565\\u056c\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"tarakusel\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u057f\\u0561\\u0580\\u0561\\u056f\\u0578\\u0582\\u057d\\u0565\\u056c\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"varanel\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u057e\\u0561\\u0580\\u0561\\u0576\\u0565\\u056c\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"erkmtel\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0565\\u0580\\u056f\\u0574\\u057f\\u0565\\u056c\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"erkbayel\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0565\\u0580\\u056f\\u0562\\u0561\\u0575\\u0565\\u056c\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"erkbayanal\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0565\\u0580\\u056f\\u0562\\u0561\\u0575\\u0561\\u0576\\u0561\\u056c\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dudar\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"duldar\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"\\u015fikl\\u0259new\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0448\\u0438\\u043a\\u043b\\u04d9\\u043d\\u0435\\u04af\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"\\u015f\\u00f6bh\\u0259l\\u0259new\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0448\\u04e9\\u0431\\u04bb\\u04d9\\u043b\\u04d9\\u043d\\u0435\\u04af\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"ikel\\u0259new\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0438\\u043a\\u0435\\u043b\\u04d9\\u043d\\u0435\\u04af\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"duda egin\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"zalantza egin\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"zalantzatu\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"sumnjav\\u00e1cca\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"\\u0441\\u0443\\u043c\\u043d\\u044f\\u0432\\u0430\\u0301\\u0446\\u0446\\u0430\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"s\\u01cemnj\\u00e1vam se\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"\\u0441\\u044a\\u043c\\u043d\\u044f\\u0301\\u0432\\u0430\\u043c \\u0441\\u0435\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dubtar\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u61f7\\u7591\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"hu\\u00e1iy\\u00ed\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u6000\\u7591\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"y\\u00ed\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u7591\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u7591\\u616e\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"y\\u00edl\\u01dc\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u7591\\u8651\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"pochybovat\"}, {\"code\": \"dlm\", \"lang\": \"Dalmatian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dobitur\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"betvivle\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"tvivle\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"betwijfelen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"twijfelen\"}, {\"code\": \"ovd\", \"lang\": \"Elfdalian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"twivel\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dubi\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"k\\u00f5hklema\"}, {\"code\": \"fan\", \"lang\": \"Fang (Bantu)\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u00e1s\\u00f3o\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"ivast\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"ep\\u00e4ill\\u00e4\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"kyseenalaistaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"douter\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dubidar\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"dae\\u010d\\u0323veba\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u10d3\\u10d0\\u10d4\\u10ed\\u10d5\\u10d4\\u10d1\\u10d0\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"e\\u010d\\u0323vis \\u0161e\\u1e6dana\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u10d4\\u10ed\\u10d5\\u10d8\\u10e1 \\u10e8\\u10d4\\u10e2\\u10d0\\u10dc\\u10d0\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"bezweifeln\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"zweifeln\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"amfiv\\u00e1llo\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u03b1\\u03bc\\u03c6\\u03b9\\u03b2\\u03ac\\u03bb\\u03bb\\u03c9\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"apist\\u00e9\\u014d\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u1f00\\u03c0\\u03b9\\u03c3\\u03c4\\u03ad\\u03c9\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"qularpoq\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"lefakpek\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u05dc\\u05b0\\u05e4\\u05b7\\u05e7\\u05e4\\u05b5\\u05bc\\u05e7\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"sandeh karn\\u0101\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0938\\u0902\\u0926\\u0947\\u0939 \\u0915\\u0930\\u0928\\u093e\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"k\\u00e9telkedik\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"k\\u00e9tell\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"k\\u00e9ts\\u00e9gbe von\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"megk\\u00e9rd\\u0151jelez\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"efa\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"efast\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dubitar\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"bimbang\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"meragukan\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"ragu\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"ragu akan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dubitare\"}, {\"alt\": \"\\u3075\\u3057\\u3093\\u306b\\u304a\\u3082\\u3046\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"fushin ni omou\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u4e0d\\u5be9\\u306b\\u601d\\u3046\"}, {\"alt\": \"\\u304e\\u3082\\u3093\\u3059\\u308b\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"gimon suru\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u7591\\u554f\\u3059\\u308b\"}, {\"alt\": \"\\u3044\\u3076\\u304b\\u3057\\u3080\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ibukashimu\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u8a1d\\u3057\\u3080\"}, {\"alt\": \"\\u3046\\u305f\\u304c\\u3046\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"utagau\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u7591\\u3046\"}, {\"code\": \"kea\", \"lang\": \"Kabuverdianu\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"diskunfia\"}, {\"code\": \"kea\", \"lang\": \"Kabuverdianu\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"deskonfi\\u00e1\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"s\\u0251\\u014bsay\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u179f\\u1784\\u17d2\\u179f\\u17d0\\u1799\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"uisimhada\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\uc758\\uc2ec\\ud558\\ub2e4\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dubitare\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0161aub\\u012bties\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"abejoti\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dvejoti\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"zweiwelen\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"se somneva\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0441\\u0435 \\u0441\\u043e\\u043c\\u043d\\u0435\\u0432\\u0430\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"sa\\u1e41\\u015bayikkuka\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0d38\\u0d02\\u0d36\\u0d2f\\u0d3f\\u0d15\\u0d4d\\u0d15\\u0d41\\u0d15\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"kumukumu\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"raupeka\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"se\\u017eiglex\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0441\\u044d\\u0436\\u0438\\u0433\\u043b\\u044d\\u0445\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"ergelzex\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u044d\\u0440\\u0433\\u044d\\u043b\\u0437\\u044d\\u0445\"}, {\"code\": \"se\", \"lang\": \"Northern Sami\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"eahpidit\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokm\\u00e5l\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"tvile\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"tvila\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"tw\\u0113o\\u0121an\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"w\\u0105tpi\\u0107\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"zw\\u0105tpi\\u0107\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"pow\\u0105tpiewa\\u0107\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"duvidar\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"avea