See affect in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "affectability"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "affectable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "affectee"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "affectingly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "affectless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "affector"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "disaffect"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "interaffect"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "misaffect"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "overaffect"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reaffect"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unaffect"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*h₂éd",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂éd#Proto-Indo-European:_at"
],
[
"*ad",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ad#Proto-Italic:_to"
],
[
"*ad-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ad-#Proto-Italic:_to"
],
[
"ad-",
"ad-#Latin"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁k-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁k-"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti"
],
[
"*fakjō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/fakjō#Proto-Italic:_to_make"
],
[
"faciō",
"facio#Latin"
],
[
"afficiō",
"afficio#Latin"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-tos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tos#Proto-Italic:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"-tus",
"-tus#Latin:_past_participle"
],
[
"*-h₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-éh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_intransitive_verbs"
],
[
"*-eh₂yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_suf"
],
[
"*-h₂ti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂ti"
],
[
"*-āō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āō#Proto-Italic:_suf"
],
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin:_denominative"
],
[
"-tō",
"-to#Latin:_frequentative"
],
[
"affectō",
"affecto#Latin"
],
[
"affectāre",
"affectare#Latin"
],
[
"affecten",
"affecten#Middle_English"
],
[
"affecten",
"affecten#Middle_English"
],
[
"affectāre",
"affectare#Latin"
],
[
"affectus",
"affectus#Latin"
],
[
"afficere",
"afficere#Latin"
],
[
"ad-",
"ad-#Latin"
],
[
"facere",
"facere#Latin"
],
[
"af-",
"af-#English"
],
[
"-fect",
"affectus#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:affecten<ety:der<la:affectāre>>",
"id": "influence",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nProto-Italic *ad-\nLatin ad-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti\nProto-Italic *θakjō\nProto-Italic *fakjō\nLatin faciō\nLatin afficiō\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -tō\nLatin affectō\nLatin affectāreder.\nMiddle English affecten\nEnglish affect\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"towards\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"at\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂éd\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ad\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ad-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ad-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"to do, make\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to make\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*θakjō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*dʰh₁kyéti\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁k-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*fakjō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"faciō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"afficiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"frequentative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"past participle\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ājō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"suffix originally used to form collective nouns, extended in Late PIE to also be a marker of feminine gender\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"affectō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"affectāre\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"affecten\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"affect\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"influence\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"affect\" id=\"English:_influence\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "affecten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English affecten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "affectāre"
},
"expansion": "Latin affectāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "affectus"
},
"expansion": "Latin affectus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "afficere",
"t": "to act upon, influence, affect, attack with disease"
},
"expansion": "Latin afficere (“to act upon, influence, affect, attack with disease”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "af-",
"3": "la:affectus",
"alt2": "-fect"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, af- + Latin -fect",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:affecten<ety:der<la:affectāre>>",
"id": "influence",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nProto-Italic *ad-\nLatin ad-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti\nProto-Italic *θakjō\nProto-Italic *fakjō\nLatin faciō\nLatin afficiō\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -tō\nLatin affectō\nLatin affectāreder.\nMiddle English affecten\nEnglish affect",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nProto-Italic *ad-\nLatin ad-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti\nProto-Italic *θakjō\nProto-Italic *fakjō\nLatin faciō\nLatin afficiō\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -tō\nLatin affectō\nLatin affectāreder.\nMiddle English affecten\nEnglish affect\nFrom Middle English affecten, from Latin affectāre, from Latin affectus, the participle stem of Latin afficere (“to act upon, influence, affect, attack with disease”), from ad- + facere (“to make, do”). By surface analysis, af- + Latin -fect.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "affects",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "affecting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "affected",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "affected",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "glossary",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "affect",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "affect",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "affected",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "affect",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "affectest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "affected",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "affectedst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "affects",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "affecteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "affected",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "affect",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "affected",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "affect",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "affected",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "affect",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "affecting",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "affected",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "affect (third-person singular simple present affects, present participle affecting, simple past and past participle affected)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"af",
"fect"
]
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 14 12 10 10 18 15 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with af-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
23
]
],
"text": "The experience affected me deeply.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
25,
33
]
],
"text": "The heat of the sunlight affected the speed of the chemical reaction.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
20
]
],
"ref": "1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter XVI, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:",
"text": "The climate affected their health and spirits.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
92,
99
]
],
"ref": "2012 January 19, Steven Sloman, “The Battle Between Intuition and Deliberation”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 1, page 74:",
"text": "Libertarian paternalism is the view that, because the way options are presented to citizens affects what they choose, society should present options in a way that “nudges” our intuitive selves to make choices that are more consistent with what our more deliberative selves would have chosen if they were in control.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To influence or alter."
],
"id": "en-affect-en-verb-CcGa4RH4",
"links": [
[
"influence",
"influence"
],
[
"alter",
"alter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To influence or alter."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "alter"
},
{
"word": "change"
},
{
"word": "have an effect on"
},
{
"word": "influence"
},
{
"word": "play a role in"
},
{
"word": "play a part in"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "ʔaṯṯara",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "أَثَّرَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "afeutar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "uplyvacʹ",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "уплываць"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "dejstvam",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "действам"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "văzdejstvam",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "въздействам"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "afectar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"lang_code": "yue",
"roman": "jing² hoeng²",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "影響 /影响"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "yǐngxiǎng",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "影響 /影响"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "nasya"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "ovlivnit"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "påvirke"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "beïnvloeden"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "efektivigi"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "ávirka"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "vaikuttaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "affecter"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "toucher"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "afectar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "beeinflussen"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "epireázo",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "επηρεάζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "epidró",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "επιδρώ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "hat"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "kihat"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "érint"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "befolyásol"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "hatással van"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "téigh i bhfeidhm ar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "ga",
"english": "negatively",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"translation": "negatively",
"word": "cuir isteach ar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "influenzare"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "condizionare"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "alterare"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"lang_code": "ml",
"roman": "bādhikkuka",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "ബാധിക്കുക"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "kawekawe"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "influere"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "gå utover"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "påvirke"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "afetar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"english": "influence",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "vlijátʹ",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"translation": "influence",
"word": "влия́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"english": "influence",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "vozdéjstvovatʹ",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"translation": "influence",
"word": "возде́йствовать"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"english": "alter",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "menjátʹ",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"translation": "alter",
"word": "меня́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "affek"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "utjecati"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "afectar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "incidir"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "påverka"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "influera"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"lang_code": "txb",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "yām-"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "vplyvaty",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "впливати"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "vplynuty",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "вплинути"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 2 2 1 2 2 1 1",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "effeithio ar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 14 12 10 10 18 15 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with af-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
22
]
],
"text": "He was deeply affected by the tragic ending of the play.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
94,
100
]
],
"ref": "1757, Edmund Burke, A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful:",
"text": "A consideration of the rationale of our passions seems to me very necessary for all who would affect them upon solid and pure principles.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To move to emotion."
],
"id": "en-affect-en-verb-en:move_to_emotion",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To move to emotion."
],
"senseid": [
"en:move to emotion"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "move"
},
{
"word": "touch"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "zasjagam",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "засягам"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "vălnuvam",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "вълнувам"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "berøre"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "røre"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "ontroeren"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "emotioneren"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "tuŝi"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "kortuŝi"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "liikuttaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "affecter"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "émouvoir"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "rühren"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "bewegen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "sygkinó",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "συγκινώ"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "megindít"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "megérint"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "elszomorít"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "hatással van"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "commuovere"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "kandō saseru",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "感動させる"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "affektere"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "afektować"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "comover"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "volnovátʹ",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "волнова́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "trógatʹ",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "тро́гать"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "affek"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "afectar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "conmover"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "beröra"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 1 2 1 2 0 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "röra"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Pathology",
"orig": "en:Pathology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 14 12 10 10 18 15 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with af-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
17
]
],
"text": "Hepatitis affects the liver.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of an illness or condition, to infect or harm (a part of the body)."
