See grit in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gritten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gritty"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "road grit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "true grit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Yorkshire grit"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrewd-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grete"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grete",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "greot",
"4": "grēot"
},
"expansion": "Old English grēot",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*greut"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *greut",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*greutą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *greutą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "With early modern vowel shortening, from Middle English grete, griet, from Old English grēot, from Proto-West Germanic *greut, from Proto-Germanic *greutą.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "grit (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grindstone"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sand"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sandy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sandblasting"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "debris"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mortar and pestle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "swarf"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 11 18 7 16 7 21 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The flower beds were white with grit from sand blasting the flagstone walkways.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A collection of hard small materials, such as dirt, ground stone, debris from sandblasting or other such grinding, or swarf from metalworking."
],
"id": "en-grit-en-noun-hZ49IoFp",
"links": [
[
"collection",
"collection"
],
[
"dirt",
"dirt"
],
[
"ground",
"ground#Adjective"
],
[
"debris",
"debris"
],
[
"sandblasting",
"sandblasting"
],
[
"swarf",
"swarf"
],
[
"metalwork",
"metalwork"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 11 18 7 16 7 21 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A collection of hard small materials, such as dirt, ground stone, debris from sandblasting or other such grinding, or swarf from metalworking.",
"Sand or a sand–salt mixture spread on wet and, especially, icy roads and footpaths to improve traction."
],
"id": "en-grit-en-noun-BaLEaIo2",
"links": [
[
"collection",
"collection"
],
[
"dirt",
"dirt"
],
[
"ground",
"ground#Adjective"
],
[
"debris",
"debris"
],
[
"sandblasting",
"sandblasting"
],
[
"swarf",
"swarf"
],
[
"metalwork",
"metalwork"
],
[
"traction",
"traction"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
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{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English links with redundant target parameters",
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{
"_dis": "9 9 18 7 12 3 3 14 20 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
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{
"_dis": "9 9 19 7 13 2 2 15 21 1 3",
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"name": "Pages with entries",
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{
"_dis": "7 7 17 5 16 4 3 16 19 1 4",
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"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
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{
"_dis": "8 8 25 6 18 5 24 2 4",
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{
"_dis": "8 8 23 6 20 5 23 2 5",
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{
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "9 9 19 6 22 4 24 2 4",
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{
"_dis": "8 8 26 5 20 5 22 2 4",
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{
"_dis": "7 7 19 4 17 4 3 16 19 1 4",
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"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
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{
"_dis": "10 10 20 6 24 4 22 2 4",
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{
"_dis": "8 8 24 6 19 5 24 2 4",
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{
"_dis": "8 8 19 8 18 5 23 3 6",
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{
"_dis": "8 8 23 6 21 7 23 2 4",
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"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
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{
"_dis": "8 8 22 6 19 5 24 2 4",
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"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
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{
"_dis": "10 10 23 5 20 4 23 2 4",
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"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "8 8 24 6 19 5 23 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 24 6 19 5 24 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "8 8 18 4 15 3 3 17 19 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "9 9 21 5 19 5 23 4 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "These cookies seem to have grit from nutshells in them.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Small, hard, inedible particles in food."
],
"id": "en-grit-en-noun-l5paBseK",
"links": [
[
"inedible",
"inedible"
],
[
"particle",
"particle"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 4 80 3 7 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "inedible particles in food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sorra"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 80 3 7 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "inedible particles in food",
"word": "puru"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 80 3 7 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "inedible particles in food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ballaststoff"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 80 3 7 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "inedible particles in food",
"word": "Grieß"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 80 3 7 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "inedible particles in food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schrot"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 80 3 7 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "inedible particles in food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "balastna tvar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I need a sheet of 100 grit sandpaper.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A measure of the relative coarseness of an abrasive material such as sandpaper, the smaller the number the coarser the abrasive."