dubii\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"se \\u00eendoi\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dubitar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"note\": \"\\u0441\\u043e\\u043c\\u043d\\u0435\\u0432\\u0430\\u0301\\u0442\\u044c\\u0441\\u044f impf (somnev\\u00e1t\\u02b9sja) (\\u0432 + prepositional case)\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"\\u015ba\\u1e45ke\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0936\\u0919\\u094d\\u0915\\u0947\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"cuir teagamh\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"\\u0441\\u0443\\u043c\\u045a\\u0430\\u0442\\u0438\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"sumnjati\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"pochybova\\u0165\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"dvomiti\"}, {\"code\": \"hsb\", \"lang\": \"Upper Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dw\\u011blowa\\u0107\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dudar\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"-shuku\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"tvivla\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"alinlangan\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"duda\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"sand\\u0113hi\\u00f1cu\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0c38\\u0c02\\u0c26\\u0c47\\u0c39\\u0c3f\\u0c02\\u0c1a\\u0c41\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"\\u015ba\\u1e45ki\\u00f1cu\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0c36\\u0c02\\u0c15\\u0c3f\\u0c02\\u0c1a\\u0c41\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"s\\u01d2ng-s\\u01cei\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0e2a\\u0e07\\u0e2a\\u0e31\\u0e22\"}, {\"code\": \"txb\", \"lang\": \"Tocharian B\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"kl\\u00e4nk-\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u015f\\u00fcphelenmek\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"ku\\u015fkulanmak\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"sumniv\\u00e1tysja\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"\\u0441\\u0443\\u043c\\u043d\\u0456\\u0432\\u0430\\u0301\\u0442\\u0438\\u0441\\u044f\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"nghi ng\\u1edd\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"amau\"}], \"word\": \"doubt\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "doubt",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "XYZunsorted",
"msg": "doubt/English/verb: 'expansion' should contain a non-empty string: {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"catlangname\"}: {\"categories\": [\"American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts\", \"English 1-syllable words\", \"English 2-syllable words\", \"English contranyms\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English entries with language name categories using raw markup\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English reporting verbs\", \"English stative verbs\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *g\\u02b0eh\\u2081b\\u02b0-\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"English terms with audio links\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Rhymes:English/a\\u028at\", \"Rhymes:English/a\\u028at/1 syllable\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"doubtable\"}, {\"word\": \"doubter\"}, {\"word\": \"doubting\"}, {\"word\": \"doubtingly\"}, {\"word\": \"doubting Thomas\"}, {\"word\": \"doubting Thomasina\"}, {\"word\": \"undoubted\"}, {\"word\": \"undoubtedly\"}, {\"word\": \"undoubting\"}, {\"word\": \"undoubtingly\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ine-pro\", \"2\": \"*dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\"}, \"expansion\": \"*dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\", \"name\": \"l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"catlangname\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\"}, \"expansion\": \"PIE word\\n *dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\", \"name\": \"PIE word\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*g\\u02b0eh\\u2081b\\u02b0-\"}, \"expansion\": \"[Template:root]\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"douten\", \"t\": \"to be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English douten (\\u201cto be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"doubt, doubten, dought, doughten, douti, dou\\u0292te, dut, duten, duti\", \"otherforms\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"[and other forms]\", \"name\": \"nb...\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"douter\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French douter\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"doter\"}, \"expansion\": \"doter\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"duter\"}, \"expansion\": \"duter\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"frm\", \"2\": \"doubter\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French doubter\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"dubit\\u0101re\", \"t\": \"to hesitate\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin dubit\\u0101re (\\u201cto hesitate\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"present\"}, \"expansion\": \"present\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"active\"}, \"expansion\": \"active\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"infinitive\"}, \"expansion\": \"infinitive\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"dubit\\u014d\", \"t\": \"to be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder\"}, \"expansion\": \"dubit\\u014d (\\u201cto be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"dubius\", \"t\": \"fluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain\"}, \"expansion\": \"dubius (\\u201cfluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"duhibius\", \"t\": \"held as two\"}, \"expansion\": \"duhibius (\\u201cheld as two\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"duo\", \"t\": \"two\"}, \"expansion\": \"duo (\\u201ctwo\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\", \"t\": \"two\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *dw\\u00f3h\\u2081 (\\u201ctwo\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"habe\\u014d\", \"t\": \"to have, hold\"}, \"expansion\": \"habe\\u014d (\\u201cto have, hold\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*g\\u02b0eh\\u2081b\\u02b0-\", \"t\": \"to grab, take\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *g\\u02b0eh\\u2081b\\u02b0- (\\u201cto grab, take\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"b\"}, \"expansion\": \"b\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"dout\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English dout\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"enm\", \"2\": \"doute\", \"t\": \"uncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;\"}, \"expansion\": \"doute (\\u201cuncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dewt, dote, doubt, doubte, dought, doughte, douthe, dou\\u0292te, dou\\u021dt, dou\\u021dte, dowght, dowt, dowte, dut, dute\", \"otherforms\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"[and other forms]\", \"name\": \"nb...\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"doute\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French doute\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"dote\"}, \"expansion\": \"dote\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"dute\", \"t\": \"uncertain feeling, doubt\"}, \"expansion\": \"dute (\\u201cuncertain feeling, doubt\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"doter\"}, \"expansion\": \"doter\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"douter\"}, \"expansion\": \"douter\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"duter\", \"t\": \"to doubt; to be afraid of, fear\"}, \"expansion\": \"duter (\\u201cto doubt; to be afraid of, fear\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"frm\", \"2\": \"doubter\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French doubter\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"douter\", \"t\": \"to doubt; to suspect\"}, \"expansion\": \"French douter (\\u201cto doubt; to suspect\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"\\u00b9\", \"name\": \"sup\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"tw\\u0113o\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"doubt\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English tw\\u0113o (\\u201cdoubt\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"noncog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"tw\\u0113o\\u0121an\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to doubt\"}, \"expansion\": \"tw\\u0113o\\u0121an (\\u201cto doubt\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"PIE word\\n *dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\\nThe verb is derived from Middle English douten (\\u201cto be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence\\u201d) [and other forms], from Old French douter, doter, duter (compare Middle French doubter), from Latin dubit\\u0101re (\\u201cto hesitate\\u201d), the present active infinitive of dubit\\u014d (\\u201cto be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder\\u201d); the further etymology is uncertain, but one theory is that dubit\\u014d may be derived from dubius (\\u201cfluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain\\u201d), from duhibius (\\u201cheld as two\\u201d), from duo (\\u201ctwo\\u201d) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dw\\u00f3h\\u2081 (\\u201ctwo\\u201d)) + habe\\u014d (\\u201cto have, hold\\u201d) (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *g\\u02b0eh\\u2081b\\u02b0- (\\u201cto grab, take\\u201d)). Although the Middle English form of the word was spelled without a b, this letter was later introduced through the influence of the Latin words dubit\\u0101re and dubit\\u014d. However, the English word continued to be pronounced without the b sound.