See spur on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bone spur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "knight's spur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Prince of Wales spur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spur cell"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spurdog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spur gear"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spur gearing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spur-heeled"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spur leather"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spur-leather"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spur of the moment"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spur-of-the-moment"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spur road"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spur-royal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spur-shell"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spur-throated grasshopper"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spur-throated locust"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spur valerian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spur-way"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spur-wheel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spur-winged"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spur-winged goose"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spur-winged lapwing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spur-winged plover"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "under-spur-leather"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "whip and spur"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spure"
},
"expansion": "Middle English spure",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "spora"
},
"expansion": "Old English spora",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*spurō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *spurō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*spurô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *spurô",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sperH-",
"t": "to kick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sperH- (“to kick”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English spure, spore, from Old English spora, spura, from Proto-West Germanic *spurō, from Proto-Germanic *spurô, from Proto-Indo-European *sperH- (“to kick”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spurs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spur (plural spurs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Meronyms: rowel, prick"
},
{
"ref": "1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene vi], line 4:",
"text": "Lives he, good uncle? thrice within this hour I saw him down; thrice up again, and fighting; From helmet to the spur all blood he was.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1786, Francis Grose, “Tilting Armour”, in A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, […], London: […] S. Hooper, […], →OCLC, page 28:",
"text": "Tvvo ſorts of ſpurs ſeem to have been in uſe about the time of the Conqueſt, one called a pryck, having only a ſingle point like the gaffle of a fighting cock; the other conſiſting of a number of points of a conſiderable length, radiating from and revolving on a center, thence named the rouelle or vvheel ſpur.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A rigid implement, often roughly y-shaped, that is fixed to one's heel for the purpose of prodding a horse. Often worn by, and emblematic of, the cowboy or the knight."
],
"id": "en-spur-en-noun-w3Tkszfh",
"links": [
[
"implement",
"implement"
],
[
"heel",
"heel"
],
[
"prod",
"prod"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
],
[
"worn",
"worn"
],
[
"emblematic",
"emblematic"
],
[
"cowboy",
"cowboy"
],
[
"knight",
"knight"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mamuz"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "shpor"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mihmāz",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مِهْمَاز"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xtʻan",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "խթան"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "al",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "আল"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "mahmız"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "špóra",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "шпо́ра"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "astróha",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "астро́га"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "špóra",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "шпо́ра"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esperó"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "馬刺"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mǎcì",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "马刺"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ostruha"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "spore"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "spoor"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "sprono"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "kannus"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "kannus"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "éperon"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "espora"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sporn"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "spiroúni",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "σπιρούνι"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kéntron",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κέντρον"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "דורבן"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "dorbán",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "דָּרְבָּן"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "mahmez",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "महमेज़"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "sarkantyú"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spori"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "kannus"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spor"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brod"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "sperone"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"alt": "はくしゃ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hakusha",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "拍車"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "ökşelık",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "өкшелік"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "krɑcap",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "ក្រចាប់"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bakcha",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "박차"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "şpora",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "шпора"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "calcar"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "mamuza",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мамуза"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "pacu"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "kipa"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "spore"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "tülxec",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "түлхэц"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spore"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spore"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esperon"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spora"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "mahmuz",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "مهموز"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "mahmíz",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مهميز"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "mahmiz",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "مهمیز"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "asb-angiz",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "اسب انگیز"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ostroga"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "espora"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pinten"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "špóra",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "шпо́ра"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "мамуза"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "оструга"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "mamuza"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "ostruga"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ostroha"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ostroga"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "espuela"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "acicate"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espolín"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "chocoyas"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espolón"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sporre"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "tari"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "espuwelas"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "mahmez",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "маҳмез"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "rting lcags",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "རྟིང་ལྕགས"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "mahmuz"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ostróha",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "остро́га"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "špóra",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "шпо́ра"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "mahmez",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "مہمیز"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "shpora"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "mahmez"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "đinh thúc ngựa"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sporon"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sbardun"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 12 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 4",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ysbardun"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1832, The Atheneum, volume 31, page 493:",
"text": "I had hardly said the word, when Kit jumped into the saddle, and gave his horse a whip and a spur — and off it cantered, as if it were in as great a hurry to be married as Kit himself.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A jab given with the spurs."
],
"id": "en-spur-en-noun-mJmAbA3Z",
"links": [
[
"jab",
"jab"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 78 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prišporvane",
"sense": "jab given with the spurs",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "пришпорване"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 78 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "jab given with the spurs",
"word": "kannustus"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 78 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "jab given with the spurs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espolazo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 78 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "jab given with the spurs",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "espolada"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, The Famous Historie of Troylus and Cresseid. […] (First Quarto), London: […] G[eorge] Eld for R[ichard] Bonian and H[enry] Walley, […], published 1609, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii]:",
"text": "She is a theame of honour and renowne, / A ſpurre to valiant and magnanimous deeds, / Whoſe preſent courage may beate downe our foes, / And fame in time to come canonize us, [...]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Anything that inspires or motivates, as a spur does a horse."
],
"id": "en-spur-en-noun-2njXMa54",
"links": [
[
"inspire",
"inspire"
],
[
"motivate",
"motivate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) Anything that inspires or motivates, as a spur does a horse."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "stímul",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сти́мул"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podbuda",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "подбуда"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "biāncè",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"word": "鞭策"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"word": "激勵"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīlì",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"word": "激励"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cìjī",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"word": "刺激"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gǔwǔ",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"word": "鼓舞"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "spore"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"word": "sprono"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"word": "kannustin"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"word": "Ansporn"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kéntron",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κέντρον"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sprono"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"alt": "しげき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shigeki",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"word": "刺激"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "calcar"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spore"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spore"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esperon"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "espora"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "stímul",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сти́мул"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "espuela"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "acicate"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "incentivo"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 32 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 4 8 8 2 0 2 0 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sporre"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An appendage or spike pointing rearward, near the foot, for instance that of a rooster."
],
"id": "en-spur-en-noun-FY6rYpeD",
"links": [
[
"appendage",
"appendage"
],
[
"spike",
"spike"
],
[
"foot",
"foot"
],
[
"rooster",
"rooster"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "çapua"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "bit",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "բիտ"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kotoš",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "կոտոշ"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jù",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "距"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ostruha"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "spore"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "sprono"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "kannus"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ergot"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esporón"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "espora"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kéntron",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κέντρον"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "kannus"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sperone"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "calcar"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "taji"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "spore"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "esperon"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "espora"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "špóra",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "шпо́ра"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espolón"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sporre"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "tahid"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "mahmuz"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "cựa"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 1 49 5 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 2 4 2 1 3 2 4",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sporon"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any protruding part connected at one end, for instance a highway that extends from another highway into a city."
