"psychology" meaning in English

See psychology in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /saɪˈkɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/ [Received-Pronunciation], /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ [General-American], /sɑɪˈkɔl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/ [General-Australian] Audio: en-us-psychology.ogg Forms: psychologies [plural]
enPR: sī-kŏlʹə-jē [Received-Pronunciation] Rhymes: -ɒlədʒi Etymology: From French psychologie, from Renaissance Latin psychologia, from Ancient Greek ψυχή (psukhḗ, “soul”) + -λογία (-logía, “study of”), equivalent to psycho- + -logy. The Latin term is believed by some to have been coined in a lost treatise by Croatian humanist Marko Marulić (1450–1524), but this is disputed by other scholars. It is first attested in the 1570s, at which time it was apparently already current, and may be a Hellenization of the established expression dē animā (“on the soul”) in titles. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|fr|psychologie}} French psychologie, {{der|en|la-ren|psychologia}} Renaissance Latin psychologia, {{der|en|grc|ψυχή|t=soul}} Ancient Greek ψυχή (psukhḗ, “soul”), {{confix|en|psycho-|-logy}} psycho- + -logy, {{etydate/the|1570s}} the 1570s, {{etydate|1570s|nocap=1}} first attested in the 1570s Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} psychology (countable and uncountable, plural psychologies)
  1. (uncountable) The study of the human mind. Wikidata QID: Q9418 Tags: uncountable Translations (study of the human mind): sielkunde (Afrikaans), psigologie (Afrikaans), psikologji [feminine] (Albanian), psikoloji [feminine] (Antillean Creole), sikoloji [feminine] (Antillean Creole), سَيْكُولُوجْيَا (saykolōjyā) [feminine] (Arabic), عِلْم النَّفْس (ʕilm an-nafs) [masculine] (Arabic), հոգեբանություն (hogebanutʻyun) (Armenian), sicoloxía [feminine] (Asturian), psixologiya [Roman] (Azerbaijani), psikologia (Basque), псіхало́гія (psixalóhija) [feminine] (Belarusian), псіхалёгія (psixaljóhija) [feminine] (Belarusian), псы́хіка (psýxika) [feminine] (Belarusian), মনোবিজ্ঞান (monōbiggên) (Bengali), bredoniezh [feminine] (Breton), психоло́гия (psihológija) [feminine] (Bulgarian), စိတ္တဗေဒ (citta.beda.) (Burmese), စိတ်ပညာ (citpa.nya) (Burmese), psicologia [feminine] (Catalan), 心理學 (Chinese Mandarin), 心理学 (xīnlǐxué) (Chinese Mandarin), психологи (psih̬ologi) (Chuvash), brysonieth [feminine] (Cornish), psychologie [feminine] (Czech), psykologi [common-gender] (Danish), psychologie [feminine] (Dutch), zielkunde [feminine] (Dutch), psikologio (Esperanto), psühholoogia (Estonian), sálarfrøði [feminine] (Faroese), psykologia (Finnish), psychologie [feminine] (French), psicoloxía [feminine] (Galician), ფსიქოლოგია (psikologia) (Georgian), Psychologie [feminine] (German), Seelenkunde [dated, feminine] (German), ψυχολογία (psychología) [feminine] (Greek), મનોવિજ્ઞાન (manovijñān) (Gujarati), פְּסִיכוֹלוֹגְיָה (psikhológya) [feminine] (Hebrew), मनोविज्ञान (manovijñān) (Hindi), pszichológia (Hungarian), lélektan (Hungarian), sálfræði [feminine] (Icelandic), psikologio (Ido), psikologi (Indonesian), síceolaíocht [feminine] (Irish), aigneolaíocht [feminine] (Irish), psicologia [feminine] (Italian), 心理学 (shinrigaku) (alt: しんりがく) (Japanese), サイコロジー (saikorojī) (Japanese), ಮನಶ್ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ (manaśśāstra) (Kannada), психология (psixologiä) (Kazakh), жантану (jantanu) (Kazakh), ចិត្តវិជ្ជា (cət vicciə) (Khmer), ចិត្តសាស្ត្រ (cət saah) (Khmer), 심리학 (simnihak) (alt: 心理學) (Korean), психология (psihologiya) (Kyrgyz), ຈິດຕະວິທະຍາ (chit ta wi tha nyā) (Lao), psychologia (Latin), psiholoģija [feminine] (Latvian), psichologija [feminine] (Lithuanian), психологија (psihologija) [feminine] (Macedonian), ilmu jiwa (Malay), psikologi (Malay), മനഃശാസ്ത്രം (manaḥśāstraṁ) (Malayalam), psikoloġija [feminine] (Maltese), mātauranga hinengaro (Maori), mātai hinengaro (Maori), मानसशास्त्र (mānasśāstra) (Marathi), сэтгэл судлал (setgel sudlal) [Cyrillic] (Mongolian), ániʼ dóó ntsékees naalkaah (Navajo), मनोविज्ञान (manovigyān) (Nepali), psykologi [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), psykologi [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), psicologia [feminine] (Occitan), روانشناسی (ravân-šenâsi) (Persian), پسیکولوژی (psikoloži) [dated] (Persian), Seelenlia [feminine] (Plautdietsch), psychologia [feminine] (Polish), psicologia [feminine] (Portuguese), ਮਨੋਵਿਗਿਆਨ (manovigiāna) (Punjabi), psihologie [feminine] (Romanian), психоло́гия (psixológija) [feminine] (Russian), пси́хика (psíxika) [feminine] (Russian), ᱢᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ (môn saṇes) (Santali), psychology (Scots), eòlas-inntinn [masculine] (Scottish Gaelic), психоло̀гија [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), psihològija [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), psiculuggìa [feminine] (Sicilian), psychológia [feminine] (Slovak), psihologija [feminine] (Slovene), psicología [feminine] (Spanish), saikolojia (Swahili), elimunafsia (Swahili), psykologi [common-gender] (Swedish), sikolohiya (Tagalog), психология (psixologiya) (Tajik), равоншиносӣ (ravonšinosi) (Tajik), உளவியல் (uḷaviyal) (Tamil), психология (psixoloğiyä) (Tatar), మానసిక శాస్త్రము (mānasika śāstramu) (Telugu), จิตวิทยา (jìt-dtà-wít-tá-yaa) (Thai), ruh bilimi (Turkish), psihologiýa (Turkmen), психоло́гія (psyxolóhija) [feminine] (Ukrainian), пси́хіка (psýxika) [feminine] (Ukrainian), پسىخولوگىيە (psixologiye) (Uyghur), psixologiya (Uzbek), tâm lý học (Vietnamese), lanav (Volapük), seicoleg [feminine] (Welsh), психология (psiqologiya) (Yakut), פּסיכאָלאָגיע (psikhologye) [feminine] (Yiddish), psikoloci [Southern-Zazaki] (Zazaki)
    Sense id: en-psychology-en-noun-en:Q9418 Disambiguation of 'study of the human mind': 83 7 8 2
  2. (uncountable) The study of human or animal behavior. Tags: uncountable Translations (the study of human or animal behavior): sielkunde (Afrikaans), psigologie (Afrikaans), سَيْكُولُوجْيَا (saykolōjyā) [feminine] (Arabic), عِلْم النَّفْس (ʕilm an-nafs) [masculine] (Arabic), հոգեբանություն (hogebanutʻyun) (Armenian), sicoloxía [feminine] (Asturian), psixologiya (Azerbaijani), psicologia [feminine] (Catalan), 心理學 (Chinese Mandarin), 心理学 (xīnlǐxué) (Chinese Mandarin), brysonieth [feminine] (Cornish), psychologie [feminine] (Czech), psychologie [feminine] (Dutch), psykologia (Finnish), käyttäytymistiede (Finnish), psychologie [feminine] (French), psicoloxía [feminine] (Galician), ფსიქოლოგია (psikologia) (Georgian), Psychologie [feminine] (German), ψυχολογία (psychología) [feminine] (Greek), pszichológia (Hungarian), 心理学 (shinrigaku) (alt: しんりがく) (Japanese), サイコロジー (saikorojī) (Japanese), 심리학 (simnihak) (alt: 心理學) (Korean), psiholoģija [feminine] (Latvian), психоло́гија (psihológija) [feminine] (Macedonian), ilmu jiwa (Malay), psikologi (Malay), mātai hinengaro (Maori), ániʼ dóó ntsékees naalkaah (Navajo), psykologi [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), psykologi [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), روانشناسی (ravân-šenâsi) (Persian), psicologia [feminine] (Portuguese), психоло́гия (psixológija) [feminine] (Russian), psychology (Scots), eòlas-inntinn [masculine] (Scottish Gaelic), علم روح (elmi-ruh) (South Azerbaijani), psicología [feminine] (Spanish), sikolohiya (Tagalog), ruh bilimi (Turkish), seicoleg [feminine] (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-psychology-en-noun-faFu8hXr Disambiguation of 'the study of human or animal behavior': 9 82 8 1
  3. (uncountable, chiefly historical) The study of the soul. Tags: historical, uncountable
    Sense id: en-psychology-en-noun-KbfWrq1S