\\nThe noun is derived from Middle English dout, doute (\\u201cuncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;\\u201d) [and other forms],\\nfrom Old French doute, dote, dute (\\u201cuncertain feeling, doubt\\u201d), from doter, douter, duter (\\u201cto doubt; to be afraid of, fear\\u201d) (compare Middle French doubter; modern French douter (\\u201cto doubt; to suspect\\u201d)); see further etymology above.\\nDisplaced Old English tw\\u0113o (\\u201cdoubt\\u201d) and tw\\u0113o\\u0121an (\\u201cto doubt\\u201d).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"doubts\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"doubting\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"doubted\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"doubted\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"doubt (third-person singular simple present doubts, present participle doubting, simple past and past participle doubted)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"dubiety\"}, {\"word\": \"dubious\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He doubted that was really what you meant.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"I had no wish to go, though I doubt if they would have noticed me even if I had.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"[1552?], Erasmus of Roterdame, \\u201cThe Seconde Rule. Capitulo x.\\u201d, in [William Tyndale], transl., Enchiridion Militis Christiani, which maye be Called in Englishe, the Hansome Weapon of a Christian Knight, [\\u2026], imprinted at London: [\\u2026] [B]y [J. Day (?) for] Abraham Ueale, \\u2192OCLC\", \"text\": \"Ther be but two wayes onely. The one whiche by followyng the affections ledeth to perdicion. The other whyche throughe the mortifyenge of the fle\\u017fhe: ledeth to lyfe, why doubte\\u017ft thou in thy \\u017felf: There is no thyrde way.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}, {\"ref\": \"1585 September 9, \\u201cHow a Man may Ivdge or Discerne of Him Self, vvhether He be a True Christian or Not. [\\u2026]\\u201d, in A Christian Directorie Gviding Men to Their Salvation. Devided into Three Bookes. [\\u2026], [Rouen]: [s.n.], \\u2192OCLC, pages 316\\u2013317\", \"text\": \"And as for that faith, vvhich is vvithout vvorkes, and yet \\u017feemeth to thes men to be \\u017fufficient for their \\u017faluation; he prote\\u017fteth, that it is \\u017fo vnprofitable, as he doubteth not to \\u017faye of hym\\u017felf; [...]\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}, {\"ref\": \"1594, Richard Hooker, \\u201cThe Second Booke. Concerning Their First Position who Vrge Reformation in the Church of England: Namely, that Scripture is the Only Rule of All Things which in this Life may be Done by Men.\\u201d, in Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, Eight Bookes, London: Printed by William Stansbye, published 1622, \\u2192OCLC, page 73\", \"text\": \"Now it is not required nor can be exacted at our hands, that we \\u017fhould yeeld vnto any thing other a\\u017f\\u017fent, then \\u017fuch as doth an\\u017fwer the euidence which is to be had of that wee a\\u017f\\u017fent to. For which cau\\u017fe euen in matters diuine, concerning \\u017fome things we may lawfully doubt and \\u017fu\\u017fpend our iudgement, inclining neyther to one \\u017fide or other, [...]\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}, {\"ref\": \"1913 June, J[ohn] A[rthur] R[ansome] Marriott, \\u201cThe Problem of Poverty\\u201d, in The Nineteenth Century and After: A Monthly Review, volume LXXIII, number CCCCXXXVI, New York, N.Y.: Leonard Scott Publication Co.; London: Spottiswoode & Co. Ltd., printers, \\u2192OCLC, section III, page 1262\", \"text\": \"As to the efficacy of such legislation and taxation a word may be said. No one doubts that it is possible, by the employment of such methods, to make the rich poorer. [...] But the really important question\\u2014for all serious-minded inquirers\\u2014is whether the employment of these weapons will diminish the poverty or increase the prosperity of the relatively poor.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}, {\"ref\": \"1915, [Gertrude Antoinette Woodcock Seibert], \\u201cThe Changed Cross\\u201d, in Poems of Dawn, New York, N.Y., London: Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, \\u2192OCLC, page 170\", \"text\": \"And thus no longer trusting to His might, / Who saith we \\\"walk by faith and not by sight,\\\" / Doubting, and almost yielding to despair, / The thought arose\\u2014My cross I cannot bear.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}, {\"ref\": \"1921 August, Howard P. Rockey, \\u201cThe Doubting Thomas\\u201d, in Orison Swett Marden, editor, The New Success: Marden\\u2019s Magazine: A Magazine of Optimism, Self-help and Encouragement, volume V, number 8, New York, N.Y.: Lowrey-Marden Corporation, \\u2192OCLC, part I, page 76, column 2\", \"text\": \"\\\"Your philosophy is very pretty,\\\" Tom Douty said slowly, \\\"but I can't help doubting that this is not the right time to start the new business.\\\"\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}, {\"ref\": \"1979, John Iliffe, \\u201cThe Crisis of Colonial Society, 1929\\u201345\\u201d, in A Modern History of Tanganyika (African Studies Series; 25), Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, published 1994, page 342\", \"text\": \"[B]oth colonisers and colonised lost faith in the colonisers' vision of the future. Europeans doubted whether their aims were attainable; Africans doubted whether they were desirable.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}, {\"ref\": \"2011, Kent Koppelman, \\u201cDiversity and Discrimination: The Argument over Affirmative Action\\u201d, in The Great Diversity Debate: Embracing Pluralism in School and Society, New York, N.Y.: Teachers College Press, page 99\", \"text\": \"In one study, 60% of Black students believed that their academic abilities were doubted by their White peers, and 60% felt that their White professors doubted them as well.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020 May 15, Robert Frost, Delphi Complete Works of Robert Frost (Illustrated) (Delphi Poets Series), Delphi Classics, \\u2192OCLC\", \"text\": \"We may doubt the just proportion of good to ill.\\nThere is much in nature against us. But we forget:\\nTake nature altogether since time began,\\nIncluding human nature, in peace and war,\\nAnd it must be a little more in favor of man,[\\u2026]\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To be undecided about; to lack confidence in; to disbelieve, to question.\"], \"links\": [[\"transitive\", \"transitive\"], [\"intransitive\", \"intransitive\"], [\"undecided\", \"undecided\"], [\"lack\", \"lack#Verb\"], [\"confidence\", \"confidence\"], [\"disbelieve\", \"disbelieve\"], [\"question\", \"question#Verb\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, intransitive) To be undecided about; to lack confidence in; to disbelieve, to question.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"distrust\"}, {\"word\": \"mistrust\"}], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"Scottish English\"], \"glosses\": [\"To harbour suspicion about; suspect.\"], \"links\": [[\"harbour\", \"harbour#Verb\"], [\"suspicion\", \"suspicion\"], [\"suspect\", \"suspect#Verb\"]], \"qualifier\": \"archaic outside Scotland\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, archaic outside Scotland) To harbour suspicion about; suspect.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To anticipate with dread or fear; to apprehend.