],
"id": "en-spur-en-noun-aM-mujVQ",
"links": [
[
"protruding",
"protruding"
],
[
"highway",
"highway"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 7 40 0 5 2 4 2 2 3 8 7 3 0 2 0 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"word": "支線"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 7 40 0 5 2 4 2 2 3 8 7 3 0 2 0 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhīxiàn",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"word": "支线"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 7 40 0 5 2 4 2 2 3 8 7 3 0 2 0 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"word": "haara"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 7 40 0 5 2 4 2 2 3 8 7 3 0 2 0 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "embranchement"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 7 40 0 5 2 4 2 2 3 8 7 3 0 2 0 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diramazione"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 7 40 0 5 2 4 2 2 3 8 7 3 0 2 0 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "divaricazione"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 7 40 0 5 2 4 2 2 3 8 7 3 0 2 0 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sporgenza"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 7 40 0 5 2 4 2 2 3 8 7 3 0 2 0 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "protuberanza"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 7 40 0 5 2 4 2 2 3 8 7 3 0 2 0 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sperone"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 7 40 0 5 2 4 2 2 3 8 7 3 0 2 0 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spunzone"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 7 40 0 5 2 4 2 2 3 8 7 3 0 2 0 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spuntone"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 7 40 0 5 2 4 2 2 3 8 7 3 0 2 0 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "conexão"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 7 40 0 5 2 4 2 2 3 8 7 3 0 2 0 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prolongamento"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 7 40 0 5 2 4 2 2 3 8 7 3 0 2 0 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "conexión"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 7 40 0 5 2 4 2 2 3 8 7 3 0 2 0 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "extensión"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 3 7 40 0 5 2 4 2 2 3 8 7 3 0 2 0 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prolongación"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:",
"text": "[…] the strong-bas'd promontory / Have I made shake; and by the spurs pluck'd up / The pine and cedar […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611 April (first recorded performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii], line 57:",
"text": "I do note / That grief and patience, rooted in them both, / Mingle their spurs together.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Roots, tree roots."
],
"id": "en-spur-en-noun-BcBByoud",
"links": [
[
"Roots",
"root"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 2 0 1 1 84 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "roots",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "juuret"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 0 1 1 84 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "roots",
"word": "juuristo"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 0 1 1 84 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "roots",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "propaggini"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 0 1 1 84 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kórenʹ",
"sense": "roots",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ко́рень"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 0 1 1 84 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "roots",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "alcurnia"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Geology",
"orig": "en:Geology",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A mountain that shoots from another mountain or range and extends some distance in a lateral direction, or at right angles."
],
"id": "en-spur-en-noun-EDx4aCsb",
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"mountain",
"mountain"
],
[
"range",
"range"
],
[
"right angle",
"right angle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) A mountain that shoots from another mountain or range and extends some distance in a lateral direction, or at right angles."
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 2 10 0 36 2 1 0 22 0 0 2 1 0 3 1 17",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "contrafort"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 2 10 0 36 2 1 0 22 0 0 2 1 0 3 1 17",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shānzuǐ",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"word": "山嘴"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 2 10 0 36 2 1 0 22 0 0 2 1 0 3 1 17",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"word": "haarake"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 2 10 0 36 2 1 0 22 0 0 2 1 0 3 1 17",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "guglia"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 2 10 0 36 2 1 0 22 0 0 2 1 0 3 1 17",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cima"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 2 10 0 36 2 1 0 22 0 0 2 1 0 3 1 17",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vetta"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 2 10 0 36 2 1 0 22 0 0 2 1 0 3 1 17",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "picco"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 2 10 0 36 2 1 0 22 0 0 2 1 0 3 1 17",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pinnacolo"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 2 10 0 36 2 1 0 22 0 0 2 1 0 3 1 17",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pizzo"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 2 10 0 36 2 1 0 22 0 0 2 1 0 3 1 17",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"word": "taumutu"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 2 10 0 36 2 1 0 22 0 0 2 1 0 3 1 17",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"word": "taukaka"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 2 10 0 36 2 1 0 22 0 0 2 1 0 3 1 17",
"code": "mi",
"english": "a spur that slopes",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"word": "karahiwi"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 2 10 0 36 2 1 0 22 0 0 2 1 0 3 1 17",
"code": "mi",
"english": "a spur that is level",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"word": "tuakahiwi"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 2 10 0 36 2 1 0 22 0 0 2 1 0 3 1 17",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"word": "mātātāu"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 2 10 0 36 2 1 0 22 0 0 2 1 0 3 1 17",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sprone"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 2 10 0 36 2 1 0 22 0 0 2 1 0 3 1 17",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otróg",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "отро́г"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 2 10 0 36 2 1 0 22 0 0 2 1 0 3 1 17",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espolón"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 1 1 0 2 14 13 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 20 21 13 2 1 0 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Footwear",
"orig": "en:Footwear",
"parents": [
"Clothing",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A spiked iron worn by seamen upon the bottom of the boot, to enable them to stand upon the carcass of a whale to strip off the blubber."
],
"id": "en-spur-en-noun-zSssds~8",
"links": [
[
"carcass",
"carcass"
],
[
"whale",
"whale"
],
[
"blubber",
"blubber"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Carpentry",
"orig": "en:Carpentry",
"parents": [
"Construction",
"Woodworking",
"Architecture",
"Engineering",
"Crafts",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Technology",
"Society",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 1 1 0 2 14 13 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 20 21 13 2 1 0 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Footwear",
"orig": "en:Footwear",
"parents": [
"Clothing",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A brace strengthening a post and some connected part, such as a rafter or crossbeam; a strut."
],
"id": "en-spur-en-noun-GJX7OSTi",
"links": [
[
"carpentry",
"carpentry"
],
[
"brace",
"brace"
],
[
"post",
"post"
],
[
"rafter",
"rafter"
],
[
"crossbeam",
"crossbeam"
],
[
"strut",
"strut"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(carpentry) A brace strengthening a post and some connected part, such as a rafter or crossbeam; a strut."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"carpentry",
"construction",
"manufacturing"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 2 1 5 13 0 2 1 43 7 1 2 4 5 4 1 1 1 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "carpentry: brace strengthening a post and some connected part",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "puntal"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Architecture",
"orig": "en:Architecture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The short wooden buttress of a post."
],
"id": "en-spur-en-noun-ndXBrblf",
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"buttress",
"buttress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(architecture) The short wooden buttress of a post."
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Architecture",
"orig": "en:Architecture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A projection from the round base of a column, occupying the angle of a square plinth upon which the base rests, or bringing the bottom bed of the base to a nearly square form. It is generally carved in leafage."
],
"id": "en-spur-en-noun-gGWc1w~O",
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"column",
"column"
],
[
"plinth",
"plinth"
],
[
"leafage",
"leafage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(architecture) A projection from the round base of a column, occupying the angle of a square plinth upon which the base rests, or bringing the bottom bed of the base to a nearly square form. It is generally carved in leafage."
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 2 7 0 9 1 2 3 58 0 0 2 2 0 2 1 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "architecture: projection from the round base of a column",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Eckblatt"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Ergotized rye or other grain."
],
"id": "en-spur-en-noun-pBlZqzUd",
"links": [
[
"Ergotized",
"ergotized"
],
[
"rye",
"rye"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 2 5 9 7 0 7 4 1 3 3 18 10 9 3 1 2 0 8",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ergotized grain",
"word": "torajyvävilja"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 2 3 6 5 0 5 3 1 2 2 3 15 6 2 1 3 1 5 1 1 1 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 3 7 6 0 6 3 2 3 2 3 11 6 2 1 3 1 5 2 1 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 6 5 1 5 3 1 3 2 3 11 6 3 1 2 1 5 2 2 13 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 6 5 1 5 3 2 3 3 3 11 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 1 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 0 5 3 2 3 2 3 11 6 3 1 2 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 3 6 5 0 5 2 1 2 2 3 11 6 2 0 2 0 5 1 1 20 18 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A wall in a fortification that crosses a part of a rampart and joins to an inner wall."
