See exist in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for exist meaning in English (18.0kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "cease"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "unexist"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "void"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "exister"
},
"expansion": "French exister",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "exsisto",
"4": "existō, exsistō",
"5": "I am, I exist, appear, arise"
},
"expansion": "Latin existō, exsistō (“I am, I exist, appear, arise”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ex",
"3": "",
"4": "out"
},
"expansion": "ex (“out”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sisto",
"3": "sistere",
"4": "to set, place"
},
"expansion": "sistere (“to set, place”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "stō",
"3": "stare",
"4": "to stand, to be stood"
},
"expansion": "stare (“to stand, to be stood”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stísteh₂ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stísteh₂ti",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*steh₂-",
"3": "",
"4": "stand"
},
"expansion": "*steh₂- (“stand”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "stand"
},
"expansion": "stand",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "assist"
},
"expansion": "assist",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "consist"
},
"expansion": "consist",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "desist"
},
"expansion": "desist",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "insist"
},
"expansion": "insist",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "persist"
},
"expansion": "persist",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "resist"
},
"expansion": "resist",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "existir"
},
"expansion": "Spanish existir",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "exister"
},
"expansion": "French exister",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "esistere"
},
"expansion": "Italian esistere",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "existieren"
},
"expansion": "German existieren",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French exister, from Latin existō, exsistō (“I am, I exist, appear, arise”), from ex (“out”) + sistere (“to set, place”) (related to stare (“to stand, to be stood”)), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *stísteh₂ti, from the root *steh₂- (“stand”); see stand. Compare assist, consist, desist, insist, persist, resist. Cognate with Spanish existir, French exister, Italian esistere, German existieren.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "exists",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "existing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "existed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "existed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "exist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "exist (third-person singular simple present exists, present participle existing, simple past and past participle existed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "coexist"
},
{
"word": "preexist"
},
{
"word": "there exist"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012, The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard: Version 6.1 – Core Specification, page 12",
"text": "Various relationships may exist between character and glyph: […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard: Version 6.1 – Core Specification, page 19",
"text": "[…], regardless of whether those characters also existed in other character encoding standards.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard: Version 6.1 – Core Specification, page 55",
"text": "[…], which will be treated either as an update of the existing character encoding or as a completely new character encoding.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "June 30 2021, Tim Dunn, “How we made... Secrets of the London Underground”, in RAIL, number 934, page 50",
"text": "While you see some of our exploration on camera, I also spent many happy hours between shoots with Chris Nix, digging out dozens of wonderful plans, maps and drawings of projects that I never knew existed, and some that never did exist.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be; have existence; have being or reality"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "breathe"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "live"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "subsist"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "happen"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "occur"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "be the case"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "obtain"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "appear"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "arise"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "come into being"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "emerge"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"tags": [
"idiomatic"
],
"word": "pop up"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "spring to life"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "surface"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "bring forth"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "create"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "forthbring"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "generate"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "innate"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "produce"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "abide"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "continue"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "endure"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "last"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "persist"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "prevail"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "remain"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "stand"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "stay"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "survive"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "reappear"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"topics": [
"video-games"
],
"word": "respawn"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "resume"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "coexist"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"topics": [
"philosophy",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "perdure"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "postexist"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "preexist"
}
],
"id": "exist-en-verb-RvnO9QPd",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"existence",
"existence"
],
[
"reality",
"reality"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, stative) to be; have existence; have being or reality"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "existence"
},
{
"word": "existent"
},
{
"word": "existential"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "there be"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "there exist"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "existence"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "existent"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "entity"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "be"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "be"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "be a thing"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "consist"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "exist"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"stative"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bestaan"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "ekzistoj"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "wujida",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "وُجِدَ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "goyutʿyun unenal",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "գոյություն ունենալ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "linel",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "լինել"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "esistir"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existir"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "var olmaq"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "mövcüd olmaq"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "isnavácʹ",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "існава́ць"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎštestvuvam",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "съществувам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existir"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "cyun⁴ zoi⁶",
"sense": "to be",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "存在"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Mandarin Chinese",
"roman": "cúnzài",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "存在"
},
{
"code": "nan",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "chûn-chāi / chûn-chǎi",
"sense": "to be",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "存在"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "být"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existovat"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "eksistere"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bestå"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bestaan"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "wnn"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "ekzisti"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "eksisteerima"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "olemas olema"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "olelema"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "vera"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "vera til"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "finnast"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "olla"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "olla olemassa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "exister"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existir"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "arseboba",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "არსებობა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bestehen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existieren"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ypárcho",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "υπάρχω"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "yfístamai",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "υφίσταμαι"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "hupárkhō",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "ὑπάρχω"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "zindā honā",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "ज़िन्दा होना"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "van"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "létezik"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "él"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existar"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "exister"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bí ann"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "esistere"
},
{
