"grindstone" meaning in English

See grindstone in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈɡɹaɪn(d)ˌstəʊn/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈɡɹaɪn(d)ˌstoʊn/ [General-American], /ˈɡɹɪnˌstoʊn/ [obsolete] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-grindstone.wav [US] Forms: grindstones [plural]
Etymology: From Middle English grind-ston, grindistan, (also as grindel-ston), equivalent to grind + stone. Cognate with Scots grindstane. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|grind-ston}} Middle English grind-ston, {{m|enm|grindistan}} grindistan, {{m|enm|grindel-ston}} grindel-ston, {{compound|en|grind|stone}} grind + stone, {{cog|sco|grindstane}} Scots grindstane Head templates: {{en-noun}} grindstone (plural grindstones)
  1. An abrasive wheel for sharpening, polishing or grinding. Synonyms: millstone Translations (wheel for grinding): qostër [feminine] (Albanian), مِجْلَخَة (mijlaḵa) [feminine] (Arabic), جَلَّاخَة (jallāḵa) [feminine] (Arabic), مِسَنّ (misann) [masculine] (Arabic), точило (točilo) [neuter] (Bulgarian), точилен камък (točilen kamǎk) [masculine] (Bulgarian), mola [feminine] (Catalan), 磨石 (móshí) (Chinese Mandarin), 磨子 (mòzi) (Chinese Mandarin), (mò) (Chinese Mandarin), 磨刀石 (módāoshí) (Chinese Mandarin), 石磨 (shímò) (Chinese Mandarin), brusný kámen [masculine] (Czech), slijpsteen [masculine] (Dutch), b-n:nw-w*t-O39:Z2 (bnwt) [feminine] (Egyptian), tahko (Finnish), meule [feminine] (French), moa [feminine] (Galician), Schleifstein [masculine] (German), אֶבֶן מַשְׁחֶזֶת (éven mašḵézeṯ) (Hebrew), शाण (śāṇ) [masculine] (Hindi), köszörűkő (Hungarian), tahko (Ingrian), pöörä (Ingrian), mola [feminine] (Italian), 砥石 (toishi) (alt: といし) (Japanese), 磨石 (togiishi) (alt: とぎいし) (Japanese), 숫돌 (sutdol) (Korean), mola [feminine] (Latin), brus [masculine] (Lower Sorbian), точило (točilo) [neuter] (Macedonian), брус (brus) [masculine] (Macedonian), hōanga (Maori), grind-ston (Middle English), grindistan (Middle English), grindel-ston (Middle English), slipestein [masculine] (Norwegian), كوستره (küstere) (Ottoman Turkish), كستره (küstere) (Ottoman Turkish), Schliepsteen (nds) [masculine] (Plautdietsch), rebolo [masculine] (Portuguese), [feminine] (Portuguese), точи́льный ка́мень (točílʹnyj kámenʹ) [masculine] (Russian), точи́ло (točílo) [neuter] (Russian), брус (brus) [masculine] (Russian), осело́к (oselók) [masculine] (Russian), शाण (śāṇa) [masculine] (Sanskrit), शाणा (śāṇā) [feminine] (Sanskrit), жрвањ [Cyrillic, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), брус [Cyrillic, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), точило [Cyrillic, neuter] (Serbo-Croatian), žrvanj [Roman, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), brus [Roman, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), točilo [Roman, neuter] (Serbo-Croatian), muela [feminine] (Spanish), afiladora [feminine] (Spanish), esmoladera [feminine] (Spanish), slipsten [common-gender] (Swedish), kamanga (Tagalog), రుబ్బురాయి (rubburāyi) (Telugu), nyonyifi (Ternate), nyonyifi (Tidore), küstere (Turkish), köstere (Turkish), đá mài (Vietnamese)
    Sense id: en-grindstone-en-noun-PyhXFiUj Disambiguation of 'wheel for grinding': 85 15
  2. Synonym of starry flounder Categories (topical): Tools Synonyms: starry flounder [synonym, synonym-of]
    Sense id: en-grindstone-en-noun-QjztOzSc Disambiguation of Tools: 41 59 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 6 94
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: nose to the grindstone Related terms: millstone

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for grindstone meaning in English (11.0kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "nose to the grindstone"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "grind-ston"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English grind-ston",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "grindistan"
      },
      "expansion": "grindistan",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "grindel-ston"
      },
      "expansion": "grindel-ston",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grind",
        "3": "stone"
      },
      "expansion": "grind + stone",
      "name": "compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "grindstane"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots grindstane",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English grind-ston, grindistan, (also as grindel-ston), equivalent to grind + stone. Cognate with Scots grindstane.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "grindstones",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "grindstone (plural grindstones)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "millstone"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "An abrasive wheel for sharpening, polishing or grinding."