  4. (countable) The mental, emotional, and behavioral characteristics pertaining to a specified person, group, or activity. Tags: countable Categories (topical): Psychology, Social sciences Translations (the mental characteristics of a particular individual): sielkunde (Afrikaans), psigologie (Afrikaans), հոգեբանություն (hogebanutʻyun) (Armenian), psixologiya (Azerbaijani), ruhiyyət (Azerbaijani), psicologia [feminine] (Catalan), 心理 (xīnlǐ) (Chinese Mandarin), brysonieth [feminine] (Cornish), psychologie [feminine] (Czech), psychologie [feminine] (Dutch), mielenlaatu (Finnish), psyyke (Finnish), psychologie [feminine] (French), psicoloxía [feminine] (Galician), Psychologie [feminine] (German), ψυχολογία (psychología) (Greek), 心理 (shinri) (alt: しんり) (Japanese), 심리 (simni) (alt: 心理) (Korean), psiholoģija [feminine] (Latvian), психологија (psihologija) [feminine] (Macedonian), ilmu jiwa (Malay), psikologi (Malay), psykologi [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), psykologi [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), psicologia [feminine] (Portuguese), психоло́гия (psixológija) [feminine] (Russian), psychology (Scots), psicología [feminine] (Spanish), psikoloji (Turkish), seicoleg [feminine] (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-psychology-en-noun-zXjsmtgF Disambiguation of Psychology: 4 6 4 86 Disambiguation of Social sciences: 4 6 4 86 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English links with redundant alt parameters, English links with redundant wikilinks, English terms prefixed with psych-, English terms prefixed with psycho-, English terms suffixed with -logy, English terms suffixed with -ology, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Afrikaans translations, Terms with Albanian translations, Terms with Antillean Creole translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Asturian translations, Terms with Azerbaijani translations, Terms with Basque translations, Terms with Belarusian translations, Terms with Bengali translations, Terms with Breton translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Burmese translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Chuvash translations, Terms with Cornish translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Estonian translations, Terms with Faroese translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Gujarati translations, Terms with Hebrew translations, Terms with Hindi translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Icelandic translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Indonesian translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Kannada translations, Terms with Kazakh translations, Terms with Khmer translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Kyrgyz translations, Terms with Lao translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Malay translations, Terms with Malayalam translations, Terms with Maltese translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Maori translations, Terms with Marathi translations, Terms with Mongolian translations, Terms with Navajo translations, Terms with Nepali translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Occitan translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Plautdietsch translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Punjabi translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Santali translations, Terms with Scots translations, Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Sicilian translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swahili translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Tagalog translations, Terms with Tajik translations, Terms with Tamil translations, Terms with Tatar translations, Terms with Telugu translations, Terms with Thai translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Turkmen translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Uyghur translations, Terms with Uzbek translations, Terms with Vietnamese translations, Terms with Volapük translations, Terms with Welsh translations, Terms with Yakut translations, Terms with Yiddish translations, Terms with Zazaki translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 4 10 4 83 Disambiguation of English links with redundant alt parameters: 3 8 3 86 Disambiguation of English links with redundant wikilinks: 3 8 3 87 Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with psych-: 9 9 9 72 Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with psycho-: 18 18 9 54 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -logy: 7 7 7 80 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ology: 6 6 6 81 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 6 6 6 82 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 4 7 4 85 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 3 3 3 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Afrikaans translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Albanian translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Antillean Creole translations: 3 4 1 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 12 12 4 72 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Asturian translations: 12 13 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Azerbaijani translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Basque translations: 12 12 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Belarusian translations: 12 13 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Bengali translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Breton translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 12 12 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Burmese translations: 9 16 3 73 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 12 12 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Chuvash translations: 12 12 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Cornish translations: 12 12 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 9 13 3 75 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 7 7 3 83 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 6 6 6 82 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 5 5 5 86 Disambiguation of Terms with Estonian translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Faroese translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 12 12 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 4 4 4 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 12 12 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 6 6 6 83 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 5 15 5 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Gujarati translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Hebrew translations: 12 12 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Hindi translations: 8 17 4 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 9 15 3 73 Disambiguation of Terms with Icelandic translations: 12 12 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Ido translations: 4 4 4 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Indonesian translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Irish translations: 12 12 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 5 5 5 86 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 5 5 5 86 Disambiguation of Terms with Kannada translations: 13 13 5 70 Disambiguation of Terms with Kazakh translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Khmer translations: 12 12 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 12 12 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Kyrgyz translations: 12 12 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Lao translations: 11 11 5 73 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 5 5 5 86 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Lithuanian translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Malay translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Malayalam translations: 5 5 5 86 Disambiguation of Terms with Maltese translations: 12 13 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 5 16 5 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Maori translations: 12 12 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Marathi translations: 4 4 4 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Mongolian translations: 8 12 3 77 Disambiguation of Terms with Navajo translations: 5 5 5 84 Disambiguation of Terms with Nepali translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 13 14 5 68 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 4 4 1 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Occitan translations: 5 5 5 85 Disambiguation of Terms with Persian translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Plautdietsch translations: 2 2 2 95 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 12 12 4 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 8 8 3 80 Disambiguation of Terms with Punjabi translations: 12 12 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 12 12 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 5 5 5 86 Disambiguation of Terms with Santali translations: 6 6 6 83 Disambiguation of Terms with Scots translations: 10 10 4 76 Disambiguation of Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations: 13 13 5 70 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 8 8 4 80 Disambiguation of Terms with Sicilian translations: 12 12 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovene translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 3 3 3 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Swahili translations: 6 6 6 82 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 11 12 3 73 Disambiguation of Terms with Tagalog translations: 12 12 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Tajik translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Tamil translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Tatar translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Telugu translations: 13 13 5 70 Disambiguation of Terms with Thai translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 11 12 3 73 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkmen translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 12 12 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Uyghur translations: 12 12 5 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Uzbek translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Vietnamese translations: 9 9 3 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Volapük translations: 5 5 5 86 Disambiguation of Terms with Welsh translations: 4 4 4 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Yakut translations: 11 12 4 73 Disambiguation of Terms with Yiddish translations: 4 4 4 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Zazaki translations: 5 5 5 86 Disambiguation of 'the mental characteristics of a particular individual': 4 9 0 87