],
"id": "en-spur-en-noun-GdoqGYXb",
"links": [
[
"fortification",
"fortification"
],
[
"rampart",
"rampart"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A piece of timber fixed on the bilgeways before launching, having the upper ends bolted to the vessel's side."
],
"id": "en-spur-en-noun-EJzyp-0N",
"links": [
[
"bilgeway",
"bilgeway"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(shipbuilding) A piece of timber fixed on the bilgeways before launching, having the upper ends bolted to the vessel's side."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"shipbuilding"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A curved piece of timber serving as a half to support the deck where a whole beam cannot be placed."
],
"id": "en-spur-en-noun-tQIbi1Eg",
"raw_glosses": [
"(shipbuilding) A curved piece of timber serving as a half to support the deck where a whole beam cannot be placed."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"shipbuilding"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mining",
"orig": "en:Mining",
"parents": [
"Industries",
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A branch of a vein."
],
"id": "en-spur-en-noun-~jZ4k3qa",
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
],
[
"branch",
"branch"
],
[
"vein",
"vein"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mining) A branch of a vein."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 4 1 2 2 1 2 2 4 1 1 1 3 5 4 48 5 5 7",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razklonenie",
"sense": "mining: branch of a vein",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разклонение"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Rail transportation",
"orig": "en:Rail transportation",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A very short branch line of a railway line."
],
"id": "en-spur-en-noun-Ak1tIL9W",
"links": [
[
"rail transport",
"rail transport"
],
[
"branch line",
"branch line"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rail transport) A very short branch line of a railway line."
],
"topics": [
"rail-transport",
"railways",
"transport"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 80 4 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "very short branch line of a railway line",
"word": "sivuraide"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Transport",
"orig": "en:Transport",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 1 2 9 1 1 2 3 1 2 2 2 3 2 1 17 25 2 2 2 2 3 2 4 3 1 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Roads",
"orig": "en:Roads",
"parents": [
"Road transport",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A short branch road of a motorway, freeway or major road."
],
"id": "en-spur-en-noun-YUUw01kT",
"links": [
[
"transport",
"transport"
],
[
"motorway",
"motorway"
],
[
"freeway",
"freeway"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transport) A short branch road of a motorway, freeway or major road."
],
"topics": [
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "en:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 2 5 4 4 5 3 4 5 2 2 4 4 3 2 2 1 19 1 4 0 4 0 5 5 1 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Plant anatomy",
"orig": "en:Plant anatomy",
"parents": [
"Anatomy",
"Botany",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A short thin side shoot from a branch, especially one that bears fruit or, in conifers, the shoots that bear the leaves."
],
"id": "en-spur-en-noun-5gLrKT7n",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"shoot",
"shoot"
],
[
"branch",
"branch"
],
[
"fruit",
"fruit"
],
[
"conifers",
"conifers"
],
[
"leaves",
"leaves"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) A short thin side shoot from a branch, especially one that bears fruit or, in conifers, the shoots that bear the leaves."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/spɜː/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/spɝ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-spur.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/En-us-spur.ogg/En-us-spur.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/En-us-spur.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)"
}
],
"word": "spur"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spur on"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spure"
},
"expansion": "Middle English spure",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "spora"
},
"expansion": "Old English spora",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*spurō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *spurō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*spurô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *spurô",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sperH-",
"t": "to kick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sperH- (“to kick”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English spure, spore, from Old English spora, spura, from Proto-West Germanic *spurō, from Proto-Germanic *spurô, from Proto-Indo-European *sperH- (“to kick”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spurs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spurring",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "spurred",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "spurred",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spur (third-person singular simple present spurs, present participle spurring, simple past and past participle spurred)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 1 1 0 2 14 13 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 20 21 13 2 1 0 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Footwear",
"orig": "en:Footwear",
"parents": [
"Clothing",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iii], line 339:",
"text": "Draw, archers, draw your arrows to the head! Spur your proud horses hard, and ride in blood; Amaze the welkin with your broken staves!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To prod (especially a horse) on the side or flank, with the intent to urge motion or haste, to gig."
],
"id": "en-spur-en-verb-zig6oksv",
"links": [
[
"prod",
"prod"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
],
[
"flank",
"flank"
],
[
"urge",
"urge"
],
[
"motion",
"motion"
],
[
"haste",
"haste"
],
[
"gig",
"gig"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To prod (especially a horse) on the side or flank, with the intent to urge motion or haste, to gig."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prišporvam",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "пришпорвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "esperonar"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mǎ",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "策(馬"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mǎ",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "马)前進"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiánjìn",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "前进"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"alt": "cè (mǎ) qiánjìn",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mǎ",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "策(马)前进"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to prod",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pobídnout"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to prod",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pobídnout ostruhami"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "sproni"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "kannustaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "éperonner"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "esporear"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "die Sporen geben"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "dirbén",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "דִּרְבֵּן"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "megsarkantyúz"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "memacu"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "pungolare"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "spronare"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"alt": "つく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tsuku",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "突く"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"alt": "はくしゃをかける",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hakusha o kakeru",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "拍車をかける"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "calcarō"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "kipa"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "sporen"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "mahmuzlamak",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "مهموزلمق"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "üzengilemek",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "اوزنگیلمك"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "esporar"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prišpórivatʹ",
"sense": "to prod",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пришпо́ривать"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prišpóritʹ",
"sense": "to prod",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "пришпо́рить"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "espolear"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "espolonear"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "acicatear"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "sporra"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 10 9 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "mahmuzlamak"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 1 1 0 2 14 13 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 20 21 13 2 1 0 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Footwear",
"orig": "en:Footwear",
"parents": [
"Clothing",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1601–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Twelfe Night, or What You Will”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv], line 4:",
"text": "My desire / (More sharp than filed steel) did spur me forth...",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1940 May, “Overseas Railways: Acceleration Proceeds in U.S.A.”, in Railway Magazine, page 298:",
"text": "But the latest Santa Fe development, while not spurring the Rock Island to any further acceleration, has drawn fire from a totally unexpected quarter.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014 November 17, Roger Cohen, “The horror! The horror! The trauma of ISIS [print version: International New York Times, 18 November 2014, p. 9]”, in The New York Times:",
"text": "What is unbearable, in fact, is the feeling, 13 years after 9/11, that America has been chasing its tail; that, in some whack-a-mole horror show, the quashing of a jihadi enclave here only spurs the sprouting of another there; that the ideology of Al Qaeda is still reverberating through a blocked Arab world whose Sunni-Shia balance (insofar as that went) was upended by the American invasion of Iraq.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To urge or encourage to action, or to a more vigorous pursuit of an object"
