See -ness on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -ness meaning in All languages combined (31.3kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-nes"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -nes",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-nesse"
},
"expansion": "-nesse",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-nis"
},
"expansion": "Old English -nis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-nes"
},
"expansion": "-nes",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-nassī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-nassī",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-inassuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-inassuz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-n-"
},
"expansion": "*-n-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-assuz"
},
"expansion": "*-assuz",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-at(s)-tuz"
},
"expansion": "*-at(s)-tuz",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-atjaną",
"3": "*-at-janą"
},
"expansion": "*-at-janą",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-þuz"
},
"expansion": "*-þuz",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -nes, -nesse, from Old English -nis, -nes, from Proto-West Germanic *-nassī, from Proto-Germanic *-inassuz.\nThis suffix was formed already in Proto-Germanic by false division of the final consonant *-n- of the preceding stem + the actual suffix *-assuz. The latter was in turn derived from an earlier *-at(s)-tuz, from the verbal suffix *-at-janą + the noun suffix *-þuz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-ness",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-ness",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "calm + -ness → calmness",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "dark + -ness → darkness",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "kind + -ness → kindness",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "one + -ness → oneness",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being (the adjective)\", \"the quality of being (the adjective)\", or \"the measure of being (the adjective)\"."
],
"id": "en--ness-en-suffix-W5X4Ke1t",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "-iyya",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "ـِيَّة"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "-utʻyun",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-lik"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"note": "used most frequently in loanwords, as many adjectives may be used as nouns in Chinese",
"roman": "xìng",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-性"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ost"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-hed"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-skab"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-heid"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-schap"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-nis"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-eco"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "-semi"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-heit"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-uus"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-yys"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-us"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ys"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ité"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esse"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-idade"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "si- -e",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "სი- -ე"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "-oba",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ობა"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "-eba",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ება"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-nis"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-heit"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-keit"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "-ótita",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ότητα"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ssuseq"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ות"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "-ī",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ई"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ság"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ség"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-eso"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "ke- -an"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-itate"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-tate"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ia"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-essa"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-itude"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ismo"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-acht"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ità"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ezza"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "-sa",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-さ"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "-sei",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-性"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "phiəp",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "ភាព"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "sackdəy",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "សេចក្តី"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ㅁ"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "-nost",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ност"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "-ost",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ост"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "-stvo",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "-ство"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "ke- -an"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-aght"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "-paṇā",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-पणा"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-het"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-skap"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-nes"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "non",
"lang": "Old Norse",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-naðr"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "non",
"lang": "Old Norse",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-skapr"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "osx",
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-nessi"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "-lık",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "ـلق"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "-lik",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "ـلك"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ość"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-stwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-idade"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-eza"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ez"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-idão"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "rom",
"lang": "Romani",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ipen"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-itate"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-tate"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ătate"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-nostʹ",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ность"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ostʹ",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ость"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-stvo",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ство"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ščína",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-щи́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "-īya",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ईय"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-osť"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-idad"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "u-"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-het"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-skap"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "-tanamu",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-తనము"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kwaam",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "ความ"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-lık"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-lik"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-luk"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-lük"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "-istʹ",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ість"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "-stvo",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ство"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "sự"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "nỗi"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "niềm"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-rwydd"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ens"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-heid"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-skip"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "-nish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "־ניש"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "-keyt",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "־קייט"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "-heyt",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "־הייט"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ey"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-iye"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-in"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "that + -ness → thatness",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "tree + -ness → treeness",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "thug + -ness → thugness",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Appended to words of other parts of speech to form nouns (often nonce words or terms in philosophy) meaning the state/quality/measure of the idea represented by these words."
