See mess in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for mess meaning in English (38.1kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "mesh",
"t": "mash"
},
"expansion": "Middle English mesh (“mash”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "muss"
},
"expansion": "muss",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps a corruption of Middle English mesh (“mash”), compare muss, or derived from Etymology 2 \"mixed foods, as for animals\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "messes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "mess (countable and uncountable, plural messes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2006 Feb. 3, Graham Linehan, The IT Crowd, Season 1, Episode 4",
"text": "No, look, I know that the place looks like a bit of a mess but it's actually a very delicate ecosystem. Everything is connected. It's like the rainforest. You change one thing, even the tiniest bit, and the whooole rainforest dies. You don't want the rainforest to die, do ya?"
},
{
"text": "He made a mess of it.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "My bedroom is such a mess; I need to tidy up.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A disagreeable mixture or confusion of things; hence, a situation resulting from blundering or from misunderstanding."
],
"id": "en-mess-en-noun-en:disorder",
"senseid": [
"en:disorder"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "disorder"
},
{
"word": "disorder"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "gemors"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "deurmekaarspul"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "fawḍā",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "فَوْضَى"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "iḵtilāṭ",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "اِخْتِلَاط"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "irtibāk",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "اِرْتِبَاك"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "iḍṭirāb",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "اِضْطِرَاب"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "karkaba",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "كَرْكَبة"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "laḵbaṭa",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "لَخْبَطَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵarbaṭa",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "خَرْبَطة"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ankargutʿyun",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "անկարգություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xaṙnašpʿotʿ",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "խառնաշփոթ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "anabasa"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bjesparádak",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "беспара́дак"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bardák",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барда́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bjazládzdzje",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "бязла́дздзе"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "razhardzijáš",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "разгардзія́ш"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "harmídar",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гармі́дар"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "njélad",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "не́лад"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bǎrkotíja",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бъркоти́я"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezporjádǎk",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "безпоря́дък"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezrédie",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "безре́дие"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "garbuix"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "embolic"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "desgavell"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "混亂"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hùnluàn",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "混乱"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nepořádek"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "rod"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "puinhoop"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zootje"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "kaĉo"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "sotku"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fouillis"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "gâchis"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bazar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"masculine"
],
"word": "foutoir"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"Switzerland",
"masculine"
],
"word": "chenis"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chienlit"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bourbier"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"slang"
],
"word": "bordel"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "désordre"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "roldán"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "desmancho"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "marfallada"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "turullada"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barallada"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "enviza"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "desorde"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "liorna"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "desfeita"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "andrómena"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "uc̣esrigoba",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "უწესრიგობა"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "usiamovneba",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "უსიამოვნება"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Durcheinander"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Unordnung"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "(totales) Chaos"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schweinerei"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Saustall"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "de",
"english": "make a mess of",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Mist (bauen)"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "khóser séder",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "חוסר סדר"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "i-séder",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "אי־סדר"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "balagán",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "בלגן"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "bardák",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ברדק"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "andralamúsya",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "אנדרלמוסיה"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "buká umevulaká",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "בוקה ומבולקה"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "rendetlenség"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "összevisszaság"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "zűrzavar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "felfordulás"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "praiseach"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "confusione"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "macello"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "casino"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sconquasso"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "percorso ad ostacoli"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rovina"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"alt": "こんらん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "konran",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "混乱"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "sɑngkɑɑ",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "សង្ករ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hollan",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "혼란"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "eongmang",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "엉망"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "nered",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "неред"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "bezredie",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "безредие"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "pōwhiwhi"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "kūnakunaku"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "tīrangorango"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "tīwekaweka"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "røre"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Krom"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bałagan"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "pl",
"english": "rude",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "burdel"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nieporządek"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nieład"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bardak"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bardach"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barłóg"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bagunça"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "haos"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "besporjádok",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "беспоря́док"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bardák",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барда́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mésivo",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ме́сиво"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pútanica",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пу́таница"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kavardák",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "каварда́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kuterʹmá",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кутерьма́"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raskardáš",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "раскарда́ш"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "srač",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "срач"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nerazberíxa",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "неразбери́ха"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "pran"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "не̏ре̄д"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "nȅrēd"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "neporiadok"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bordel"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nered"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zmeda"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zmešnjava"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "desorden"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "desarreglo"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "leonera"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "desmadre"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "belén"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "cristo"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "cisco"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "pollo"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lío"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "enredo"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "embolado"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "fregado"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"masculine"
],
"word": "putiferio"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "röra"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kwaam-sàp-sǒn",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "ความสับสน"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "to",
"lang": "Tongan",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "moveuveu"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bézlad",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бе́злад"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "plutanýna",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "плутани́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bardák",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барда́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozhardijáš",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "розгардія́ш"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bezláddja",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "безла́ддя"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bezporjádok",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "безпоря́док"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 2 8",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "annibendod"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "My boss dumped a whole mess of projects on my desk today.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "She brought back a mess of fish to fix for supper.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A large quantity or number."