],
"id": "en-grit-en-noun-RQbFrCsu",
"links": [
[
"measure",
"measure"
],
[
"coarseness",
"coarseness"
],
[
"abrasive",
"abrasive"
],
[
"sandpaper",
"sandpaper"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 84 7 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "measure of coarseness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gra"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 84 7 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "measure of coarseness",
"word": "karkeus"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 84 7 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "measure of coarseness",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Korn"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 84 7 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "measure of coarseness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Körnung"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 84 7 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "measure of coarseness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grana"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 84 7 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "measure of coarseness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grão"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 84 7 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "measure of coarseness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "granulacija"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 84 7 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "measure of coarseness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zrnatost"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 84 7 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "measure of coarseness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grano"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Geology",
"orig": "en:Geology",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 18 7 16 7 21 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English links with redundant target parameters",
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{
"_dis": "9 9 18 7 12 3 3 14 20 1 4",
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{
"_dis": "8 8 18 4 16 4 3 15 18 1 4",
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{
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],
"glosses": [
"A hard, coarse-grained siliceous sandstone; gritstone. Also, a finer sharp-grained sandstone, e.g., grindstone grit."
],
"id": "en-grit-en-noun-T-0w~90R",
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"siliceous",
"siliceous"
],
[
"sandstone",
"sandstone"
],
[
"gritstone",
"gritstone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) A hard, coarse-grained siliceous sandstone; gritstone. Also, a finer sharp-grained sandstone, e.g., grindstone grit."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "That kid with the cast on his arm has the grit to play dodgeball.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1861, Charles Reade, The Cloister and the Hearth; or, Maid, Wife, and Widow. A Matter-of-Fact Romance., New York, N.Y.: Rudd & Carleton; London: Trübner & Co.:",
"text": "They came to a rising ground , not sharp , but long ; and here youth and grit and sober living told more than ever.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1880, Edwin Percy Whipple, Success and Its Conditions:",
"text": "If you are overcome by a man of grit, he insolently makes you conscious of your own weakness",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1941 April, “Notes and News: Railwaymen and Snow”, in Railway Magazine, page 178:",
"text": "Although working under very unpleasant conditions they never grumbled, and to the end showed continuous grit; and in addition to this several examples of sheer heroism were displayed.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015 April 15, Jonathan Martin, “For a Clinton, it’s not hard to be humble in an effort to regain power”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 2015-09-06:",
"text": "But what their admirers call grit and critics deem shamelessness can overshadow another essential element of the Clinton school: a willingness to put on the hair shirt of humility to regain power.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Strength of mind; great courage or fearlessness; fortitude."
],
"id": "en-grit-en-noun--ZWQuBac",
"links": [
[
"Strength",
"strength"
],
[
"courage",
"courage"
],
[
"fearlessness",
"fearlessness"
],
[
"fortitude",
"fortitude"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coratge"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tremp"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "braó"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "odhodlanost"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vytrvalost"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kuráž"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "lef"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "sisukkuus"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "sisu"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "cran"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Mut"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schneid"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "eltökéltség"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "elszántság"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "kitartás"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "szilárdság"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "lelkierő"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "határozottság"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "grinta"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "manawaroa"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "niwha"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "para"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "hautū"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stanowczość"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "wytrwałość"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tenacidade"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "garra"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uporstvo",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "упорство"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vyderžka",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "выдержка"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "besstrašije",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "бесстрашие"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sila voli",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "сила воли"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xvatka",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "хватка"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "stojkostʹ",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "стойкость"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "revnost"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zagnanost"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vnema"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "temple"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 2 2 92",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "agalla"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹɪt/"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-grit.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/En-au-grit.ogg/En-au-grit.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/En-au-grit.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-grit.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/55/En-us-grit.oga/En-us-grit.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/En-us-grit.oga"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grava"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "llimadures"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pòlvores"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "drť"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "písek"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "štěrk"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gruis"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "puru"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "pöly"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "kivipöly"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "metallipuru"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gravillon"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Splitt"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schotter"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Streu"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Grieß"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Streumittel"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Streugut"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Schrot"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "kavics"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "murva"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "homok"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "homokkő"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "kőpor"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "törmelék"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "zúzalék"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sabbia"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "kirikiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "piasek"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żwir"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "granalha"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pesók",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "песо́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pijesak"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesak"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "zrnca"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 6 3 6 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "arenilla"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"grit"