\"], \"links\": [[\"anticipate\", \"anticipate\"], [\"dread\", \"dread#Noun\"], [\"fear\", \"fear#Noun\"], [\"apprehend\", \"apprehend\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, archaic) To anticipate with dread or fear; to apprehend.\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To fill with fear; to affright.\"], \"links\": [[\"fill\", \"fill#Verb\"], [\"affright\", \"affright\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, obsolete) To fill with fear; to affright.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"[1297, Robert of Gloucester, \\u201cEdmond\\u201d, in William Aldis Wright, editor, The Metrical Chronicle of Robert of Gloucester. [\\u2026] (Rerum Britannicarum Medii Aevi Scriptores; no. 86), part I (in Middle English), London: Printed for Her Majesty\\u2019s Stationery Office, by Eyre and Spottiswoode, [\\u2026], published 1887, \\u2192OCLC, page 408\", \"text\": \"Edmond a\\u00feelstones bro\\u00feer \\u00b7 after him was king \\u00b7 / Godmon & doutede \\u00b7 god \\u00feoru alle \\u00feing \\u00b7\\nEdmund, \\u00c6thelstan's brother \\u00b7 / after him was king \\u00b7 / [He was a] good man and feared \\u00b7 God through all things \\u00b7]\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}, {\"ref\": \"1798 February 27, William Short, \\u201cFrom William Short, 27 February [letter to Thomas Jefferson]\\u201d, in Barbara B. Oberg, editor, The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, volume 30 (1 January 1798 to 31 January 1799), Princeton, N.J., Woodstock, Oxfordshire: Princeton University Press, published 2003, page 152\", \"text\": \"[H]ow many good Christians are there, who consider themselves the beloved of Christ & the invariable followers of his gospel, who with all his precepts in their mind go to Africa, wrest the mother from the infant\\u2014the father from the wife\\u2014chain them to the whip & lash, they & their posterity for ever, nay hold this scourge in their own hand & inflict it with all the gout of their abominable appetites, & who do not doubt that they are violating the whole doctrine of the author of their religion\\u2014To what absurdities may not the human mind bring itself when this can be thought by them less offensive to God, than eating meat on a friday?\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To dread, to fear.\"], \"links\": [[\"transitive\", \"transitive\"], [\"intransitive\", \"intransitive\"], [\"dread\", \"dread#Verb\"], [\"fear\", \"fear#Verb\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, intransitive, obsolete) To dread, to fear.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/da\\u028at/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\", \"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/d\\u028c\\u028at/\", \"tags\": [\"Canada\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-a\\u028at\"}, {\"audio\": \"En-us-doubt.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/En-us-doubt.ogg/En-us-doubt.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/En-us-doubt.ogg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"], \"text\": \"Audio (GA)\"}, {\"enpr\": \"dout\", \"tags\": [\"Canada\"]}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"\\u0161akka\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0634\\u064e\\u0643\\u064e\\u0651\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kaskacel\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u056f\\u0561\\u057d\\u056f\\u0561\\u056e\\u0565\\u056c\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"tarakusel\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u057f\\u0561\\u0580\\u0561\\u056f\\u0578\\u0582\\u057d\\u0565\\u056c\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"varanel\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u057e\\u0561\\u0580\\u0561\\u0576\\u0565\\u056c\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"erkmtel\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0565\\u0580\\u056f\\u0574\\u057f\\u0565\\u056c\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"erkbayel\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0565\\u0580\\u056f\\u0562\\u0561\\u0575\\u0565\\u056c\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"erkbayanal\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0565\\u0580\\u056f\\u0562\\u0561\\u0575\\u0561\\u0576\\u0561\\u056c\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dudar\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"duldar\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"\\u015fikl\\u0259new\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0448\\u0438\\u043a\\u043b\\u04d9\\u043d\\u0435\\u04af\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"\\u015f\\u00f6bh\\u0259l\\u0259new\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0448\\u04e9\\u0431\\u04bb\\u04d9\\u043b\\u04d9\\u043d\\u0435\\u04af\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"ikel\\u0259new\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0438\\u043a\\u0435\\u043b\\u04d9\\u043d\\u0435\\u04af\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"duda egin\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"zalantza egin\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"zalantzatu\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"sumnjav\\u00e1cca\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"\\u0441\\u0443\\u043c\\u043d\\u044f\\u0432\\u0430\\u0301\\u0446\\u0446\\u0430\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"s\\u01cemnj\\u00e1vam se\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"\\u0441\\u044a\\u043c\\u043d\\u044f\\u0301\\u0432\\u0430\\u043c \\u0441\\u0435\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dubtar\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u61f7\\u7591\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"hu\\u00e1iy\\u00ed\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u6000\\u7591\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"y\\u00ed\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u7591\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u7591\\u616e\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"y\\u00edl\\u01dc\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u7591\\u8651\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"pochybovat\"}, {\"code\": \"dlm\", \"lang\": \"Dalmatian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dobitur\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"betvivle\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"tvivle\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"betwijfelen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"twijfelen\"}, {\"code\": \"ovd\", \"lang\": \"Elfdalian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"twivel\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dubi\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"k\\u00f5hklema\"}, {\"code\": \"fan\", \"lang\": \"Fang (Bantu)\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u00e1s\\u00f3o\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"ivast\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"ep\\u00e4ill\\u00e4\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"kyseenalaistaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"douter\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dubidar\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"dae\\u010d\\u0323veba\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u10d3\\u10d0\\u10d4\\u10ed\\u10d5\\u10d4\\u10d1\\u10d0\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"e\\u010d\\u0323vis \\u0161e\\u1e6dana\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u10d4\\u10ed\\u10d5\\u10d8\\u10e1 \\u10e8\\u10d4\\u10e2\\u10d0\\u10dc\\u10d0\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"bezweifeln\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"zweifeln\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"amfiv\\u00e1llo\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u03b1\\u03bc\\u03c6\\u03b9\\u03b2\\u03ac\\u03bb\\u03bb\\u03c9\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"apist\\u00e9\\u014d\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u1f00\\u03c0\\u03b9\\u03c3\\u03c4\\u03ad\\u03c9\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"qularpoq\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"lefakpek\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u05dc\\u05b0\\u05e4\\u05b7\\u05e7\\u05e4\\u05b5\\u05bc\\u05e7\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"sandeh karn\\u0101\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0938\\u0902\\u0926\\u0947\\u0939 \\u0915\\u0930\\u0928\\u093e\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"k\\u00e9telkedik\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"k\\u00e9tell\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"k\\u00e9ts\\u00e9gbe