],
"id": "en-mess-en-noun-6IC9AD4y",
"links": [
[
"quantity",
"quantity"
],
[
"number",
"number"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) A large quantity or number."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English euphemisms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 26 2 3 15 7 12 1 6 4 1 4 4 2 2 4 2 2 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Rooms",
"orig": "en:Rooms",
"parents": [
"Buildings and structures",
"Architecture",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "There was dog mess all along the street.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Parked under a tree, my car was soon covered in birds' mess.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Excrement."
],
"id": "en-mess-en-noun-kVkXYghy",
"links": [
[
"Excrement",
"excrement"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(euphemistic) Excrement."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"euphemistic",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Between the pain and the depression, I'm a mess.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "He's been a mess and a half ever since you excommunicated him.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person in a state of (especially emotional) turmoil or disarray; an emotional wreck."
],
"id": "en-mess-en-noun-0YcQZ5-1",
"links": [
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"emotional",
"emotional"
],
[
"turmoil",
"turmoil"
],
[
"disarray",
"disarray"
],
[
"wreck",
"wreck"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) A person in a state of (especially emotional) turmoil or disarray; an emotional wreck."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/mɛs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛs"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-mess.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/En-us-mess.ogg/En-us-mess.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/En-us-mess.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"mess (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "mess"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "don't mess with success"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mess about"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mess around"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mess-up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mess up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mess with"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mess with the bull and you get the horns"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "messy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hot mess"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "mesh",
"t": "mash"
},
"expansion": "Middle English mesh (“mash”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "muss"
},
"expansion": "muss",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps a corruption of Middle English mesh (“mash”), compare muss, or derived from Etymology 2 \"mixed foods, as for animals\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "messes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "messing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "messed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "messed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "mess (third-person singular simple present messes, present participle messing, simple past and past participle messed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2000 March 12, Tom Armstrong, Marvin (comic)",
"text": "It seems like all you do is cry, eat, and mess your diapers!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make untidy or dirty.",
"To make soiled by defecating."
],
"id": "en-mess-en-verb--t6wGL4X",
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"untidy",
"untidy"
],
[
"dirty",
"dirty"
],
[
"soiled",
"soiled"
],
[
"defecating",
"defecate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, often used with \"up\") To make untidy or dirty.",
"To make soiled by defecating."
],
"raw_tags": [
"used with \"up\""
],
"tags": [
"often",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To make untidy or dirty.",
"To make soiled by ejaculating."
],
"id": "en-mess-en-verb-EfeEF~4t",
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"untidy",
"untidy"
],
[
"dirty",
"dirty"
],
[
"soiled",
"soiled"
],
[
"ejaculating",
"ejaculate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, often used with \"up\") To make untidy or dirty.",
"To make soiled by ejaculating."
],
"raw_tags": [
"used with \"up\""
],
"tags": [
"often",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1905, Arthur Colton, The Belted Seas, page 76",
"text": "But it wasn't right to be messing another man's sleep with tidal waves that didn't belong to the other man.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To throw into disorder or to ruin."
],
"id": "en-mess-en-verb-4WBBEA4c",
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"disorder",
"disorder"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, often used with \"up\") To throw into disorder or to ruin."