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: psychology Holonyms: social science Meronyms: abnormal psychology, biological psychology, cognitive psychology, evolutionary psychology, developmental psychology, personality psychology, social psychology

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "abnormal psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "act psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "antipsychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "armchair psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "behavioral psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "behavioural psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "biological psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "biopsychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "chronopsychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "clinical psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "cod psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "cognitive psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "content psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "criminal psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "crowd psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "cyberpsychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "depth psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "depth-psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "developmental psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "differential psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ecopsychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "educational psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ethnopsychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "evolutionary psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "geropsychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Gestalt psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "gestalt psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "individual psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "industrial-organizational psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "metapsychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "morphopsychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "neuropsychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "orthopsychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "paedopsychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "paidopsychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "palaeopsychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "parapsychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "pedopsychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "personality psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "political psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "positive psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "psychologism"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "psychologist"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "psychologylike"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "reverse psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "robopsychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "social psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "sociopsychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "telepsychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "xenopsychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zoopsychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zoöpsychology"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "psychologie"
      },
      "expansion": "French psychologie",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la-ren",
        "3": "psychologia"
      },
      "expansion": "Renaissance Latin psychologia",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ψυχή",
        "t": "soul"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ψυχή (psukhḗ, “soul”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "psycho-",
        "3": "-logy"
      },
      "expansion": "psycho- + -logy",
      "name": "confix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1570s"
      },
      "expansion": "the 1570s",
      "name": "etydate/the"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1570s",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "first attested in the 1570s",
      "name": "etydate"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From French psychologie, from Renaissance Latin psychologia, from Ancient Greek ψυχή (psukhḗ, “soul”) + -λογία (-logía, “study of”), equivalent to psycho- + -logy. The Latin term is believed by some to have been coined in a lost treatise by Croatian humanist Marko Marulić (1450–1524), but this is disputed by other scholars. It is first attested in the 1570s, at which time it was apparently already current, and may be a Hellenization of the established expression dē animā (“on the soul”) in titles.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "psychologies",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "psychology (countable and uncountable, plural psychologies)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "holonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "social science"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "psy‧chol‧o‧gy"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "meronyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "abnormal psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "biological psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "cognitive psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "evolutionary psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "developmental psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "personality psychology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "social psychology"
    }
  ],
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "psyche"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "psyched up"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "psychiatrist"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "psychiatry"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "psychotherapy"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "mind"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "behavior"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "emotion"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "perception"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "sensation"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "memory"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "cognition"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "volition"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "drive"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "instinct"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "motivation"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "insanity"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": ":Category:Psychology"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2023, Friedrich Nietzsche, Twilight of the Idols: Bilingual English & German Edition, Newcomb Livraria Press, →ISBN, page 9:",
          "text": "Idleness is the beginning of all psychology .",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The study of the human mind."
