See sluggish in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for sluggish meaning in English (19.2kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sluggishly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sluggishness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sluggish schizophrenia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unsluggish"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "slug",
"3": "ish"
},
"expansion": "slug + -ish",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "slug + -ish",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sluggisher",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more sluggish",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "sluggishest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most sluggish",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
"2": "more"
},
"expansion": "sluggish (comparative sluggisher or more sluggish, superlative sluggishest or most sluggish)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a sluggish man",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1724, Pharmacopolæ Justificati: Or, Apothecaries Vindicated from the Imputation of Ignorance. […], London: […] J. Roberts, […], →OCLC, page 6",
"text": "[I]f he leaves the School poſſeſs'd of a ſluggiſh indolent Diſpoſition, and of Learning rather forc'd upon him than choſen, it is probable he will forget what he brought thence; but if he be active, emulous and aſpiring, he will certainly find Time for Reading and Thinking; for tho' it be a homely, it is a true Saying, that where there is a Will, there is a Way.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1874, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Ovid in Exile",
"text": "And the sluggish land slumbers in utter neglect.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive"
],
"id": "en-sluggish-en-adj-4MW1C7jG",
"links": [
[
"idle",
"idle"
],
[
"lazy",
"lazy"
],
[
"slothful",
"slothful"
],
[
"dull",
"dull"
],
[
"inactive",
"inactive"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lazy"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "leniv",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "ленив"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mǎrzeliv",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "мързелив"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "ccc",
"lang": "Chamicuro",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "achwayi"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "懶惰"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǎnduò",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "懒惰"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "hidas"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "laiska"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "veltto"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "lerdo"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "náparo"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "harón"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "zamarrón"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "lerchán"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "faul"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "schwach"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "inaktiv"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "lustlos"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "schwerfällig"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "bräsig"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "nothrós",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "νωθρός"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "átonos",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "άτονος"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "nōthrós",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "νωθρός"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "nōkhelḗs",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "νωχελής"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "ceanntrom"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "languidus"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "ignavus"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "ukauka"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "takurutu"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "rozlazły"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "ślamazarny"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "vadio"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "vagabundo"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lenívyj",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "лени́вый"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "medlítelʹnyj",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "медли́тельный"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "mandara",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "मन्दर"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "len"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "perezoso"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "haragán"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "huevón"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "desganado"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "aburrido"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "inútil"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "uyuşuk"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 2 3 10 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "miskin"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "nimble"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1913, Paul Laurence Dunbar, At Sunset Time",
"text": "We float upon a sluggish stream,\nWe ride no rapids mad,\nWhile life is all a tempered dream\nAnd every joy half sad.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1970, Robert M. Solow, Growth Theory: An Exposition, Oxford University Press, page 3",
"text": "[T]he stock of capital is necessarily a sluggish time series, while output is capable of making wide swings in short intervals[.]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Slow; having little motion."
],
"id": "en-sluggish-en-adj-C8hcdnhd",
"links": [
[
"Slow",
"slow"
],
[
"motion",
"motion"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "slow"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "baven",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "бавен"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "muden",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "муден"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "緩慢"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huǎnmàn",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "缓慢"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "langzaam"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "hidas"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "hiljainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "heikko"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "poussif"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"tags": [
"familiar"
],
"word": "faiblard"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "langsam"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "träge"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "pūtumu"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "hōtoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "pūroto"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "pūrotoroto"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "ukauka"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "takurutu"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "ślamazarny"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "lento"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "moroso"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "médlennyj",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "ме́дленный"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "počasen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "lento"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "calmado"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "calmo"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "aheste"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 1 6",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "ağır"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1695, John Woodward, An Essay toward a Natural History of the Earth and Terrestrial Bodies",
"text": "Matter, being impotent, sluggish, and inactive, hath no power to stir or move itself.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having no power to move oneself or itself; inert."