      ],
      "id": "en-grindstone-en-noun-PyhXFiUj",
      "links": [
        [
          "abrasive",
          "abrasive"
        ],
        [
          "wheel",
          "wheel"
        ],
        [
          "sharpening",
          "sharpening"
        ],
        [
          "polishing",
          "polishing"
        ],
        [
          "grinding",
          "grinding"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "millstone"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "qostër"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "mijlaḵa",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "مِجْلَخَة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "jallāḵa",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "جَلَّاخَة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "misann",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "مِسَنّ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "točilo",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "точило"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "točilen kamǎk",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "точилен камък"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "mola"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "móshí",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "磨石"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "mòzi",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "磨子"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "mò",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "磨"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "módāoshí",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "磨刀石"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "shímò",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "石磨"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "brusný kámen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "slijpsteen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "egy",
          "lang": "Egyptian",
          "roman": "bnwt",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "b-n:nw-w*t-O39:Z2"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "tahko"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "meule"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "moa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Schleifstein"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "éven mašḵézeṯ",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "אֶבֶן מַשְׁחֶזֶת"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "śāṇ",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "शाण"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "köszörűkő"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "izh",
          "lang": "Ingrian",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "tahko"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "izh",
          "lang": "Ingrian",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "pöörä"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "mola"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "alt": "といし",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "toishi",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "砥石"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "alt": "とぎいし",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "togiishi",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "磨石"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "sutdol",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "숫돌"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "mola"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "točilo",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "точило"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "brus",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "брус"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "hōanga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "enm",
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "grind-ston"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "enm",
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "grindistan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "enm",
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "grindel-ston"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "slipestein"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "pdt",
          "lang": "Plautdietsch",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Schliepsteen (nds)"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "rebolo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "mó"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "točílʹnyj kámenʹ",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "точи́льный ка́мень"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "točílo",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "точи́ло"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "brus",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "брус"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "oselók",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "осело́к"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "sa",
          "lang": "Sanskrit",
          "roman": "śāṇa",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "शाण"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "sa",
          "lang": "Sanskrit",
          "roman": "śāṇā",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "शाणा"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "жрвањ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "брус"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "точило"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "žrvanj"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "brus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "točilo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "dsb",
          "lang": "Lower Sorbian",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "brus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "muela"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "afiladora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "esmoladera"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "slipsten"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "kamanga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "te",
          "lang": "Telugu",
          "roman": "rubburāyi",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "రుబ్బురాయి"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "tft",
          "lang": "Ternate",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "nyonyifi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "tvo",
          "lang": "Tidore",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "nyonyifi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Modern Turkish"
          ],
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "küstere"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Modern Turkish"
          ],
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "köstere"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "ota",
          "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
          "roman": "küstere",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "كوستره"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "ota",
          "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
          "roman": "küstere",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "كستره"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 15",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "wheel for grinding",
          "word": "đá mài"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 94",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 59",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Tools",
          "orig": "en:Tools",
          "parents": [
            "Technology",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of starry flounder"
      ],
      "id": "en-grindstone-en-noun-QjztOzSc",
      "links": [
        [
          "starry flounder",
          "starry flounder#English"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "starry flounder"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹaɪn(d)ˌstəʊn/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹaɪn(d)ˌstoʊn/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹɪnˌstoʊn/",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-grindstone.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-grindstone.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-grindstone.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-grindstone.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-grindstone.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Grindstone (tool)"
  ],
  "word": "grindstone"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English compound terms",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "en:Tools"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "nose to the grindstone"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "grind-ston"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English grind-ston",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "grindistan"
