See lack in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "adequacy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "excess"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "for lack of"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "for lack of trying"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "lackless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "lack of sleep"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lack"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lack",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*læc",
"t": "deficiency, lack, want"
},
"expansion": "Old English *læc (“deficiency, lack, want”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*lak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *lak",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*laką"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laką",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*lakaz",
"t": "limp, slack, loose, low"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lakaz (“limp, slack, loose, low”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lok-néh₂-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lok-néh₂-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Lak",
"t": "lack"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Lak (“lack”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "lack"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German lack",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "lak",
"t": "lack, deficiency, calumny"
},
"expansion": "Dutch lak (“lack, deficiency, calumny”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "lakur",
"3": "",
"4": "lacking"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic lakur (“lacking”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "laken",
"t": "to blame, lack"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch laken (“to blame, lack”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "carence",
"t": "absence, lack"
},
"expansion": "Middle English carence (“absence, lack”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "carence"
},
"expansion": "Old French carence",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lack, lakke, lak, from Old English *læc (“deficiency, lack, want”), from Proto-West Germanic *lak, from Proto-Germanic *laką, *lakaz (“slackness”), from Proto-Germanic *lakaz (“limp, slack, loose, low”), related to *lak(k)ōną (“to blame, reproach”), from Proto-Indo-European *lok-néh₂-. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Lak (“lack”), Middle Low German lack, lak (“lack”), Dutch lak (“lack, deficiency, calumny”), Icelandic lakur (“lacking”). Related also to Middle Dutch laken (“to blame, lack”).\nEclipsed non-native Middle English carence (“absence, lack”), from Old French carence.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lacks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "lack (countable and uncountable, plural lacks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "apathy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "cowardice"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "poverty"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "abundant"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "glut"
},
{
"word": "surplus"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 10 18 11 6 15 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 12 15 12 16 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 18 12 8 14 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "73 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Assamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 15 10 8 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bhojpuri translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 13 12 7 16 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 15 11 8 19 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 15 9 7 17 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 12 9 6 15 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 12 15 12 16 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 11 13 10 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 15 10 8 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 10 17 12 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 15 10 8 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 13 12 9 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gothic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "70 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "71 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "73 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 17 9 7 16 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 15 10 8 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 11 13 10 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 11 13 10 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 15 10 8 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 12 13 9 15 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ladino translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 11 13 10 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 15 10 8 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malayalam translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 11 10 7 18 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 15 10 8 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 15 10 8 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "70 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 13 12 10 17 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 13 10 7 17 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 11 13 10 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "71 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 15 10 8 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 10 14 12 15 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 14 10 8 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "95 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 14 10 8 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 15 10 8 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "76 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 11 15 13 16 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Zazaki translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:",
"text": "[…] let his lack of years be no impediment to let him lack a reverend estimation;",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1994, Green Day, “Basket Case”:",
"text": "I went to a shrink, to analyze my dreams. He said it's lack of sex that's bringing me down.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2012 September 7, Phil McNulty, “Moldova 0-5 England”, in BBC Sport:",
"text": "If Moldova harboured even the slightest hopes of pulling off a comeback that would have bordered on miraculous given their lack of quality, they were snuffed out 13 minutes before the break when Oxlade-Chamberlain picked his way through midfield before releasing Defoe for a finish that should have been dealt with more convincingly by Namasco at his near post.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 January 12, Tom Allett, “Network News: MPs concerned at Treasury's influence on rail industry”, in RAIL, number 948, page 13:",
"text": "More flak was aimed at the Treasury's apparent lack of marketing skills, when it was argued that its idea of how to sell tickets was along the lines of \"you can get two tickets for the price of two\", and it lacks the sales and promotional skills of the train operating companies which are needed to boost revenue.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A deficiency or need (of something desirable or necessary); an absence, want, dearth."