],
"raw_tags": [
"used with \"up\""
],
"tags": [
"often",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This doesn't concern you. Don't mess.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To interfere."
],
"id": "en-mess-en-verb-oZAr~5Wk",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To interfere."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "24 24 20 33",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "screw around",
"word": "fucke"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 24 20 33",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "screw around",
"word": "foder"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 24 20 33",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "screw around",
"word": "buzerovať"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 24 20 33",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "screw around",
"word": "jävlas"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 24 20 33",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "screw around",
"word": "djävlas"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/mɛs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛs"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-mess.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/En-us-mess.ogg/En-us-mess.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/En-us-mess.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"mess (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "mess"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hot mess"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Eton mess"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lose the number of one's mess"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mess beef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mess dress"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mess hall"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mess jacket"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mess kit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mess of pottage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mess room"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "messroom"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mess set"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mess tent"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mess tin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mess trap"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mess uniform"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Mills Mess"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "messe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: messe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: messe"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "mes"
},
"expansion": "Middle English mes",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "mēse"
},
"expansion": "Old English mēse",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "mēose",
"t": "table"
},
"expansion": "mēose (“table”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "mēnsa",
"4": "mē(n)sa",
"t": "table; meal"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin mē(n)sa (“table; meal”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "mes"
},
"expansion": "Old French mes",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "missum"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin missum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mittō",
"3": "",
"4": "to put, place (e.g. on the table)"
},
"expansion": "mittō (“to put, place (e.g. on the table)”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mission"
},
"expansion": "mission",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Mass",
"3": "",
"4": "religious service"
},
"expansion": "Mass (“religious service”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English mes, partly from Old English mēse, mēose (“table”), a vernacular loan from Latin/Late Latin mē(n)sa (“table; meal”); and partly from Old French mes, Late Latin missum, from mittō (“to put, place (e.g. on the table)”). See mission, and compare Mass (“religious service”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "messes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "mess (plural messes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Mass; a church service."
],
"id": "en-mess-en-noun-VvRtF4jZ",
"links": [
[
"Mass",
"Mass"
],
[
"church",
"church"
],
[
"service",
"service"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Mass; a church service."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 0 1 2 3 28 12 17 1 5 7 1 6 6 1 1 5 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 1 4 6 25 11 13 2 7 6 2 5 5 1 3 4 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "c. 1555, Hugh Latimer, letter to one in prison for the profession of the Gospel\na mess of pottage"
},
{
"ref": "1903, Henry Yule, Arthur Burnell, Hobson-Jobson",
"text": "[Curry] consists of meat, fish, fruit, or vegetables, cooked with a quantity of bruised spices and turmeric […]; and a little of this gives a flavour to a large mess of rice.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A quantity of food set on a table at one time; provision of food for a person or party for one meal; also, the food given to an animal at one time."
],
"id": "en-mess-en-noun-en:food",
"links": [
[
"food",
"food"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A quantity of food set on a table at one time; provision of food for a person or party for one meal; also, the food given to an animal at one time."
],
"senseid": [
"en:food"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the wardroom mess",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A number of persons who eat together, and for whom food is prepared in common, especially military personnel who eat at the same table."
],
"id": "en-mess-en-noun-R3fELxcf",
"links": [
[
"eat",
"eat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective) A number of persons who eat together, and for whom food is prepared in common, especially military personnel who eat at the same table."
],
"tags": [
"collective"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1956, Anthony Burgess, Time for a Tiger (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 20",
"text": "The police mess had formerly been a maternity home for the wives of the Sultans of the state. Faded and tatty, peeling, floorboards eaten and unpolished, its philoprogenitive glory was a memory only.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A building or room in which mess is eaten."
],
"id": "en-mess-en-noun-P748htgN"
},
{
"glosses": [
"A set of four (from the old practice of dividing companies into sets of four at dinner)."
],
"id": "en-mess-en-noun-ZbFBKIWg",
"links": [
[
"four",
"four"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The milk given by a cow at one milking."
],
"id": "en-mess-en-noun-k5IN108l",
"links": [
[
"milk",
"milk"
],
[
"cow",
"cow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US) The milk given by a cow at one milking."