      },
      "expansion": "grindistan",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "grindel-ston"
      },
      "expansion": "grindel-ston",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grind",
        "3": "stone"
      },
      "expansion": "grind + stone",
      "name": "compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "grindstane"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots grindstane",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English grind-ston, grindistan, (also as grindel-ston), equivalent to grind + stone. Cognate with Scots grindstane.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "grindstones",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "grindstone (plural grindstones)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "millstone"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "An abrasive wheel for sharpening, polishing or grinding."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "abrasive",
          "abrasive"
        ],
        [
          "wheel",
          "wheel"
        ],
        [
          "sharpening",
          "sharpening"
        ],
        [
          "polishing",
          "polishing"
        ],
        [
          "grinding",
          "grinding"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "millstone"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of starry flounder"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "starry flounder",
          "starry flounder#English"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "starry flounder"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹaɪn(d)ˌstəʊn/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹaɪn(d)ˌstoʊn/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹɪnˌstoʊn/",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-grindstone.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-grindstone.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-grindstone.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-grindstone.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-grindstone.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "qostër"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "mijlaḵa",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "مِجْلَخَة"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "jallāḵa",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "جَلَّاخَة"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "misann",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "مِسَنّ"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "točilo",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "точило"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "točilen kamǎk",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "точилен камък"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "mola"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "móshí",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "磨石"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "mòzi",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "磨子"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "mò",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "磨"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "módāoshí",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "磨刀石"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "shímò",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "石磨"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "brusný kámen"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "slijpsteen"
    },
    {
      "code": "egy",
      "lang": "Egyptian",
      "roman": "bnwt",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "b-n:nw-w*t-O39:Z2"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "tahko"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "meule"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "moa"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Schleifstein"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "éven mašḵézeṯ",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "אֶבֶן מַשְׁחֶזֶת"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "śāṇ",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "शाण"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "köszörűkő"
    },
    {
      "code": "izh",
      "lang": "Ingrian",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "tahko"
    },
    {
      "code": "izh",
      "lang": "Ingrian",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "pöörä"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "mola"
    },
    {
      "alt": "といし",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "toishi",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "砥石"
    },
    {
      "alt": "とぎいし",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "togiishi",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "磨石"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "sutdol",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "숫돌"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "mola"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "točilo",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "точило"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "brus",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "брус"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "hōanga"
    },
    {
      "code": "enm",
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "grind-ston"
    },
    {
      "code": "enm",
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "grindistan"
    },
    {
      "code": "enm",
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "grindel-ston"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "slipestein"
    },
    {
      "code": "pdt",
      "lang": "Plautdietsch",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Schliepsteen (nds)"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "rebolo"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "mó"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "točílʹnyj kámenʹ",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "точи́льный ка́мень"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "točílo",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "точи́ло"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "brus",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "брус"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "oselók",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "осело́к"
    },
    {
      "code": "sa",
      "lang": "Sanskrit",
      "roman": "śāṇa",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "शाण"
    },
    {
      "code": "sa",
      "lang": "Sanskrit",
      "roman": "śāṇā",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "शाणा"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "жрвањ"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "брус"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "точило"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "žrvanj"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "brus"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "točilo"
    },
    {
      "code": "dsb",
      "lang": "Lower Sorbian",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "brus"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "muela"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "afiladora"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "esmoladera"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "slipsten"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "kamanga"
    },
    {
      "code": "te",
      "lang": "Telugu",
      "roman": "rubburāyi",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "రుబ్బురాయి"
    },
    {
      "code": "tft",
      "lang": "Ternate",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "nyonyifi"
    },
    {
      "code": "tvo",
      "lang": "Tidore",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "nyonyifi"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Modern Turkish"
      ],
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "küstere"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Modern Turkish"
      ],
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "köstere"
    },
    {
      "code": "ota",
      "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
      "roman": "küstere",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "كوستره"
    },
    {
      "code": "ota",
      "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
      "roman": "küstere",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "كستره"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "wheel for grinding",
      "word": "đá mài"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Grindstone (tool)"
  ],
  "word": "grindstone"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.