],
"id": "en-affect-en-verb-BvSp2mFp",
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"infect",
"infect"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, pathology) Of an illness or condition, to infect or harm (a part of the body)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "attack"
},
{
"word": "harm"
},
{
"word": "infect"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 3 81 2 4 4 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "porazjavam",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "поразявам"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 81 2 4 4 1 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "postihnout"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 81 2 4 4 1 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "påvirke"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 81 2 4 4 1 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "skade"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 81 2 4 4 1 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "aantasten"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 81 2 4 4 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "vahingoittaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 81 2 4 4 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "affecter"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 81 2 4 4 1 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "prosvállo",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "προσβάλλω"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 81 2 4 4 1 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "vlápto",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "βλάπτω"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 81 2 4 4 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "károsít"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 81 2 4 4 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "árt"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 81 2 4 4 1 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "colpire"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 81 2 4 4 1 2",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"lang_code": "ml",
"roman": "bādhikkuka",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "ബാധിക്കുക"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 81 2 4 4 1 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "affektere"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 81 2 4 4 1 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"tags": [
"dated",
"perfective"
],
"word": "zaafektować"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 81 2 4 4 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "afetar"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 81 2 4 4 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "poražátʹ",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "поража́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 81 2 4 4 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "afectar"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 81 2 4 4 1 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "påverka"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 81 2 4 4 1 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "skada"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 81 2 4 4 1 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "drabba"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 14 12 10 10 18 15 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with af-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
35
]
],
"ref": "1649, J[ohn] Milton, ΕΙΚΟΝΟΚΛΆΣΤΗΣ [Eikonoklástēs] […], London: […] Matthew Simmons, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "men whom they thought best affected to religion and their country's liberty",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To dispose or incline."
],
"id": "en-affect-en-verb-XNeCz~UT",
"links": [
[
"dispose",
"dispose"
],
[
"incline",
"incline"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To dispose or incline."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
25,
31
]
],
"ref": "1704, I[saac] N[ewton], “(please specify |book=1 to 3)”, in Opticks: Or, A Treatise of the Reflexions, Refractions, Inflexions and Colours of Light. […], London: […] Sam[uel] Smith, and Benj[amin] Walford, printers to the Royal Society, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "The drops of every fluid affect a round figure.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To tend to by affinity or disposition."
],
"id": "en-affect-en-verb-IRxmYsM~",
"links": [
[
"affinity",
"affinity"
],
[
"disposition",
"disposition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To tend to by affinity or disposition."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 14 12 10 10 18 15 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with af-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 10 7 4 8 5 9 3 7 11 11 3 6 3 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 11 6 3 10 3 9 2 7 12 11 3 6 3 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
25,
33
]
],
"ref": "1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, Vanity Fair […], London: Bradbury and Evans […], published 1848, →OCLC:",
"text": "One of the domestics was affected to his special service.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To assign; to appoint."
],
"id": "en-affect-en-verb-1PY64Lrw",
"links": [
[
"assign",
"assign"
],
[
"appoint",
"appoint"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To assign; to appoint."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Scots law",
"orig": "en:Scots law",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 13 10 4 6 5 5 4 4 6 15 4 5 5 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 11 10 4 4 6 5 4 4 7 20 4 5 4 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 13 13 2 5 3 6 2 5 8 25 2 5 2 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 10 10 4 4 6 5 4 4 6 22 4 5 4 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 14 12 10 10 18 15 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with af-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 10 9 5 5 7 5 5 5 6 19 5 6 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 10 10 5 5 7 5 5 4 5 21 5 5 3 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 1 5 6 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 13 1 1 1 1 1 21 1 1 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 13 9 4 7 6 5 4 4 5 17 4 5 4 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 10 10 5 5 7 5 5 4 5 23 5 5 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 10 9 8 7 17 32 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 8 12 6 12 15 28 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Asturian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 11 9 8 8 12 33 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 9 8 4 4 6 5 4 5 6 18 6 6 5 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 11 9 8 8 12 33 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 9 9 5 4 6 5 4 4 7 18 6 6 5 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 11 9 8 7 12 33 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cornish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 10 9 7 8 11 30 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 7 6 5 5 8 57 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 8 8 5 5 7 5 5 5 7 16 5 6 4 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 9 9 5 5 6 4 5 4 7 20 5 5 5 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 10 9 7 8 11 30 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Faroese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 9 9 5 4 6 5 4 4 7 18 6 6 5 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 10 6 7 7 9 20 7 6 7 8 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 11 9 8 8 12 33 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 9 9 5 4 6 5 4 4 7 18 6 6 5 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 10 7 4 8 5 9 3 7 11 11 3 6 3 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 11 6 3 10 3 9 2 7 12 11 3 6 3 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 11 7 8 7 12 40 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 8 8 4 9 6 5 4 5 6 17 5 6 4 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 11 9 8 7 12 33 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 9 6 6 6 9 27 6 6 7 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 11 8 8 8 12 36 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 8 8 4 9 6 5 4 5 6 17 5 6 4 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 11 8 8 8 12 36 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malayalam translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 8 12 6 10 15 29 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 12 8 8 8 13 34 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Māori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 12 10 8 8 12 30 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 9 9 5 4 6 5 4 4 7 18 6 6 5 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 8 8 5 6 7 6 5 5 7 15 6 6 4 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 7 7 4 8 5 4 4 4 8 16 5 9 6 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 9 9 5 5 6 4 5 4 7 20 5 5 5 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 9 8 7 6 10 45 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scots translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 8 8 4 9 6 5 4 5 6 17 5 6 4 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 8 8 4 9 6 5 4 5 6 17 5 6 4 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 9 6 6 6 8 28 6 7 6 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 8 7 6 6 9 26 8 7 6 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 5 2 3 4 75 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 10 9 7 8 11 30 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 13 10 9 9 12 28 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To burden (property) with a fixed charge or payment, or other condition or restriction."
],
"id": "en-affect-en-verb-FkPjQME8",
"links": [
[
"burden",
"burden"
],
[
"charge",
"charge"
],
[
"payment",
"payment"
],
[
"condition",
"condition"
],
[
"restriction",
"restriction"
]
],
"qualifier": "Scots law",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Scots law) To burden (property) with a fixed charge or payment, or other condition or restriction."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 14 12 10 10 18 15 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with af-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
49,
55
]
],
"ref": "1923, Ernest Bramah [pseudonym; Ernest Brammah Smith], “(please specify the page)”, in The Eyes of Max Carrados, London: Grant Richards, →OCLC:",
"text": "The light above the door made it unconvincing to affect that no one was at home.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To feign or pretend."