],
"id": "en--ness-en-suffix-YjyTE~Go",
"links": [
[
"nonce word",
"nonce word"
],
[
"philosophy",
"philosophy"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nəs/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/nɪs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation",
"dated"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/nɛs/",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/nəs/",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[nɘs]",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/nəs/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/nɪs/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/nɛs/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl--ness.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--ness.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--ness.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--ness.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--ness.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"word": "-ability"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"word": "-dom"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"word": "-hood"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"word": "-ia"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"word": "-ibility"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"word": "-icity"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"word": "-ism"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"word": "-itas"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"word": "-itia"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"word": "-itude"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"word": "-ity"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"word": "-osity"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"word": "-ship"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"word": "-th"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "-nesse"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"english": "Braille",
"word": "⠰⠎"
}
],
"word": "-ness"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ness",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-nesse"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -nesse"
],
"id": "en--ness-enm-suffix-paGKXdPJ",
"links": [
[
"-nesse",
"-nesse#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ness"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-o-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ness",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nessa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nessa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nessa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nessum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-ness",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-ness",
"name": "ang-suffix"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ness"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-o-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ness",
"2": "-nessa,-nesse",
"3": "-nesse",
"4": "-nessa,-nesse",
"5": "-nesse",
"6": "-nessa",
"7": "-nesse",
"8": "-nessum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong ō-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-nes"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -nes"
],
"id": "en--ness-ang-suffix-ifs757pq",
"links": [
[
"-nes",
"-nes#Old English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ness/"
},
{
"ipa": "[nes]"
}
],
"word": "-ness"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-nes"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -nes",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-nesse"
},
"expansion": "-nesse",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-nis"
},
"expansion": "Old English -nis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-nes"
},
"expansion": "-nes",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-nassī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-nassī",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -nes, -nesse, from Old English -nis, -nes, from Proto-West Germanic *-nassī.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ness",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Affixed to adjectives to form abstract nouns which denote a quality, state or condition."
],
"id": "en--ness-sco-suffix-yj2bd6Wq",
"links": [
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"quality",
"quality#English"
],
[
"state",
"state#English"
],
[
"condition",
"condition#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-nes"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ness"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English noun-forming suffixes",
"English suffixes",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-nes"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -nes",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-nesse"
},
"expansion": "-nesse",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-nis"
},
"expansion": "Old English -nis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-nes"
},
"expansion": "-nes",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-nassī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-nassī",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-inassuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-inassuz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-n-"
},
"expansion": "*-n-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-assuz"
},
"expansion": "*-assuz",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-at(s)-tuz"
},
"expansion": "*-at(s)-tuz",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-atjaną",
"3": "*-at-janą"
},
"expansion": "*-at-janą",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-þuz"
},
"expansion": "*-þuz",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -nes, -nesse, from Old English -nis, -nes, from Proto-West Germanic *-nassī, from Proto-Germanic *-inassuz.\nThis suffix was formed already in Proto-Germanic by false division of the final consonant *-n- of the preceding stem + the actual suffix *-assuz. The latter was in turn derived from an earlier *-at(s)-tuz, from the verbal suffix *-at-janą + the noun suffix *-þuz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-ness",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-ness",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "calm + -ness → calmness",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "dark + -ness → darkness",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "kind + -ness → kindness",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "one + -ness → oneness",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being (the adjective)\", \"the quality of being (the adjective)\", or \"the measure of being (the adjective)\"."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "that + -ness → thatness",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "tree + -ness → treeness",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "thug + -ness → thugness",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Appended to words of other parts of speech to form nouns (often nonce words or terms in philosophy) meaning the state/quality/measure of the idea represented by these words."