],
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A group of iguanas."
],
"id": "en-mess-en-noun-8QOTcSr8",
"links": [
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"iguana",
"iguana"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective) A group of iguanas."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "slaughter"
}
],
"tags": [
"collective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Cooking",
"orig": "en:Cooking",
"parents": [
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1913, Pearson's Magazine, volume 36, part 2, page 373",
"text": "Eton is renowned for its \"messes,\" and \"strawberry mess\" is Empress of them all, with raspberry mess as a very good second. It does not at all convey the joys of a \"mess\" to say that it consists of iced fruit and cream, and somewhat resembles a \"fool.\" It is a thing apart, and should be approached with bated breath and unimpaired capacity.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1916, Edward Frederic Benson, David Blaize, page 284",
"text": "\"I'll stand you both strawberry mess.\" It was perfectly impossible for David not to feel elated at sitting down to strawberry-mess with two members of the eleven, in the full light of day, and in sight of the school generally […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Lindsey Bareham, Just One Pot",
"text": "Eton mess, for example, which is another name for strawberry fool, links the name of a famous public school with disorder or the army slang for a meal, [...] One friend remembered a banana mess of mashed banana with two scoops of ice cream and loads of cream, and thought the strawberry version something that might be served at the 4th June College picnic, [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Darra Goldstein, Sidney Mintz, Michael Krondl, Laura Mason, The Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets, Oxford University Press, USA, page 243",
"text": "Similar desserts [to Eton Mess] include Lancing Mess (made with bananas), served at Lancing College in Sussex, and Clare College Mush[…]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2020, Nigel Napier-Andrews, Gentleman's Portion: The Cookbook",
"text": "One Old Etonian rages that at school the dessert was simply called 'strawberry mess' and was very popular in the tuck shop. It is only outside Eton that the school's name has been added. A similar 'banana mess' is credited to School in Sussex, […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A dessert of fruit and cream, similar to a fool."
],
"id": "en-mess-en-noun-cqZM9GUl",
"links": [
[
"cooking",
"cooking#Noun"
],
[
"dessert",
"dessert"
],
[
"cream",
"cream"
],
[
"fool",
"fool"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cooking) A dessert of fruit and cream, similar to a fool."
],
"topics": [
"cooking",
"food",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/mɛs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛs"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-mess.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/En-us-mess.ogg/En-us-mess.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/En-us-mess.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"mess (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "mess"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "mes"
},
"expansion": "Middle English mes",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "mēse"
},
"expansion": "Old English mēse",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "mēose",
"t": "table"
},
"expansion": "mēose (“table”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "mēnsa",
"4": "mē(n)sa",
"t": "table; meal"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin mē(n)sa (“table; meal”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "mes"
},
"expansion": "Old French mes",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "missum"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin missum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mittō",
"3": "",
"4": "to put, place (e.g. on the table)"
},
"expansion": "mittō (“to put, place (e.g. on the table)”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mission"
},
"expansion": "mission",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Mass",
"3": "",
"4": "religious service"
},
"expansion": "Mass (“religious service”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English mes, partly from Old English mēse, mēose (“table”), a vernacular loan from Latin/Late Latin mē(n)sa (“table; meal”); and partly from Old French mes, Late Latin missum, from mittō (“to put, place (e.g. on the table)”). See mission, and compare Mass (“religious service”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "messes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "messing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "messed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "messed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "mess (third-person singular simple present messes, present participle messing, simple past and past participle messed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To take meals with a mess."
],
"id": "en-mess-en-verb-qHsyT7Hf",
"links": [
[
"meal",
"meal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To take meals with a mess."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To belong to a mess."
],
"id": "en-mess-en-verb-6BZzGB7K",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To belong to a mess."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1836, George Simpson & al., HBC Standing Rules and Regulations, §18",
"text": "Resolved 18. That no Guide or Interpreter whether at the Factory Depot or Inland be permitted to mess with Commissioned Gentlemen or Clerks in charge of Posts; but while at the Depot they will be allowed per Week 4 days ordinary rations..."
},
{
"text": "I mess with the wardroom officers.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To eat (with others)."
