"νωθρός" meaning in Ancient Greek

See νωθρός in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /nɔː.tʰrós/, /noˈθros/, /noˈθros/, /nɔː.tʰrós/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /noˈtʰros/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /noˈθros/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /noˈθros/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /noˈθros/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: From νωθής (nōthḗs, “sluggish, slothful”) + -ρός (-rós, adjective suffix). The origin of νωθής (nōthḗs, “slow, indolent, stubborn”) is disputed. Proto-Indo-European *n̥- has been proposed to explain the initial, combined with the roots of ὄθομαι (óthomai, “to show consideration for others, fight shy of”), only used in connection with a negative particle, or ὠθέω (ōthéō, “to push, thrust, drive, throw back”) respectively. A genetical relation with Sanskrit आध्र (ādhrá, “poor, destitute, indigent, weak”), presupposing a *nh₃dh-ro-, is perhaps less improbable than generally thought. Compare also արհամարհ (arhamarh, “contemptible, low, poor, sorry”), an Iranian loan. Etymology templates: {{af|grc|νωθής|-ρός|pos2=adjective suffix|t1=sluggish, slothful}} νωθής (nōthḗs, “sluggish, slothful”) + -ρός (-rós, adjective suffix), {{m|grc|νωθής||slow, indolent, stubborn}} νωθής (nōthḗs, “slow, indolent, stubborn”), {{inh|grc|ine-pro|*n̥-}} Proto-Indo-European *n̥-, {{m|grc|ὄθομαι||to show consideration for others, fight shy of}} ὄθομαι (óthomai, “to show consideration for others, fight shy of”), {{m|grc|ὠθέω||to push, thrust, drive, throw back}} ὠθέω (ōthéō, “to push, thrust, drive, throw back”), {{cog|sa|आध्र||poor, destitute, indigent, weak|tr=ādhrá}} Sanskrit आध्र (ādhrá, “poor, destitute, indigent, weak”), {{m|ine-pro|*nh₃dh-ro-}} *nh₃dh-ro-, {{m|xcl|արհամարհ||contemptible, low, poor, sorry}} արհամարհ (arhamarh, “contemptible, low, poor, sorry”) Inflection templates: {{grc-adecl|νωθρός|ᾱ́}} Forms: nōthrós [romanization], νωθρᾱ́ [feminine], νωθρόν [neuter], Attic declension-2 [table-tags], νωθρός [masculine, nominative, singular], νωθρᾱ́ [feminine, nominative, singular], νωθρόν [neuter, nominative, singular], νωθρώ [dual, masculine, nominative], νωθρᾱ́ [dual, feminine, nominative], νωθρώ [dual, neuter, nominative], νωθροί [masculine, nominative, plural], νωθραί [feminine, nominative, plural], νωθρᾰ́ [neuter, nominative, plural], νωθροῦ [genitive, masculine, singular], νωθρᾶς [feminine, genitive, singular], νωθροῦ [genitive, neuter, singular], νωθροῖν [dual, genitive, masculine], νωθραῖν [dual, feminine, genitive], νωθροῖν [dual, genitive, neuter], νωθρῶν [genitive, masculine, plural], νωθρῶν [feminine, genitive, plural], νωθρῶν [genitive, neuter, plural], νωθρῷ [dative, masculine, singular], νωθρᾷ [dative, feminine, singular], νωθρῷ [dative, neuter, singular], νωθροῖν [dative, dual, masculine], νωθραῖν [dative, dual, feminine], νωθροῖν [dative, dual, neuter], νωθροῖς [dative, masculine, plural], νωθραῖς [dative, feminine, plural], νωθροῖς [dative, neuter, plural], νωθρόν [accusative, masculine, singular], νωθρᾱ́ν [accusative, feminine, singular], νωθρόν [accusative, neuter, singular], νωθρώ [accusative, dual, masculine], νωθρᾱ́ [accusative, dual, feminine], νωθρώ [accusative, dual, neuter], νωθρούς [accusative, masculine, plural], νωθρᾱ́ς [accusative, feminine, plural], νωθρᾰ́ [accusative, neuter, plural], νωθρέ [masculine, singular, vocative], νωθρᾱ́ [feminine, singular, vocative], νωθρόν [neuter, singular, vocative], νωθρώ [dual, masculine, vocative], νωθρᾱ́ [dual, feminine, vocative], νωθρώ [dual, neuter, vocative], νωθροί [masculine, plural, vocative], νωθραί [feminine, plural, vocative], νωθρᾰ́ [neuter, plural, vocative], νωθρῶς [adverbial, feminine, masculine, neuter], νωθρότερος [comparative, feminine, masculine, neuter], νωθρότᾰτος [feminine, masculine, neuter, superlative]
  1. sluggish, slothful Synonyms: νωθής, νωχελής
    Sense id: en-νωθρός-grc-adj-TtuC2Dfe Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός, Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 52 48 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός: 54 46 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes: 48 52
  2. macking sluggish
    Sense id: en-νωθρός-grc-adj-lcxiW3tu Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός, Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 52 48 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός: 54 46 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes: 48 52
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: νωθρείᾱ (nōthreíā), νωθρεπῐθέτης (nōthrepithétēs), νωθρεύω (nōthreúō), νωθροκᾰ́ρδῐος (nōthrokárdios), νωθροποιός (nōthropoiós), νωθρότης (nōthrótēs), νωθρώδης (nōthrṓdēs), νωθρᾰ́ς (nōthrás), νωθρῐᾰ́ω (nōthriáō)

Download JSON data for νωθρός meaning in Ancient Greek (10.8kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "nōthreíā",
      "word": "νωθρείᾱ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "nōthrepithétēs",
      "word": "νωθρεπῐθέτης"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "nōthreúō",
      "word": "νωθρεύω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "nōthrokárdios",
      "word": "νωθροκᾰ́ρδῐος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "nōthropoiós",
      "word": "νωθροποιός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "nōthrótēs",
      "word": "νωθρότης"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "nōthrṓdēs",
      "word": "νωθρώδης"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "nōthrás",
      "word": "νωθρᾰ́ς"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "nōthriáō",
