See 困難 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "róngyì",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “difficult”",
"word": "容易"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "困难",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 35 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Beginning Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You have all chosen a difficult path.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "Nǐmen xuǎnzé le yī tiáo kùnnan zhī lù.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "你們選擇了一條困難之路。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You have all chosen a difficult path.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "Nǐmen xuǎnzé le yī tiáo kùnnan zhī lù.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "你们选择了一条困难之路。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hard; difficult; challenging"
],
"id": "en-困難-zh-adj-6K~A6Mv~",
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"challenging",
"challenging"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "26 35 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Beginning Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "disadvantaged children",
"roman": "kùnnan értóng",
"text": "困難兒童／困难儿童"
}
],
"glosses": [
"poor; impoverished; disadvantaged"
],
"id": "en-困難-zh-adj-xu~DFCyp",
"links": [
[
"poor",
"poor"
],
[
"impoverished",
"impoverished"
],
[
"disadvantaged",
"disadvantaged"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣˋ ˙ㄋㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣˋ ㄋㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan³ naan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "kun³ lan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-nàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khùn-lân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kung³ lang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kung³ nang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻun⁴-nan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwùn-nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuenn.nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "куньнань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kunʹnanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻun⁴-nan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwùn-nán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuennnan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan nàahn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan³ naan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "kuen³ nan⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn³³ naːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "kun³ lan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹³⁻²¹ lan¹/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-nàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "kun^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "nanˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "kun⁴ nan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁵⁵ nan¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khùn-lân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "quonlaan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun¹¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁴¹ lan²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khùng lâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khùng nâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ laŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ naŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "khwonH nan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn³³ naːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹³⁻²¹ lan¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁵⁵ nan¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun¹¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁴¹ lan²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ laŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ naŋ⁵⁵/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "bùróngyì",
"word": "不容易"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qín",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "勤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yínán",
"word": "疑難"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yínán",
"word": "疑难"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liángkǔ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "良苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiānjù",
"word": "艱巨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiānjù",
"word": "艰巨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiānkǔ",
"word": "艱苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiānkǔ",
"word": "艰苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiānxīn",
"word": "艱辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiānxīn",
"word": "艰辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiānnán",
"word": "艱難"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiānnán",
"word": "艰难"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kǔnàn",
"word": "苦難"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kǔnàn",
"word": "苦难"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xīnláo",
"word": "辛勞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xīnláo",
"word": "辛劳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xīnkǔ",
"word": "辛苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "難"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "难"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "難"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "艱難"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Beijing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Taiwan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Singapore"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Jinan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Xi'an"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Chengdu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Wuhan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Guilin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Yangzhou"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Hefei"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Guangzhou"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "惡 †"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Hong Kong"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Shiqi",
"hard"
],
"word": "Zhongshan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Taishan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Yangjiang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Guangfu",
"hard"
],
"word": "Singapore"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Nanchang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Meixian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "N. Sixian",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Miaoli"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "Neipu; S. Sixian",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Pingtung"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Zhudong",
"hard"
],
"word": "Hsinchu County"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Dabu",
"Dongshi",
"hard"
],
"word": "Taichung"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Qionglin",
"Raoping",
"hard"
],
"word": "Hsinchu County"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Lunbei",
"Zhao'an",
"hard"
],
"word": "Yunlin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Taiyuan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Jian'ou"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Fuzhou"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Xiamen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "惡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "艱苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "歹 †"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Quanzhou"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Jinjiang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Zhangzhou"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Zhao'an"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "䆀 †"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Dongshan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Taipei"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "Sanxia",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "New Taipei"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Kaohsiung"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Yilan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Lukang",