],
"word": "grit"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grit one's teeth"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrewd-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grete"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grete",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "greot",
"4": "grēot"
},
"expansion": "Old English grēot",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*greut"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *greut",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*greutą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *greutą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "With early modern vowel shortening, from Middle English grete, griet, from Old English grēot, from Proto-West Germanic *greut, from Proto-Germanic *greutą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grits",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gritting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gritted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gritted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grit",
"tags": [
"nonstandard",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grit",
"tags": [
"nonstandard",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"past2": "grit",
"past2_qual": "nonstandard"
},
"expansion": "grit (third-person singular simple present grits, present participle gritting, simple past and past participle gritted or (nonstandard) grit)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 10 15 6 14 3 3 14 21 0 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 8 4 15 3 3 17 25 1 4",
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"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 18 7 16 7 21 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 18 7 12 3 3 14 20 1 4",
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"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
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},
{
"_dis": "9 9 19 7 13 2 2 15 21 1 3",
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"name": "Pages with entries",
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},
{
"_dis": "7 7 17 5 16 4 3 16 19 1 4",
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"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "8 8 25 6 18 5 24 2 4",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 23 6 20 5 23 2 5",
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{
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{
"_dis": "8 8 18 5 15 4 3 15 20 1 4",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "8 8 22 5 17 4 25 4 7",
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"name": "Terms with French translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "8 8 18 4 16 4 3 15 18 1 4",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "9 9 19 6 22 4 24 2 4",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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"_dis": "8 8 26 5 20 5 22 2 4",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "10 10 20 6 24 4 22 2 4",
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{
"_dis": "8 8 24 6 19 5 24 2 4",
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{
"_dis": "8 8 19 8 18 5 23 3 6",
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{
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "We had no choice but to grit our teeth and get on with it.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "He has a sleeping disorder and grits his teeth.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Apparently only in grit one's teeth: to clench, particularly in reaction to pain or anger."
],
"id": "en-grit-en-verb-hVQq45ek",
"links": [
[
"grit one's teeth",
"grit one's teeth#English"
],
[
"clench",
"clench"
],
[
"reaction",
"reaction"
],
[
"pain",
"pain"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "skǎrcam",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "скърцам"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "serrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "estrènyer"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "咬紧"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "skřípat zuby"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "knarsen"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "knari"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to clench",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "purra hammasta"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "fi",
"english": "physically",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "narskuttaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "grincer"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "knirschen"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "knarren"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "scrâșni"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skrežetatʹ",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "скрежетать"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "apretar"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To cover with grit."
],
"id": "en-grit-en-verb-mQ6ULTwY",
"links": [
[
"cover",
"cover"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to cover with grit",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "posypat drtí"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cover with grit",
"word": "peittää purulla"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to cover with grit",
"word": "graeanu"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1767, Oliver Goldsmith, The Hermit\nThe sanded |floor that grits beneath the tread."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give forth a grating sound, like sand under the feet; to grate; to grind."
],
"id": "en-grit-en-verb-p1Lt4p-O",
"links": [
[
"grate",
"grate"
],
[
"grind",
"grind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, intransitive) To give forth a grating sound, like sand under the feet; to grate; to grind."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 0 95",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to give a grating sound",
"word": "grinyolar"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 95",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to give a grating sound",
"word": "narskua"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 95",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to give a grating sound",
"word": "narskaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 95",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to give a grating sound",
"word": "korskaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 95",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to give a grating sound",
"word": "crujir"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹɪt/"
},
{
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{
"rhymes": "-ɪt"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"grit"
],
"word": "grit"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*gryt",
"t": "bran, chaff"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *gryt (“bran, chaff”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grytt"
},
"expansion": "Old English grytt",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*gruti",
"t": "coarsely ground bits"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gruti (“coarsely ground bits”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrewd-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrewd-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "goetta"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of goetta",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English *gryt (“bran, chaff”), from Old English grytt, from Proto-West Germanic *gruti (“coarsely ground bits”), ablaut variant of Proto-Indo-European *gʰrewd-. See above. Doublet of goetta.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grits",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grit (plural grits)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "groat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grout"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gruel"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Husked but unground oats."