],
"id": "en-mess-en-verb-pqTEgtd2",
"links": [
[
"eat",
"eat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To eat (with others)."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To supply with a mess."
],
"id": "en-mess-en-verb--mh6vtQH",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To supply with a mess."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/mɛs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛs"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-mess.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/En-us-mess.ogg/En-us-mess.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/En-us-mess.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"mess (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "mess"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Khmer translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɛs",
"Rhymes:English/ɛs/1 syllable",
"en:Rooms"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "mesh",
"t": "mash"
},
"expansion": "Middle English mesh (“mash”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "muss"
},
"expansion": "muss",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps a corruption of Middle English mesh (“mash”), compare muss, or derived from Etymology 2 \"mixed foods, as for animals\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "messes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "mess (countable and uncountable, plural messes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2006 Feb. 3, Graham Linehan, The IT Crowd, Season 1, Episode 4",
"text": "No, look, I know that the place looks like a bit of a mess but it's actually a very delicate ecosystem. Everything is connected. It's like the rainforest. You change one thing, even the tiniest bit, and the whooole rainforest dies. You don't want the rainforest to die, do ya?"
},
{
"text": "He made a mess of it.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "My bedroom is such a mess; I need to tidy up.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A disagreeable mixture or confusion of things; hence, a situation resulting from blundering or from misunderstanding."
],
"senseid": [
"en:disorder"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "disorder"
},
{
"word": "disorder"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English colloquialisms",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "My boss dumped a whole mess of projects on my desk today.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "She brought back a mess of fish to fix for supper.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A large quantity or number."
],
"links": [
[
"quantity",
"quantity"
],
[
"number",
"number"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) A large quantity or number."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English euphemisms",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "There was dog mess all along the street.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Parked under a tree, my car was soon covered in birds' mess.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Excrement."
],
"links": [
[
"Excrement",
"excrement"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(euphemistic) Excrement."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"euphemistic",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Between the pain and the depression, I'm a mess.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "He's been a mess and a half ever since you excommunicated him.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person in a state of (especially emotional) turmoil or disarray; an emotional wreck."
],
"links": [
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"emotional",
"emotional"
],
[
"turmoil",
"turmoil"
],
[
"disarray",
"disarray"
],
[
"wreck",
"wreck"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) A person in a state of (especially emotional) turmoil or disarray; an emotional wreck."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/mɛs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛs"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-mess.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/En-us-mess.ogg/En-us-mess.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/En-us-mess.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "gemors"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "deurmekaarspul"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "fawḍā",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "فَوْضَى"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "iḵtilāṭ",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "اِخْتِلَاط"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "irtibāk",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "اِرْتِبَاك"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "iḍṭirāb",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "اِضْطِرَاب"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "karkaba",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "كَرْكَبة"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "laḵbaṭa",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "لَخْبَطَة"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵarbaṭa",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "خَرْبَطة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ankargutʿyun",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "անկարգություն"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xaṙnašpʿotʿ",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "խառնաշփոթ"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "anabasa"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bjesparádak",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "беспара́дак"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bardák",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барда́к"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bjazládzdzje",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "бязла́дздзе"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "razhardzijáš",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "разгардзія́ш"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "harmídar",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гармі́дар"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "njélad",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "не́лад"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bǎrkotíja",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бъркоти́я"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezporjádǎk",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "безпоря́дък"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezrédie",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "безре́дие"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "garbuix"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "embolic"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "desgavell"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "混亂"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hùnluàn",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "混乱"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nepořádek"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "rod"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "puinhoop"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zootje"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "kaĉo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "sotku"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fouillis"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "gâchis"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bazar"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"masculine"
],
"word": "foutoir"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"Switzerland",
"masculine"
],
"word": "chenis"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chienlit"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bourbier"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"slang"
],
"word": "bordel"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "désordre"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "roldán"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "desmancho"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "marfallada"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "turullada"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barallada"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "enviza"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "desorde"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "liorna"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "desfeita"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "andrómena"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "uc̣esrigoba",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "უწესრიგობა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "usiamovneba",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "უსიამოვნება"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Durcheinander"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Unordnung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "(totales) Chaos"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schweinerei"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Saustall"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "make a mess of",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Mist (bauen)"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "khóser séder",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "חוסר סדר"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "i-séder",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "אי־סדר"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "balagán",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "בלגן"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "bardák",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ברדק"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "andralamúsya",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "אנדרלמוסיה"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "buká umevulaká",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "בוקה ומבולקה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "rendetlenség"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "összevisszaság"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "zűrzavar"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "felfordulás"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "praiseach"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "confusione"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "macello"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "casino"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sconquasso"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "percorso ad ostacoli"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rovina"