],
"id": "en-affect-en-verb-IvSYI6tO",
"links": [
[
"feign",
"feign"
],
[
"pretend",
"pretend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To feign or pretend."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "ə'fĕkt"
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈfɛkt/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-affect.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/En-uk-affect.ogg/En-uk-affect.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/En-uk-affect.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈfekt/",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-au-affect.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-au-affect.ogg/En-au-affect.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-au-affect.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
]
},
{
"homophone": "effect (weak vowel merger)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛkt"
}
],
"word": "affect"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "affected"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "affectedly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "affectedness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "affectation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "affecter"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*h₂éd",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂éd#Proto-Indo-European:_at"
],
[
"*ad",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ad#Proto-Italic:_to"
],
[
"*ad-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ad-#Proto-Italic:_to"
],
[
"ad-",
"ad-#Latin"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁k-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁k-"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti"
],
[
"*fakjō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/fakjō#Proto-Italic:_to_make"
],
[
"faciō",
"facio#Latin"
],
[
"afficiō",
"afficio#Latin"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-tos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tos#Proto-Italic:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"-tus",
"-tus#Latin:_past_participle"
],
[
"*-h₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-éh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_intransitive_verbs"
],
[
"*-eh₂yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_suf"
],
[
"*-h₂ti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂ti"
],
[
"*-āō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āō#Proto-Italic:_suf"
],
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin:_denominative"
],
[
"-tō",
"-to#Latin:_frequentative"
],
[
"affectō",
"affecto#Latin"
],
[
"affectāre",
"affectare#Latin"
],
[
"affecter",
"affecter#Middle_French"
],
[
"affecter",
"affecter#Old_French"
],
[
"affecten",
"affecten#Middle_English"
],
[
"affecten",
"affecten#Middle_English"
],
[
"affecter",
"affecter#Old_French"
],
[
"affecter",
"affecter#Middle_French"
],
[
"affectāre",
"affectare#Latin"
],
[
"afficere",
"afficere#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:affecten<ety:der<xno:affecter<ety:der<frm:affecter<ety:der<la:affectāre>>>>>>",
"id": "strive",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nProto-Italic *ad-\nLatin ad-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti\nProto-Italic *θakjō\nProto-Italic *fakjō\nLatin faciō\nLatin afficiō\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -tō\nLatin affectō\nLatin affectāreder.\nMiddle French affecterder.\nAnglo-Norman affecterder.\nMiddle English affecten\nEnglish affect\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"towards\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"at\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂éd\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ad\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ad-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ad-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"to do, make\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to make\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*θakjō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*dʰh₁kyéti\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁k-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*fakjō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"faciō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"afficiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"frequentative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"past participle\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ājō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"suffix originally used to form collective nouns, extended in Late PIE to also be a marker of feminine gender\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"affectō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"affectāre\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"affecter\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Anglo-Norman\", \"term\" : \"affecter\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"xno\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"affecten\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"affect\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"strive\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"affect\" id=\"English:_strive\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "affecten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English affecten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "affecter",
"4": "",
"5": "strive after"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman affecter (“strive after”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "affecter",
"4": "",
"5": "feign"
},
"expansion": "Middle French affecter (“feign”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "affectāre",
"4": "",
"5": "to strive after, aim to do, pursue, imitate with dissimulation, feign"
},
"expansion": "Latin affectāre (“to strive after, aim to do, pursue, imitate with dissimulation, feign”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:affecten<ety:der<xno:affecter<ety:der<frm:affecter<ety:der<la:affectāre>>>>>>",
"id": "strive",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nProto-Italic *ad-\nLatin ad-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti\nProto-Italic *θakjō\nProto-Italic *fakjō\nLatin faciō\nLatin afficiō\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -tō\nLatin affectō\nLatin affectāreder.\nMiddle French affecterder.\nAnglo-Norman affecterder.\nMiddle English affecten\nEnglish affect",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nProto-Italic *ad-\nLatin ad-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti\nProto-Italic *θakjō\nProto-Italic *fakjō\nLatin faciō\nLatin afficiō\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -tō\nLatin affectō\nLatin affectāreder.\nMiddle French affecterder.\nAnglo-Norman affecterder.\nMiddle English affecten\nEnglish affect\nFrom Middle English affecten, from Anglo-Norman affecter (“strive after”), Middle French affecter (“feign”), and their source, Latin affectāre (“to strive after, aim to do, pursue, imitate with dissimulation, feign”), frequentative of afficere (“to act upon, influence”) (see Etymology 1, above).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "affects",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "affecting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "affected",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "affected",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "affect (third-person singular simple present affects, present participle affecting, simple past and past participle affected)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "from 16th c.",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 13 5 1 6 1 6 1 6 8 4 3 20 6 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Appearance",
"orig": "en:Appearance",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
9
]
],
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "to affect ignorance",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
9
]
],
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "to affect a British accent",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
20
]
],
"text": "He managed to affect a smile despite feeling quite miserable.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
16
]
],
"ref": "c. 1605–1608 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Tymon of Athens”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:",
"text": "Thou dost affect my manners.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
36,
45
]
],
"ref": "a. 1729, William Congreve, A Hue and Cry After Fair Amoret:",
"text": "Careless she is with artful care, / Affecting to seem unaffected.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
11
]
],
"ref": "1984, William Gibson, Neuromancer (Sprawl; book 1), New York, N.Y.: Ace Books, →ISBN, page 12:",
"text": "He affected prescription lenses, framed in spidery gold, ground from thin slabs of pink synthetic quartz and beveled like the mirrors in a Victorian dollhouse.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
10
]
],
"ref": "2016 November 23, Alan Wilkie (judge), R v Thomas Mair, sentencing remarks:",
"text": "You affect to be a patriot. The words you uttered repeatedly when you killed her give lip service to that concept.[…]You are no patriot. By your actions you have betrayed the quintessence of our country, its adherence to parliamentary democracy.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make a show of; to put on a pretense of; to feign; to assume. To make a false display of."
],
"id": "en-affect-en-verb-Jcvsab1Q",
"links": [
[
"pretense",
"pretense"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make a show of; to put on a pretense of; to feign; to assume. To make a false display of."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "fake"
},
{
"word": "simulate"
},
{
"word": "feign"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "88 2 4 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "prestruvam se",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "преструвам се"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 4 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "imitiram",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "имитирам"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 4 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "veinzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 4 6",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "afekti"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 4 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "esittää"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 4 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "teeskennellä"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 4 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "feindre"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 4 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "vortäuschen"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 4 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "fingieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 4 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "vorgaukeln"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 4 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "prospoioúmai",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "προσποιούμαι"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 4 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "káno",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "κάνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 4 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "fingere"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 4 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "fingir"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 4 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "pritvorjátʹsja",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "притворя́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 4 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "délatʹ vid",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "де́лать вид"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 4 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "prikídyvatʹsja",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "прики́дываться"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 4 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "fingir"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 4 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "åstadkomma"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 4 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "fingera"
}
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "15th–19th c.",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
211,
217
]
],
"ref": "c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Measure for Measure”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:",
"text": "Duke.[...] I loue the people,\nBut doe not like to stage me to their eyes:\nThough it doe well, I doe not rellish well\nTheir lowd applause, and Aues vehement:\nNor doe I thinke the man of safe discretion\nThat do's affect it.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
47,
56
]
],
"ref": "1662, Jacques Olivier, translated by Richard Banke, A Discourse of Women, Shewing Their Imperfections Alphabetically, →OCLC, page 15:",
"text": "For it is believed, that he never was married, affecting and embracing Chastity through the whole course of his Life.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
64,
71
]
],
"ref": "a. 1701 (date written), John Dryden, “The First Book of Homer’s Ilias”, in The Miscellaneous Works of John Dryden, […], volume IV, London: […] J[acob] and R[ichard] Tonson, […], published 1760, →OCLC, page 430:",
"text": "Wiſe are thy words, and glad I would obey, / But this proud man affects imperial ſway.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
39,
45
]
],
"ref": "1841, Ralph Waldo Emerson, “Self-Reliance”, in Essays: First Series:",
"text": "I seek the Vatican, and the palaces. I affect to be intoxicated with sights and suggestions, but I am not intoxicated.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To aim for, to try to obtain."