],
"id": "en-lack-en-noun-hLeUNRks",
"links": [
[
"deficiency",
"deficiency"
],
[
"need",
"need"
],
[
"absence",
"absence"
],
[
"want",
"want"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "naqṣ",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "نَقْص"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕadam wujūd",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "عَدَم وُجُود"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pakas",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "պակաս"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pakasutʻyun",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "պակասություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "natoni",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "নাটনি"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "onaton",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "অনাটন"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "çatışmazlıq"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "qıtlıq"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "adsútnascʹ",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "адсу́тнасць"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "brak",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "брак"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "njedaxvát",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "недахва́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "njedaxóp",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "недахо́п"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "bho",
"lang": "Bhojpuri",
"roman": "ābhāv",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "आभाव"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "núžda",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ну́жда"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lípsa",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ли́пса"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otsǎ́stvie",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "отсъ́ствие"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "falta"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "manca"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fretura"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bùzú",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "不足"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "quēfá",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "缺乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nedostatek"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "mangel"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gebrek"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "manko"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "puute"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "vajaus"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "vaje"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "manque"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "défaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "absence"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "falla"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "marra"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carencia"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Mangel"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "wan",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "𐍅𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "élleipsi",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "έλλειψη"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "éndeia",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ένδεια"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "éndeia",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ἔνδεια"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "chóser",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "חוסר"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kamī",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "कमी"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "hiány"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "skortur"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "vaijuus"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "uireasa"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mancanza"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scarsità"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carenza"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "penuria"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"alt": "ふそく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "fusoku",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "不足"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"alt": "けつぼう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ketsubō",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "欠乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bujok",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "부족"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gyeolpip",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "결핍"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mankansa"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pēnūria"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "nedostatok",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "недостаток"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "illāyma",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "ഇല്ലായ്മ"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "abhāvaṁ",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "അഭാവം"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "kore"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mangel"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "fıkdân",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "فقدان"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brak"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "niedostatek"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "falta"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carência"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "deficiência"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "penúria"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "escassez"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lipsă (de)"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otsútstvije",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "отсу́тствие"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nexvátka",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нехва́тка"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nedostátok",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "недоста́ток"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ru",
"english": "need",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nuždá",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нужда́"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cion"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gainne"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gainnead"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "easbhaidh"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "недостатак"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "nedostatak"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nedostatok"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "falta"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carencia"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "penuria"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "escasez"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prescindencia"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "desproveimiento (disused)"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "avsaknad"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "brist"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "menki"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "eksiklik"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "yokluk"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "yoksunluk"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "noksan"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "brak",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "брак"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidsútnistʹ",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "відсу́тність"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "nedostáča",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "недоста́ча"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kamī",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "کمی"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diffyg"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "kemiyey"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "kemeyin"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "taynin"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "qıtlığ"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:",
"text": "In the old days, to my commonplace and unobserving mind, he gave no evidences of genius whatsoever. He never read me any of his manuscripts, […], and therefore my lack of detection of his promise may in some degree be pardoned.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A defect or failing; moral or spiritual degeneracy."
],
"id": "en-lack-en-noun-c4HYa1Me",
"links": [
[
"defect",
"defect"
],
[
"failing",
"failing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A defect or failing; moral or spiritual degeneracy."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/læk/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-lack.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/62/En-us-lack.ogg/En-us-lack.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/En-us-lack.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "lakh (one pronunciation)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æk"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "dearth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "deficiency"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "deficit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "dejection"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "inadequacy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "infrequency"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "insufficiency"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "meagerness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "nonsufficiency"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "lack"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "paucity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "penury"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "rareness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "rarity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "scantiness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "scarcity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "shortage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "shortcoming"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "unsufficiency"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "want"
}
],
"word": "lack"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lack-all"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lack-grace"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lack-latin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lack-laughter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lack-learning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lack-life"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lack-linen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lack-looks"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lack-love"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lack-mind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lack-pity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lackwit"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lacken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lacken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "læccian"
},
"expansion": "Old English læccian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*lak(k)ōn",
"t": "to blame, be lacking"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *lak(k)ōn (“to blame, be lacking”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*lak(k)ōną",