},
{
"alt": "こんらん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "konran",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "混乱"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "sɑngkɑɑ",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "សង្ករ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hollan",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "혼란"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "eongmang",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "엉망"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "nered",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "неред"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "bezredie",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "безредие"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "pōwhiwhi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "pōwhiwhi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "kūnakunaku"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "tīrangorango"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "tīwekaweka"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "røre"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Krom"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bałagan"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"english": "rude",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "burdel"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nieporządek"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nieład"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bardak"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bardach"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barłóg"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bagunça"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "haos"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "besporjádok",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "беспоря́док"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bardák",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барда́к"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mésivo",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ме́сиво"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pútanica",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пу́таница"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kavardák",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "каварда́к"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kuterʹmá",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кутерьма́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raskardáš",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "раскарда́ш"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "srač",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "срач"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nerazberíxa",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "неразбери́ха"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "pran"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "не̏ре̄д"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "nȅrēd"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "neporiadok"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bordel"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nered"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zmeda"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zmešnjava"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "desorden"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "desarreglo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "leonera"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "desmadre"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "belén"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "cristo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "cisco"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "pollo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lío"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "enredo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "embolado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "fregado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"masculine"
],
"word": "putiferio"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "röra"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kwaam-sàp-sǒn",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "ความสับสน"
},
{
"code": "to",
"lang": "Tongan",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"word": "moveuveu"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bézlad",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бе́злад"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "plutanýna",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "плутани́на"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bardák",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барда́к"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozhardijáš",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "розгардія́ш"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bezláddja",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "безла́ддя"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bezporjádok",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "безпоря́док"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "confusion of things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "annibendod"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"mess (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "mess"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Khmer translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɛs",
"Rhymes:English/ɛs/1 syllable",
"en:Rooms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "don't mess with success"
},
{
"word": "hot mess"
},
{
"word": "mess about"
},
{
"word": "mess around"
},
{
"word": "mess-up"
},
{
"word": "mess up"
},
{
"word": "mess with"
},
{
"word": "mess with the bull and you get the horns"
},
{
"word": "messy"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "mesh",
"t": "mash"
},
"expansion": "Middle English mesh (“mash”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "muss"
},
"expansion": "muss",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps a corruption of Middle English mesh (“mash”), compare muss, or derived from Etymology 2 \"mixed foods, as for animals\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "messes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "messing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "messed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "messed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "mess (third-person singular simple present messes, present participle messing, simple past and past participle messed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2000 March 12, Tom Armstrong, Marvin (comic)",
"text": "It seems like all you do is cry, eat, and mess your diapers!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make untidy or dirty.",
"To make soiled by defecating."
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"untidy",
"untidy"
],
[
"dirty",
"dirty"
],
[
"soiled",
"soiled"
],
[
"defecating",
"defecate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, often used with \"up\") To make untidy or dirty.",
"To make soiled by defecating."
],
"raw_tags": [
"used with \"up\""
],
"tags": [
"often",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To make untidy or dirty.",
"To make soiled by ejaculating."
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"untidy",
"untidy"
],
[
"dirty",
"dirty"
],
[
"soiled",
"soiled"
],
[
"ejaculating",
"ejaculate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, often used with \"up\") To make untidy or dirty.",
"To make soiled by ejaculating."
],
"raw_tags": [
"used with \"up\""
],
"tags": [
"often",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1905, Arthur Colton, The Belted Seas, page 76",
"text": "But it wasn't right to be messing another man's sleep with tidal waves that didn't belong to the other man.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To throw into disorder or to ruin."