],
"id": "en-spur-en-verb-iVm4bom3",
"links": [
[
"encourage",
"encourage"
],
[
"vigorous",
"vigorous"
],
[
"pursuit",
"pursuit"
],
[
"object",
"object"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To urge or encourage to action, or to a more vigorous pursuit of an object"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "incite"
},
{
"word": "stimulate"
},
{
"word": "instigate"
},
{
"word": "impel"
},
{
"word": "drive"
},
{
"word": "incite"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "esperonar"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "biāncè",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "鞭策"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "激勵"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīlì",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "激励"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cìjī",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "刺激"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gǔwǔ",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "鼓舞"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "促進"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cùjìn",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "促进"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mǒushì",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "刺激(某事)發生"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fāshēng",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "发生"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "帶動"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dàidòng",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "带动"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pobídnout"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pobízet"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pohánět"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "popohnat"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "přimět"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "aansporen"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "aanmoedigen"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "bewegen"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "kannustaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "yllyttää"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "stimuler"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "esporear"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "aguillar"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "estimular"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "aguilloar"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "anspornen"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "dirbén",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "דִּרְבֵּן"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "sarkall"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "stimolare"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "incoraggiare"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "instigare"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "incitare"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "spronare"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"alt": "こうどうさせる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōdō saseru",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "行動させる"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bakchareul gahada",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "박차를 가하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "incitō"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "sporen"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "dürtmek",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "دورتمك"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "körüklemek",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "كوروكلمك"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "instigar"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "provocar"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "estimular"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "îndemna"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podgonjátʹ",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "подгоня́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"alt": "к чему́-либо",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pobuždátʹ",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "побужда́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "espolear"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "incentivar"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "estimular"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "incitar"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "motivar"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "animar"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "sporra"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "wārw-"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 74 4 5 1",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "sbarduno"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 1 3 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 3 7 7 2 0 2 1 6 0 3 0 1 0 12 11 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 4 7 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 3 7 7 2 1 2 1 6 1 4 1 1 1 13 12 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 4 8 6 0 6 3 0 3 2 3 8 7 2 0 2 0 6 1 3 1 1 1 13 12 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 3 7 6 1 6 4 2 3 3 3 7 6 3 1 3 1 6 3 2 9 9 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 6 3 2 12 11 1",
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"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 4 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 3 2 12 11 1",
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"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 6 5 1 5 3 2 3 3 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 5 3 2 4 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 3 2 13 11 1",
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{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
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},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 6 5 1 5 3 1 3 2 3 11 6 3 1 2 1 5 2 2 13 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 4 7 6 1 6 3 1 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 2 1 5 2 2 13 12 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 5 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 6 5 0 5 3 2 3 2 3 9 6 2 1 2 1 5 3 2 13 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 7 6 1 6 4 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 3 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 6 5 1 5 3 2 3 3 3 11 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 1 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 3 7 6 1 6 4 2 3 3 3 8 6 3 1 2 1 6 2 2 11 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 5 3 3 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 3 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 7 6 0 6 3 2 3 3 3 8 6 3 1 2 1 6 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 3 8 7 1 7 4 2 3 2 3 7 6 3 1 2 1 6 2 2 11 10 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 4 6 6 1 5 3 1 3 3 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 6 1 1 13 12 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 5 4 2 3 2 4 8 6 3 1 3 2 5 3 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 4 7 6 1 5 3 1 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 6 1 1 14 13 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 4 7 6 1 5 3 1 3 3 3 9 6 3 1 2 1 6 1 1 14 13 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 5 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 3 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 4 7 6 1 5 3 1 3 3 3 9 6 3 1 2 1 6 1 1 14 13 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 3 7 6 1 7 4 2 3 3 3 7 5 2 1 4 1 7 2 1 11 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 3 6 6 0 5 3 2 3 2 4 8 7 2 1 4 2 6 4 1 11 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Middle English translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 4 3 3 8 6 3 1 2 1 6 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mongolian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 5 3 2 3 3 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 3 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 4 8 6 0 7 3 1 3 2 4 8 7 2 0 2 0 6 1 1 14 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 1 3 3 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 3 7 8 0 6 4 3 3 2 4 7 6 3 1 3 3 6 3 2 10 10 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old English translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 5 4 4 3 2 3 7 7 4 2 3 1 5 3 2 11 9 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 4 7 6 1 5 3 1 3 3 3 9 6 3 1 2 1 6 1 1 14 13 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Pashto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 5 3 3 3 3 4 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 5 1 5 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 3 2 12 11 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 4 1 3 1 6 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 4 7 6 1 5 3 1 3 3 3 9 6 3 1 2 1 6 1 1 14 13 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 4 7 6 0 5 3 1 3 2 3 9 7 2 1 2 1 6 1 1 1 14 13 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 0 5 3 2 3 2 3 11 6 3 1 2 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tajik translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tibetan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 3 6 5 0 5 2 1 2 2 3 11 6 2 0 2 0 5 1 1 20 18 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 7 6 0 6 3 2 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 13 12 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 7 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 13 12 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uzbek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 6 5 1 5 3 2 3 3 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Walloon translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 4 6 5 0 5 3 1 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 2 1 5 2 2 13 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 3 9 5 0 6 2 3 3 3 3 7 8 4 1 2 1 5 1 3 1 1 1 11 10 1 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Walls and fences",
"orig": "en:Walls and fences",
"parents": [
"Buildings and structures",
"Architecture",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 3 8 6 1 6 5 2 3 2 3 6 6 2 1 2 0 6 0 4 2 3 0 11 10 0 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fungi",
"orig": "en:Fungi",
"parents": [
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 3 7 5 0 5 2 1 3 2 3 6 6 2 1 2 0 6 13 2 1 0 0 11 10 0 1",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Terns",
"orig": "en:Terns",
"parents": [
"Seabirds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 4 8 6 1 6 3 1 3 2 3 7 7 2 1 2 1 6 1 2 1 1 0 13 12 1 1",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "True sparrows",
"orig": "en:True sparrows",
"parents": [
"Perching birds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to spur boots",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To put spurs on."