"t": "to reproach, blame, be lacking"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lak(k)ōną (“to reproach, blame, be lacking”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lok-néh₂-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lok-néh₂-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "lakia"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian lakia",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "lacken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German lacken",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "laken",
"t": "to disapprove, blame, lack"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch laken (“to disapprove, blame, lack”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "laken",
"t": "to blame, reproach"
},
"expansion": "Dutch laken (“to blame, reproach”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lacken, lakken, laken, from Old English læccian, *lacian (“to blame, criticise, lack”), from Proto-West Germanic *lak(k)ōn (“to blame, be lacking”), from Proto-Germanic *lak(k)ōną (“to reproach, blame, be lacking”), from Proto-Indo-European *lok-néh₂-. Cognate with Old Frisian lakia, lekia (“to contest, blame”), Middle Low German lacken, laken (“to reproach, blame, criticise”), Middle Dutch laken (“to disapprove, blame, lack”), Dutch laken (“to blame, reproach”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lacks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lacking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lacked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "lacked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lack (third-person singular simple present lacks, present participle lacking, simple past and past participle lacked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lackluster"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 13 34 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Alemannic German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 20 30 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Faliscan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 20 27 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greenlandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 21 29 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 19 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 19 29 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 20 30 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Quechua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 21 29 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sidamo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 18 32 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yup'ik translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "My life lacks excitement.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2022 January 12, Tom Allett, “Network News: MPs concerned at Treasury's influence on rail industry”, in RAIL, number 948, page 13:",
"text": "More flak was aimed at the Treasury's apparent lack of marketing skills, when it was argued that its idea of how to sell tickets was along the lines of \"you can get two tickets for the price of two\", and it lacks the sales and promotional skills of the train operating companies which are needed to boost revenue.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be without, not to have, to need, to require."
],
"id": "en-lack-en-verb-64yJFFgK",
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
],
[
"require",
"require"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, stative) To be without, not to have, to need, to require."
],
"tags": [
"stative",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "mungon"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "falta da"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "brakavácʹ",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "бракава́ць"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "adsútničacʹ",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "адсу́тнічаць"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nuždaja se",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "нуждая се"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lipsva mi",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "липсва ми"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "faltar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "mancar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "quē",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "缺"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiàn",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "欠"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "quēfá",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "缺乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "postrádat"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "mangle"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "derven"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "ontberen"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "missen"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "gebrek hebben (aan)"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "manki"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "xfa",
"lang": "Faliscan",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "careo (careo)"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "puuttua (to be missing; English subject in the ablative or elative case)",
"sense": "be without, need, require"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "tarvita"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "kaivata"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "manquer"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "faltar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "fallar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "marrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "aḳlia",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "აკლია"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "mangeln"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "fehlen"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"dated",
"transitive"
],
"word": "entbehren"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "gsw",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"Alemannic-German"
],
"word": "fääle"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "déō",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "δέω"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "khēreúō",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "χηρεύω"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "-ilatsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "manke"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "nélkülöz"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "hiányt szenved"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "hiányol"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "skorta"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "indijar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "mancare"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "scarseggiare"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "richiedere"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "necessitare"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"alt": "かける",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kakeru",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"word": "欠ける"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"alt": "かく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kaku",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"word": "欠く"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "csb",
"lang": "Kashubian",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "mësac"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "khvah",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "ខ្វះ"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "eopda",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "없다"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "ko",
"english": "be short",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bujokhada",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "부족하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "mankar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "desum"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "egeo"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "careo"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "desidero"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "nedostasuva",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "недостасува"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "kōpaka"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "dutax",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "дутах"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "mangle"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "mancar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"roman": "nedostati",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "недостати"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "brakować"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zabraknąć"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "faltar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "carecer"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "muchuy"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "usuy"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otsútstvovatʹ",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "отсу́тствовать"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nedostavátʹ",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "недостава́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nedostátʹ",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "недоста́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "ru",
"english": "need",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nuždátʹsja",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "нужда́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "sid",
"lang": "Sidamo",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "hooga"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "chýbať"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "manjkati"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "faltar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "carecer"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "sakna"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "fattas"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "yoksun olmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "brakuváty",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "бракува́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "thiếu"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "yn eisiau"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 0 20 2",
"code": "esu",
"lang": "Yup'ik",
"note": "(noun-to-verb postbase meaning \"to lack N.\") -ngite",
"sense": "be without, need, require"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 13 34 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Alemannic German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 20 30 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Faliscan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 20 27 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greenlandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 21 29 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 19 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 19 29 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 20 30 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Quechua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 21 29 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sidamo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 18 32 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yup'ik translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He'll never lack for company while he's got all that money.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv]:",
"text": "Hamlet. What hour now?\nHoratio. I think it lacks of twelve.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be short (of or for something)."