],
"id": "en-affect-en-verb-gQSXjF7L",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, transitive) To aim for, to try to obtain."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "from 16th c.",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
39,
45
]
],
"ref": "c. 1590–1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:",
"text": "There is a Lady in Verona heere\nWhom I affect: but she is nice, and coy,\nAnd naught esteemes my aged eloquence.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
35,
41
]
],
"ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto X”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:",
"text": "From that day forth she gan to him affect, / And daily more her favour to augment […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
98,
104
]
],
"ref": "1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition I, section 2, member 4, subsection vii:",
"text": "A young gentlewoman in Basil was married[…]to an ancient man against her will, whom she could not affect; she was continually melancholy, and pined away for grief […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
50,
58
]
],
"ref": "1655, Thomas Fuller, The Church-history of Britain; […], London: […] Iohn Williams […], →OCLC, (please specify |book=I to XI), page 173:",
"text": "As for Queen Katharine, he rather respected, then affected; rather honoured, then loved her.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
130,
136
]
],
"ref": "1662 (indicated as 1663), [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]. Canto I.”, in Hudibras. The First and Second Parts. […], London: […] John Martyn and Henry Herringman, […], published 1678, →OCLC; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1905, →OCLC:",
"text": "But when he pleased to show 't, his speech / In loftiness of sound was rich; / A Babylonish dialect, / Which learned pedants much affect.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To feel affection for (someone); to like, be fond of."
],
"id": "en-affect-en-verb-eWCr5z0J",
"links": [
[
"affection",
"affection"
],
[
"like",
"like"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, rare) To feel affection for (someone); to like, be fond of."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 1 94 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "to feel affection for; to like, be fond of",
"word": "pitää"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 94 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to feel affection for; to like, be fond of",
"word": "mögen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 94 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to feel affection for; to like, be fond of",
"word": "leiden können"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 94 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to feel affection for; to like, be fond of",
"word": "gernhaben"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 94 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "to feel affection for; to like, be fond of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "afektować"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 94 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "ljubítʹ",
"sense": "to feel affection for; to like, be fond of",
"word": "люби́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 94 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "predpočitátʹ",
"sense": "to feel affection for; to like, be fond of",
"word": "предпочита́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 94 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "nrávitʹsja",
"sense": "to feel affection for; to like, be fond of",
"word": "нра́виться"
}
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "from 16th c.",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
135,
141
]
],
"ref": "1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 9, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book III, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Amongst humane conditions this one is very common, that we are rather pleased with strange things then with our owne; we love changes, affect alterations, and like innovations.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
57,
63
]
],
"ref": "c. 1605–1608 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Tymon of Athens”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:",
"text": "Go, let him have a table by himself, for he does neither affect company, nor is he fit for’t, indeed.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"text": "1825, William Hazlitt, “On the Conduct of life: or Advice to a schoolboy” in Table-Talk Volume II, Paris: A. & W. Galignani, p. 284,\nDo not affect the society of your inferiors in rank, nor court that of the great."
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
31
]
],
"ref": "1922, E[ric] R[ücker] Eddison, The Worm Ouroboros: A Romance, London: Jonathan Cape […], →OCLC, pages 5–6:",
"text": "Think not, because he affecteth silks and jewels like a queen, and carrieth himself light and dainty as a silver birch tree on the mountain, that his hand is light or his courage doubtful in war.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To show a fondness for (something); to choose."
],
"id": "en-affect-en-verb-NrkYRZmK",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To show a fondness for (something); to choose."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "əfĕkt'"
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈfɛkt/"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-affect.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/En-uk-affect.ogg/En-uk-affect.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/En-uk-affect.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛkt"
}
],
"word": "affect"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "affect display"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "flat affect"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "labile affect"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pseudobulbar affect"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*h₂éd",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂éd#Proto-Indo-European:_at"
],
[
"*ad",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ad#Proto-Italic:_to"
],
[
"*ad-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ad-#Proto-Italic:_to"
],
[
"ad-",
"ad-#Latin"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁k-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁k-"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti"
],
[
"*fakjō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/fakjō#Proto-Italic:_to_make"
],
[
"faciō",
"facio#Latin"
],
[
"afficiō",
"afficio#Latin"
],
[
"*-tus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tus#Proto-Indo-European:_action_noun"
],
[
"*-tus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tus"
],
[
"-tus",
"-tus#Latin:_action_noun"
],
[
"affectus",
"affectus#Latin:_affection"
],
[
"affect",
"affect#Middle_English"
],
[
"affect",
"affect#Middle_English"
],
[
"affectus",
"affectus#Latin"
],
[
"adfectus",
"adfectus#Latin"
],
[
"afficere",
"afficere#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:affect<ety:der<la:affectus<id:affection>>>",
"id": "mood-emotion-feeling",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nProto-Italic *ad-\nLatin ad-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti\nProto-Italic *θakjō\nProto-Italic *fakjō\nLatin faciō\nLatin afficiō\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Italic *-tus\nLatin -tus\nLatin affectusder.\nMiddle English affect\nEnglish affect\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"affection\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to affect\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"towards\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"at\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂éd\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ad\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ad-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ad-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"to do, make\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to make\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*θakjō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*dʰh₁kyéti\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁k-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*fakjō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"faciō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"afficiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"action noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"action noun\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tus\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tus\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tus\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"action noun-forming suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"affectus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"affect\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"affect\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"mood-emotion-feeling\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"affect\" id=\"English:_mood-emotion-feeling\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "affect"
},
"expansion": "Middle English affect",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "affectus"
},
"expansion": "Latin affectus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:affect<ety:der<la:affectus<id:affection>>>",
"id": "mood-emotion-feeling",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nProto-Italic *ad-\nLatin ad-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti\nProto-Italic *θakjō\nProto-Italic *fakjō\nLatin faciō\nLatin afficiō\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Italic *-tus\nLatin -tus\nLatin affectusder.\nMiddle English affect\nEnglish affect",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nProto-Italic *ad-\nLatin ad-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti\nProto-Italic *θakjō\nProto-Italic *fakjō\nLatin faciō\nLatin afficiō\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Italic *-tus\nLatin -tus\nLatin affectusder.\nMiddle English affect\nEnglish affect\nFrom Middle English affect, from Latin affectus, adfectus (“a state of mind or body produced by some (external) influence, especially sympathy or love”), from afficere (“to act upon, influence”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "affects",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "affect (plural affects)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "affection"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "affectionate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "affective"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Psychology",
"orig": "en:Psychology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
160,
167
]
],
"ref": "1899, Sigmund Freud, translated by Joyce Crick, The Interpretation of Dreams, Oxford, published 2008, page 62:",
"text": "if we are afraid of robbers in a dream, the robbers are certainly imaginary, but the fear is real. This draws our attention to the fact that the development of affects [translating Affectentwicklung] in dreams is not amenable to the judgement we make of the rest of the dream-content [...].",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
119,
125
]
],
"ref": "2004, Jeffrey Greenberg, Thomas A Pyszczynski, Handbook of Experimental Existential Psychology, page 407:",
"text": "A third study demonstrated that the effects of self-affirmation on self-regulated performance were not due to positive affect.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A subjective feeling experienced in response to a thought or other stimulus."