],
"id": "en-spur-en-verb-zJ6XEOdJ",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To put spurs on."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 2 78 17 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to put spurs on",
"word": "varustaa kannuksilla"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 78 17 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to put spurs on",
"word": "mit Sporen versehen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 78 17 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to put spurs on",
"word": "montare gli speroni"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 78 17 1",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to put spurs on",
"word": "don on spores"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 78 17 1",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to put spurs on",
"word": "sporen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 78 17 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to put spurs on",
"word": "poner espuelas (las)"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 1 3 8 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 3 7 7 2 0 2 1 6 0 3 0 1 0 12 11 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 4 7 6 0 6 3 1 3 2 3 7 7 2 1 2 1 6 1 4 1 1 1 13 12 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 4 8 6 0 6 3 0 3 2 3 8 7 2 0 2 0 6 1 3 1 1 1 13 12 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 3 7 6 1 6 4 2 3 3 3 7 6 3 1 3 1 6 3 2 9 9 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 6 3 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 4 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 3 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Assamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 6 5 1 5 3 2 3 3 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 5 3 2 4 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 3 2 13 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 3 7 6 1 6 3 3 3 2 3 8 6 4 2 3 1 6 2 2 11 10 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 3 7 6 0 6 3 2 3 2 3 11 6 2 1 3 1 5 2 1 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 6 5 1 5 3 1 3 2 3 11 6 3 1 2 1 5 2 2 13 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 4 7 6 1 6 3 1 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 2 1 5 2 2 13 12 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 5 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 6 5 0 5 3 2 3 2 3 9 6 2 1 2 1 5 3 2 13 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 7 6 1 6 4 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 3 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 6 5 1 5 3 2 3 3 3 11 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 1 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 3 7 6 1 6 4 2 3 3 3 8 6 3 1 2 1 6 2 2 11 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 5 3 3 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 3 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 7 6 0 6 3 2 3 3 3 8 6 3 1 2 1 6 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 3 8 7 1 7 4 2 3 2 3 7 6 3 1 2 1 6 2 2 11 10 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 4 6 6 1 5 3 1 3 3 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 6 1 1 13 12 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 5 4 2 3 2 4 8 6 3 1 3 2 5 3 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 4 7 6 1 5 3 1 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 6 1 1 14 13 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 4 7 6 1 5 3 1 3 3 3 9 6 3 1 2 1 6 1 1 14 13 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 5 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 3 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 4 7 6 1 5 3 1 3 3 3 9 6 3 1 2 1 6 1 1 14 13 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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{
"_dis": "6 2 3 7 6 1 7 4 2 3 3 3 7 5 2 1 4 1 7 2 1 11 10 2",
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"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
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{
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{
"_dis": "5 2 3 6 6 0 5 3 2 3 2 4 8 7 2 1 4 2 6 4 1 11 11 1",
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"name": "Terms with Middle English translations",
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{
"_dis": "6 2 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 4 3 3 8 6 3 1 2 1 6 2 2 12 11 1",
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{
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{
"_dis": "6 1 4 8 6 0 7 3 1 3 2 4 8 7 2 0 2 0 6 1 1 14 13 0",
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{
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{
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{
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"_dis": "5 2 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 8 6 4 1 3 1 6 2 2 12 11 1",
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"_dis": "5 3 3 7 6 1 6 3 2 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 12 11 1",
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"name": "Terms with Tocharian B translations",
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"_dis": "6 3 3 7 6 0 6 3 2 3 2 3 9 6 3 1 3 1 5 2 2 13 12 1",
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{
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{
"_dis": "5 1 3 9 5 0 6 2 3 3 3 3 7 8 4 1 2 1 5 1 3 1 1 1 11 10 1 2",
"kind": "topical",
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},
{
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"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fungi",
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},
{
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},
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],
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}
],
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],
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],
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]
},
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"ref": "2021 June 16, Andrew Mourant, “Plans for new test centre remain on track: Testing for rolling stock and infrastructure”, in RAIL, number 933, page 42:",
"text": "It spurs off the Robin Hood line, providing ten miles of single-line test track with a three-mile double section, capable of testing up to 75mph.",
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}
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}
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"_dis": "1 0 0 1 1 0 2 14 13 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 20 21 13 2 1 0 6",
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"code": "fi",
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{
"code": "fi",
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"code": "es",
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}
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}
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},
{
"form": "spurring",
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"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "spurred",
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"participle",
"past"
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"pos": "verb",
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{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "speer"
}
],
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{
"ref": "c. 1590 (date written), [John Lyly], Mother Bombie. […], 2nd edition, London: […] Thomas Creede, for Cuthbert Burby, published 1598, →OCLC, Act IV, scene ii:",
"text": "I haue yonder vncouered a faire girle, Ile be ſo bolde as ſpur her, vvhat might a bodie call her name?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1625, John Fletcher, Philip Massinger, “The Elder Brother. A Comedy.”, in Fifty Comedies and Tragedies. […], [part 1], London: […] J[ohn] Macock [and H. Hills], for John Martyn, Henry Herringman, and Richard Marriot, published 1679, →OCLC, Act IV, scene iv, page 119, column 1:",
"text": "Are you come, old Maſter? Very good, your Horſe is well ſet up; but ere you part, I'll ride you, and ſpur your Reverend Juſticeſhip ſuch a queſtion, as I ſhall make the ſides of your Reputation bleed, truly I will. Now muſt I play at Bo-peep.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1638, Thomas Heywood, \"The Rape of Lucrece. A true Roman Tragedy\", in The Dramatic Works of Thomas Heywood, Vol. V, John Pearson, 1874, pages 230 & 231.\nClo[wne]. Fie upon't, never was poore Pompey ſo overlabour'd as I have beene, I thinke I have ſpurd my horſe ſuch a queſtion, that he is ſcarce able to wig or wag his tayle for an anſwere, but my Lady bad me ſpare for no horſe fleſh, and I thinke I have made him runne his race.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"text": "The Pall Mall Magazine, Vol. 33, 1904, page 435.\nThey hadde spurred questions all the morning, his Majestie being so grossly overtaken with two whole nights' feasting, (which meant a surfeit of sausage laid upon a stomach not over strong), that between sick and sullen he bore a dull edge to the business.",
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}
],
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],
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[
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],
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],
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}
],
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"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Assamese translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Middle English translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Pashto translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Footwear",
"en:Fungi",
"en:Plant anatomy",
"en:Roads",
"en:Terns",
"en:True sparrows",
"en:Walls and fences"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bone spur"
},
{
"word": "knight's spur"
},
{
"word": "Prince of Wales spur"
},
{
"word": "spur cell"
},
{
"word": "spurdog"
},
{
"word": "spur gear"
},
{
"word": "spur gearing"
},
{
"word": "spur-heeled"
},
{
"word": "spur leather"
},
{
"word": "spur-leather"
},
{
"word": "spur of the moment"
},
{
"word": "spur-of-the-moment"
},
{
"word": "spur road"
},
{
"word": "spur-royal"
},
{
"word": "spur-shell"
},
{
"word": "spur-throated grasshopper"
},
{
"word": "spur-throated locust"
},
{
"word": "spur valerian"
},
{
"word": "spur-way"
},
{
"word": "spur-wheel"
},
{
"word": "spur-winged"
},
{
"word": "spur-winged goose"
},
{
"word": "spur-winged lapwing"
},
{
"word": "spur-winged plover"
},
{
"word": "under-spur-leather"
},
{
"word": "whip and spur"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spure"
},
"expansion": "Middle English spure",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "spora"
},
"expansion": "Old English spora",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*spurō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *spurō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*spurô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *spurô",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sperH-",
"t": "to kick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sperH- (“to kick”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English spure, spore, from Old English spora, spura, from Proto-West Germanic *spurō, from Proto-Germanic *spurô, from Proto-Indo-European *sperH- (“to kick”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spurs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spur (plural spurs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Meronyms: rowel, prick"
},
{
"ref": "1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene vi], line 4:",
"text": "Lives he, good uncle? thrice within this hour I saw him down; thrice up again, and fighting; From helmet to the spur all blood he was.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1786, Francis Grose, “Tilting Armour”, in A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, […], London: […] S. Hooper, […], →OCLC, page 28:",
"text": "Tvvo ſorts of ſpurs ſeem to have been in uſe about the time of the Conqueſt, one called a pryck, having only a ſingle point like the gaffle of a fighting cock; the other conſiſting of a number of points of a conſiderable length, radiating from and revolving on a center, thence named the rouelle or vvheel ſpur.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A rigid implement, often roughly y-shaped, that is fixed to one's heel for the purpose of prodding a horse. Often worn by, and emblematic of, the cowboy or the knight."