],
"id": "en-lack-en-verb-0bl5f7DO",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To be short (of or for something)."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 16 38 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 13 34 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Alemannic German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 16 38 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Basque translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 20 30 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Faliscan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 16 38 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 20 27 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greenlandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 14 34 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 21 29 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 16 38 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kashubian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 16 38 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 15 37 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mongolian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 19 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 19 29 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 20 30 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Quechua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 21 29 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sidamo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 16 38 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 16 38 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 18 32 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yup'ik translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Psalms 34:10:",
"text": "The young lions do lack, and suffer hunger […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be in want."
],
"id": "en-lack-en-verb-PGfe-GGp",
"links": [
[
"want",
"want"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) To be in want."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 13 34 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Alemannic German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 20 30 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Faliscan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 20 27 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greenlandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 21 29 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 19 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 19 29 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 20 30 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Quechua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 21 29 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sidamo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 18 32 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yup'ik translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1370–1390, [William Langland], “[Passus II]”, in The Vision of Pierce Plowman [...], London: […] Roberte Crowley, […], published 1550, →OCLC:",
"text": "That is Mede þe Mayde quod she · hath noyed me ful oft / And ylakked my lemman.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To see the deficiency in (someone or something); to find fault with, to malign, reproach."
],
"id": "en-lack-en-verb-LX6NF7Vh",
"links": [
[
"deficiency",
"deficiency"
],
[
"find fault",
"find fault"
],
[
"malign",
"malign"
],
[
"reproach",
"reproach"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To see the deficiency in (someone or something); to find fault with, to malign, reproach."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/læk/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-lack.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/62/En-us-lack.ogg/En-us-lack.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/En-us-lack.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "lakh (one pronunciation)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æk"
}
],
"word": "lack"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "adequacy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "excess"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "lacks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lack (plural lacks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "apathy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "cowardice"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "poverty"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "abundant"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "lakh"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a lack of rupees"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Archaic form of lakh."
],
"id": "en-lack-en-noun-zlTecQ-v",
"links": [
[
"lakh",
"lakh#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "good lack"
}
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/læk/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-lack.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/62/En-us-lack.ogg/En-us-lack.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/En-us-lack.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "lakh (one pronunciation)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æk"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "dearth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "deficiency"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "deficit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "dejection"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "inadequacy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "infrequency"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "insufficiency"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "meagerness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "nonsufficiency"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "lack"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "paucity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "penury"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "rareness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "rarity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "scantiness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "scarcity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "shortage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "shortcoming"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "unsufficiency"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "want"
}
],
"word": "lack"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "adequacy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "excess"
}
],
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æk",
"Rhymes:English/æk/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Assamese translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bhojpuri translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Ladino translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malayalam translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with Zazaki translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "for lack of"
},
{
"word": "for lack of trying"
},
{
"word": "lackless"
},
{
"word": "lack of sleep"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lack"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lack",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*læc",
"t": "deficiency, lack, want"
},
"expansion": "Old English *læc (“deficiency, lack, want”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*lak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *lak",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*laką"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laką",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*lakaz",
"t": "limp, slack, loose, low"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lakaz (“limp, slack, loose, low”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lok-néh₂-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lok-néh₂-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Lak",
"t": "lack"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Lak (“lack”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "lack"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German lack",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "lak",
"t": "lack, deficiency, calumny"
},
"expansion": "Dutch lak (“lack, deficiency, calumny”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "lakur",
"3": "",
"4": "lacking"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic lakur (“lacking”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "laken",
"t": "to blame, lack"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch laken (“to blame, lack”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "carence",
"t": "absence, lack"
},
"expansion": "Middle English carence (“absence, lack”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "carence"
},