      ],
      "id": "en-psychology-en-noun-en:Q9418",
      "links": [
        [
          "study",
          "study"
        ],
        [
          "human",
          "human"
        ],
        [
          "mind",
          "mind"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable) The study of the human mind."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:Q9418"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "sielkunde"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "psigologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psikologji"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "gcf",
          "lang": "Antillean Creole",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psikoloji"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "gcf",
          "lang": "Antillean Creole",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "sikoloji"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "saykolōjyā",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "سَيْكُولُوجْيَا"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ʕilm an-nafs",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "عِلْم النَّفْس"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "hogebanutʻyun",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "հոգեբանություն"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "ast",
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "sicoloxía"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "psixologiya"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "eu",
          "lang": "Basque",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "psikologia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "psixalóhija",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "псіхало́гія"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "psixaljóhija",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "псіхалёгія"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "psýxika",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "псы́хіка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "bn",
          "lang": "Bengali",
          "roman": "monōbiggên",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "মনোবিজ্ঞান"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "br",
          "lang": "Breton",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bredoniezh"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "psihológija",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "психоло́гия"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "my",
          "lang": "Burmese",
          "roman": "citta.beda.",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "စိတ္တဗေဒ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "my",
          "lang": "Burmese",
          "roman": "citpa.nya",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "စိတ်ပညာ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psicologia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "心理學"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "xīnlǐxué",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "心理学"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "cv",
          "lang": "Chuvash",
          "roman": "psih̬ologi",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "психологи"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "kw",
          "lang": "Cornish",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "brysonieth"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psychologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "psykologi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psychologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "zielkunde"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "psikologio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "psühholoogia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "fo",
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "sálarfrøði"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "psykologia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psychologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psicoloxía"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "psikologia",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "ფსიქოლოგია"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Psychologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "dated",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Seelenkunde"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "psychología",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ψυχολογία"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "gu",
          "lang": "Gujarati",
          "roman": "manovijñān",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "મનોવિજ્ઞાન"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "psikhológya",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "פְּסִיכוֹלוֹגְיָה"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "manovijñān",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "मनोविज्ञान"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "pszichológia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "lélektan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "sálfræði"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "psikologio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "psikologi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "síceolaíocht"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "aigneolaíocht"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psicologia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "alt": "しんりがく",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "shinrigaku",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "心理学"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "saikorojī",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "サイコロジー"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "kn",
          "lang": "Kannada",
          "roman": "manaśśāstra",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "ಮನಶ್ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "psixologiä",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "психология"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "jantanu",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "жантану"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "cət vicciə",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "ចិត្តវិជ្ជា"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "cət saah",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "ចិត្តសាស្ត្រ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "alt": "心理學",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "simnihak",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "심리학"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "psihologiya",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "психология"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "lo",
          "lang": "Lao",
          "roman": "chit ta wi tha nyā",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "ຈິດຕະວິທະຍາ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "psychologia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psiholoģija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psichologija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "psihologija",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "психологија"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "ilmu jiwa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "psikologi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "ml",
          "lang": "Malayalam",
          "roman": "manaḥśāstraṁ",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "മനഃശാസ്ത്രം"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "mt",
          "lang": "Maltese",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psikoloġija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "mātauranga hinengaro"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "mātai hinengaro"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "mr",
          "lang": "Marathi",
          "roman": "mānasśāstra",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "मानसशास्त्र"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "mn",
          "lang": "Mongolian",
          "roman": "setgel sudlal",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "сэтгэл судлал"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "nv",
          "lang": "Navajo",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "ániʼ dóó ntsékees naalkaah"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "ne",
          "lang": "Nepali",
          "roman": "manovigyān",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "मनोविज्ञान"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "psykologi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "psykologi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psicologia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "ravân-šenâsi",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "روانشناسی"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "psikoloži",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "dated"
          ],
          "word": "پسیکولوژی"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "pdt",
          "lang": "Plautdietsch",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Seelenlia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psychologia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psicologia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "pa",
          "lang": "Punjabi",
          "roman": "manovigiāna",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "ਮਨੋਵਿਗਿਆਨ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psihologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "psixológija",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "психоло́гия"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "psíxika",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "пси́хика"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "sat",
          "lang": "Santali",
          "roman": "môn saṇes",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "ᱢᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "sco",
          "lang": "Scots",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "psychology"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "eòlas-inntinn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "психоло̀гија"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psihològija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "scn",
          "lang": "Sicilian",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psiculuggìa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psychológia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psihologija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psicología"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "sw",