],
"links": [
[
"implement",
"implement"
],
[
"heel",
"heel"
],
[
"prod",
"prod"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
],
[
"worn",
"worn"
],
[
"emblematic",
"emblematic"
],
[
"cowboy",
"cowboy"
],
[
"knight",
"knight"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1832, The Atheneum, volume 31, page 493:",
"text": "I had hardly said the word, when Kit jumped into the saddle, and gave his horse a whip and a spur — and off it cantered, as if it were in as great a hurry to be married as Kit himself.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A jab given with the spurs."
],
"links": [
[
"jab",
"jab"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, The Famous Historie of Troylus and Cresseid. […] (First Quarto), London: […] G[eorge] Eld for R[ichard] Bonian and H[enry] Walley, […], published 1609, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii]:",
"text": "She is a theame of honour and renowne, / A ſpurre to valiant and magnanimous deeds, / Whoſe preſent courage may beate downe our foes, / And fame in time to come canonize us, [...]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Anything that inspires or motivates, as a spur does a horse."
],
"links": [
[
"inspire",
"inspire"
],
[
"motivate",
"motivate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) Anything that inspires or motivates, as a spur does a horse."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An appendage or spike pointing rearward, near the foot, for instance that of a rooster."
],
"links": [
[
"appendage",
"appendage"
],
[
"spike",
"spike"
],
[
"foot",
"foot"
],
[
"rooster",
"rooster"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any protruding part connected at one end, for instance a highway that extends from another highway into a city."
],
"links": [
[
"protruding",
"protruding"
],
[
"highway",
"highway"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:",
"text": "[…] the strong-bas'd promontory / Have I made shake; and by the spurs pluck'd up / The pine and cedar […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611 April (first recorded performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii], line 57:",
"text": "I do note / That grief and patience, rooted in them both, / Mingle their spurs together.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Roots, tree roots."
],
"links": [
[
"Roots",
"root"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Geology"
],
"glosses": [
"A mountain that shoots from another mountain or range and extends some distance in a lateral direction, or at right angles."
],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"mountain",
"mountain"
],
[
"range",
"range"
],
[
"right angle",
"right angle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) A mountain that shoots from another mountain or range and extends some distance in a lateral direction, or at right angles."
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A spiked iron worn by seamen upon the bottom of the boot, to enable them to stand upon the carcass of a whale to strip off the blubber."
],
"links": [
[
"carcass",
"carcass"
],
[
"whale",
"whale"
],
[
"blubber",
"blubber"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Carpentry"
],
"glosses": [
"A brace strengthening a post and some connected part, such as a rafter or crossbeam; a strut."
],
"links": [
[
"carpentry",
"carpentry"
],
[
"brace",
"brace"
],
[
"post",
"post"
],
[
"rafter",
"rafter"
],
[
"crossbeam",
"crossbeam"
],
[
"strut",
"strut"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(carpentry) A brace strengthening a post and some connected part, such as a rafter or crossbeam; a strut."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"carpentry",
"construction",
"manufacturing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Architecture"
],
"glosses": [
"The short wooden buttress of a post."
],
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"buttress",
"buttress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(architecture) The short wooden buttress of a post."
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Architecture"
],
"glosses": [
"A projection from the round base of a column, occupying the angle of a square plinth upon which the base rests, or bringing the bottom bed of the base to a nearly square form. It is generally carved in leafage."
],
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"column",
"column"
],
[
"plinth",
"plinth"
],
[
"leafage",
"leafage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(architecture) A projection from the round base of a column, occupying the angle of a square plinth upon which the base rests, or bringing the bottom bed of the base to a nearly square form. It is generally carved in leafage."
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Ergotized rye or other grain."
],
"links": [
[
"Ergotized",
"ergotized"
],
[
"rye",
"rye"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A wall in a fortification that crosses a part of a rampart and joins to an inner wall."
],
"links": [
[
"fortification",
"fortification"
],
[
"rampart",
"rampart"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A piece of timber fixed on the bilgeways before launching, having the upper ends bolted to the vessel's side."
],
"links": [
[
"bilgeway",
"bilgeway"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(shipbuilding) A piece of timber fixed on the bilgeways before launching, having the upper ends bolted to the vessel's side."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"shipbuilding"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A curved piece of timber serving as a half to support the deck where a whole beam cannot be placed."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(shipbuilding) A curved piece of timber serving as a half to support the deck where a whole beam cannot be placed."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"shipbuilding"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Mining"
],
"glosses": [
"A branch of a vein."
],
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
],
[
"branch",
"branch"
],
[
"vein",
"vein"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mining) A branch of a vein."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Rail transportation"
],
"glosses": [
"A very short branch line of a railway line."
],
"links": [
[
"rail transport",
"rail transport"
],
[
"branch line",
"branch line"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rail transport) A very short branch line of a railway line."
],
"topics": [
"rail-transport",
"railways",
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Transport"
],
"glosses": [
"A short branch road of a motorway, freeway or major road."
],
"links": [
[
"transport",
"transport"
],
[
"motorway",
"motorway"
],
[
"freeway",
"freeway"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transport) A short branch road of a motorway, freeway or major road."