],
"id": "en-sluggish-en-adj-90DCjJgQ",
"links": [
[
"inert",
"inert"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 3 91 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "jähmeä"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 91 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "verkkainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 91 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "rétamé"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 91 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "naze"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 91 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "schleppend"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 91 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "lahm"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 91 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "kraftlos"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 91 1 1",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "bê taqet",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "بێ تاقەت"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 91 1 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "tūrūruhi"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 91 1 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "inerte"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 91 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nepovorotlivyj",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "неповоротливый"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 91 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "inertnyj",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "инертный"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 91 1 1",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "šibek"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 91 1 1",
"code": "es",
"english": "persons",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "desganado"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 91 1 1",
"code": "es",
"english": "persons, things",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "apagado"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 91 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "inerte"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 91 1 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "durgun"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 91 1 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "tutuk"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 4 5 58 24",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Personality",
"orig": "en:Personality",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple."
],
"id": "en-sluggish-en-adj-z-kaX8Rf",
"links": [
[
"sluggard",
"sluggard"
],
[
"stupid",
"stupid"
],
[
"tame",
"tame"
],
[
"simple",
"simple"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "stupid"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "10 1 0 88 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "hidas"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 0 88 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "hidasälyinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 0 88 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "verkkainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 0 88 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "nōthrós",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "νωθρός"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 0 88 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "devagar"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 0 88 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zatormožennyj",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "заторможенный"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 0 88 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "lento"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 0 88 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "estúpido"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 0 88 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "tarado"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 0 88 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "pendejo"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 0 88 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "miskin"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 0 88 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "tutuk"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "36 3 7 5 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 8 12 8 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Inflation has been rising despite sluggish economy.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2023 November 15, Tessa Wong, “Xi Jinping arrives in US as his Chinese Dream sputters”, in BBC",
"text": "After an initial bounce back, the post-Covid Chinese economy has turned sluggish. Its property market - once a key driver of growth - is now mired in a credit crisis, exacerbating a domestic \"debt bomb\" that has ballooned from years of borrowing by local government and state-owned enterprises.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Exhibiting economic decline, inactivity, slow, or subnormal growth."
],
"id": "en-sluggish-en-adj-oorJlKto",
"links": [
[
"economic",
"economic"
],
[
"decline",
"decline"
],
[
"inactivity",
"inactivity"
],
[
"slow",
"slow"
],
[
"subnormal",
"subnormal"
],
[
"growth",
"growth"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈslʌɡɪʃ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌɡɪʃ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-sluggish.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a8/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-sluggish.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-sluggish.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
}
],
"word": "sluggish"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms suffixed with -ish",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ʌɡɪʃ",
"Rhymes:English/ʌɡɪʃ/2 syllables",
"en:Personality"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "sluggishly"
},
{
"word": "sluggishness"
},
{
"word": "sluggish schizophrenia"
},
{
"word": "unsluggish"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "slug",
"3": "ish"
},
"expansion": "slug + -ish",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "slug + -ish",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sluggisher",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more sluggish",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "sluggishest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most sluggish",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
"2": "more"
},
"expansion": "sluggish (comparative sluggisher or more sluggish, superlative sluggishest or most sluggish)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a sluggish man",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1724, Pharmacopolæ Justificati: Or, Apothecaries Vindicated from the Imputation of Ignorance. […], London: […] J. Roberts, […], →OCLC, page 6",
"text": "[I]f he leaves the School poſſeſs'd of a ſluggiſh indolent Diſpoſition, and of Learning rather forc'd upon him than choſen, it is probable he will forget what he brought thence; but if he be active, emulous and aſpiring, he will certainly find Time for Reading and Thinking; for tho' it be a homely, it is a true Saying, that where there is a Will, there is a Way.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1874, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Ovid in Exile",
"text": "And the sluggish land slumbers in utter neglect.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive"
],
"links": [
[
"idle",
"idle"
],
[
"lazy",
"lazy"
],
[
"slothful",
"slothful"
],
[
"dull",
"dull"
],
[
"inactive",
"inactive"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lazy"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "nimble"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1913, Paul Laurence Dunbar, At Sunset Time",
"text": "We float upon a sluggish stream,\nWe ride no rapids mad,\nWhile life is all a tempered dream\nAnd every joy half sad.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1970, Robert M. Solow, Growth Theory: An Exposition, Oxford University Press, page 3",
"text": "[T]he stock of capital is necessarily a sluggish time series, while output is capable of making wide swings in short intervals[.]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Slow; having little motion."