von\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"megk\\u00e9rd\\u0151jelez\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"efa\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"efast\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dubitar\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"bimbang\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"meragukan\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"ragu\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"ragu akan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dubitare\"}, {\"alt\": \"\\u3075\\u3057\\u3093\\u306b\\u304a\\u3082\\u3046\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"fushin ni omou\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u4e0d\\u5be9\\u306b\\u601d\\u3046\"}, {\"alt\": \"\\u304e\\u3082\\u3093\\u3059\\u308b\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"gimon suru\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u7591\\u554f\\u3059\\u308b\"}, {\"alt\": \"\\u3044\\u3076\\u304b\\u3057\\u3080\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ibukashimu\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u8a1d\\u3057\\u3080\"}, {\"alt\": \"\\u3046\\u305f\\u304c\\u3046\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"utagau\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u7591\\u3046\"}, {\"code\": \"kea\", \"lang\": \"Kabuverdianu\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"diskunfia\"}, {\"code\": \"kea\", \"lang\": \"Kabuverdianu\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"deskonfi\\u00e1\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"s\\u0251\\u014bsay\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u179f\\u1784\\u17d2\\u179f\\u17d0\\u1799\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"uisimhada\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\uc758\\uc2ec\\ud558\\ub2e4\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dubitare\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0161aub\\u012bties\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"abejoti\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dvejoti\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"zweiwelen\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"se somneva\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0441\\u0435 \\u0441\\u043e\\u043c\\u043d\\u0435\\u0432\\u0430\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"sa\\u1e41\\u015bayikkuka\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0d38\\u0d02\\u0d36\\u0d2f\\u0d3f\\u0d15\\u0d4d\\u0d15\\u0d41\\u0d15\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"kumukumu\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"raupeka\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"se\\u017eiglex\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0441\\u044d\\u0436\\u0438\\u0433\\u043b\\u044d\\u0445\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"ergelzex\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u044d\\u0440\\u0433\\u044d\\u043b\\u0437\\u044d\\u0445\"}, {\"code\": \"se\", \"lang\": \"Northern Sami\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"eahpidit\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokm\\u00e5l\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"tvile\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"tvila\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"tw\\u0113o\\u0121an\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"w\\u0105tpi\\u0107\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"zw\\u0105tpi\\u0107\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"pow\\u0105tpiewa\\u0107\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"duvidar\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"avea dubii\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"se \\u00eendoi\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dubitar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"note\": \"\\u0441\\u043e\\u043c\\u043d\\u0435\\u0432\\u0430\\u0301\\u0442\\u044c\\u0441\\u044f impf (somnev\\u00e1t\\u02b9sja) (\\u0432 + prepositional case)\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"\\u015ba\\u1e45ke\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0936\\u0919\\u094d\\u0915\\u0947\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"cuir teagamh\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"\\u0441\\u0443\\u043c\\u045a\\u0430\\u0442\\u0438\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"sumnjati\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"pochybova\\u0165\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"dvomiti\"}, {\"code\": \"hsb\", \"lang\": \"Upper Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dw\\u011blowa\\u0107\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"dudar\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"-shuku\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"tvivla\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"alinlangan\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"duda\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"sand\\u0113hi\\u00f1cu\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0c38\\u0c02\\u0c26\\u0c47\\u0c39\\u0c3f\\u0c02\\u0c1a\\u0c41\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"\\u015ba\\u1e45ki\\u00f1cu\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0c36\\u0c02\\u0c15\\u0c3f\\u0c02\\u0c1a\\u0c41\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"s\\u01d2ng-s\\u01cei\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u0e2a\\u0e07\\u0e2a\\u0e31\\u0e22\"}, {\"code\": \"txb\", \"lang\": \"Tocharian B\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"kl\\u00e4nk-\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"\\u015f\\u00fcphelenmek\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"ku\\u015fkulanmak\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"sumniv\\u00e1tysja\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"\\u0441\\u0443\\u043c\\u043d\\u0456\\u0432\\u0430\\u0301\\u0442\\u0438\\u0441\\u044f\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"nghi ng\\u1edd\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"to lack confidence in\", \"word\": \"amau\"}], \"word\": \"doubt\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "doubt",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "XYZunsorted",
"msg": "doubt/English/noun: 'expansion' should contain a non-empty string: {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"catlangname\"}: {\"categories\": [\"American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts\", \"English 1-syllable words\", \"English 2-syllable words\", \"English contranyms\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with language name categories using raw markup\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English reporting verbs\", \"English stative verbs\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *g\\u02b0eh\\u2081b\\u02b0-\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"English terms with audio links\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Rhymes:English/a\\u028at\", \"Rhymes:English/a\\u028at/1 syllable\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"benefit of doubt\"}, {\"word\": \"benefit of the doubt\"}, {\"word\": \"beyond a reasonable doubt\"}, {\"word\": \"beyond a shadow of a doubt\"}, {\"word\": \"beyond a shadow of doubt\"}, {\"word\": \"beyond doubt\"}, {\"word\": \"beyond reasonable doubt\"}, {\"word\": \"beyond the shadow of a doubt\"}, {\"word\": \"call into doubt\"}, {\"word\": \"Cartesian doubt\"}, {\"word\": \"doubtful\"}, {\"word\": \"doubtless\"}, {\"word\": \"in doubt\"}, {\"word\": \"little doubt\"}, {\"word\": \"no-doubt\"}, {\"word\": \"no doubt\"}, {\"word\": \"reasonable doubt\"}, {\"word\": \"room for doubt\"}, {\"word\": \"self-doubt\"}, {\"word\": \"shadow of a doubt\"}, {\"word\": \"without a doubt\"}, {\"word\": \"without a shadow of a doubt\"}, {\"word\": \"without doubt\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ine-pro\", \"2\": \"*dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\"}, \"expansion\": \"*dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\", \"name\": \"l\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"catlangname\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\"}, \"expansion\": \"PIE word\\n *dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\", \"name\": \"PIE word\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*g\\u02b0eh\\u2081b\\u02b0-\"}, \"expansion\": \"[Template:root]\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"douten\", \"t\": \"to be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English douten (\\u201cto be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"doubt, doubten, dought, doughten, douti, dou\\u0292te, dut, duten, duti\", \"otherforms\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"[and other forms]\", \"name\": \"nb...