],
"topics": [
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"A short thin side shoot from a branch, especially one that bears fruit or, in conifers, the shoots that bear the leaves."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"shoot",
"shoot"
],
[
"branch",
"branch"
],
[
"fruit",
"fruit"
],
[
"conifers",
"conifers"
],
[
"leaves",
"leaves"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) A short thin side shoot from a branch, especially one that bears fruit or, in conifers, the shoots that bear the leaves."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/spɜː/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/spɝ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-spur.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/En-us-spur.ogg/En-us-spur.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/En-us-spur.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mamuz"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "shpor"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mihmāz",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مِهْمَاز"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xtʻan",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "խթան"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "al",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "আল"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "mahmız"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "špóra",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "шпо́ра"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "astróha",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "астро́га"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "špóra",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "шпо́ра"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esperó"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "馬刺"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mǎcì",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "马刺"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ostruha"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "spore"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "spoor"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "sprono"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "kannus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "kannus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "éperon"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "espora"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sporn"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "spiroúni",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "σπιρούνι"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kéntron",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κέντρον"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "דורבן"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "dorbán",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "דָּרְבָּן"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "mahmez",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "महमेज़"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "sarkantyú"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spori"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "kannus"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spor"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brod"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "sperone"
},
{
"alt": "はくしゃ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hakusha",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "拍車"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "ökşelık",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "өкшелік"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "krɑcap",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "ក្រចាប់"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bakcha",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "박차"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "şpora",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "шпора"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "calcar"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "mamuza",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мамуза"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "pacu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "kipa"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "spore"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "tülxec",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "түлхэц"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spore"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spore"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esperon"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spora"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "mahmuz",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "مهموز"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "mahmíz",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مهميز"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "mahmiz",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "مهمیز"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "asb-angiz",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "اسب انگیز"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ostroga"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "espora"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pinten"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "špóra",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "шпо́ра"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "мамуза"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "оструга"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "mamuza"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "ostruga"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ostroha"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ostroga"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "espuela"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "acicate"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espolín"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "chocoyas"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espolón"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sporre"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "tari"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "espuwelas"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "mahmez",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "маҳмез"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "rting lcags",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "རྟིང་ལྕགས"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "mahmuz"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ostróha",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "остро́га"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "špóra",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "шпо́ра"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "mahmez",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "مہمیز"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "shpora"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "mahmez"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"word": "đinh thúc ngựa"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sporon"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sbardun"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "implement for prodding a horse",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ysbardun"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prišporvane",
"sense": "jab given with the spurs",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "пришпорване"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "jab given with the spurs",
"word": "kannustus"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "jab given with the spurs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espolazo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "jab given with the spurs",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "espolada"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "stímul",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сти́мул"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podbuda",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "подбуда"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "biāncè",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"word": "鞭策"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"word": "激勵"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīlì",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"word": "激励"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cìjī",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"word": "刺激"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gǔwǔ",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"word": "鼓舞"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "spore"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"word": "sprono"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"word": "kannustin"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"word": "Ansporn"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kéntron",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κέντρον"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sprono"
},
{
"alt": "しげき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shigeki",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"word": "刺激"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "calcar"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spore"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spore"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esperon"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "espora"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "stímul",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сти́мул"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "espuela"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "acicate"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "incentivo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "anything that inspires or motivates",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sporre"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "çapua"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "bit",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "բիտ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kotoš",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "կոտոշ"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jù",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "距"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ostruha"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "spore"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "sprono"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "kannus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ergot"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esporón"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "espora"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kéntron",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κέντρον"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "kannus"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sperone"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "calcar"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "taji"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "spore"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "esperon"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "espora"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "špóra",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "шпо́ра"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espolón"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sporre"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "tahid"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "mahmuz"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"word": "cựa"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "appendage near the foot",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sporon"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"word": "支線"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhīxiàn",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"word": "支线"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"word": "haara"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "embranchement"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diramazione"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "divaricazione"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sporgenza"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "protuberanza"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sperone"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spunzone"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spuntone"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "conexão"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prolongamento"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "conexión"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "extensión"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "any protruding part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prolongación"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "roots",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "juuret"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "roots",
"word": "juuristo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "roots",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "propaggini"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kórenʹ",
"sense": "roots",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ко́рень"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "roots",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "alcurnia"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "contrafort"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shānzuǐ",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"word": "山嘴"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"word": "haarake"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "guglia"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cima"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vetta"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "picco"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pinnacolo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pizzo"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"word": "taumutu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"word": "taukaka"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "a spur that slopes",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"word": "karahiwi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "a spur that is level",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"word": "tuakahiwi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"word": "mātātāu"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sprone"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otróg",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "отро́г"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "projection from a mountain or mountain range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espolón"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "carpentry: brace strengthening a post and some connected part",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "puntal"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "architecture: projection from the round base of a column",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Eckblatt"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ergotized grain",
"word": "torajyvävilja"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razklonenie",
"sense": "mining: branch of a vein",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разклонение"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "very short branch line of a railway line",
"word": "sivuraide"
}
],
"word": "spur"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Georgian translations",
"Requests for review of Mongolian translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Assamese translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Middle English translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Pashto translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Footwear",
"en:Fungi",
"en:Plant anatomy",
"en:Roads",
"en:Terns",
"en:True sparrows",
"en:Walls and fences"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "spur on"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spure"
},
"expansion": "Middle English spure",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "spora"
},
"expansion": "Old English spora",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*spurō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *spurō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*spurô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *spurô",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sperH-",
"t": "to kick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sperH- (“to kick”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English spure, spore, from Old English spora, spura, from Proto-West Germanic *spurō, from Proto-Germanic *spurô, from Proto-Indo-European *sperH- (“to kick”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spurs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spurring",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "spurred",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "spurred",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spur (third-person singular simple present spurs, present participle spurring, simple past and past participle spurred)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iii], line 339:",
"text": "Draw, archers, draw your arrows to the head! Spur your proud horses hard, and ride in blood; Amaze the welkin with your broken staves!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To prod (especially a horse) on the side or flank, with the intent to urge motion or haste, to gig."
],
"links": [
[
"prod",
"prod"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
],
[
"flank",
"flank"
],
[
"urge",
"urge"
],
[
"motion",
"motion"
],
[
"haste",
"haste"
],
[
"gig",
"gig"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To prod (especially a horse) on the side or flank, with the intent to urge motion or haste, to gig."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1601–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Twelfe Night, or What You Will”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv], line 4:",
"text": "My desire / (More sharp than filed steel) did spur me forth...",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1940 May, “Overseas Railways: Acceleration Proceeds in U.S.A.”, in Railway Magazine, page 298:",
"text": "But the latest Santa Fe development, while not spurring the Rock Island to any further acceleration, has drawn fire from a totally unexpected quarter.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014 November 17, Roger Cohen, “The horror! The horror! The trauma of ISIS [print version: International New York Times, 18 November 2014, p. 9]”, in The New York Times:",
"text": "What is unbearable, in fact, is the feeling, 13 years after 9/11, that America has been chasing its tail; that, in some whack-a-mole horror show, the quashing of a jihadi enclave here only spurs the sprouting of another there; that the ideology of Al Qaeda is still reverberating through a blocked Arab world whose Sunni-Shia balance (insofar as that went) was upended by the American invasion of Iraq.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To urge or encourage to action, or to a more vigorous pursuit of an object"
],
"links": [
[
"encourage",
"encourage"
],
[
"vigorous",
"vigorous"
],
[
"pursuit",
"pursuit"
],
[
"object",
"object"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To urge or encourage to action, or to a more vigorous pursuit of an object"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "incite"
},
{
"word": "stimulate"
},
{
"word": "instigate"
},
{
"word": "impel"
},
{
"word": "drive"
},
{
"word": "incite"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to spur boots",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To put spurs on."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To put spurs on."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To press forward; to travel in great haste."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To press forward; to travel in great haste."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2021 June 16, Andrew Mourant, “Plans for new test centre remain on track: Testing for rolling stock and infrastructure”, in RAIL, number 933, page 42:",
"text": "It spurs off the Robin Hood line, providing ten miles of single-line test track with a three-mile double section, capable of testing up to 75mph.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To form a spur (senses 17-18 of the noun)"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/spɜː/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/spɝ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-spur.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/En-us-spur.ogg/En-us-spur.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/En-us-spur.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prišporvam",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "пришпорвам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "esperonar"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mǎ",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "策(馬"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mǎ",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "马)前進"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiánjìn",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "前进"
},
{
"alt": "cè (mǎ) qiánjìn",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mǎ",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "策(马)前进"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to prod",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pobídnout"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to prod",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pobídnout ostruhami"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "sproni"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "kannustaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "éperonner"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "esporear"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "die Sporen geben"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "dirbén",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "דִּרְבֵּן"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "megsarkantyúz"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "memacu"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "pungolare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "spronare"
},
{
"alt": "つく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tsuku",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "突く"
},
{
"alt": "はくしゃをかける",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hakusha o kakeru",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "拍車をかける"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "calcarō"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "kipa"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "sporen"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "mahmuzlamak",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "مهموزلمق"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "üzengilemek",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "اوزنگیلمك"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "esporar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prišpórivatʹ",
"sense": "to prod",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пришпо́ривать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prišpóritʹ",
"sense": "to prod",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "пришпо́рить"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "espolear"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "espolonear"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "acicatear"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "sporra"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to prod",
"word": "mahmuzlamak"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "esperonar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "biāncè",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "鞭策"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "激勵"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīlì",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "激励"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cìjī",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "刺激"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gǔwǔ",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "鼓舞"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "促進"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cùjìn",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "促进"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mǒushì",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "刺激(某事)發生"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fāshēng",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "发生"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "帶動"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dàidòng",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "带动"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pobídnout"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pobízet"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pohánět"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "popohnat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "přimět"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "aansporen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "aanmoedigen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "bewegen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "kannustaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "yllyttää"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "stimuler"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "esporear"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "aguillar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "estimular"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "aguilloar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "anspornen"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "dirbén",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "דִּרְבֵּן"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "sarkall"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "stimolare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "incoraggiare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "instigare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "incitare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "spronare"
},
{
"alt": "こうどうさせる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōdō saseru",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "行動させる"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bakchareul gahada",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "박차를 가하다"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "incitō"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "sporen"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "dürtmek",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "دورتمك"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "körüklemek",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "كوروكلمك"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "instigar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "provocar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "estimular"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "îndemna"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podgonjátʹ",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "подгоня́ть"
},
{
"alt": "к чему́-либо",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pobuždátʹ",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "побужда́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "espolear"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "incentivar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "estimular"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "incitar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "motivar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "animar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "sporra"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "wārw-"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to urge or encourage to action",
"word": "sbarduno"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to put spurs on",
"word": "varustaa kannuksilla"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to put spurs on",
"word": "mit Sporen versehen"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to put spurs on",
"word": "montare gli speroni"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to put spurs on",
"word": "don on spores"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to put spurs on",
"word": "sporen"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to put spurs on",
"word": "poner espuelas (las)"
}
],
"word": "spur"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"en:Footwear",
"en:Fungi",
"en:Plant anatomy",
"en:Roads",
"en:Terns",
"en:True sparrows",
"en:Walls and fences"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "See sparrow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spurs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spur (plural spurs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A tern."