"hard"
],
"word": "Changhua"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Taichung"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Tainan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Hsinchu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Kinmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "Magong",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Penghu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"hard"
],
"word": "Penang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"hard"
],
"word": "Singapore"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"hard"
],
"word": "Manila"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Chaozhou"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Shantou"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "Chenghai",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Shantou"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Jieyang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Haifeng"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Teochew",
"hard"
],
"word": "Singapore"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Wenchang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Haikou"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hainanese",
"hard"
],
"word": "Singapore"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Suzhou"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Wenzhou"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Changsha"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Shuangfeng"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "only used with a verbal complement",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "†"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "厄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kùnfá",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "困乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kùnjiǒng",
"word": "困窘"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kùnqióng",
"word": "困窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kùnqióng",
"word": "困穷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kùnkǔ",
"word": "困苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kùndùn",
"word": "困頓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kùndùn",
"word": "困顿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "宋凶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散凶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngkǔ",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dànbó",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "淡薄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngpín",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清貧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngpín",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清贫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "㾪赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "磽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "硗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "䆀康"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kòngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "空乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "窄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiǒngcù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "窘促"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiǒngkùn",
"word": "窘困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiǒngpò",
"word": "窘迫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióng",
"word": "窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióng",
"word": "穷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "窮乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "穷乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióngkùn",
"word": "窮困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióngkùn",
"word": "穷困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "窮㾪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "穷㾪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióngkǔ",
"word": "窮苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qióngkǔ",
"word": "穷苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "窮赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "穷赤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "艱苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "艰苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kǔhán",
"word": "苦寒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínfá",
"word": "貧乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínfá",
"word": "贫乏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínkùn",
"word": "貧困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínkùn",
"word": "贫困"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínhán",
"word": "貧寒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínhán",
"word": "贫寒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínjí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "貧瘠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínjí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "贫瘠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínqióng",
"word": "貧窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínqióng",
"word": "贫穷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínkǔ",
"word": "貧苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínkǔ",
"word": "贫苦"
}
],
"word": "困難"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "困難"
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "困難",
"2": "こんなん",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "困難(こんなん) (konnan)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "곤란(困難)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 곤란(困難) (gollan)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "khốn nạn",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "困難"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: khốn nạn (困難)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "困難",
"2": "こんなん",
"3": "곤란",
"4": "khốn nạn",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "困難",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "困難",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "困難",
"v": "困難",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (困難):\n* → Japanese: 困難(こんなん) (konnan)\n* → Korean: 곤란(困難) (gollan)\n* → Vietnamese: khốn nạn (困難)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "こんなん",
"3": "곤란",
"4": "khốn nạn"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (困難):\n* → Japanese: 困難(こんなん) (konnan)\n* → Korean: 곤란(困難) (gollan)\n* → Vietnamese: khốn nạn (困難)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (困難):\n* → Japanese: 困難(こんなん) (konnan)\n* → Korean: 곤란(困難) (gollan)\n* → Vietnamese: khốn nạn (困難)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "困难",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "26 35 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Beginning Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 33 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "tūnyàn kùnnan",
"word": "吞嚥困難"
},
{
"roman": "tūnyàn kùnnan",
"word": "吞咽困难"
},
{
"roman": "hūxī kùnnan",
"word": "呼吸困難"
},
{
"roman": "hūxī kùnnan",
"word": "呼吸困难"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be afraid of difficulties",
"roman": "hàipà kùnnan",
"text": "害怕困難／害怕困难"
},
{
"english": "to overcome difficulties",
"roman": "kèfú kùnnan",
"text": "克服困難／克服困难"
},
{
"english": "(to have) breathing difficulty",
"roman": "hūxī kùnnan",
"text": "呼吸困難／呼吸困难"
},
{
"english": "to have many difficulties",
"roman": "kùnnan chóngchóng",
"text": "困難重重／困难重重"
},
{
"english": "difficulties finding a job",
"roman": "jiùyè kùnnan",
"text": "就業困難／就业困难"
},
{