"expansion": "Old French carence",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lack, lakke, lak, from Old English *læc (“deficiency, lack, want”), from Proto-West Germanic *lak, from Proto-Germanic *laką, *lakaz (“slackness”), from Proto-Germanic *lakaz (“limp, slack, loose, low”), related to *lak(k)ōną (“to blame, reproach”), from Proto-Indo-European *lok-néh₂-. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Lak (“lack”), Middle Low German lack, lak (“lack”), Dutch lak (“lack, deficiency, calumny”), Icelandic lakur (“lacking”). Related also to Middle Dutch laken (“to blame, lack”).\nEclipsed non-native Middle English carence (“absence, lack”), from Old French carence.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lacks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "lack (countable and uncountable, plural lacks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "apathy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "cowardice"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "poverty"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "abundant"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "glut"
},
{
"word": "surplus"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:",
"text": "[…] let his lack of years be no impediment to let him lack a reverend estimation;",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1994, Green Day, “Basket Case”:",
"text": "I went to a shrink, to analyze my dreams. He said it's lack of sex that's bringing me down.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2012 September 7, Phil McNulty, “Moldova 0-5 England”, in BBC Sport:",
"text": "If Moldova harboured even the slightest hopes of pulling off a comeback that would have bordered on miraculous given their lack of quality, they were snuffed out 13 minutes before the break when Oxlade-Chamberlain picked his way through midfield before releasing Defoe for a finish that should have been dealt with more convincingly by Namasco at his near post.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 January 12, Tom Allett, “Network News: MPs concerned at Treasury's influence on rail industry”, in RAIL, number 948, page 13:",
"text": "More flak was aimed at the Treasury's apparent lack of marketing skills, when it was argued that its idea of how to sell tickets was along the lines of \"you can get two tickets for the price of two\", and it lacks the sales and promotional skills of the train operating companies which are needed to boost revenue.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A deficiency or need (of something desirable or necessary); an absence, want, dearth."
],
"links": [
[
"deficiency",
"deficiency"
],
[
"need",
"need"
],
[
"absence",
"absence"
],
[
"want",
"want"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:",
"text": "In the old days, to my commonplace and unobserving mind, he gave no evidences of genius whatsoever. He never read me any of his manuscripts, […], and therefore my lack of detection of his promise may in some degree be pardoned.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A defect or failing; moral or spiritual degeneracy."
],
"links": [
[
"defect",
"defect"
],
[
"failing",
"failing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A defect or failing; moral or spiritual degeneracy."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/læk/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-lack.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/62/En-us-lack.ogg/En-us-lack.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/En-us-lack.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "lakh (one pronunciation)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æk"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "dearth"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "deficiency"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "deficit"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "dejection"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "inadequacy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "infrequency"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "insufficiency"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "meagerness"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "nonsufficiency"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "lack"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "paucity"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "penury"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "rareness"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "rarity"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "scantiness"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "scarcity"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "shortage"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "shortcoming"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "unsufficiency"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "want"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "naqṣ",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "نَقْص"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕadam wujūd",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "عَدَم وُجُود"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pakas",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "պակաս"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pakasutʻyun",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "պակասություն"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "natoni",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "নাটনি"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "onaton",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "অনাটন"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "çatışmazlıq"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "qıtlıq"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "adsútnascʹ",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "адсу́тнасць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "brak",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "брак"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "njedaxvát",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "недахва́т"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "njedaxóp",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "недахо́п"
},
{
"code": "bho",
"lang": "Bhojpuri",
"roman": "ābhāv",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "आभाव"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "núžda",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ну́жда"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lípsa",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ли́пса"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otsǎ́stvie",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "отсъ́ствие"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "falta"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "manca"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fretura"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bùzú",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "不足"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "quēfá",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "缺乏"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nedostatek"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "mangel"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gebrek"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "manko"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "puute"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "vajaus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "vaje"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "manque"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "défaut"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "absence"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "falla"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "marra"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carencia"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Mangel"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "wan",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "𐍅𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "élleipsi",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "έλλειψη"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "éndeia",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ένδεια"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "éndeia",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ἔνδεια"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "chóser",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "חוסר"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kamī",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "कमी"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "hiány"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "skortur"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "vaijuus"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "uireasa"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mancanza"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scarsità"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carenza"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "penuria"
},
{
"alt": "ふそく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "fusoku",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "不足"
},
{