],
"id": "en-affect-en-noun-GzqDUaUF",
"links": [
[
"psychology",
"psychology"
],
[
"feeling",
"feeling"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(psychology) A subjective feeling experienced in response to a thought or other stimulus."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"psychology",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "67 27 4 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "afékt",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "афе́кт"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 27 4 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "afecte"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 27 4 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "affect"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 27 4 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"word": "afekcio"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 27 4 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"word": "affekti"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 27 4 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Affekt"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 27 4 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "aísthisi",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "αίσθηση"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 27 4 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"word": "affektus"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 27 4 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"word": "érzelmi változás/jelenség"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 27 4 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"word": "felindultság"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 27 4 2",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"word": "afek"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 27 4 2",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"word": "emosi"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 27 4 2",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"word": "perasaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 27 4 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "affekt"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 27 4 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "afekt"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 27 4 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"word": "afeto"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 27 4 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "affékt",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "аффе́кт"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 27 4 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aфект"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 27 4 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "afekt"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 27 4 2",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "afekt"
}
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "from 19th c.",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Psychology",
"orig": "en:Psychology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 13 10 4 6 5 5 4 4 6 15 4 5 5 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 10 7 4 8 5 9 3 7 11 11 3 6 3 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 11 6 3 10 3 9 2 7 12 11 3 6 3 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
56,
62
]
],
"ref": "2026 September 4, Olga Khazan, “The Dark Side of Mindfulness”, in The Atlantic, retrieved 19 Sep 2026:",
"text": "Britton has straight blond hair, blue eyes, and a muted affect. When you say something to her, she pauses, as if considering whether or not to smile. A colleague once suggested to her that she might be autistic. “And I’m like, ‘Okay,’” she told me one day recently.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Mood, emotion, especially as demonstrated in external physical signs."
],
"id": "en-affect-en-noun-XQtuKBZt",
"links": [
[
"psychology",
"psychology"
],
[
"Mood",
"moon"
],
[
"emotion",
"emotion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(psychology) Mood, emotion, especially as demonstrated in external physical signs."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"psychology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "14th–17th c.",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"One's mood or inclination; mental state."
],
"id": "en-affect-en-noun-CamqBJU8",
"links": [
[
"mood",
"mood"
],
[
"inclination",
"inclination"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) One's mood or inclination; mental state."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "16th–17th c.",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A desire, an appetite."
],
"id": "en-affect-en-noun-mmwg9THM",
"links": [
[
"desire",
"desire"
],
[
"appetite",
"appetite"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A desire, an appetite."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "ă'fĕkt"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈæ.fɛkt/"
}
],
"word": "affect"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₂éd",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms prefixed with af-",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Requests for review of Esperanto translations",
"Requests for review of Ido translations",
"Requests for review of Lithuanian translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɛkt",
"Rhymes:English/ɛkt/2 syllables",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Malayalam translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Māori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scots translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Appearance"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "affectability"
},
{
"word": "affectable"
},
{
"word": "affectee"
},
{
"word": "affectingly"
},
{
"word": "affectless"
},
{
"word": "affector"
},
{
"word": "disaffect"
},
{
"word": "interaffect"
},
{
"word": "misaffect"
},
{
"word": "overaffect"
},
{
"word": "reaffect"
},
{
"word": "unaffect"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*h₂éd",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂éd#Proto-Indo-European:_at"
],
[
"*ad",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ad#Proto-Italic:_to"
],
[
"*ad-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ad-#Proto-Italic:_to"
],
[
"ad-",
"ad-#Latin"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁k-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁k-"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti"
],
[
"*fakjō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/fakjō#Proto-Italic:_to_make"
],
[
"faciō",
"facio#Latin"
],
[
"afficiō",
"afficio#Latin"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-tos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tos#Proto-Italic:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"-tus",
"-tus#Latin:_past_participle"
],
[
"*-h₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-éh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_intransitive_verbs"
],
[
"*-eh₂yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_suf"
],
[
"*-h₂ti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂ti"
],
[
"*-āō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āō#Proto-Italic:_suf"
],
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin:_denominative"
],
[
"-tō",
"-to#Latin:_frequentative"
],
[
"affectō",
"affecto#Latin"
],
[
"affectāre",
"affectare#Latin"
],
[
"affecten",
"affecten#Middle_English"
],
[
"affecten",
"affecten#Middle_English"
],
[
"affectāre",
"affectare#Latin"
],
[
"affectus",
"affectus#Latin"
],
[
"afficere",
"afficere#Latin"
],
[
"ad-",
"ad-#Latin"
],
[
"facere",
"facere#Latin"
],
[
"af-",
"af-#English"
],
[
"-fect",
"affectus#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:affecten<ety:der<la:affectāre>>",
"id": "influence",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nProto-Italic *ad-\nLatin ad-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti\nProto-Italic *θakjō\nProto-Italic *fakjō\nLatin faciō\nLatin afficiō\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -tō\nLatin affectō\nLatin affectāreder.\nMiddle English affecten\nEnglish affect\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"towards\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"at\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂éd\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ad\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ad-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ad-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"to do, make\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to make\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*θakjō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*dʰh₁kyéti\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁k-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*fakjō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"faciō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"afficiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"frequentative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"past participle\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ājō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"suffix originally used to form collective nouns, extended in Late PIE to also be a marker of feminine gender\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"affectō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"affectāre\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"affecten\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"affect\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"influence\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"affect\" id=\"English:_influence\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "affecten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English affecten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "affectāre"
},
"expansion": "Latin affectāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "affectus"
},
"expansion": "Latin affectus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "afficere",
"t": "to act upon, influence, affect, attack with disease"
},
"expansion": "Latin afficere (“to act upon, influence, affect, attack with disease”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "af-",
"3": "la:affectus",
"alt2": "-fect"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, af- + Latin -fect",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:affecten<ety:der<la:affectāre>>",
"id": "influence",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nProto-Italic *ad-\nLatin ad-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti\nProto-Italic *θakjō\nProto-Italic *fakjō\nLatin faciō\nLatin afficiō\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -tō\nLatin affectō\nLatin affectāreder.\nMiddle English affecten\nEnglish affect",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nProto-Italic *ad-\nLatin ad-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti\nProto-Italic *θakjō\nProto-Italic *fakjō\nLatin faciō\nLatin afficiō\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -tō\nLatin affectō\nLatin affectāreder.\nMiddle English affecten\nEnglish affect\nFrom Middle English affecten, from Latin affectāre, from Latin affectus, the participle stem of Latin afficere (“to act upon, influence, affect, attack with disease”), from ad- + facere (“to make, do”). By surface analysis, af- + Latin -fect.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "affects",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "affecting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "affected",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "affected",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "glossary",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "affect",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "affect",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "affected",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "affect",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "affectest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "affected",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "affectedst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "affects",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "affecteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "affected",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "affect",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "affected",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "affect",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "affected",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "affect",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "affecting",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "affected",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "affect (third-person singular simple present affects, present participle affecting, simple past and past participle affected)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"af",
"fect"
]
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
23
]
],
"text": "The experience affected me deeply.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
25,
33
]
],
"text": "The heat of the sunlight affected the speed of the chemical reaction.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
20
]
],
"ref": "1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter XVI, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:",
"text": "The climate affected their health and spirits.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
92,
99
]
],
"ref": "2012 January 19, Steven Sloman, “The Battle Between Intuition and Deliberation”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 1, page 74:",
"text": "Libertarian paternalism is the view that, because the way options are presented to citizens affects what they choose, society should present options in a way that “nudges” our intuitive selves to make choices that are more consistent with what our more deliberative selves would have chosen if they were in control.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To influence or alter."