"english": "You can come find me if you have any difficulties.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "Yǒu shénme kùnnan kěyǐ lái zhǎo wǒ.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "有什麼困難可以來找我。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You can come find me if you have any difficulties.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "Yǒu shénme kùnnan kěyǐ lái zhǎo wǒ.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "有什么困难可以来找我。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Difficulties can be overcome so long as you have confidence.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "Zhǐyào yǒu xìnxīn, kùnnan bì zhànshèng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "只要有信心，困難必戰勝。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Difficulties can be overcome so long as you have confidence.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "Zhǐyào yǒu xìnxīn, kùnnan bì zhànshèng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "只要有信心，困难必战胜。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Although my reading skills are very good, I have some difficulty conversing with Chinese people.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "Suīrán wǒ de yuèdú shuǐpíng hěn hǎo, dànshì gēn zhōngguórén jiǎnghuà yǒudiǎn kùnnan.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "雖然我的閱讀水平很好，但是跟中國人講話有點困難。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Although my reading skills are very good, I have some difficulty conversing with Chinese people.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "Suīrán wǒ de yuèdú shuǐpíng hěn hǎo, dànshì gēn zhōngguórén jiǎnghuà yǒudiǎn kùnnan.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "虽然我的阅读水平很好，但是跟中国人讲话有点困难。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"difficulty; challenge; dire straits; hardships"
],
"id": "en-困難-zh-noun-yPcU2upT",
"links": [
[
"difficulty",
"difficulty"
],
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
],
[
"dire straits",
"dire straits"
],
[
"hardships",
"hardships"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "kùnjí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "困急"
},
{
"roman": "kùnnan de shìqing",
"word": "困難的事情"
},
{
"roman": "kùnnan de shìqing",
"word": "困难的事情"
},
{
"roman": "tiǎozhàn",
"word": "挑戰"
},
{
"roman": "tiǎozhàn",
"word": "挑战"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣˋ ˙ㄋㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣˋ ㄋㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan³ naan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "kun³ lan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-nàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khùn-lân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kung³ lang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kung³ nang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻun⁴-nan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwùn-nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuenn.nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "куньнань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kunʹnanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻun⁴-nan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwùn-nán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuennnan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan nàahn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan³ naan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "kuen³ nan⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn³³ naːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "kun³ lan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹³⁻²¹ lan¹/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-nàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "kun^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "nanˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "kun⁴ nan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁵⁵ nan¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khùn-lân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "quonlaan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun¹¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁴¹ lan²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khùng lâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khùng nâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ laŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ naŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "khwonH nan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn³³ naːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹³⁻²¹ lan¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁵⁵ nan¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun¹¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁴¹ lan²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ laŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ naŋ⁵⁵/"
}
],
"word": "困難"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "róngyì",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “difficult”",
"word": "容易"
}
],
"categories": [
"Beginning Mandarin",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 困",
"Chinese terms spelled with 難",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Chinese adjectives",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "困难",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You have all chosen a difficult path.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "Nǐmen xuǎnzé le yī tiáo kùnnan zhī lù.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "你們選擇了一條困難之路。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You have all chosen a difficult path.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "Nǐmen xuǎnzé le yī tiáo kùnnan zhī lù.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "你们选择了一条困难之路。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hard; difficult; challenging"
],
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"challenging",
"challenging"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "disadvantaged children",
"roman": "kùnnan értóng",
"text": "困難兒童／困难儿童"
}
],
"glosses": [
"poor; impoverished; disadvantaged"
],
"links": [
[
"poor",
"poor"
],
[
"impoverished",
"impoverished"
],
[
"disadvantaged",
"disadvantaged"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣˋ ˙ㄋㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣˋ ㄋㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan³ naan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "kun³ lan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-nàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khùn-lân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kung³ lang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kung³ nang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻun⁴-nan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwùn-nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuenn.nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "куньнань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kunʹnanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻun⁴-nan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwùn-nán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuennnan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan nàahn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan³ naan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "kuen³ nan⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn³³ naːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "kun³ lan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹³⁻²¹ lan¹/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-nàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "kun^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "nanˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "kun⁴ nan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁵⁵ nan¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khùn-lân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "quonlaan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun¹¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁴¹ lan²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khùng lâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khùng nâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ laŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ naŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "khwonH nan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn³³ naːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹³⁻²¹ lan¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁵⁵ nan¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun¹¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁴¹ lan²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ laŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ naŋ⁵⁵/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "bùróngyì",