      "word": "νωθρῐᾰ́ω"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "νωθρός"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: νωθρός (nothrós)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: νωθρός (nothrós)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "νωθής",
        "3": "-ρός",
        "pos2": "adjective suffix",
        "t1": "sluggish, slothful"
      },
      "expansion": "νωθής (nōthḗs, “sluggish, slothful”) + -ρός (-rós, adjective suffix)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "νωθής",
        "3": "",
        "4": "slow, indolent, stubborn"
      },
      "expansion": "νωθής (nōthḗs, “slow, indolent, stubborn”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*n̥-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὄθομαι",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to show consideration for others, fight shy of"
      },
      "expansion": "ὄθομαι (óthomai, “to show consideration for others, fight shy of”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὠθέω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to push, thrust, drive, throw back"
      },
      "expansion": "ὠθέω (ōthéō, “to push, thrust, drive, throw back”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "आध्र",
        "3": "",
        "4": "poor, destitute, indigent, weak",
        "tr": "ādhrá"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit आध्र (ādhrá, “poor, destitute, indigent, weak”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*nh₃dh-ro-"
      },
      "expansion": "*nh₃dh-ro-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "արհամարհ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "contemptible, low, poor, sorry"
      },
      "expansion": "արհամարհ (arhamarh, “contemptible, low, poor, sorry”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From νωθής (nōthḗs, “sluggish, slothful”) + -ρός (-rós, adjective suffix). The origin of νωθής (nōthḗs, “slow, indolent, stubborn”) is disputed. Proto-Indo-European *n̥- has been proposed to explain the initial, combined with the roots of ὄθομαι (óthomai, “to show consideration for others, fight shy of”), only used in connection with a negative particle, or ὠθέω (ōthéō, “to push, thrust, drive, throw back”) respectively. A genetical relation with Sanskrit आध्र (ādhrá, “poor, destitute, indigent, weak”), presupposing a *nh₃dh-ro-, is perhaps less improbable than generally thought. Compare also արհամարհ (arhamarh, “contemptible, low, poor, sorry”), an Iranian loan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "nōthrós",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾱ́",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρόν",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-adecl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First and second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρός",
      "roman": "nōthrós",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾱ́",
      "roman": "nōthrā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρόν",
      "roman": "nōthrón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρώ",
      "roman": "nōthrṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾱ́",
      "roman": "nōthrā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρώ",
      "roman": "nōthrṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθροί",
      "roman": "nōthroí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθραί",
      "roman": "nōthraí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾰ́",
      "roman": "nōthrá",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθροῦ",
      "roman": "nōthroû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾶς",
      "roman": "nōthrâs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθροῦ",
      "roman": "nōthroû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθροῖν",
      "roman": "nōthroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθραῖν",
      "roman": "nōthraîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθροῖν",
      "roman": "nōthroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρῶν",
      "roman": "nōthrôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρῶν",
      "roman": "nōthrôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρῶν",
      "roman": "nōthrôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρῷ",
      "roman": "nōthrôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾷ",
      "roman": "nōthrâi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρῷ",
      "roman": "nōthrôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθροῖν",
      "roman": "nōthroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθραῖν",
      "roman": "nōthraîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθροῖν",
      "roman": "nōthroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθροῖς",
      "roman": "nōthroîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθραῖς",
      "roman": "nōthraîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθροῖς",
      "roman": "nōthroîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρόν",
      "roman": "nōthrón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾱ́ν",
      "roman": "nōthrā́n",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρόν",
      "roman": "nōthrón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρώ",
      "roman": "nōthrṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾱ́",
      "roman": "nōthrā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρώ",
      "roman": "nōthrṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρούς",
      "roman": "nōthroús",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾱ́ς",
      "roman": "nōthrā́s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾰ́",
      "roman": "nōthrá",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρέ",