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"disorder",
"disorder"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, often used with \"up\") To throw into disorder or to ruin."
],
"raw_tags": [
"used with \"up\""
],
"tags": [
"often",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This doesn't concern you. Don't mess.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To interfere."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To interfere."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/mɛs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛs"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-mess.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/En-us-mess.ogg/En-us-mess.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/En-us-mess.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "screw around",
"word": "fucke"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "screw around",
"word": "foder"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "screw around",
"word": "buzerovať"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "screw around",
"word": "jävlas"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "screw around",
"word": "djävlas"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"mess (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "mess"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɛs",
"Rhymes:English/ɛs/1 syllable",
"en:Rooms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Eton mess"
},
{
"word": "hot mess"
},
{
"word": "lose the number of one's mess"
},
{
"word": "mess beef"
},
{
"word": "mess dress"
},
{
"word": "mess hall"
},
{
"word": "mess jacket"
},
{
"word": "mess kit"
},
{
"word": "mess of pottage"
},
{
"word": "mess room"
},
{
"word": "messroom"
},
{
"word": "mess set"
},
{
"word": "mess tent"
},
{
"word": "mess tin"
},
{
"word": "mess trap"
},
{
"word": "mess uniform"
},
{
"word": "Mills Mess"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "messe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: messe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: messe"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "mes"
},
"expansion": "Middle English mes",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "mēse"
},
"expansion": "Old English mēse",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "mēose",
"t": "table"
},
"expansion": "mēose (“table”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "mēnsa",
"4": "mē(n)sa",
"t": "table; meal"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin mē(n)sa (“table; meal”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "mes"
},
"expansion": "Old French mes",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "missum"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin missum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mittō",
"3": "",
"4": "to put, place (e.g. on the table)"
},
"expansion": "mittō (“to put, place (e.g. on the table)”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mission"
},
"expansion": "mission",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Mass",
"3": "",
"4": "religious service"
},
"expansion": "Mass (“religious service”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English mes, partly from Old English mēse, mēose (“table”), a vernacular loan from Latin/Late Latin mē(n)sa (“table; meal”); and partly from Old French mes, Late Latin missum, from mittō (“to put, place (e.g. on the table)”). See mission, and compare Mass (“religious service”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "messes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "mess (plural messes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Mass; a church service."
],
"links": [
[
"Mass",
"Mass"
],
[
"church",
"church"
],
[
"service",
"service"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Mass; a church service."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "c. 1555, Hugh Latimer, letter to one in prison for the profession of the Gospel\na mess of pottage"
},
{
"ref": "1903, Henry Yule, Arthur Burnell, Hobson-Jobson",
"text": "[Curry] consists of meat, fish, fruit, or vegetables, cooked with a quantity of bruised spices and turmeric […]; and a little of this gives a flavour to a large mess of rice.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A quantity of food set on a table at one time; provision of food for a person or party for one meal; also, the food given to an animal at one time."
],
"links": [
[
"food",
"food"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A quantity of food set on a table at one time; provision of food for a person or party for one meal; also, the food given to an animal at one time."
],
"senseid": [
"en:food"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English collective nouns",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the wardroom mess",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A number of persons who eat together, and for whom food is prepared in common, especially military personnel who eat at the same table."
],
"links": [
[
"eat",
"eat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective) A number of persons who eat together, and for whom food is prepared in common, especially military personnel who eat at the same table."
],
"tags": [
"collective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1956, Anthony Burgess, Time for a Tiger (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 20",
"text": "The police mess had formerly been a maternity home for the wives of the Sultans of the state. Faded and tatty, peeling, floorboards eaten and unpolished, its philoprogenitive glory was a memory only.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A building or room in which mess is eaten."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A set of four (from the old practice of dividing companies into sets of four at dinner)."
],
"links": [
[
"four",
"four"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English"
],
"glosses": [
"The milk given by a cow at one milking."
],
"links": [
[
"milk",
"milk"
],
[
"cow",
"cow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US) The milk given by a cow at one milking."
],
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English collective nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"A group of iguanas."