          "lang": "Swahili",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "saikolojia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "sw",
          "lang": "Swahili",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "elimunafsia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "psykologi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "sikolohiya"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "psixologiya",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "психология"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "ravonšinosi",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "равоншиносӣ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "ta",
          "lang": "Tamil",
          "roman": "uḷaviyal",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "உளவியல்"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "tt",
          "lang": "Tatar",
          "roman": "psixoloğiyä",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "психология"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "te",
          "lang": "Telugu",
          "roman": "mānasika śāstramu",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "మానసిక శాస్త్రము"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "jìt-dtà-wít-tá-yaa",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "จิตวิทยา"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "ruh bilimi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "tk",
          "lang": "Turkmen",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "psihologiýa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "psyxolóhija",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "психоло́гія"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "psýxika",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "пси́хіка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "ug",
          "lang": "Uyghur",
          "roman": "psixologiye",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "پسىخولوگىيە"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "psixologiya"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "tâm lý học"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "vo",
          "lang": "Volapük",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "lanav"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "seicoleg"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "sah",
          "lang": "Yakut",
          "roman": "psiqologiya",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "word": "психология"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "yi",
          "lang": "Yiddish",
          "roman": "psikhologye",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "פּסיכאָלאָגיע"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 7 8 2",
          "code": "zza",
          "lang": "Zazaki",
          "sense": "study of the human mind",
          "tags": [
            "Southern-Zazaki"
          ],
          "word": "psikoloci"
        }
      ],
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        "Q9418"
      ]
    },
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      ],
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          "animal"
        ],
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          "behavior",
          "behavior"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable) The study of human or animal behavior."
      ],
      "tags": [
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      ],
      "translations": [
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          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "sielkunde"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "psigologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "saykolōjyā",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "سَيْكُولُوجْيَا"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ʕilm an-nafs",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "عِلْم النَّفْس"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "hogebanutʻyun",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "հոգեբանություն"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "ast",
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "sicoloxía"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "psixologiya"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "South Azerbaijani",
          "roman": "elmi-ruh",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "علم روح"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psicologia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "心理學"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "xīnlǐxué",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "心理学"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "kw",
          "lang": "Cornish",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "brysonieth"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psychologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psychologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "psykologia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "käyttäytymistiede"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psychologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psicoloxía"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "psikologia",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "ფსიქოლოგია"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Psychologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "psychología",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ψυχολογία"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "pszichológia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "alt": "しんりがく",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "shinrigaku",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "心理学"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "saikorojī",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "サイコロジー"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "alt": "心理學",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "simnihak",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "심리학"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psiholoģija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "psihológija",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "психоло́гија"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "ilmu jiwa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "psikologi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "mātai hinengaro"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "nv",
          "lang": "Navajo",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "ániʼ dóó ntsékees naalkaah"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "psykologi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "psykologi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "ravân-šenâsi",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "روانشناسی"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psicologia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "psixológija",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "психоло́гия"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "sco",
          "lang": "Scots",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "psychology"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "eòlas-inntinn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psicología"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "sikolohiya"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "word": "ruh bilimi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 82 8 1",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "seicoleg"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2010, Harold Tarrant, “Platonism before Plotinus”, in Lloyd P. Gerson, editor, The Cambridge History of Philosophy in Late Antiquity, volume 1, →ISBN:",
          "text": "Alcinous in Didascalius chapter 23 uses the three physical locations of the human soul from Timaeus 69c–72c […] to lead into a dedicated discussion of psychology.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The study of the soul."
      ],
      "id": "en-psychology-en-noun-KbfWrq1S",
      "links": [
        [
          "soul",
          "soul"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable, chiefly historical) The study of the soul."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 10 4 83",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 8 3 86",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 8 3 87",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
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            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 9 9 72",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms prefixed with psych-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 9 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms prefixed with psycho-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 7 80",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -logy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 6 6 81",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ology",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 6 6 82",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 7 4 85",
          "kind": "other",
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        {
          "_dis": "4 6 4 86",
          "kind": "topical",
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            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
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          "kind": "topical",
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            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
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      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1970, Mary M. Luke, A Crown for Elizabeth, page 8:",
          "text": "For generations, historians have conjectured everything from a warped psychology to a deformed body as accounting for Elizabeth's preferred spinsterhood...",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1969, Victor Alba, The Latin Americans, page 42:",
          "text": "In the United States, the psychology of a laborer, a farmer, a businessman does not differ in any important respect.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The mental, emotional, and behavioral characteristics pertaining to a specified person, group, or activity."
      ],
      "id": "en-psychology-en-noun-zXjsmtgF",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(countable) The mental, emotional, and behavioral characteristics pertaining to a specified person, group, or activity."