\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"douter\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French douter\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"doter\"}, \"expansion\": \"doter\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"duter\"}, \"expansion\": \"duter\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"frm\", \"2\": \"doubter\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French doubter\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"dubit\\u0101re\", \"t\": \"to hesitate\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin dubit\\u0101re (\\u201cto hesitate\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"present\"}, \"expansion\": \"present\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"active\"}, \"expansion\": \"active\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"infinitive\"}, \"expansion\": \"infinitive\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"dubit\\u014d\", \"t\": \"to be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder\"}, \"expansion\": \"dubit\\u014d (\\u201cto be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"dubius\", \"t\": \"fluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain\"}, \"expansion\": \"dubius (\\u201cfluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"duhibius\", \"t\": \"held as two\"}, \"expansion\": \"duhibius (\\u201cheld as two\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"duo\", \"t\": \"two\"}, \"expansion\": \"duo (\\u201ctwo\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\", \"t\": \"two\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *dw\\u00f3h\\u2081 (\\u201ctwo\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"habe\\u014d\", \"t\": \"to have, hold\"}, \"expansion\": \"habe\\u014d (\\u201cto have, hold\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*g\\u02b0eh\\u2081b\\u02b0-\", \"t\": \"to grab, take\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *g\\u02b0eh\\u2081b\\u02b0- (\\u201cto grab, take\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"b\"}, \"expansion\": \"b\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"dout\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English dout\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"enm\", \"2\": \"doute\", \"t\": \"uncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;\"}, \"expansion\": \"doute (\\u201cuncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dewt, dote, doubt, doubte, dought, doughte, douthe, dou\\u0292te, dou\\u021dt, dou\\u021dte, dowght, dowt, dowte, dut, dute\", \"otherforms\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"[and other forms]\", \"name\": \"nb...\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"doute\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French doute\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"dote\"}, \"expansion\": \"dote\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"dute\", \"t\": \"uncertain feeling, doubt\"}, \"expansion\": \"dute (\\u201cuncertain feeling, doubt\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"doter\"}, \"expansion\": \"doter\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"douter\"}, \"expansion\": \"douter\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"duter\", \"t\": \"to doubt; to be afraid of, fear\"}, \"expansion\": \"duter (\\u201cto doubt; to be afraid of, fear\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"frm\", \"2\": \"doubter\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French doubter\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"douter\", \"t\": \"to doubt; to suspect\"}, \"expansion\": \"French douter (\\u201cto doubt; to suspect\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"\\u00b9\", \"name\": \"sup\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"tw\\u0113o\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"doubt\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English tw\\u0113o (\\u201cdoubt\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"noncog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"tw\\u0113o\\u0121an\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to doubt\"}, \"expansion\": \"tw\\u0113o\\u0121an (\\u201cto doubt\\u201d)\", \"name\": \"m\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"PIE word\\n *dw\\u00f3h\\u2081\\nThe verb is derived from Middle English douten (\\u201cto be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence\\u201d) [and other forms], from Old French douter, doter, duter (compare Middle French doubter), from Latin dubit\\u0101re (\\u201cto hesitate\\u201d), the present active infinitive of dubit\\u014d (\\u201cto be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder\\u201d); the further etymology is uncertain, but one theory is that dubit\\u014d may be derived from dubius (\\u201cfluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain\\u201d), from duhibius (\\u201cheld as two\\u201d), from duo (\\u201ctwo\\u201d) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dw\\u00f3h\\u2081 (\\u201ctwo\\u201d)) + habe\\u014d (\\u201cto have, hold\\u201d) (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *g\\u02b0eh\\u2081b\\u02b0- (\\u201cto grab, take\\u201d)). Although the Middle English form of the word was spelled without a b, this letter was later introduced through the influence of the Latin words dubit\\u0101re and dubit\\u014d. However, the English word continued to be pronounced without the b sound.\\nThe noun is derived from Middle English dout, doute (\\u201cuncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;\\u201d) [and other forms],\\nfrom Old French doute, dote, dute (\\u201cuncertain feeling, doubt\\u201d), from doter, douter, duter (\\u201cto doubt; to be afraid of, fear\\u201d) (compare Middle French doubter; modern French douter (\\u201cto doubt; to suspect\\u201d)); see further etymology above.\\nDisplaced Old English tw\\u0113o (\\u201cdoubt\\u201d) and tw\\u0113o\\u0121an (\\u201cto doubt\\u201d).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"doubts\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"doubt (countable and uncountable, plural doubts)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"antonyms\": [{\"word\": \"belief\"}, {\"word\": \"confidence\"}, {\"word\": \"faith\"}], \"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"English uncountable nouns\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"There was some doubt as to who the child's real father was.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"I have doubts about how to convert this code to JavaScript.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1990, Richard Foley, \\u201cSkepticism and Rationality\\u201d, in Michael D. Roth, Glenn Ross, editors, Doubting: Contemporary Perspectives on Skepticism (Philosophical Studies Series; 48), Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, \\u2192DOI, part 1 (Concessions), page 73\", \"text\": \"After all, the search for such assurances will itself require us to marshall our cognitive resources. It will itself involve the use of methods about which we can sensibly have doubts, doubts that cannot be addressed without begging the question.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Disbelief or uncertainty (about something); (countable) a particular instance of such disbelief or uncertainty.\"], \"links\": [[\"Disbelief\", \"disbelief\"], [\"uncertainty\", \"uncertainty\"], [\"instance\", \"instance#Noun\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(uncountable, countable) Disbelief or uncertainty (about something); (countable) a particular instance of such disbelief or uncertainty.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"antonyms\": [{\"word\": \"belief\"}, {\"word\": \"tenet\"}], \"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Indian English\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2006 July 12, Vishy, \\u201cVishy's Indian English Dictionary: doubt\\u201d, in Vishy's Indian English Dictionary, archived from the original on 2008-03-09\", \"text\": \"It is entirely normal to hear a statement like \\\"I have just one doubt, miss\\\" or \\\"If you have any doubts before the exam tomorrow, come see me in the staff room\\\". The doubts in the aforementioned sentences are not as much rooted in a lack of faith as in a lack of understanding.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A point of uncertainty; a query.\"], \"links\": [[\"point\", \"point#Noun\"], [\"query\", \"query#Noun\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(countable, obsolete or India) A point of uncertainty; a query.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"disbelief\"}], \"tags\": [\"India\", \"countable\", \"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/da\\u028at/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\", \"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/d\\u028c\\u028at/\", \"tags\": [\"Canada\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-a\\u028at\"}, {\"audio\": \"En-us-doubt.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/En-us-doubt.ogg/En-us-doubt.