],
"links": [
[
"Slow",
"slow"
],
[
"motion",
"motion"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "slow"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1695, John Woodward, An Essay toward a Natural History of the Earth and Terrestrial Bodies",
"text": "Matter, being impotent, sluggish, and inactive, hath no power to stir or move itself.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having no power to move oneself or itself; inert."
],
"links": [
[
"inert",
"inert"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple."
],
"links": [
[
"sluggard",
"sluggard"
],
[
"stupid",
"stupid"
],
[
"tame",
"tame"
],
[
"simple",
"simple"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "stupid"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Inflation has been rising despite sluggish economy.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2023 November 15, Tessa Wong, “Xi Jinping arrives in US as his Chinese Dream sputters”, in BBC",
"text": "After an initial bounce back, the post-Covid Chinese economy has turned sluggish. Its property market - once a key driver of growth - is now mired in a credit crisis, exacerbating a domestic \"debt bomb\" that has ballooned from years of borrowing by local government and state-owned enterprises.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Exhibiting economic decline, inactivity, slow, or subnormal growth."
],
"links": [
[
"economic",
"economic"
],
[
"decline",
"decline"
],
[
"inactivity",
"inactivity"
],
[
"slow",
"slow"
],
[
"subnormal",
"subnormal"
],
[
"growth",
"growth"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈslʌɡɪʃ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌɡɪʃ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-sluggish.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a8/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-sluggish.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-sluggish.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "leniv",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "ленив"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mǎrzeliv",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "мързелив"
},
{
"code": "ccc",
"lang": "Chamicuro",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "achwayi"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "懶惰"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǎnduò",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "懒惰"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "hidas"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "laiska"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "veltto"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "lerdo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "náparo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "harón"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "zamarrón"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "lerchán"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "faul"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "schwach"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "inaktiv"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "lustlos"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "schwerfällig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "bräsig"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "nothrós",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "νωθρός"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "átonos",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "άτονος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "nōthrós",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "νωθρός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "nōkhelḗs",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "νωχελής"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "ceanntrom"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "languidus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "ignavus"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "ukauka"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "takurutu"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "rozlazły"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "ślamazarny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "vadio"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "vagabundo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lenívyj",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "лени́вый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "medlítelʹnyj",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "медли́тельный"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "mandara",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "मन्दर"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "len"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "perezoso"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "haragán"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "huevón"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "desganado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "aburrido"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "inútil"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "uyuşuk"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive",
"word": "miskin"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "baven",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "бавен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "muden",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "муден"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "緩慢"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huǎnmàn",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "缓慢"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "langzaam"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "hidas"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "hiljainen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "heikko"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "poussif"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"tags": [
"familiar"
],
"word": "faiblard"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "langsam"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "träge"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "pūtumu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "hōtoa"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "pūroto"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "pūrotoroto"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "ukauka"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "takurutu"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "ślamazarny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "lento"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "moroso"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "médlennyj",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "ме́дленный"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "počasen"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "lento"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "calmado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "calmo"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "aheste"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "slow; having little motion",
"word": "ağır"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "jähmeä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "verkkainen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "rétamé"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "naze"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "schleppend"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "lahm"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "kraftlos"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "bê taqet",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "بێ تاقەت"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "tūrūruhi"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "inerte"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nepovorotlivyj",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "неповоротливый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "inertnyj",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "инертный"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "šibek"
},
{
"code": "es",
"english": "persons",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "desganado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"english": "persons, things",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "apagado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "inerte"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "durgun"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "having no power to move oneself or itself; inert",
"word": "tutuk"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "hidas"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "hidasälyinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "verkkainen"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "nōthrós",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "νωθρός"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "devagar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zatormožennyj",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "заторможенный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "lento"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "estúpido"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "tarado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "pendejo"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "miskin"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple",
"word": "tutuk"
}
],
"word": "sluggish"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.