      ],
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        "countable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "word": "sielkunde"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "word": "psigologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "hogebanutʻyun",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "word": "հոգեբանություն"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "word": "psixologiya"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "word": "ruhiyyət"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psicologia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "xīnlǐ",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "word": "心理"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "kw",
          "lang": "Cornish",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "brysonieth"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psychologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psychologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "word": "mielenlaatu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "word": "psyyke"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psychologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psicoloxía"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Psychologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "psychología",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "word": "ψυχολογία"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "alt": "しんり",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "shinri",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "word": "心理"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "alt": "心理",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "simni",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "word": "심리"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psiholoģija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "psihologija",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "психологија"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "word": "ilmu jiwa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "word": "psikologi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "psykologi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "psykologi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psicologia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "psixológija",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "психоло́гия"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "sco",
          "lang": "Scots",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "word": "psychology"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psicología"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "word": "psikoloji"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 9 0 87",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "seicoleg"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "enpr": "sī-kŏlʹə-jē",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/saɪˈkɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-psychology.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/En-us-psychology.ogg/En-us-psychology.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/En-us-psychology.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɑɪˈkɔl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-Australian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɒlədʒi"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "psychology"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Marko Marulić",
    "industrial-organizational psychology",
    "personality psychology",
    "political psychology",
    "positive psychology",
    "psychology"
  ],
  "word": "psychology"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English links with redundant alt parameters",
    "English links with redundant wikilinks",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from French",
    "English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms derived from French",
    "English terms derived from Renaissance Latin",
    "English terms prefixed with psych-",
    "English terms prefixed with psycho-",
    "English terms suffixed with -logy",
    "English terms suffixed with -ology",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for review of Albanian translations",
    "Requests for review of Basque translations",
    "Requests for review of Dutch translations",
    "Requests for review of Esperanto translations",
    "Requests for review of Latin translations",
    "Requests for review of Romanian translations",
    "Requests for review of Swedish translations",
    "Requests for review of Telugu translations",
    "Requests for review of Thai translations",
    "Requests for review of Turkish translations",
    "Rhymes:English/ɒlədʒi",
    "Rhymes:English/ɒlədʒi/4 syllables",
    "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
    "Terms with Albanian translations",
    "Terms with Antillean Creole translations",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Asturian translations",
    "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
    "Terms with Basque translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Bengali translations",
    "Terms with Breton translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Burmese translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Chuvash translations",
    "Terms with Cornish translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Estonian translations",
    "Terms with Faroese translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Gujarati translations",
    "Terms with Hebrew translations",
    "Terms with Hindi translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Icelandic translations",
    "Terms with Ido translations",
    "Terms with Indonesian translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Kannada translations",
    "Terms with Kazakh translations",
    "Terms with Khmer translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
    "Terms with Lao translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Malay translations",
    "Terms with Malayalam translations",
    "Terms with Maltese translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Maori translations",
    "Terms with Marathi translations",
    "Terms with Mongolian translations",
    "Terms with Navajo translations",
    "Terms with Nepali translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
    "Terms with Occitan translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Punjabi translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Santali translations",
    "Terms with Scots translations",
    "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Sicilian translations",
    "Terms with Slovak translations",
    "Terms with Slovene translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swahili translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Tagalog translations",
    "Terms with Tajik translations",
    "Terms with Tamil translations",
    "Terms with Tatar translations",
    "Terms with Telugu translations",
    "Terms with Thai translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Turkmen translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Uyghur translations",
    "Terms with Uzbek translations",
    "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
    "Terms with Volapük translations",
    "Terms with Welsh translations",
    "Terms with Yakut translations",
    "Terms with Yiddish translations",
    "Terms with Zazaki translations",
    "en:Psychology",
    "en:Social sciences"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "abnormal psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "act psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "antipsychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "armchair psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "behavioral psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "behavioural psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "biological psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "biopsychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "chronopsychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "clinical psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "cod psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "cognitive psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "content psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "criminal psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "crowd psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "cyberpsychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "depth psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "depth-psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "developmental psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "differential psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "ecopsychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "educational psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "ethnopsychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "evolutionary psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "geropsychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "Gestalt psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "gestalt psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "individual psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "industrial-organizational psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "metapsychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "morphopsychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "neuropsychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "orthopsychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "paedopsychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "paidopsychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "palaeopsychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "parapsychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "pedopsychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "personality psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "political psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "positive psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "psychologism"
    },
    {
      "word": "psychologist"
    },
    {
      "word": "psychologylike"
    },
    {
      "word": "reverse psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "robopsychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "social psychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "sociopsychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "telepsychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "xenopsychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "zoopsychology"
    },
    {
      "word": "zoöpsychology"
    }
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        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "first attested in the 1570s",
      "name": "etydate"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From French psychologie, from Renaissance Latin psychologia, from Ancient Greek ψυχή (psukhḗ, “soul”) + -λογία (-logía, “study of”), equivalent to psycho- + -logy. The Latin term is believed by some to have been coined in a lost treatise by Croatian humanist Marko Marulić (1450–1524), but this is disputed by other scholars. It is first attested in the 1570s, at which time it was apparently already current, and may be a Hellenization of the established expression dē animā (“on the soul”) in titles.",
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      "word": "social science"
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  "hyphenation": [
    "psy‧chol‧o‧gy"
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  "lang_code": "en",
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      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "abnormal psychology"
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    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "biological psychology"
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    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
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    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "evolutionary psychology"
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    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "developmental psychology"
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    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "personality psychology"
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    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "social psychology"
    }
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      "word": "psyche"
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    {
      "word": "psyched up"
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    {
      "word": "psychiatrist"
    },
    {
      "word": "psychiatry"
    },
    {
      "word": "psychotherapy"
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    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "mind"
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    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "behavior"
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    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "emotion"
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    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "perception"
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    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "sensation"
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      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "memory"
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      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "cognition"
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    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "volition"
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    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
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      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "instinct"
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    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "motivation"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "insanity"
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    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": ":Category:Psychology"
    }
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    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English uncountable nouns"
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      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2023, Friedrich Nietzsche, Twilight of the Idols: Bilingual English & German Edition, Newcomb Livraria Press, →ISBN, page 9:",
          "text": "Idleness is the beginning of all psychology .",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The study of the human mind."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "study",
          "study"
        ],
        [
          "human",
          "human"
        ],
        [
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          "mind"
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        "(uncountable) The study of the human mind."