],
"links": [
[
"influence",
"influence"
],
[
"alter",
"alter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To influence or alter."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "alter"
},
{
"word": "change"
},
{
"word": "have an effect on"
},
{
"word": "influence"
},
{
"word": "play a role in"
},
{
"word": "play a part in"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
22
]
],
"text": "He was deeply affected by the tragic ending of the play.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
94,
100
]
],
"ref": "1757, Edmund Burke, A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful:",
"text": "A consideration of the rationale of our passions seems to me very necessary for all who would affect them upon solid and pure principles.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To move to emotion."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To move to emotion."
],
"senseid": [
"en:move to emotion"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "move"
},
{
"word": "touch"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Pathology"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
17
]
],
"text": "Hepatitis affects the liver.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of an illness or condition, to infect or harm (a part of the body)."
],
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"infect",
"infect"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, pathology) Of an illness or condition, to infect or harm (a part of the body)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "attack"
},
{
"word": "harm"
},
{
"word": "infect"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
35
]
],
"ref": "1649, J[ohn] Milton, ΕΙΚΟΝΟΚΛΆΣΤΗΣ [Eikonoklástēs] […], London: […] Matthew Simmons, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "men whom they thought best affected to religion and their country's liberty",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To dispose or incline."
],
"links": [
[
"dispose",
"dispose"
],
[
"incline",
"incline"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To dispose or incline."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
25,
31
]
],
"ref": "1704, I[saac] N[ewton], “(please specify |book=1 to 3)”, in Opticks: Or, A Treatise of the Reflexions, Refractions, Inflexions and Colours of Light. […], London: […] Sam[uel] Smith, and Benj[amin] Walford, printers to the Royal Society, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "The drops of every fluid affect a round figure.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To tend to by affinity or disposition."
],
"links": [
[
"affinity",
"affinity"
],
[
"disposition",
"disposition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To tend to by affinity or disposition."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
25,
33
]
],
"ref": "1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, Vanity Fair […], London: Bradbury and Evans […], published 1848, →OCLC:",
"text": "One of the domestics was affected to his special service.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To assign; to appoint."
],
"links": [
[
"assign",
"assign"
],
[
"appoint",
"appoint"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To assign; to appoint."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Scots law"
],
"glosses": [
"To burden (property) with a fixed charge or payment, or other condition or restriction."
],
"links": [
[
"burden",
"burden"
],
[
"charge",
"charge"
],
[
"payment",
"payment"
],
[
"condition",
"condition"
],
[
"restriction",
"restriction"
]
],
"qualifier": "Scots law",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Scots law) To burden (property) with a fixed charge or payment, or other condition or restriction."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
49,
55
]
],
"ref": "1923, Ernest Bramah [pseudonym; Ernest Brammah Smith], “(please specify the page)”, in The Eyes of Max Carrados, London: Grant Richards, →OCLC:",
"text": "The light above the door made it unconvincing to affect that no one was at home.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To feign or pretend."
],
"links": [
[
"feign",
"feign"
],
[
"pretend",
"pretend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To feign or pretend."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "ə'fĕkt"
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈfɛkt/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-affect.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/En-uk-affect.ogg/En-uk-affect.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/En-uk-affect.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈfekt/",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-au-affect.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-au-affect.ogg/En-au-affect.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-au-affect.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
]
},
{
"homophone": "effect (weak vowel merger)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛkt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "ʔaṯṯara",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "أَثَّرَ"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "afeutar"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "uplyvacʹ",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "уплываць"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "dejstvam",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "действам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "văzdejstvam",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "въздействам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "afectar"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"lang_code": "yue",
"roman": "jing² hoeng²",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "影響 /影响"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "yǐngxiǎng",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "影響 /影响"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "nasya"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "ovlivnit"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "påvirke"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "beïnvloeden"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "efektivigi"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "ávirka"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "vaikuttaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "affecter"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "toucher"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "afectar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "beeinflussen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "epireázo",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "επηρεάζω"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "epidró",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "επιδρώ"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "hat"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "kihat"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "érint"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "befolyásol"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "hatással van"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "téigh i bhfeidhm ar"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"english": "negatively",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"translation": "negatively",
"word": "cuir isteach ar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "influenzare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "condizionare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "alterare"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"lang_code": "ml",
"roman": "bādhikkuka",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "ബാധിക്കുക"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "kawekawe"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "influere"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "gå utover"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "påvirke"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "afetar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "influence",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "vlijátʹ",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"translation": "influence",
"word": "влия́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "influence",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "vozdéjstvovatʹ",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"translation": "influence",
"word": "возде́йствовать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "alter",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "menjátʹ",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"translation": "alter",
"word": "меня́ть"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "affek"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "utjecati"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "afectar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "incidir"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "påverka"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "influera"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"lang_code": "txb",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "yām-"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "vplyvaty",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "впливати"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "vplynuty",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "вплинути"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "to influence or alter",
"word": "effeithio ar"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "zasjagam",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "засягам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "vălnuvam",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "вълнувам"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "berøre"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "røre"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "ontroeren"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "emotioneren"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "emotioneren"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "tuŝi"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "kortuŝi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "liikuttaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "affecter"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "émouvoir"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "rühren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "bewegen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "sygkinó",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "συγκινώ"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "megindít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "megérint"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "elszomorít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "hatással van"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "commuovere"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "kandō saseru",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "感動させる"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "affektere"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "afektować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "comover"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "volnovátʹ",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "волнова́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "trógatʹ",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "тро́гать"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "affek"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "afectar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "conmover"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "beröra"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to move to emotion",
"word": "röra"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "porazjavam",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "поразявам"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "postihnout"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "påvirke"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "skade"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "aantasten"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "vahingoittaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "affecter"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "prosvállo",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "προσβάλλω"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "vlápto",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "βλάπτω"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "károsít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "árt"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "colpire"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"lang_code": "ml",
"roman": "bādhikkuka",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "ബാധിക്കുക"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "affektere"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"tags": [
"dated",
"perfective"
],
"word": "zaafektować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "afetar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "poražátʹ",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "поража́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "afectar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "påverka"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "skada"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to infect or harm",
"word": "drabba"
}
],