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/En-us-doubt.ogg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"], \"text\": \"Audio (GA)\"}, {\"enpr\": \"dout\", \"tags\": [\"Canada\"]}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"dout\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"dyshim\"}, {\"code\": \"ase\", \"lang\": \"American Sign Language\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"V@NearNose-PalmBack BentV@FromChin\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"\\u0161akk\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"\\u0634\\u064e\\u0643\\u0651\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"\\u0161akk\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"\\u0634\\u0643\"}, {\"code\": \"an\", \"lang\": \"Aragonese\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"dubda\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kaskac\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u056f\\u0561\\u057d\\u056f\\u0561\\u056e\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"tarakuys\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u057f\\u0561\\u0580\\u0561\\u056f\\u0578\\u0582\\u0575\\u057d\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"erkmtank\\u02bf\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0565\\u0580\\u056f\\u0574\\u057f\\u0561\\u0576\\u0584\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"erkbayut\\u02bfyun\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0565\\u0580\\u056f\\u0562\\u0561\\u0575\\u0578\\u0582\\u0569\\u0575\\u0578\\u0582\\u0576\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"erkbayank\\u02bf\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0565\\u0580\\u056f\\u0562\\u0561\\u0575\\u0561\\u0576\\u0584\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kaskaceliut\\u02bfyun\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u056f\\u0561\\u057d\\u056f\\u0561\\u056e\\u0565\\u056c\\u056b\\u0578\\u0582\\u0569\\u0575\\u0578\\u0582\\u0576\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"xondeh\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u09b8\\u09a8\\u09cd\\u09a6\\u09c7\\u09b9\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"duda\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"dulda\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u015f\\u00fcbh\\u0259\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u015f\\u0259kk\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"\\u015fikl\\u0259new\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0448\\u0438\\u043a\\u043b\\u04d9\\u043d\\u0435\\u04af\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"\\u015f\\u00f6bh\\u0259l\\u0259new\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0448\\u04e9\\u0431\\u04bb\\u04d9\\u043b\\u04d9\\u043d\\u0435\\u04af\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"ikel\\u0259new\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0438\\u043a\\u0435\\u043b\\u04d9\\u043d\\u0435\\u04af\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"\\u015fik\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0448\\u0438\\u043a\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"\\u015f\\u00f6bh\\u0259\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0448\\u04e9\\u0431\\u04bb\\u04d9\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"s\\u00famnje\\u016d\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"\\u0441\\u0443\\u0301\\u043c\\u043d\\u0435\\u045e\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"sumnj\\u00e9nnje\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"\\u0441\\u0443\\u043c\\u043d\\u0435\\u0301\\u043d\\u043d\\u0435\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"\\u015bondeho\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u09b8\\u09a8\\u09cd\\u09a6\\u09c7\\u09b9\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"s\\u01cemn\\u00e9nie\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"\\u0441\\u044a\\u043c\\u043d\\u0435\\u0301\\u043d\\u0438\\u0435\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"samsa.ya.\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u101e\\u1036\\u101e\\u101a\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"dubte\"}, {\"code\": \"ce\", \"lang\": \"Chechen\", \"roman\": \"\\u0161eko\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0448\\u0435\\u043a\\u043e\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u61f7\\u7591\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"hu\\u00e1iy\\u00ed\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u6000\\u7591\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"y\\u00edhu\\u00f2\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u7591\\u60d1\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u7591\\u554f\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"y\\u00edw\\u00e8n\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u7591\\u95ee\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"pochyba\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"pochybnost\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"tvivl\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"twijfel\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"dubo\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"k\\u00f5hklus\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"kahtlus\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ivi\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"ep\\u00e4ily\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"ep\\u00e4ilys\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"doute\"}, {\"code\": \"fro\", \"lang\": \"Old French\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"doutance\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"d\\u00fabida\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"e\\u010d\\u0323vi\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u10d4\\u10ed\\u10d5\\u10d8\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Zweifel\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"amfivol\\u00eda\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"\\u03b1\\u03bc\\u03c6\\u03b9\\u03b2\\u03bf\\u03bb\\u03af\\u03b1\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"apist\\u00eda\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"\\u1f00\\u03c0\\u03b9\\u03c3\\u03c4\\u03af\\u03b1\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"saf\\u00e9k\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"\\u05e1\\u05b8\\u05e4\\u05b5\\u05e7\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"sandeh\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"\\u0938\\u0902\\u0926\\u0947\\u0939\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"\\u015bak\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"\\u0936\\u0915\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"k\\u00e9tely\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"k\\u00e9ts\\u00e9g\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"efasemd\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"efi\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"vafi\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"dubito\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"kebimbangan\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"keraguan\"}, {\"code\": \"ia\", \"lang\": \"Interlingua\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"dubita\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"aincheas\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"dubbio\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"plural\", \"singular\"], \"word\": \"perplessit\\u00e0\"}, {\"alt\": \"\\u3075\\u3057\\u3093\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"fushin\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u4e0d\\u5be9\"}, {\"alt\": \"\\u304e\\u3082\\u3093\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"gimon\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u7591\\u554f\"}, {\"alt\": \"\\u3046\\u305f\\u304c\\u3044\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"utagai\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u7591\\u3044\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"k\\u00fcm\\u00e4n\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u043a\\u04af\\u043c\\u04d9\\u043d\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"\\u015f\\u00fcb\\u00e4\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0448\\u04af\\u0431\\u04d9\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"\\u015fek\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0448\\u0435\\u043a\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"kangkhaa\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u1780\\u1784\\u17d2\\u1781\\u17b6\"}, {\"alt\": \"\\u7591\\u60d1\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"uihok\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\uc758\\ud639\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"guman\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"g\\u00fb\\u015f\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"hulhul\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"\\u015fik\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"\\u015fube\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"\\u015f\\u00fbf\"}, {\"code\": \"ky\", \"lang\": \"Kyrgyz\", \"roman\": \"k\\u00fcm\\u00f6n\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u043a\\u04af\\u043c\\u04e9\\u043d\"}, {\"code\": \"ky\", \"lang\": \"Kyrgyz\", \"roman\": \"\\u015fek\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0448\\u0435\\u043a\"}, {\"code\": \"lo\", \"english\": \"song