],
"links": [
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"iguana",
"iguana"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective) A group of iguanas."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "slaughter"
}
],
"tags": [
"collective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Cooking"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1913, Pearson's Magazine, volume 36, part 2, page 373",
"text": "Eton is renowned for its \"messes,\" and \"strawberry mess\" is Empress of them all, with raspberry mess as a very good second. It does not at all convey the joys of a \"mess\" to say that it consists of iced fruit and cream, and somewhat resembles a \"fool.\" It is a thing apart, and should be approached with bated breath and unimpaired capacity.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1916, Edward Frederic Benson, David Blaize, page 284",
"text": "\"I'll stand you both strawberry mess.\" It was perfectly impossible for David not to feel elated at sitting down to strawberry-mess with two members of the eleven, in the full light of day, and in sight of the school generally […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Lindsey Bareham, Just One Pot",
"text": "Eton mess, for example, which is another name for strawberry fool, links the name of a famous public school with disorder or the army slang for a meal, [...] One friend remembered a banana mess of mashed banana with two scoops of ice cream and loads of cream, and thought the strawberry version something that might be served at the 4th June College picnic, [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Darra Goldstein, Sidney Mintz, Michael Krondl, Laura Mason, The Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets, Oxford University Press, USA, page 243",
"text": "Similar desserts [to Eton Mess] include Lancing Mess (made with bananas), served at Lancing College in Sussex, and Clare College Mush[…]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2020, Nigel Napier-Andrews, Gentleman's Portion: The Cookbook",
"text": "One Old Etonian rages that at school the dessert was simply called 'strawberry mess' and was very popular in the tuck shop. It is only outside Eton that the school's name has been added. A similar 'banana mess' is credited to School in Sussex, […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A dessert of fruit and cream, similar to a fool."
],
"links": [
[
"cooking",
"cooking#Noun"
],
[
"dessert",
"dessert"
],
[
"cream",
"cream"
],
[
"fool",
"fool"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cooking) A dessert of fruit and cream, similar to a fool."
],
"topics": [
"cooking",
"food",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/mɛs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛs"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-mess.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/En-us-mess.ogg/En-us-mess.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/En-us-mess.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"mess (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "mess"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɛs",
"Rhymes:English/ɛs/1 syllable",
"en:Rooms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "mes"
},
"expansion": "Middle English mes",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "mēse"
},
"expansion": "Old English mēse",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "mēose",
"t": "table"
},
"expansion": "mēose (“table”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "mēnsa",
"4": "mē(n)sa",
"t": "table; meal"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin mē(n)sa (“table; meal”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "mes"
},
"expansion": "Old French mes",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "missum"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin missum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mittō",
"3": "",
"4": "to put, place (e.g. on the table)"
},
"expansion": "mittō (“to put, place (e.g. on the table)”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mission"
},
"expansion": "mission",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Mass",
"3": "",
"4": "religious service"
},
"expansion": "Mass (“religious service”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English mes, partly from Old English mēse, mēose (“table”), a vernacular loan from Latin/Late Latin mē(n)sa (“table; meal”); and partly from Old French mes, Late Latin missum, from mittō (“to put, place (e.g. on the table)”). See mission, and compare Mass (“religious service”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "messes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "messing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "messed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "messed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "mess (third-person singular simple present messes, present participle messing, simple past and past participle messed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To take meals with a mess."
],
"links": [
[
"meal",
"meal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To take meals with a mess."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To belong to a mess."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To belong to a mess."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1836, George Simpson & al., HBC Standing Rules and Regulations, §18",
"text": "Resolved 18. That no Guide or Interpreter whether at the Factory Depot or Inland be permitted to mess with Commissioned Gentlemen or Clerks in charge of Posts; but while at the Depot they will be allowed per Week 4 days ordinary rations..."
},
{
"text": "I mess with the wardroom officers.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To eat (with others)."
],
"links": [
[
"eat",
"eat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To eat (with others)."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To supply with a mess."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To supply with a mess."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/mɛs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛs"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-mess.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/En-us-mess.ogg/En-us-mess.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/En-us-mess.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"mess (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "mess"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.