],
"links": [
[
"tern",
"tern"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/spɜː/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/spɝ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-spur.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/En-us-spur.ogg/En-us-spur.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/En-us-spur.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)"
}
],
"word": "spur"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"en:Footwear",
"en:Fungi",
"en:Plant anatomy",
"en:Roads",
"en:Terns",
"en:True sparrows",
"en:Walls and fences"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Short for spurious.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spurs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spur (plural spurs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Electronics"
],
"glosses": [
"A spurious tone, one that interferes with a signal in a circuit and is often masked underneath that signal."
],
"links": [
[
"electronics",
"electronics"
],
[
"spurious",
"spurious"
],
[
"tone",
"tone"
],
[
"interfere",
"interfere"
],
[
"signal",
"signal"
],
[
"circuit",
"circuit"
],
[
"mask",
"mask"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(electronics) A spurious tone, one that interferes with a signal in a circuit and is often masked underneath that signal."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"electrical-engineering",
"electricity",
"electromagnetism",
"electronics",
"energy",
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/spɜː/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/spɝ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-spur.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/En-us-spur.ogg/En-us-spur.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/En-us-spur.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)"
}
],
"word": "spur"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"en:Footwear",
"en:Fungi",
"en:Plant anatomy",
"en:Roads",
"en:Terns",
"en:True sparrows",
"en:Walls and fences"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"forms": [
{
"form": "spurs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spur (plural spurs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The track of an animal, such as an otter; a spoor."
],
"links": [
[
"track",
"track"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"otter",
"otter"
],
[
"spoor",
"spoor"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/spɜː/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/spɝ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-spur.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/En-us-spur.ogg/En-us-spur.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/En-us-spur.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "track of an animal",
"word": "jälki"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "track of an animal",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "jäljet"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "track of an animal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rastro"
}
],
"word": "spur"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"en:Footwear",
"en:Fungi",
"en:Plant anatomy",
"en:Roads",
"en:Terns",
"en:True sparrows",
"en:Walls and fences"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"forms": [
{
"form": "spurs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spurring",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "spurred",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "spurred",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spur (third-person singular simple present spurs, present participle spurring, simple past and past participle spurred)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "speer"
}
],
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1590 (date written), [John Lyly], Mother Bombie. […], 2nd edition, London: […] Thomas Creede, for Cuthbert Burby, published 1598, →OCLC, Act IV, scene ii:",
"text": "I haue yonder vncouered a faire girle, Ile be ſo bolde as ſpur her, vvhat might a bodie call her name?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1625, John Fletcher, Philip Massinger, “The Elder Brother. A Comedy.”, in Fifty Comedies and Tragedies. […], [part 1], London: […] J[ohn] Macock [and H. Hills], for John Martyn, Henry Herringman, and Richard Marriot, published 1679, →OCLC, Act IV, scene iv, page 119, column 1:",
"text": "Are you come, old Maſter? Very good, your Horſe is well ſet up; but ere you part, I'll ride you, and ſpur your Reverend Juſticeſhip ſuch a queſtion, as I ſhall make the ſides of your Reputation bleed, truly I will. Now muſt I play at Bo-peep.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1638, Thomas Heywood, \"The Rape of Lucrece. A true Roman Tragedy\", in The Dramatic Works of Thomas Heywood, Vol. V, John Pearson, 1874, pages 230 & 231.\nClo[wne]. Fie upon't, never was poore Pompey ſo overlabour'd as I have beene, I thinke I have ſpurd my horſe ſuch a queſtion, that he is ſcarce able to wig or wag his tayle for an anſwere, but my Lady bad me ſpare for no horſe fleſh, and I thinke I have made him runne his race.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"text": "The Pall Mall Magazine, Vol. 33, 1904, page 435.\nThey hadde spurred questions all the morning, his Majestie being so grossly overtaken with two whole nights' feasting, (which meant a surfeit of sausage laid upon a stomach not over strong), that between sick and sullen he bore a dull edge to the business.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of speer."
],
"links": [
[
"speer",
"speer#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, dialectal) Alternative form of speer."
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/spɜː/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/spɝ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-spur.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/En-us-spur.ogg/En-us-spur.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/En-us-spur.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)"
}
],
"word": "spur"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "spur",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "spore"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of spore"
],
"links": [
[
"spore",
"spore#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "spur"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "spurs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "spurs",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "spur (plural spurs)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spur (plural spurs)",
"name": "sco-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"sparrow"
],
"links": [
[
"sparrow",
"sparrow"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sparra"
},
{
"word": "spug"
},
{
"word": "spuggie"
},
{
"word": "speug"
}
],
"word": "spur"
}
Download raw JSONL data for spur meaning in All languages combined (61.2kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": cè vs. mǎ",
"path": [
"spur"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "spur",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "translations/611",
"msg": "suspicious translation with '／': {'lang': 'Chinese Mandarin', 'code': 'zh', 'sense': 'to prod', 'roman': 'mǎ', 'word': '策(馬／马)前進'}",
"path": [
"spur"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "spur",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": qiánjìn vs. cè",
"path": [
"spur"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "spur",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": cè vs. mǎ",
"path": [
"spur"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "spur",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": cìjī vs. mǒushì",
"path": [
"spur"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "spur",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.