"word": "affect"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₂éd",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Requests for review of Lithuanian translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɛkt",
"Rhymes:English/ɛkt/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"en:Appearance"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "affected"
},
{
"word": "affectedly"
},
{
"word": "affectedness"
},
{
"word": "affectation"
},
{
"word": "affecter"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*h₂éd",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂éd#Proto-Indo-European:_at"
],
[
"*ad",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ad#Proto-Italic:_to"
],
[
"*ad-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ad-#Proto-Italic:_to"
],
[
"ad-",
"ad-#Latin"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁k-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁k-"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti"
],
[
"*fakjō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/fakjō#Proto-Italic:_to_make"
],
[
"faciō",
"facio#Latin"
],
[
"afficiō",
"afficio#Latin"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-tos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tos#Proto-Italic:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"-tus",
"-tus#Latin:_past_participle"
],
[
"*-h₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-éh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_intransitive_verbs"
],
[
"*-eh₂yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_suf"
],
[
"*-h₂ti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂ti"
],
[
"*-āō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āō#Proto-Italic:_suf"
],
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin:_denominative"
],
[
"-tō",
"-to#Latin:_frequentative"
],
[
"affectō",
"affecto#Latin"
],
[
"affectāre",
"affectare#Latin"
],
[
"affecter",
"affecter#Middle_French"
],
[
"affecter",
"affecter#Old_French"
],
[
"affecten",
"affecten#Middle_English"
],
[
"affecten",
"affecten#Middle_English"
],
[
"affecter",
"affecter#Old_French"
],
[
"affecter",
"affecter#Middle_French"
],
[
"affectāre",
"affectare#Latin"
],
[
"afficere",
"afficere#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:affecten<ety:der<xno:affecter<ety:der<frm:affecter<ety:der<la:affectāre>>>>>>",
"id": "strive",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nProto-Italic *ad-\nLatin ad-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti\nProto-Italic *θakjō\nProto-Italic *fakjō\nLatin faciō\nLatin afficiō\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -tō\nLatin affectō\nLatin affectāreder.\nMiddle French affecterder.\nAnglo-Norman affecterder.\nMiddle English affecten\nEnglish affect\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"towards\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"at\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂éd\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ad\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ad-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ad-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"to do, make\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to make\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*θakjō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*dʰh₁kyéti\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁k-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*fakjō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"faciō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"afficiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"frequentative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"past participle\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ājō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"suffix originally used to form collective nouns, extended in Late PIE to also be a marker of feminine gender\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"affectō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"affectāre\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"affecter\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Anglo-Norman\", \"term\" : \"affecter\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"xno\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"affecten\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"affect\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"strive\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"affect\" id=\"English:_strive\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "affecten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English affecten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "affecter",
"4": "",
"5": "strive after"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman affecter (“strive after”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "affecter",
"4": "",
"5": "feign"
},
"expansion": "Middle French affecter (“feign”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "affectāre",
"4": "",
"5": "to strive after, aim to do, pursue, imitate with dissimulation, feign"
},
"expansion": "Latin affectāre (“to strive after, aim to do, pursue, imitate with dissimulation, feign”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:affecten<ety:der<xno:affecter<ety:der<frm:affecter<ety:der<la:affectāre>>>>>>",
"id": "strive",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nProto-Italic *ad-\nLatin ad-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti\nProto-Italic *θakjō\nProto-Italic *fakjō\nLatin faciō\nLatin afficiō\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -tō\nLatin affectō\nLatin affectāreder.\nMiddle French affecterder.\nAnglo-Norman affecterder.\nMiddle English affecten\nEnglish affect",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nProto-Italic *ad-\nLatin ad-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti\nProto-Italic *θakjō\nProto-Italic *fakjō\nLatin faciō\nLatin afficiō\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -tō\nLatin affectō\nLatin affectāreder.\nMiddle French affecterder.\nAnglo-Norman affecterder.\nMiddle English affecten\nEnglish affect\nFrom Middle English affecten, from Anglo-Norman affecter (“strive after”), Middle French affecter (“feign”), and their source, Latin affectāre (“to strive after, aim to do, pursue, imitate with dissimulation, feign”), frequentative of afficere (“to act upon, influence”) (see Etymology 1, above).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "affects",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "affecting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "affected",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "affected",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "affect (third-person singular simple present affects, present participle affecting, simple past and past participle affected)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "from 16th c.",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
9
]
],
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "to affect ignorance",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
9
]
],
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "to affect a British accent",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
20
]
],
"text": "He managed to affect a smile despite feeling quite miserable.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
16
]
],
"ref": "c. 1605–1608 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Tymon of Athens”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:",
"text": "Thou dost affect my manners.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
36,
45
]
],
"ref": "a. 1729, William Congreve, A Hue and Cry After Fair Amoret:",
"text": "Careless she is with artful care, / Affecting to seem unaffected.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
11
]
],
"ref": "1984, William Gibson, Neuromancer (Sprawl; book 1), New York, N.Y.: Ace Books, →ISBN, page 12:",
"text": "He affected prescription lenses, framed in spidery gold, ground from thin slabs of pink synthetic quartz and beveled like the mirrors in a Victorian dollhouse.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
10
]
],
"ref": "2016 November 23, Alan Wilkie (judge), R v Thomas Mair, sentencing remarks:",
"text": "You affect to be a patriot. The words you uttered repeatedly when you killed her give lip service to that concept.[…]You are no patriot. By your actions you have betrayed the quintessence of our country, its adherence to parliamentary democracy.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make a show of; to put on a pretense of; to feign; to assume. To make a false display of."
],
"links": [
[
"pretense",
"pretense"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make a show of; to put on a pretense of; to feign; to assume. To make a false display of."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "fake"
},
{
"word": "simulate"
},
{
"word": "feign"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "15th–19th c.",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
211,
217
]
],
"ref": "c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Measure for Measure”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:",
"text": "Duke.[...] I loue the people,\nBut doe not like to stage me to their eyes:\nThough it doe well, I doe not rellish well\nTheir lowd applause, and Aues vehement:\nNor doe I thinke the man of safe discretion\nThat do's affect it.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
47,
56
]
],
"ref": "1662, Jacques Olivier, translated by Richard Banke, A Discourse of Women, Shewing Their Imperfections Alphabetically, →OCLC, page 15:",
"text": "For it is believed, that he never was married, affecting and embracing Chastity through the whole course of his Life.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
64,
71
]
],
"ref": "a. 1701 (date written), John Dryden, “The First Book of Homer’s Ilias”, in The Miscellaneous Works of John Dryden, […], volume IV, London: […] J[acob] and R[ichard] Tonson, […], published 1760, →OCLC, page 430:",
"text": "Wiſe are thy words, and glad I would obey, / But this proud man affects imperial ſway.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
39,
45
]
],
"ref": "1841, Ralph Waldo Emerson, “Self-Reliance”, in Essays: First Series:",
"text": "I seek the Vatican, and the palaces. I affect to be intoxicated with sights and suggestions, but I am not intoxicated.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To aim for, to try to obtain."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, transitive) To aim for, to try to obtain."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "from 16th c.",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
39,
45
]
],
"ref": "c. 1590–1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:",
"text": "There is a Lady in Verona heere\nWhom I affect: but she is nice, and coy,\nAnd naught esteemes my aged eloquence.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
35,
41
]
],
"ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto X”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:",
"text": "From that day forth she gan to him affect, / And daily more her favour to augment […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
98,
104
]
],
"ref": "1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition I, section 2, member 4, subsection vii:",
"text": "A young gentlewoman in Basil was married[…]to an ancient man against her will, whom she could not affect; she was continually melancholy, and pined away for grief […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
50,
58
]
],
"ref": "1655, Thomas Fuller, The Church-history of Britain; […], London: […] Iohn Williams […], →OCLC, (please specify |book=I to XI), page 173:",
"text": "As for Queen Katharine, he rather respected, then affected; rather honoured, then loved her.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
130,
136
]
],
"ref": "1662 (indicated as 1663), [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]. Canto I.”, in Hudibras. The First and Second Parts. […], London: […] John Martyn and Henry Herringman, […], published 1678, →OCLC; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1905, →OCLC:",
"text": "But when he pleased to show 't, his speech / In loftiness of sound was rich; / A Babylonish dialect, / Which learned pedants much affect.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To feel affection for (someone); to like, be fond of."
],
"links": [
[
"affection",
"affection"
],
[
"like",
"like"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, rare) To feel affection for (someone); to like, be fond of."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "from 16th c.",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
135,
141
]
],
"ref": "1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 9, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book III, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Amongst humane conditions this one is very common, that we are rather pleased with strange things then with our owne; we love changes, affect alterations, and like innovations.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
57,
63
]
],
"ref": "c. 1605–1608 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Tymon of Athens”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:",
"text": "Go, let him have a table by himself, for he does neither affect company, nor is he fit for’t, indeed.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"text": "1825, William Hazlitt, “On the Conduct of life: or Advice to a schoolboy” in Table-Talk Volume II, Paris: A. & W. Galignani, p. 284,\nDo not affect the society of your inferiors in rank, nor court that of the great."