"alt": "そんざいする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sonzai suru",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "存在する"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "bar bolu",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "бар болу"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "mien",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "មាន"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jonjaehada",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "존재(存在)하다"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "bar boluu",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "бар болуу"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "egzistir"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "exsistō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "sum"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "exsto"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "consto"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "exto"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "compareo"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "eksistēt"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "pastāvēt"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "egzistíra",
"sense": "to be",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "егзисти́ра"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "postoi",
"sense": "to be",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "постои"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "wujud"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "eżista"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "tiari"
},
{
"code": "nci",
"lang": "Nahuatl",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "oncah"
},
{
"code": "nci",
"lang": "Nahuatl",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "cah"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "eksistere"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bestå"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existir"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "wesan"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bēon"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "zistan",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "زیستن"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "vojud dâštan",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "وجود داشتن"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "هستادن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "istnieć"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "egzystować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existir"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "kay"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "exista"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "suščestvovátʹ",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "существова́ть"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "exeest"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "póstojati"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "egzistírati"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "òpstojati"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bȉvstvovati"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "jestvovať"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existovať"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to be",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "obstajati"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existir"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existera"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bestå"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "zistan",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "зистан"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "vujud doštan",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "вуҷуд доштан"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "iru",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "இரு"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "mii-yùu",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "มีอยู่"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "var olmak"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "isnuváty",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "існува́ти"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "mavjud boʻlmoq"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bor boʻlmoq"
},
{
"alt": "存在",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "tồn tại"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "dabinön"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bodoli"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "eksistirn",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "עקסיסטירן"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "to be",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "estin"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "to be",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estey"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛɡˈzɪst/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪɡˈzɪst/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-exist.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-exist.ogg/En-us-exist.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-exist.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪst"
}
],
"word": "exist"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "cease"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "unexist"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "void"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "coexist"
},
{
"word": "preexist"
},
{
"word": "there exist"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "exister"
},
"expansion": "French exister",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "exsisto",
"4": "existō, exsistō",
"5": "I am, I exist, appear, arise"
},
"expansion": "Latin existō, exsistō (“I am, I exist, appear, arise”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ex",
"3": "",
"4": "out"
},
"expansion": "ex (“out”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sisto",
"3": "sistere",
"4": "to set, place"
},
"expansion": "sistere (“to set, place”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "stō",
"3": "stare",
"4": "to stand, to be stood"
},
"expansion": "stare (“to stand, to be stood”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stísteh₂ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stísteh₂ti",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*steh₂-",
"3": "",
"4": "stand"
},
"expansion": "*steh₂- (“stand”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "stand"
},
"expansion": "stand",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "assist"
},
"expansion": "assist",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "consist"
},
"expansion": "consist",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "desist"
},
"expansion": "desist",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "insist"
},
"expansion": "insist",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "persist"
},
"expansion": "persist",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "resist"
},
"expansion": "resist",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "existir"
},
"expansion": "Spanish existir",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "exister"
},
"expansion": "French exister",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "esistere"
},
"expansion": "Italian esistere",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "existieren"
},
"expansion": "German existieren",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French exister, from Latin existō, exsistō (“I am, I exist, appear, arise”), from ex (“out”) + sistere (“to set, place”) (related to stare (“to stand, to be stood”)), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *stísteh₂ti, from the root *steh₂- (“stand”); see stand. Compare assist, consist, desist, insist, persist, resist. Cognate with Spanish existir, French exister, Italian esistere, German existieren.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "exists",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "existing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "existed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "existed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "exist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "exist (third-person singular simple present exists, present participle existing, simple past and past participle existed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "breathe"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "live"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "subsist"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "happen"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "occur"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "be the case"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "obtain"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "appear"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "arise"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "come into being"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "emerge"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"tags": [
"idiomatic"
],
"word": "pop up"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "spring to life"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "surface"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "bring forth"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "create"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "forthbring"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "generate"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "innate"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "produce"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "abide"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "continue"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "endure"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "last"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "persist"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "prevail"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "remain"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "stand"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "stay"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "survive"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "reappear"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"topics": [
"video-games"
],
"word": "respawn"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "resume"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "coexist"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"topics": [
"philosophy",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "perdure"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "postexist"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "preexist"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "existence"
},
{
"word": "existent"
},
{
"word": "existential"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "there be"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "there exist"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "existence"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "existent"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "entity"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English intransitive verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English stative verbs",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with quotations",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Tamil translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɪst",
"Rhymes:English/ɪst/2 syllables",
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Terms with redundant transliterations/cmn",