],
"links": [
[
"nonce word",
"nonce word"
],
[
"philosophy",
"philosophy"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nəs/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/nɪs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation",
"dated"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/nɛs/",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/nəs/",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[nɘs]",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/nəs/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/nɪs/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/nɛs/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl--ness.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--ness.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--ness.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--ness.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--ness.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ability"
},
{
"word": "-dom"
},
{
"word": "-hood"
},
{
"word": "-ia"
},
{
"word": "-ibility"
},
{
"word": "-icity"
},
{
"word": "-ism"
},
{
"word": "-itas"
},
{
"word": "-itia"
},
{
"word": "-itude"
},
{
"word": "-ity"
},
{
"word": "-osity"
},
{
"word": "-ship"
},
{
"word": "-th"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "-nesse"
},
{
"english": "Braille",
"word": "⠰⠎"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "-iyya",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "ـِيَّة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "-utʻyun",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ություն"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-lik"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"note": "used most frequently in loanwords, as many adjectives may be used as nouns in Chinese",
"roman": "xìng",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-性"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ost"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-hed"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-skab"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-heid"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-schap"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-nis"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-eco"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "-semi"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-heit"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-uus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-yys"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-us"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ys"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ité"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esse"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-idade"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "si- -e",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "სი- -ე"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "-oba",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ობა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "-eba",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ება"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-nis"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-heit"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-keit"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "-ótita",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ότητα"
},
{
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ssuseq"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ות"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "-ī",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ई"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ság"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ség"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-eso"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "ke- -an"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-itate"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-tate"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ia"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-essa"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-itude"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ismo"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-acht"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ità"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ezza"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "-sa",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-さ"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "-sei",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-性"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "phiəp",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "ភាព"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "sackdəy",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "សេចក្តី"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ㅁ"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "-nost",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ност"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "-ost",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ост"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "-stvo",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "-ство"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "ke- -an"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-aght"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "-paṇā",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-पणा"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-het"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-skap"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-nes"
},
{
"code": "non",
"lang": "Old Norse",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-naðr"
},
{
"code": "non",
"lang": "Old Norse",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-skapr"
},
{
"code": "osx",
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-nessi"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "-lık",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "ـلق"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "-lik",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "ـلك"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ość"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-stwo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-idade"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-eza"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ez"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-idão"
},
{
"code": "rom",
"lang": "Romani",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ipen"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-itate"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-tate"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ătate"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-nostʹ",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ность"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ostʹ",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ость"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-stvo",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ство"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ščína",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-щи́на"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "-īya",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ईय"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-osť"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-idad"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "u-"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-het"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-skap"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "-tanamu",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-తనము"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kwaam",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "ความ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-lık"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-lik"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-luk"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-lük"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "-istʹ",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ість"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "-stvo",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ство"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "sự"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "nỗi"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "niềm"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-rwydd"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ens"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-heid"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-skip"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "-nish",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "־ניש"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "-keyt",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "־קייט"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "-heyt",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "־הייט"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-ey"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-iye"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning \"the state of being...\", \"the quality of being...\", or \"the measure of being...\"",
"word": "-in"
}
],
"word": "-ness"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ness",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-nesse"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English suffixes"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -nesse"
],
"links": [
[
"-nesse",
"-nesse#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ness"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-o-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ness",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nessa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nessa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nessa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nessum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-ness",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-ness",
"name": "ang-suffix"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ness"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-o-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ness",
"2": "-nessa,-nesse",
"3": "-nesse",
"4": "-nessa,-nesse",
"5": "-nesse",
"6": "-nessa",
"7": "-nesse",
"8": "-nessum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong ō-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-nes"
}
],
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English suffixes",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English ō-stem nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -nes"
],
"links": [
[
"-nes",
"-nes#Old English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ness/"
},
{
"ipa": "[nes]"
}
],
"word": "-ness"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-nes"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -nes",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-nesse"
},
"expansion": "-nesse",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-nis"
},
"expansion": "Old English -nis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-nes"
},
"expansion": "-nes",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-nassī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-nassī",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -nes, -nesse, from Old English -nis, -nes, from Proto-West Germanic *-nassī.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ness",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots suffixes",
"Scots terms derived from Middle English",
"Scots terms derived from Old English",
"Scots terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Scots terms inherited from Middle English",
"Scots terms inherited from Old English",
"Scots terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic"
],
"glosses": [
"Affixed to adjectives to form abstract nouns which denote a quality, state or condition."
],
"links": [
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"quality",
"quality#English"
],
[
"state",
"state#English"
],
[
"condition",
"condition#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-nes"
}
],
"word": "-ness"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.