      "roman": "nōthré",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾱ́",
      "roman": "nōthrā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρόν",
      "roman": "nōthrón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρώ",
      "roman": "nōthrṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾱ́",
      "roman": "nōthrā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρώ",
      "roman": "nōthrṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθροί",
      "roman": "nōthroí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθραί",
      "roman": "nōthraí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾰ́",
      "roman": "nōthrá",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρῶς",
      "roman": "nōthrôs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρότερος",
      "roman": "nōthróteros",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρότᾰτος",
      "roman": "nōthrótatos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "νωθρός",
        "2": "ᾱ́"
      },
      "name": "grc-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "52 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sluggish, slothful"
      ],
      "id": "en-νωθρός-grc-adj-TtuC2Dfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "sluggish",
          "sluggish"
        ],
        [
          "slothful",
          "slothful"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "νωθής"
        },
        {
          "word": "νωχελής"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "52 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "macking sluggish"
      ],
      "id": "en-νωθρός-grc-adj-lcxiW3tu",
      "links": [
        [
          "sluggish",
          "sluggish"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/nɔː.tʰrós/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/noˈθros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/noˈθros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nɔː.tʰrós/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/noˈtʰros/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/noˈθros/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/noˈθros/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/noˈθros/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "νωθρός"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek adjectives",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek oxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "nōthreíā",
      "word": "νωθρείᾱ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōthrepithétēs",
      "word": "νωθρεπῐθέτης"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōthreúō",
      "word": "νωθρεύω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōthrokárdios",
      "word": "νωθροκᾰ́ρδῐος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōthropoiós",
      "word": "νωθροποιός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōthrótēs",
      "word": "νωθρότης"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōthrṓdēs",
      "word": "νωθρώδης"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōthrás",
      "word": "νωθρᾰ́ς"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōthriáō",
      "word": "νωθρῐᾰ́ω"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "νωθρός"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: νωθρός (nothrós)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: νωθρός (nothrós)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "νωθής",
        "3": "-ρός",
        "pos2": "adjective suffix",
        "t1": "sluggish, slothful"
      },
      "expansion": "νωθής (nōthḗs, “sluggish, slothful”) + -ρός (-rós, adjective suffix)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "νωθής",
        "3": "",
        "4": "slow, indolent, stubborn"
      },
      "expansion": "νωθής (nōthḗs, “slow, indolent, stubborn”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*n̥-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὄθομαι",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to show consideration for others, fight shy of"
      },
      "expansion": "ὄθομαι (óthomai, “to show consideration for others, fight shy of”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὠθέω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to push, thrust, drive, throw back"
      },
      "expansion": "ὠθέω (ōthéō, “to push, thrust, drive, throw back”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "आध्र",
        "3": "",
        "4": "poor, destitute, indigent, weak",
        "tr": "ādhrá"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit आध्र (ādhrá, “poor, destitute, indigent, weak”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*nh₃dh-ro-"
      },
      "expansion": "*nh₃dh-ro-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "արհամարհ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "contemptible, low, poor, sorry"
      },
      "expansion": "արհամարհ (arhamarh, “contemptible, low, poor, sorry”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From νωθής (nōthḗs, “sluggish, slothful”) + -ρός (-rós, adjective suffix). The origin of νωθής (nōthḗs, “slow, indolent, stubborn”) is disputed. Proto-Indo-European *n̥- has been proposed to explain the initial, combined with the roots of ὄθομαι (óthomai, “to show consideration for others, fight shy of”), only used in connection with a negative particle, or ὠθέω (ōthéō, “to push, thrust, drive, throw back”) respectively. A genetical relation with Sanskrit आध्र (ādhrá, “poor, destitute, indigent, weak”), presupposing a *nh₃dh-ro-, is perhaps less improbable than generally thought. Compare also արհամարհ (arhamarh, “contemptible, low, poor, sorry”), an Iranian loan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "nōthrós",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾱ́",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρόν",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-adecl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First and second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρός",