"alt": "けつぼう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ketsubō",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "欠乏"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bujok",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "부족"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gyeolpip",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "결핍"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mankansa"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pēnūria"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "nedostatok",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "недостаток"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "illāyma",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "ഇല്ലായ്മ"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "abhāvaṁ",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "അഭാവം"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "kore"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mangel"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "fıkdân",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "فقدان"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brak"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "niedostatek"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "falta"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carência"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "deficiência"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "penúria"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "escassez"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lipsă (de)"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otsútstvije",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "отсу́тствие"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nexvátka",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нехва́тка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nedostátok",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "недоста́ток"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "need",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nuždá",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нужда́"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cion"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gainne"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gainnead"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "easbhaidh"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "недостатак"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "nedostatak"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nedostatok"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "falta"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carencia"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "penuria"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "escasez"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prescindencia"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "desproveimiento (disused)"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "avsaknad"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "brist"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "menki"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "eksiklik"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "yokluk"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "yoksunluk"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "noksan"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "brak",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "брак"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidsútnistʹ",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "відсу́тність"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "nedostáča",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "недоста́ча"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kamī",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "کمی"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diffyg"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "kemiyey"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "kemeyin"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "taynin"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "deficiency, need",
"word": "qıtlığ"
}
],
"word": "lack"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æk",
"Rhymes:English/æk/1 syllable",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Alemannic German translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Faliscan translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greenlandic translations",
"Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kashubian translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Ladino translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Quechua translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sidamo translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with Yup'ik translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "lack-all"
},
{
"word": "lack-grace"
},
{
"word": "lack-latin"
},
{
"word": "lack-laughter"
},
{
"word": "lack-learning"
},
{
"word": "lack-life"
},
{
"word": "lack-linen"
},
{
"word": "lack-looks"
},
{
"word": "lack-love"
},
{
"word": "lack-mind"
},
{
"word": "lack-pity"
},
{
"word": "lackwit"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lacken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lacken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "læccian"
},
"expansion": "Old English læccian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*lak(k)ōn",
"t": "to blame, be lacking"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *lak(k)ōn (“to blame, be lacking”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*lak(k)ōną",
"t": "to reproach, blame, be lacking"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lak(k)ōną (“to reproach, blame, be lacking”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lok-néh₂-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lok-néh₂-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "lakia"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian lakia",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "lacken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German lacken",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "laken",
"t": "to disapprove, blame, lack"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch laken (“to disapprove, blame, lack”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "laken",
"t": "to blame, reproach"
},
"expansion": "Dutch laken (“to blame, reproach”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lacken, lakken, laken, from Old English læccian, *lacian (“to blame, criticise, lack”), from Proto-West Germanic *lak(k)ōn (“to blame, be lacking”), from Proto-Germanic *lak(k)ōną (“to reproach, blame, be lacking”), from Proto-Indo-European *lok-néh₂-. Cognate with Old Frisian lakia, lekia (“to contest, blame”), Middle Low German lacken, laken (“to reproach, blame, criticise”), Middle Dutch laken (“to disapprove, blame, lack”), Dutch laken (“to blame, reproach”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lacks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lacking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lacked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "lacked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lack (third-person singular simple present lacks, present participle lacking, simple past and past participle lacked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "lackluster"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English stative verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "My life lacks excitement.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2022 January 12, Tom Allett, “Network News: MPs concerned at Treasury's influence on rail industry”, in RAIL, number 948, page 13:",
"text": "More flak was aimed at the Treasury's apparent lack of marketing skills, when it was argued that its idea of how to sell tickets was along the lines of \"you can get two tickets for the price of two\", and it lacks the sales and promotional skills of the train operating companies which are needed to boost revenue.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be without, not to have, to need, to require."
],
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
],
[
"require",
"require"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, stative) To be without, not to have, to need, to require."
],
"tags": [
"stative",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He'll never lack for company while he's got all that money.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv]:",
"text": "Hamlet. What hour now?\nHoratio. I think it lacks of twelve.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be short (of or for something)."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To be short (of or for something)."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Psalms 34:10:",
"text": "The young lions do lack, and suffer hunger […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be in want."
],
"links": [
[
"want",
"want"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) To be in want."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1370–1390, [William Langland], “[Passus II]”, in The Vision of Pierce Plowman [...], London: […] Roberte Crowley, […], published 1550, →OCLC:",
"text": "That is Mede þe Mayde quod she · hath noyed me ful oft / And ylakked my lemman.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To see the deficiency in (someone or something); to find fault with, to malign, reproach."