"word": "不容易"
},
{
"roman": "qín",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "勤"
},
{
"roman": "yínán",
"word": "疑難"
},
{
"roman": "yínán",
"word": "疑难"
},
{
"roman": "liángkǔ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "良苦"
},
{
"roman": "jiānjù",
"word": "艱巨"
},
{
"roman": "jiānjù",
"word": "艰巨"
},
{
"roman": "jiānkǔ",
"word": "艱苦"
},
{
"roman": "jiānkǔ",
"word": "艰苦"
},
{
"roman": "jiānxīn",
"word": "艱辛"
},
{
"roman": "jiānxīn",
"word": "艰辛"
},
{
"roman": "jiānnán",
"word": "艱難"
},
{
"roman": "jiānnán",
"word": "艰难"
},
{
"roman": "kǔnàn",
"word": "苦難"
},
{
"roman": "kǔnàn",
"word": "苦难"
},
{
"roman": "xīnláo",
"word": "辛勞"
},
{
"roman": "xīnláo",
"word": "辛劳"
},
{
"roman": "xīnkǔ",
"word": "辛苦"
},
{
"word": "難"
},
{
"word": "难"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "難"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "艱難"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Beijing"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Taiwan"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Singapore"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Jinan"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Xi'an"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Chengdu"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Wuhan"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Guilin"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Yangzhou"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Hefei"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Guangzhou"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "惡 †"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Hong Kong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Shiqi",
"hard"
],
"word": "Zhongshan"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Taishan"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Yangjiang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangfu",
"hard"
],
"word": "Singapore"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Nanchang"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Meixian"
},
{
"alt": "N. Sixian",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Miaoli"
},
{
"alt": "Neipu; S. Sixian",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Pingtung"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Zhudong",
"hard"
],
"word": "Hsinchu County"
},
{
"tags": [
"Dabu",
"Dongshi",
"hard"
],
"word": "Taichung"
},
{
"tags": [
"Qionglin",
"Raoping",
"hard"
],
"word": "Hsinchu County"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lunbei",
"Zhao'an",
"hard"
],
"word": "Yunlin"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Taiyuan"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Jian'ou"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Fuzhou"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Xiamen"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "惡"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "艱苦"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "歹 †"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Quanzhou"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Jinjiang"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Zhangzhou"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Zhao'an"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "䆀 †"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Dongshan"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Taipei"
},
{
"alt": "Sanxia",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "New Taipei"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Kaohsiung"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Yilan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lukang",
"hard"
],
"word": "Changhua"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Taichung"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Tainan"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Hsinchu"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Kinmen"
},
{
"alt": "Magong",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Penghu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"hard"
],
"word": "Penang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"hard"
],
"word": "Singapore"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"hard"
],
"word": "Manila"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Chaozhou"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Shantou"
},
{
"alt": "Chenghai",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Shantou"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Jieyang"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Haifeng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew",
"hard"
],
"word": "Singapore"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Wenchang"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Haikou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hainanese",
"hard"
],
"word": "Singapore"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Suzhou"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Wenzhou"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Changsha"
},
{
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "Shuangfeng"
},
{
"english": "only used with a verbal complement",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "†"
},
{
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "厄"
},
{
"roman": "kùnfá",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "困乏"
},
{
"roman": "kùnjiǒng",
"word": "困窘"
},
{
"roman": "kùnqióng",
"word": "困窮"
},
{
"roman": "kùnqióng",
"word": "困穷"
},
{
"roman": "kùnkǔ",
"word": "困苦"
},
{
"roman": "kùndùn",
"word": "困頓"
},
{
"roman": "kùndùn",
"word": "困顿"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "宋凶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散凶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "散赤"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngkǔ",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清苦"
},
{
"roman": "dànbó",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "淡薄"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngpín",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清貧"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"of scholars and intellectuals"
],
"roman": "qīngpín",
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"word": "清贫"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "㾪赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "磽"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "硗"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "䆀康"
},
{
"roman": "kòngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "空乏"
},
{
"word": "窄"
},
{
"roman": "jiǒngcù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "窘促"
},
{
"roman": "jiǒngkùn",
"word": "窘困"
},
{
"roman": "jiǒngpò",
"word": "窘迫"
},
{
"roman": "qióng",
"word": "窮"
},
{
"roman": "qióng",
"word": "穷"
},
{
"roman": "qióngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "窮乏"
},
{
"roman": "qióngfá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "穷乏"
},
{
"roman": "qióngkùn",
"word": "窮困"
},
{
"roman": "qióngkùn",
"word": "穷困"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "窮㾪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "穷㾪"
},
{
"roman": "qióngkǔ",
"word": "窮苦"
},
{
"roman": "qióngkǔ",
"word": "穷苦"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "窮赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "穷赤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "艱苦"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "艰苦"
},
{
"roman": "kǔhán",
"word": "苦寒"
},
{
"roman": "pínfá",
"word": "貧乏"
},
{
"roman": "pínfá",