],
"id": "en-grit-en-noun-3g6gudlT",
"links": [
[
"Husked",
"husk"
],
[
"unground",
"unground"
],
[
"oats",
"oat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) Husked but unground oats."
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bulgur",
"sense": "husked but unground oats",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "булгур"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "husked but unground oats",
"word": "grutten"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "husked but unground oats",
"word": "kauraryyni"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "husked but unground oats",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"singular"
],
"word": "Hafergraupen"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "husked but unground oats",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avena mondata"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "husked but unground oats",
"tags": [
"South-America",
"masculine"
],
"word": "mote de avena"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "husked but unground oats",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avena pelada"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 9 18 7 12 3 3 14 20 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 19 7 13 2 2 15 21 1 3",
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"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 17 5 16 4 3 16 19 1 4",
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"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 17 4 15 4 4 15 18 1 5",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "8 8 18 5 15 4 3 15 20 1 4",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 18 4 16 4 3 15 18 1 4",
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"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "7 7 19 4 17 4 3 16 19 1 4",
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"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 18 4 15 3 3 17 19 1 4",
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"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "6 6 17 5 11 3 4 27 15 1 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Foods",
"orig": "en:Foods",
"parents": [
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Coarsely ground corn or hominy used as porridge."
],
"id": "en-grit-en-noun-mSPXb8iI",
"links": [
[
"corn",
"corn"
],
[
"hominy",
"hominy"
],
[
"porridge",
"porridge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) Coarsely ground corn or hominy used as porridge."
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"ipa": "/ɡɹɪt/"
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"audio": "en-au-grit.ogg",
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],
"wikipedia": [
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"word": "grit"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰrewd-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
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"English verbs",
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"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɪt",
"Rhymes:English/ɪt/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Foods"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gritten"
},
{
"word": "gritty"
},
{
"word": "road grit"
},
{
"word": "true grit"
},
{
"word": "Yorkshire grit"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrewd-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grete"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grete",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "greot",
"4": "grēot"
},
"expansion": "Old English grēot",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*greut"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *greut",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*greutą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *greutą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "With early modern vowel shortening, from Middle English grete, griet, from Old English grēot, from Proto-West Germanic *greut, from Proto-Germanic *greutą.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "grit (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "grind"
},
{
"word": "grindstone"
},
{
"word": "sand"
},
{
"word": "sandy"
},
{
"word": "sandblasting"
},
{
"word": "debris"
},
{
"word": "mortar and pestle"
},
{
"word": "swarf"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The flower beds were white with grit from sand blasting the flagstone walkways.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A collection of hard small materials, such as dirt, ground stone, debris from sandblasting or other such grinding, or swarf from metalworking."
],
"links": [
[
"collection",
"collection"
],
[
"dirt",
"dirt"
],
[
"ground",
"ground#Adjective"
],
[
"debris",
"debris"
],
[
"sandblasting",
"sandblasting"
],
[
"swarf",
"swarf"
],
[
"metalwork",
"metalwork"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"glosses": [
"A collection of hard small materials, such as dirt, ground stone, debris from sandblasting or other such grinding, or swarf from metalworking.",
"Sand or a sand–salt mixture spread on wet and, especially, icy roads and footpaths to improve traction."
],
"links": [
[
"collection",
"collection"
],
[
"dirt",
"dirt"
],
[
"ground",
"ground#Adjective"
],
[
"debris",
"debris"
],
[
"sandblasting",
"sandblasting"
],
[
"swarf",
"swarf"
],
[
"metalwork",
"metalwork"
],
[
"traction",
"traction"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "These cookies seem to have grit from nutshells in them.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Small, hard, inedible particles in food."
],
"links": [
[
"inedible",
"inedible"
],
[
"particle",
"particle"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I need a sheet of 100 grit sandpaper.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A measure of the relative coarseness of an abrasive material such as sandpaper, the smaller the number the coarser the abrasive."