],
"links": [
[
"deficiency",
"deficiency"
],
[
"find fault",
"find fault"
],
[
"malign",
"malign"
],
[
"reproach",
"reproach"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To see the deficiency in (someone or something); to find fault with, to malign, reproach."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/læk/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-lack.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/62/En-us-lack.ogg/En-us-lack.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/En-us-lack.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "lakh (one pronunciation)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æk"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "mungon"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "falta da"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "brakavácʹ",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "бракава́ць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "adsútničacʹ",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "адсу́тнічаць"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nuždaja se",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "нуждая се"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lipsva mi",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "липсва ми"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "faltar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "mancar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "quē",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "缺"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiàn",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "欠"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "quēfá",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "缺乏"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "postrádat"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "mangle"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "derven"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "ontberen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "missen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "gebrek hebben (aan)"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "manki"
},
{
"code": "xfa",
"lang": "Faliscan",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "careo (careo)"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "puuttua (to be missing; English subject in the ablative or elative case)",
"sense": "be without, need, require"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "tarvita"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "kaivata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "manquer"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "faltar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "fallar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "marrar"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "aḳlia",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "აკლია"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "mangeln"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "fehlen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"dated",
"transitive"
],
"word": "entbehren"
},
{
"code": "gsw",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"Alemannic-German"
],
"word": "fääle"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "déō",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "δέω"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "khēreúō",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "χηρεύω"
},
{
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "-ilatsi"
},
{
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "manke"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "nélkülöz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "hiányt szenved"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "hiányol"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "skorta"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "indijar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "mancare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "scarseggiare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "richiedere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "necessitare"
},
{
"alt": "かける",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kakeru",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"word": "欠ける"
},
{
"alt": "かく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kaku",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"word": "欠く"
},
{
"code": "csb",
"lang": "Kashubian",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "mësac"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "khvah",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "ខ្វះ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "eopda",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "없다"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"english": "be short",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bujokhada",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "부족하다"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "mankar"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "desum"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "egeo"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "careo"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "desidero"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "nedostasuva",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "недостасува"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "kōpaka"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "dutax",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "дутах"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "mangle"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "mancar"
},
{
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"roman": "nedostati",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "недостати"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "brakować"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zabraknąć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "faltar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "carecer"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "muchuy"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "usuy"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otsútstvovatʹ",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "отсу́тствовать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nedostavátʹ",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "недостава́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nedostátʹ",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "недоста́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "need",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nuždátʹsja",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "нужда́ться"
},
{
"code": "sid",
"lang": "Sidamo",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "hooga"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "chýbať"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "manjkati"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "faltar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "carecer"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "sakna"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "fattas"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "yoksun olmak"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "brakuváty",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "бракува́ти"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "thiếu"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "be without, need, require",
"word": "yn eisiau"
},
{
"code": "esu",
"lang": "Yup'ik",
"note": "(noun-to-verb postbase meaning \"to lack N.\") -ngite",
"sense": "be without, need, require"
}
],
"word": "lack"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "adequacy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "excess"
}
],
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with homophones",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æk",
"Rhymes:English/æk/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "lacks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lack (plural lacks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "apathy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "cowardice"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "poverty"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "good lack"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "abundant"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "lakh"
}
],
"categories": [
"English archaic forms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a lack of rupees"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Archaic form of lakh."
],
"links": [
[
"lakh",
"lakh#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/læk/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-lack.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/62/En-us-lack.ogg/En-us-lack.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/En-us-lack.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "lakh (one pronunciation)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æk"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "dearth"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "deficiency"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "deficit"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "dejection"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "inadequacy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "infrequency"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "insufficiency"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "meagerness"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "nonsufficiency"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "lack"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "paucity"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "penury"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "rareness"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "rarity"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "scantiness"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "scarcity"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "shortage"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "shortcoming"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "unsufficiency"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:lack",
"word": "want"
}
],
"word": "lack"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lack meaning in English (40.2kB)
{
"called_from": "translations/609-20230504",
"msg": "Translation too long compared to word, so it is skipped",
"path": [
"lack"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "lack",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.