"word": "贫乏"
},
{
"roman": "pínkùn",
"word": "貧困"
},
{
"roman": "pínkùn",
"word": "贫困"
},
{
"roman": "pínhán",
"word": "貧寒"
},
{
"roman": "pínhán",
"word": "贫寒"
},
{
"roman": "pínjí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "貧瘠"
},
{
"roman": "pínjí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "贫瘠"
},
{
"roman": "pínqióng",
"word": "貧窮"
},
{
"roman": "pínqióng",
"word": "贫穷"
},
{
"roman": "pínkǔ",
"word": "貧苦"
},
{
"roman": "pínkǔ",
"word": "贫苦"
}
],
"word": "困難"
}
{
"categories": [
"Beginning Mandarin",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 困",
"Chinese terms spelled with 難",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Chinese adjectives",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "tūnyàn kùnnan",
"word": "吞嚥困難"
},
{
"roman": "tūnyàn kùnnan",
"word": "吞咽困难"
},
{
"roman": "hūxī kùnnan",
"word": "呼吸困難"
},
{
"roman": "hūxī kùnnan",
"word": "呼吸困难"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "困難"
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "困難",
"2": "こんなん",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "困難(こんなん) (konnan)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "곤란(困難)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 곤란(困難) (gollan)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "khốn nạn",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "困難"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: khốn nạn (困難)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "困難",
"2": "こんなん",
"3": "곤란",
"4": "khốn nạn",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "困難",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "困難",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "困難",
"v": "困難",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (困難):\n* → Japanese: 困難(こんなん) (konnan)\n* → Korean: 곤란(困難) (gollan)\n* → Vietnamese: khốn nạn (困難)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "こんなん",
"3": "곤란",
"4": "khốn nạn"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (困難):\n* → Japanese: 困難(こんなん) (konnan)\n* → Korean: 곤란(困難) (gollan)\n* → Vietnamese: khốn nạn (困難)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (困難):\n* → Japanese: 困難(こんなん) (konnan)\n* → Korean: 곤란(困難) (gollan)\n* → Vietnamese: khốn nạn (困難)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "困难",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "困難",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with collocations",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be afraid of difficulties",
"roman": "hàipà kùnnan",
"text": "害怕困難／害怕困难"
},
{
"english": "to overcome difficulties",
"roman": "kèfú kùnnan",
"text": "克服困難／克服困难"
},
{
"english": "(to have) breathing difficulty",
"roman": "hūxī kùnnan",
"text": "呼吸困難／呼吸困难"
},
{
"english": "to have many difficulties",
"roman": "kùnnan chóngchóng",
"text": "困難重重／困难重重"
},
{
"english": "difficulties finding a job",
"roman": "jiùyè kùnnan",
"text": "就業困難／就业困难"
},
{
"english": "You can come find me if you have any difficulties.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "Yǒu shénme kùnnan kěyǐ lái zhǎo wǒ.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "有什麼困難可以來找我。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You can come find me if you have any difficulties.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "Yǒu shénme kùnnan kěyǐ lái zhǎo wǒ.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "有什么困难可以来找我。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Difficulties can be overcome so long as you have confidence.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "Zhǐyào yǒu xìnxīn, kùnnan bì zhànshèng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "只要有信心，困難必戰勝。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Difficulties can be overcome so long as you have confidence.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "Zhǐyào yǒu xìnxīn, kùnnan bì zhànshèng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "只要有信心，困难必战胜。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Although my reading skills are very good, I have some difficulty conversing with Chinese people.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "Suīrán wǒ de yuèdú shuǐpíng hěn hǎo, dànshì gēn zhōngguórén jiǎnghuà yǒudiǎn kùnnan.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "雖然我的閱讀水平很好，但是跟中國人講話有點困難。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Although my reading skills are very good, I have some difficulty conversing with Chinese people.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "Suīrán wǒ de yuèdú shuǐpíng hěn hǎo, dànshì gēn zhōngguórén jiǎnghuà yǒudiǎn kùnnan.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "虽然我的阅读水平很好，但是跟中国人讲话有点困难。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"difficulty; challenge; dire straits; hardships"
],
"links": [
[
"difficulty",
"difficulty"
],
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
],
[
"dire straits",
"dire straits"
],
[
"hardships",
"hardships"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣˋ ˙ㄋㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣˋ ㄋㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan³ naan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "kun³ lan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-nàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khùn-lân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kung³ lang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kung³ nang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻun⁴-nan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwùn-nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuenn.nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "куньнань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kunʹnanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kùnnán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻun⁴-nan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwùn-nán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuennnan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan nàahn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan³ naan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "kuen³ nan⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn³³ naːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "kun³ lan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹³⁻²¹ lan¹/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-nàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "kun^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "nanˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "kun⁴ nan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁵⁵ nan¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khùn-lân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "quonlaan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun¹¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁴¹ lan²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khùng lâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khùng nâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ laŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ naŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "khwonH nan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵¹ nän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn³³ naːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹³⁻²¹ lan¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁵⁵ nan¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ lan¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun¹¹⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun²¹⁻⁴¹ lan²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ laŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰuŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ naŋ⁵⁵/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "kùnjí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "困急"
},
{
"roman": "kùnnan de shìqing",
"word": "困難的事情"
},
{
"roman": "kùnnan de shìqing",
"word": "困难的事情"
},
{
"roman": "tiǎozhàn",
"word": "挑戰"
},
{
"roman": "tiǎozhàn",
"word": "挑战"
}
],
"word": "困難"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 困難 meaning in Chinese (20.6kB)
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.