      ],
      "senseid": [
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        "uncountable"
      ],
      "wikidata": [
        "Q9418"
      ]
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      "categories": [
        "English uncountable nouns"
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      "glosses": [
        "The study of human or animal behavior."
      ],
      "links": [
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          "animal"
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          "behavior",
          "behavior"
        ]
      ],
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        "(uncountable) The study of human or animal behavior."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with historical senses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English uncountable nouns"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2010, Harold Tarrant, “Platonism before Plotinus”, in Lloyd P. Gerson, editor, The Cambridge History of Philosophy in Late Antiquity, volume 1, →ISBN:",
          "text": "Alcinous in Didascalius chapter 23 uses the three physical locations of the human soul from Timaeus 69c–72c […] to lead into a dedicated discussion of psychology.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The study of the soul."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "soul",
          "soul"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable, chiefly historical) The study of the soul."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1970, Mary M. Luke, A Crown for Elizabeth, page 8:",
          "text": "For generations, historians have conjectured everything from a warped psychology to a deformed body as accounting for Elizabeth's preferred spinsterhood...",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1969, Victor Alba, The Latin Americans, page 42:",
          "text": "In the United States, the psychology of a laborer, a farmer, a businessman does not differ in any important respect.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The mental, emotional, and behavioral characteristics pertaining to a specified person, group, or activity."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(countable) The mental, emotional, and behavioral characteristics pertaining to a specified person, group, or activity."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable"
      ]
    }
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  "sounds": [
    {
      "enpr": "sī-kŏlʹə-jē",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/saɪˈkɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
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      "audio": "en-us-psychology.ogg",
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      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/En-us-psychology.ogg"
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      "ipa": "/sɑɪˈkɔl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-Australian"
      ]
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      "rhymes": "-ɒlədʒi"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:psychology",
      "word": "psychology"
    }
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  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "sielkunde"
    },
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "psigologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psikologji"
    },
    {
      "code": "gcf",
      "lang": "Antillean Creole",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psikoloji"
    },
    {
      "code": "gcf",
      "lang": "Antillean Creole",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "sikoloji"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "saykolōjyā",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "سَيْكُولُوجْيَا"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʕilm an-nafs",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "عِلْم النَّفْس"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "hogebanutʻyun",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "հոգեբանություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "ast",
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "sicoloxía"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "psixologiya"
    },
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "psikologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "psixalóhija",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "псіхало́гія"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "psixaljóhija",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "псіхалёгія"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "psýxika",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "псы́хіка"
    },
    {
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "monōbiggên",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "মনোবিজ্ঞান"
    },
    {
      "code": "br",
      "lang": "Breton",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bredoniezh"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "psihológija",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "психоло́гия"
    },
    {
      "code": "my",
      "lang": "Burmese",
      "roman": "citta.beda.",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "စိတ္တဗေဒ"
    },
    {
      "code": "my",
      "lang": "Burmese",
      "roman": "citpa.nya",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "စိတ်ပညာ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psicologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "心理學"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "xīnlǐxué",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "心理学"
    },
    {
      "code": "cv",
      "lang": "Chuvash",
      "roman": "psih̬ologi",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "психологи"
    },
    {
      "code": "kw",
      "lang": "Cornish",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "brysonieth"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psychologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "psykologi"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psychologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "zielkunde"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "psikologio"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "psühholoogia"
    },
    {
      "code": "fo",
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "sálarfrøði"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "psykologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psychologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psicoloxía"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "psikologia",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "ფსიქოლოგია"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Psychologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Seelenkunde"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "psychología",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ψυχολογία"
    },
    {
      "code": "gu",
      "lang": "Gujarati",
      "roman": "manovijñān",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "મનોવિજ્ઞાન"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "psikhológya",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "פְּסִיכוֹלוֹגְיָה"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "manovijñān",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "मनोविज्ञान"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "pszichológia"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "lélektan"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "sálfræði"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "psikologio"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "psikologi"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "síceolaíocht"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "aigneolaíocht"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psicologia"
    },
    {
      "alt": "しんりがく",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "shinrigaku",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "心理学"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "saikorojī",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "サイコロジー"
    },
    {
      "code": "kn",
      "lang": "Kannada",
      "roman": "manaśśāstra",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "ಮನಶ್ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "psixologiä",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "психология"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "jantanu",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "жантану"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "cət vicciə",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "ចិត្តវិជ្ជា"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "cət saah",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "ចិត្តសាស្ត្រ"
    },
    {
      "alt": "心理學",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "simnihak",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "심리학"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "psihologiya",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "психология"
    },
    {
      "code": "lo",
      "lang": "Lao",
      "roman": "chit ta wi tha nyā",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "ຈິດຕະວິທະຍາ"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "psychologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psiholoģija"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psichologija"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "psihologija",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "психологија"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "ilmu jiwa"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "psikologi"
    },
    {
      "code": "ml",
      "lang": "Malayalam",
      "roman": "manaḥśāstraṁ",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "മനഃശാസ്ത്രം"
    },
    {
      "code": "mt",
      "lang": "Maltese",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psikoloġija"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "mātauranga hinengaro"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "mātai hinengaro"
    },
    {
      "code": "mr",
      "lang": "Marathi",
      "roman": "mānasśāstra",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "मानसशास्त्र"
    },
    {
      "code": "mn",
      "lang": "Mongolian",
      "roman": "setgel sudlal",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "сэтгэл судлал"
    },
    {
      "code": "nv",
      "lang": "Navajo",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "ániʼ dóó ntsékees naalkaah"
    },
    {
      "code": "ne",
      "lang": "Nepali",
      "roman": "manovigyān",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "मनोविज्ञान"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "psykologi"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "psykologi"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psicologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "ravân-šenâsi",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "روانشناسی"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "psikoloži",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "dated"
      ],
      "word": "پسیکولوژی"
    },
    {
      "code": "pdt",