"Terms with redundant transliterations/yue"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012, The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard: Version 6.1 – Core Specification, page 12",
"text": "Various relationships may exist between character and glyph: […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard: Version 6.1 – Core Specification, page 19",
"text": "[…], regardless of whether those characters also existed in other character encoding standards.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard: Version 6.1 – Core Specification, page 55",
"text": "[…], which will be treated either as an update of the existing character encoding or as a completely new character encoding.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "June 30 2021, Tim Dunn, “How we made... Secrets of the London Underground”, in RAIL, number 934, page 50",
"text": "While you see some of our exploration on camera, I also spent many happy hours between shoots with Chris Nix, digging out dozens of wonderful plans, maps and drawings of projects that I never knew existed, and some that never did exist.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be; have existence; have being or reality"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"existence",
"existence"
],
[
"reality",
"reality"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, stative) to be; have existence; have being or reality"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"stative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛɡˈzɪst/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪɡˈzɪst/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-exist.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-exist.ogg/En-us-exist.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-exist.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪst"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "be"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "be"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "be a thing"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "consist"
},
{
"sense": "to have being or reality",
"source": "Thesaurus:exist",
"word": "exist"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bestaan"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "ekzistoj"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "wujida",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "وُجِدَ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "goyutʿyun unenal",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "գոյություն ունենալ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "linel",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "լինել"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "esistir"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existir"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "var olmaq"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "mövcüd olmaq"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "isnavácʹ",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "існава́ць"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎštestvuvam",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "съществувам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existir"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "cyun⁴ zoi⁶",
"sense": "to be",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "存在"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Mandarin Chinese",
"roman": "cúnzài",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "存在"
},
{
"code": "nan",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "chûn-chāi / chûn-chǎi",
"sense": "to be",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "存在"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "být"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existovat"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "eksistere"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bestå"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bestaan"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "wnn"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "ekzisti"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "eksisteerima"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "olemas olema"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "olelema"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "vera"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "vera til"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "finnast"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "olla"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "olla olemassa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "exister"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existir"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "arseboba",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "არსებობა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bestehen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existieren"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ypárcho",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "υπάρχω"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "yfístamai",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "υφίσταμαι"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "hupárkhō",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "ὑπάρχω"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "zindā honā",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "ज़िन्दा होना"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "van"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "létezik"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "él"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existar"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "exister"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bí ann"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "esistere"
},
{
"alt": "そんざいする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sonzai suru",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "存在する"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "bar bolu",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "бар болу"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "mien",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "មាន"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jonjaehada",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "존재(存在)하다"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "bar boluu",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "бар болуу"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "egzistir"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "exsistō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "sum"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "exsto"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "consto"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "exto"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "compareo"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "eksistēt"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "pastāvēt"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "egzistíra",
"sense": "to be",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "егзисти́ра"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "postoi",
"sense": "to be",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "постои"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "wujud"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "eżista"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "tiari"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "tiari"
},
{
"code": "nci",
"lang": "Nahuatl",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "oncah"
},
{
"code": "nci",
"lang": "Nahuatl",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "cah"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "eksistere"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bestå"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existir"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "wesan"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bēon"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "zistan",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "زیستن"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "vojud dâštan",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "وجود داشتن"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "هستادن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "istnieć"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "egzystować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existir"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "kay"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "exista"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "suščestvovátʹ",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "существова́ть"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "exeest"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "póstojati"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "egzistírati"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "òpstojati"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bȉvstvovati"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "jestvovať"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existovať"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to be",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "obstajati"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existir"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "existera"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bestå"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "zistan",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "зистан"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "vujud doštan",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "вуҷуд доштан"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "iru",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "இரு"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "mii-yùu",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "มีอยู่"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "var olmak"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "isnuváty",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "існува́ти"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "mavjud boʻlmoq"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bor boʻlmoq"
},
{
"alt": "存在",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "tồn tại"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "dabinön"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "bodoli"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "eksistirn",
"sense": "to be",
"word": "עקסיסטירן"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "to be",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "estin"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "to be",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estey"
}
],
"word": "exist"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </sup>",
"path": [
"exist"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "exist",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </sup>",
"path": [
"exist"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "exist",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </sup>",
"path": [
"exist"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "exist",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </sup>",
"path": [
"exist"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "exist",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2023-09-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2023-09-20 using wiktextract (36a61fd and 1dc4930).
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.
The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.