],
"links": [
[
"measure",
"measure"
],
[
"coarseness",
"coarseness"
],
[
"abrasive",
"abrasive"
],
[
"sandpaper",
"sandpaper"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Geology"
],
"glosses": [
"A hard, coarse-grained siliceous sandstone; gritstone. Also, a finer sharp-grained sandstone, e.g., grindstone grit."
],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"siliceous",
"siliceous"
],
[
"sandstone",
"sandstone"
],
[
"gritstone",
"gritstone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) A hard, coarse-grained siliceous sandstone; gritstone. Also, a finer sharp-grained sandstone, e.g., grindstone grit."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "That kid with the cast on his arm has the grit to play dodgeball.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1861, Charles Reade, The Cloister and the Hearth; or, Maid, Wife, and Widow. A Matter-of-Fact Romance., New York, N.Y.: Rudd & Carleton; London: Trübner & Co.:",
"text": "They came to a rising ground , not sharp , but long ; and here youth and grit and sober living told more than ever.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1880, Edwin Percy Whipple, Success and Its Conditions:",
"text": "If you are overcome by a man of grit, he insolently makes you conscious of your own weakness",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1941 April, “Notes and News: Railwaymen and Snow”, in Railway Magazine, page 178:",
"text": "Although working under very unpleasant conditions they never grumbled, and to the end showed continuous grit; and in addition to this several examples of sheer heroism were displayed.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015 April 15, Jonathan Martin, “For a Clinton, it’s not hard to be humble in an effort to regain power”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 2015-09-06:",
"text": "But what their admirers call grit and critics deem shamelessness can overshadow another essential element of the Clinton school: a willingness to put on the hair shirt of humility to regain power.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Strength of mind; great courage or fearlessness; fortitude."
],
"links": [
[
"Strength",
"strength"
],
[
"courage",
"courage"
],
[
"fearlessness",
"fearlessness"
],
[
"fortitude",
"fortitude"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹɪt/"
},
{
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{
"rhymes": "-ɪt"
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],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grava"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "llimadures"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pòlvores"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "drť"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "písek"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "štěrk"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gruis"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "puru"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "pöly"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "kivipöly"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "metallipuru"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gravillon"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Splitt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schotter"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Streu"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Grieß"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Streumittel"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Streugut"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Schrot"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "kavics"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "murva"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "homok"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "homokkő"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "kőpor"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "törmelék"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "zúzalék"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sabbia"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "kirikiri"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "piasek"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żwir"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "granalha"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pesók",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "песо́к"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pijesak"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesak"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "zrnca"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "collection of hard materials",
"word": "arenilla"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "inedible particles in food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sorra"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "inedible particles in food",
"word": "puru"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "inedible particles in food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ballaststoff"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "inedible particles in food",
"word": "Grieß"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "inedible particles in food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schrot"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "inedible particles in food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "balastna tvar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "measure of coarseness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gra"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "measure of coarseness",
"word": "karkeus"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "measure of coarseness",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Korn"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "measure of coarseness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Körnung"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "measure of coarseness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grana"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "measure of coarseness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grão"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "measure of coarseness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "granulacija"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "measure of coarseness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zrnatost"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "measure of coarseness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grano"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coratge"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tremp"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "braó"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "odhodlanost"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vytrvalost"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kuráž"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "lef"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "sisukkuus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "sisu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "cran"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Mut"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schneid"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "eltökéltség"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "elszántság"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "kitartás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "szilárdság"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "lelkierő"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "határozottság"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "grinta"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "manawaroa"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "niwha"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "para"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "hautū"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stanowczość"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "wytrwałość"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tenacidade"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "garra"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uporstvo",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "упорство"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vyderžka",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "выдержка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "besstrašije",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "бесстрашие"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sila voli",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "сила воли"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xvatka",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "хватка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "stojkostʹ",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"word": "стойкость"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "revnost"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zagnanost"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vnema"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "temple"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "strength of mind",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "agalla"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"grit"
],
"word": "grit"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰrewd-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Old English links with redundant target parameters",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɪt",
"Rhymes:English/ɪt/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Foods"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "grit one's teeth"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrewd-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grete"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grete",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "greot",
"4": "grēot"
},
"expansion": "Old English grēot",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*greut"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *greut",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*greutą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *greutą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "With early modern vowel shortening, from Middle English grete, griet, from Old English grēot, from Proto-West Germanic *greut, from Proto-Germanic *greutą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grits",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gritting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gritted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gritted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grit",
"tags": [
"nonstandard",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grit",
"tags": [
"nonstandard",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"past2": "grit",
"past2_qual": "nonstandard"
},
"expansion": "grit (third-person singular simple present grits, present participle gritting, simple past and past participle gritted or (nonstandard) grit)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "We had no choice but to grit our teeth and get on with it.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "He has a sleeping disorder and grits his teeth.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Apparently only in grit one's teeth: to clench, particularly in reaction to pain or anger."