      "lang": "Plautdietsch",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Seelenlia"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psychologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psicologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "pa",
      "lang": "Punjabi",
      "roman": "manovigiāna",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "ਮਨੋਵਿਗਿਆਨ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psihologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "psixológija",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "психоло́гия"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "psíxika",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "пси́хика"
    },
    {
      "code": "sat",
      "lang": "Santali",
      "roman": "môn saṇes",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "ᱢᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ"
    },
    {
      "code": "sco",
      "lang": "Scots",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "psychology"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "eòlas-inntinn"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "психоло̀гија"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psihològija"
    },
    {
      "code": "scn",
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psiculuggìa"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psychológia"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psihologija"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psicología"
    },
    {
      "code": "sw",
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "saikolojia"
    },
    {
      "code": "sw",
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "elimunafsia"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "psykologi"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "sikolohiya"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "psixologiya",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "психология"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "ravonšinosi",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "равоншиносӣ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ta",
      "lang": "Tamil",
      "roman": "uḷaviyal",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "உளவியல்"
    },
    {
      "code": "tt",
      "lang": "Tatar",
      "roman": "psixoloğiyä",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "психология"
    },
    {
      "code": "te",
      "lang": "Telugu",
      "roman": "mānasika śāstramu",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "మానసిక శాస్త్రము"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "jìt-dtà-wít-tá-yaa",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "จิตวิทยา"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "ruh bilimi"
    },
    {
      "code": "tk",
      "lang": "Turkmen",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "psihologiýa"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "psyxolóhija",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "психоло́гія"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "psýxika",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "пси́хіка"
    },
    {
      "code": "ug",
      "lang": "Uyghur",
      "roman": "psixologiye",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "پسىخولوگىيە"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "psixologiya"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "tâm lý học"
    },
    {
      "code": "vo",
      "lang": "Volapük",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "lanav"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "seicoleg"
    },
    {
      "code": "sah",
      "lang": "Yakut",
      "roman": "psiqologiya",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "word": "психология"
    },
    {
      "code": "yi",
      "lang": "Yiddish",
      "roman": "psikhologye",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "פּסיכאָלאָגיע"
    },
    {
      "code": "zza",
      "lang": "Zazaki",
      "sense": "study of the human mind",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-Zazaki"
      ],
      "word": "psikoloci"
    },
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "sielkunde"
    },
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "psigologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "saykolōjyā",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "سَيْكُولُوجْيَا"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʕilm an-nafs",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "عِلْم النَّفْس"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "hogebanutʻyun",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "հոգեբանություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "ast",
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "sicoloxía"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "psixologiya"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "South Azerbaijani",
      "roman": "elmi-ruh",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "علم روح"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psicologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "心理學"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "xīnlǐxué",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "心理学"
    },
    {
      "code": "kw",
      "lang": "Cornish",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "brysonieth"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psychologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psychologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "psykologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "käyttäytymistiede"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psychologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psicoloxía"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "psikologia",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "ფსიქოლოგია"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Psychologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "psychología",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ψυχολογία"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "pszichológia"
    },
    {
      "alt": "しんりがく",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "shinrigaku",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "心理学"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "saikorojī",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "サイコロジー"
    },
    {
      "alt": "心理學",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "simnihak",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "심리학"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psiholoģija"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "psihológija",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "психоло́гија"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "ilmu jiwa"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "psikologi"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "mātai hinengaro"
    },
    {
      "code": "nv",
      "lang": "Navajo",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "ániʼ dóó ntsékees naalkaah"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "psykologi"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "psykologi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "ravân-šenâsi",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "روانشناسی"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psicologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "psixológija",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "психоло́гия"
    },
    {
      "code": "sco",
      "lang": "Scots",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "psychology"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "eòlas-inntinn"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psicología"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "sikolohiya"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "word": "ruh bilimi"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "the study of human or animal behavior",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "seicoleg"
    },
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "word": "sielkunde"
    },
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "word": "psigologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "hogebanutʻyun",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "word": "հոգեբանություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "word": "psixologiya"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "word": "ruhiyyət"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psicologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "xīnlǐ",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "word": "心理"
    },
    {
      "code": "kw",
      "lang": "Cornish",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "brysonieth"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psychologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psychologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "word": "mielenlaatu"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "word": "psyyke"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psychologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psicoloxía"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Psychologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "psychología",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "word": "ψυχολογία"
    },
    {
      "alt": "しんり",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "shinri",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "word": "心理"
    },
    {
      "alt": "心理",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "simni",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "word": "심리"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psiholoģija"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "psihologija",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "психологија"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "word": "ilmu jiwa"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "word": "psikologi"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "psykologi"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "psykologi"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psicologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "psixológija",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "психоло́гия"
    },
    {
      "code": "sco",
      "lang": "Scots",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "word": "psychology"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psicología"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "word": "psikoloji"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "the mental characteristics of a particular individual",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "seicoleg"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Marko Marulić",
    "industrial-organizational psychology",
    "personality psychology",
    "political psychology",
    "positive psychology",
    "psychology"
  ],
  "word": "psychology"
}

Download raw JSONL data for psychology meaning in English (35.4kB)

{
  "called_from": "translations/369",
  "msg": "unrecognized prefix (language name?) in translation item: Abjad: روحيات (ruhiyat)",
  "path": [
    "psychology"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "psychology",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.