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
31
]
],
"ref": "1922, E[ric] R[ücker] Eddison, The Worm Ouroboros: A Romance, London: Jonathan Cape […], →OCLC, pages 5–6:",
"text": "Think not, because he affecteth silks and jewels like a queen, and carrieth himself light and dainty as a silver birch tree on the mountain, that his hand is light or his courage doubtful in war.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To show a fondness for (something); to choose."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To show a fondness for (something); to choose."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "əfĕkt'"
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈfɛkt/"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-affect.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/En-uk-affect.ogg/En-uk-affect.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/En-uk-affect.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛkt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "to feel affection for; to like, be fond of",
"word": "pitää"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to feel affection for; to like, be fond of",
"word": "mögen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to feel affection for; to like, be fond of",
"word": "leiden können"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to feel affection for; to like, be fond of",
"word": "gernhaben"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "to feel affection for; to like, be fond of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "afektować"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "ljubítʹ",
"sense": "to feel affection for; to like, be fond of",
"word": "люби́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "predpočitátʹ",
"sense": "to feel affection for; to like, be fond of",
"word": "предпочита́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "nrávitʹsja",
"sense": "to feel affection for; to like, be fond of",
"word": "нра́виться"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "prestruvam se",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "преструвам се"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "imitiram",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "имитирам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "veinzen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "afekti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "esittää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "teeskennellä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "feindre"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "vortäuschen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "fingieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "vorgaukeln"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "prospoioúmai",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "προσποιούμαι"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "káno",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "κάνω"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "fingere"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "fingir"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "pritvorjátʹsja",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "притворя́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "délatʹ vid",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "де́лать вид"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "prikídyvatʹsja",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "прики́дываться"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "fingir"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "åstadkomma"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to make a false display of",
"word": "fingera"
}
],
"word": "affect"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₂éd",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Requests for review of Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"en:Appearance"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "affect display"
},
{
"word": "flat affect"
},
{
"word": "labile affect"
},
{
"word": "pseudobulbar affect"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*h₂éd",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂éd#Proto-Indo-European:_at"
],
[
"*ad",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ad#Proto-Italic:_to"
],
[
"*ad-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ad-#Proto-Italic:_to"
],
[
"ad-",
"ad-#Latin"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁k-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁k-"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti"
],
[
"*fakjō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/fakjō#Proto-Italic:_to_make"
],
[
"faciō",
"facio#Latin"
],
[
"afficiō",
"afficio#Latin"
],
[
"*-tus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tus#Proto-Indo-European:_action_noun"
],
[
"*-tus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tus"
],
[
"-tus",
"-tus#Latin:_action_noun"
],
[
"affectus",
"affectus#Latin:_affection"
],
[
"affect",
"affect#Middle_English"
],
[
"affect",
"affect#Middle_English"
],
[
"affectus",
"affectus#Latin"
],
[
"adfectus",
"adfectus#Latin"
],
[
"afficere",
"afficere#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:affect<ety:der<la:affectus<id:affection>>>",
"id": "mood-emotion-feeling",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nProto-Italic *ad-\nLatin ad-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti\nProto-Italic *θakjō\nProto-Italic *fakjō\nLatin faciō\nLatin afficiō\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Italic *-tus\nLatin -tus\nLatin affectusder.\nMiddle English affect\nEnglish affect\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"affection\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to affect\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"towards\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"at\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂éd\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ad\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ad-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ad-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"to do, make\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to make\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*θakjō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*dʰh₁kyéti\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁k-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*fakjō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"faciō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"afficiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"action noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"action noun\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tus\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tus\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tus\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"action noun-forming suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"affectus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"affect\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"affect\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"mood-emotion-feeling\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"affect\" id=\"English:_mood-emotion-feeling\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "affect"
},
"expansion": "Middle English affect",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "affectus"
},
"expansion": "Latin affectus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:affect<ety:der<la:affectus<id:affection>>>",
"id": "mood-emotion-feeling",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nProto-Italic *ad-\nLatin ad-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti\nProto-Italic *θakjō\nProto-Italic *fakjō\nLatin faciō\nLatin afficiō\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Italic *-tus\nLatin -tus\nLatin affectusder.\nMiddle English affect\nEnglish affect",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nProto-Italic *ad-\nLatin ad-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti\nProto-Italic *θakjō\nProto-Italic *fakjō\nLatin faciō\nLatin afficiō\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Italic *-tus\nLatin -tus\nLatin affectusder.\nMiddle English affect\nEnglish affect\nFrom Middle English affect, from Latin affectus, adfectus (“a state of mind or body produced by some (external) influence, especially sympathy or love”), from afficere (“to act upon, influence”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "affects",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "affect (plural affects)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "affection"
},
{
"word": "affectionate"
},
{
"word": "affective"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Psychology"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
160,
167
]
],
"ref": "1899, Sigmund Freud, translated by Joyce Crick, The Interpretation of Dreams, Oxford, published 2008, page 62:",
"text": "if we are afraid of robbers in a dream, the robbers are certainly imaginary, but the fear is real. This draws our attention to the fact that the development of affects [translating Affectentwicklung] in dreams is not amenable to the judgement we make of the rest of the dream-content [...].",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
119,
125
]
],
"ref": "2004, Jeffrey Greenberg, Thomas A Pyszczynski, Handbook of Experimental Existential Psychology, page 407:",
"text": "A third study demonstrated that the effects of self-affirmation on self-regulated performance were not due to positive affect.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A subjective feeling experienced in response to a thought or other stimulus."
],
"links": [
[
"psychology",
"psychology"
],
[
"feeling",
"feeling"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(psychology) A subjective feeling experienced in response to a thought or other stimulus."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"psychology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "from 19th c.",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Psychology"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
56,
62
]
],
"ref": "2026 September 4, Olga Khazan, “The Dark Side of Mindfulness”, in The Atlantic, retrieved 19 Sep 2026:",
"text": "Britton has straight blond hair, blue eyes, and a muted affect. When you say something to her, she pauses, as if considering whether or not to smile. A colleague once suggested to her that she might be autistic. “And I’m like, ‘Okay,’” she told me one day recently.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Mood, emotion, especially as demonstrated in external physical signs."
],
"links": [
[
"psychology",
"psychology"
],
[
"Mood",
"moon"
],
[
"emotion",
"emotion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(psychology) Mood, emotion, especially as demonstrated in external physical signs."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"psychology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "14th–17th c.",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"One's mood or inclination; mental state."
],
"links": [
[
"mood",
"mood"
],
[
"inclination",
"inclination"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) One's mood or inclination; mental state."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "16th–17th c.",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A desire, an appetite."
],
"links": [
[
"desire",
"desire"
],
[
"appetite",
"appetite"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A desire, an appetite."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "ă'fĕkt"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈæ.fɛkt/"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "afékt",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "афе́кт"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "afecte"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "affect"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"word": "afekcio"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"word": "affekti"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Affekt"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "aísthisi",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "αίσθηση"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"word": "affektus"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"word": "érzelmi változás/jelenség"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"word": "felindultság"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"word": "afek"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"word": "emosi"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"word": "perasaan"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "affekt"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "afekt"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"word": "afeto"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "affékt",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "аффе́кт"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aфект"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "afekt"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"sense": "psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "afekt"
}
],
"word": "affect"
}
Download raw JSONL data for affect meaning in English (75.0kB)
{
"called_from": "core/1021",
"msg": "too many args (3) in argument reference: ('page', '', '\\U0010273c')",
"path": [
"affect",
"Template:RQ:Milton Eikonoklastes"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "affect",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (c1bb342 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.