sai\", \"lang\": \"Lao\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0eaa\\u0ebb\\u0e87\\u0ec4\\u0eaa\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"dubium\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"dubit\\u0101ti\\u014d\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"Late-Latin\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"dubiet\\u0101s\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"], \"word\": \"\\u0161aubas\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"abejon\\u0117\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"rare\"], \"word\": \"dvejon\\u0117\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Zweiwel\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"somne\\u017e\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"\\u0441\\u043e\\u043c\\u043d\\u0435\\u0436\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"somnevanje\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"\\u0441\\u043e\\u043c\\u043d\\u0435\\u0432\\u0430\\u045a\\u0435\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"keraguan\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"sa\\u1e41\\u015baya\\u1e41\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0d38\\u0d02\\u0d36\\u0d2f\\u0d02\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"dooyt\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ourys\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"kumukumu\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"se\\u017eig\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"\\u0441\\u044d\\u0436\\u0438\\u0433\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"ergelzee\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"\\u044d\\u0440\\u0433\\u044d\\u043b\\u0437\\u044d\\u044d\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"dam\\u017eig\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"\\u0434\\u0430\\u043c\\u0436\\u0438\\u0433\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokm\\u00e5l\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tvil\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"dobte\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tw\\u0113o\"}, {\"code\": \"om\", \"lang\": \"Oromo\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"mamii\"}, {\"code\": \"om\", \"lang\": \"Oromo\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"shakkii\"}, {\"code\": \"ps\", \"lang\": \"Pashto\", \"roman\": \"\\u0161ak\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"\\u0634\\u06a9\"}, {\"code\": \"ps\", \"lang\": \"Pashto\", \"roman\": \"\\u0161ebh\\u00e1\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"\\u0634\\u0628\\u0647\\u0647\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"\\u0161ak\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0634\\u064e\\u06a9\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"w\\u0105tpliwo\\u015b\\u0107\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"d\\u00favida\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"incerteza\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"dubiu\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u00eendoial\\u0103\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"somn\\u00e9nije\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"\\u0441\\u043e\\u043c\\u043d\\u0435\\u0301\\u043d\\u0438\\u0435\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"amharas\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"m\\u00ec-chinnt\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"teagamh\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"\\u0441\\u0443\\u0301\\u043c\\u045a\\u0430\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"s\\u00famnja\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"d\\u00f9bbitu\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"pochybnos\\u0165\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"dvom\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"duda\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"incertidumbre\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"shaka\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"], \"word\": \"tvekan\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"tvivel\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"duda\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"alinlangan\"}, {\"code\": \"tg\", \"lang\": \"Tajik\", \"roman\": \"\\u0161ak\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0448\\u0430\\u043a\"}, {\"code\": \"tg\", \"lang\": \"Tajik\", \"roman\": \"\\u0161ubha\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0448\\u0443\\u0431\\u04b3\\u0430\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"cant\\u0113kam\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0b9a\\u0ba8\\u0bcd\\u0ba4\\u0bc7\\u0b95\\u0bae\\u0bcd\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"aiyam\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0b90\\u0baf\\u0bae\\u0bcd\"}, {\"code\": \"tt\", \"lang\": \"Tatar\", \"roman\": \"\\u015fik\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0448\\u0438\\u043a\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"sand\\u0113hamu\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0c38\\u0c02\\u0c26\\u0c47\\u0c39\\u0c2e\\u0c41\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"\\u015ba\\u1e45ka\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0c36\\u0c02\\u0c15\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"s\\u01d2ng-s\\u01cei\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0e2a\\u0e07\\u0e2a\\u0e31\\u0e22\"}, {\"code\": \"txb\", \"lang\": \"Tocharian B\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"sklok\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"ku\\u015fku\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u015f\\u00fcphe\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u015fek\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"g\\u00fcman\"}, {\"code\": \"tk\", \"lang\": \"Turkmen\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u015f\\u00fcbhe\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"s\\u00famniv\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"\\u0441\\u0443\\u0301\\u043c\\u043d\\u0456\\u0432\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"\\u015bak\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"\\u0634\\u064e\\u06a9\"}, {\"code\": \"ug\", \"lang\": \"Uyghur\", \"roman\": \"sh\\u00fcbhe\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0634\\u06c8\\u0628\\u06be\\u06d5\"}, {\"code\": \"ug\", \"lang\": \"Uyghur\", \"roman\": \"guman\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u06af\\u06c7\\u0645\\u0627\\u0646\"}, {\"code\": \"ug\", \"lang\": \"Uyghur\", \"roman\": \"shek\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u0634\\u06d5\\u0643\"}, {\"code\": \"uz\", \"lang\": \"Uzbek\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"shubha\"}, {\"code\": \"uz\", \"lang\": \"Uzbek\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"gumon\"}, {\"code\": \"uz\", \"lang\": \"Uzbek\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"shak\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"(s\\u1ef1, \\u0111i\\u1ec1u, m\\u1ed1i) nghi ng\\u1edd\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volap\\u00fck\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"dot\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"amheuaeth\"}, {\"code\": \"fy\", \"lang\": \"West Frisian\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"twivel\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"tsveyfl\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"\\u05e6\\u05d5\\u05d5\\u05d9\\u05d9\\u05e4\\u05bf\\u05dc\"}, {\"code\": \"zza\", \"lang\": \"Zazaki\", \"sense\": \"disbelief or uncertainty (about something)\", \"word\": \"\\u015fek\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"\\u0161ubha\", \"sense\": \"point of uncertainty, query\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"\\u0634\\u064f\\u0628\\u0652\\u0647\\u064e\\u0629\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"vopr\\u00f3s\", \"sense\": \"point of uncertainty, query\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"\\u0432\\u043e\\u043f\\u0440\\u043e\\u0301\\u0441\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"point of uncertainty, query\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"duda\"}], \"word\": \"doubt\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "doubt",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (0b52755 and 5cb0836). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.