],
"links": [
[
"grit one's teeth",
"grit one's teeth#English"
],
[
"clench",
"clench"
],
[
"reaction",
"reaction"
],
[
"pain",
"pain"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To cover with grit."
],
"links": [
[
"cover",
"cover"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1767, Oliver Goldsmith, The Hermit\nThe sanded |floor that grits beneath the tread."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give forth a grating sound, like sand under the feet; to grate; to grind."
],
"links": [
[
"grate",
"grate"
],
[
"grind",
"grind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, intransitive) To give forth a grating sound, like sand under the feet; to grate; to grind."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹɪt/"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-grit.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/En-au-grit.ogg/En-au-grit.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/En-au-grit.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-grit.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/55/En-us-grit.oga/En-us-grit.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/En-us-grit.oga"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "skǎrcam",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "скърцам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "serrar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "estrènyer"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "咬紧"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "skřípat zuby"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "knarsen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "knari"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to clench",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "purra hammasta"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "physically",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "narskuttaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "grincer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "knirschen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "knarren"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "scrâșni"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skrežetatʹ",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "скрежетать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to clench",
"word": "apretar"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to cover with grit",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "posypat drtí"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cover with grit",
"word": "peittää purulla"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to cover with grit",
"word": "graeanu"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to give a grating sound",
"word": "grinyolar"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to give a grating sound",
"word": "narskua"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to give a grating sound",
"word": "narskaa"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to give a grating sound",
"word": "korskaa"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to give a grating sound",
"word": "crujir"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"grit"
],
"word": "grit"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɪt",
"Rhymes:English/ɪt/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"en:Foods"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*gryt",
"t": "bran, chaff"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *gryt (“bran, chaff”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grytt"
},
"expansion": "Old English grytt",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*gruti",
"t": "coarsely ground bits"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gruti (“coarsely ground bits”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrewd-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrewd-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "goetta"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of goetta",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English *gryt (“bran, chaff”), from Old English grytt, from Proto-West Germanic *gruti (“coarsely ground bits”), ablaut variant of Proto-Indo-European *gʰrewd-. See above. Doublet of goetta.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grits",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grit (plural grits)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "groat"
},
{
"word": "grout"
},
{
"word": "gruel"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Husked but unground oats."
],
"links": [
[
"Husked",
"husk"
],
[
"unground",
"unground"
],
[
"oats",
"oat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) Husked but unground oats."
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Coarsely ground corn or hominy used as porridge."
],
"links": [
[
"corn",
"corn"
],
[
"hominy",
"hominy"
],
[
"porridge",
"porridge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) Coarsely ground corn or hominy used as porridge."
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹɪt/"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-grit.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/En-au-grit.ogg/En-au-grit.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/En-au-grit.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-grit.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/55/En-us-grit.oga/En-us-grit.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/En-us-grit.oga"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bulgur",
"sense": "husked but unground oats",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "булгур"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "husked but unground oats",
"word": "grutten"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "husked but unground oats",
"word": "kauraryyni"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "husked but unground oats",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"singular"
],
"word": "Hafergraupen"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "husked but unground oats",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avena mondata"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "husked but unground oats",
"tags": [
"South-America",
"masculine"
],
"word": "mote de avena"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "husked but unground oats",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avena pelada"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"grit"
],
"word": "grit"
}
Download raw JSONL data for grit meaning in English (26.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.