      "roman": "nōthrós",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾱ́",
      "roman": "nōthrā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρόν",
      "roman": "nōthrón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρώ",
      "roman": "nōthrṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾱ́",
      "roman": "nōthrā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρώ",
      "roman": "nōthrṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθροί",
      "roman": "nōthroí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθραί",
      "roman": "nōthraí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾰ́",
      "roman": "nōthrá",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθροῦ",
      "roman": "nōthroû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾶς",
      "roman": "nōthrâs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθροῦ",
      "roman": "nōthroû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθροῖν",
      "roman": "nōthroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθραῖν",
      "roman": "nōthraîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθροῖν",
      "roman": "nōthroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρῶν",
      "roman": "nōthrôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρῶν",
      "roman": "nōthrôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρῶν",
      "roman": "nōthrôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρῷ",
      "roman": "nōthrôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾷ",
      "roman": "nōthrâi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρῷ",
      "roman": "nōthrôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθροῖν",
      "roman": "nōthroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθραῖν",
      "roman": "nōthraîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθροῖν",
      "roman": "nōthroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθροῖς",
      "roman": "nōthroîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθραῖς",
      "roman": "nōthraîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθροῖς",
      "roman": "nōthroîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρόν",
      "roman": "nōthrón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾱ́ν",
      "roman": "nōthrā́n",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρόν",
      "roman": "nōthrón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρώ",
      "roman": "nōthrṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾱ́",
      "roman": "nōthrā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρώ",
      "roman": "nōthrṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρούς",
      "roman": "nōthroús",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾱ́ς",
      "roman": "nōthrā́s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾰ́",
      "roman": "nōthrá",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρέ",
      "roman": "nōthré",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾱ́",
      "roman": "nōthrā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρόν",
      "roman": "nōthrón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρώ",
      "roman": "nōthrṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾱ́",
      "roman": "nōthrā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρώ",
      "roman": "nōthrṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθροί",
      "roman": "nōthroí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθραί",
      "roman": "nōthraí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρᾰ́",
      "roman": "nōthrá",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρῶς",
      "roman": "nōthrôs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρότερος",
      "roman": "nōthróteros",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νωθρότᾰτος",
      "roman": "nōthrótatos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "νωθρός",
        "2": "ᾱ́"
      },
      "name": "grc-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "sluggish, slothful"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sluggish",
          "sluggish"
        ],
        [
          "slothful",
          "slothful"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "νωθής"
        },
        {
          "word": "νωχελής"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "macking sluggish"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sluggish",
          "sluggish"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/nɔː.tʰrós/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/noˈθros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/noˈθros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nɔː.tʰrós/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/noˈtʰros/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/noˈθros/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/noˈθros/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/noˈθros/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "νωθρός"
}
{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: νωθρός/Ancient Greek 'Number' base_tags={'Attic', 'declension-2'}",
  "path": [
    "νωθρός"
  ],
  "section": "Ancient Greek",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "νωθρός",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.