See bestaan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bestand"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "bestaan"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: bestaan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: bestaan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "bestaan"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: bestaan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: bestaan"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "bestaen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bestaen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "be",
"3": "staan"
},
"expansion": "be- + staan",
"name": "prefix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch bestaen. Equivalent to be- + staan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "irregular strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "6",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "besta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestond",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "besta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestond",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestond",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestondt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestondt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bestond",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bestonden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "besta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bestonde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bestonden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "besta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaand",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bestaan",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"be‧staan"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sta",
"2": "stond",
"3": "staan",
"4": "sta",
"class": "6",
"pref": "be"
},
"name": "nl-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 22 25 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch prefixed verbs with be-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I think therefore I am.",
"text": "Ik denk, dus ik besta.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to exist, to be"
],
"id": "en-bestaan-nl-verb-waRobv82",
"links": [
[
"exist",
"exist"
],
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to exist, to be"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 22 25 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch prefixed verbs with be-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch terms prefixed with be-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Petroleum is a fossil fuel consisting of hydrocarbon chains.",
"text": "Aardolie is een fossiele brandstof bestaande uit ketens van koolwaterstoffen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to consist, to be made"
],
"id": "en-bestaan-nl-verb-HsnA0jVg",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": ":uit<out of>"
},
"expansion": "[with uit ‘out of’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"uit",
"‘out",
"of’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"consist",
"consist"
],
[
"made",
"make"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to consist, to be made [with uit ‘out of’]"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bəˈstaːn/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-bestaan.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/Nl-bestaan.ogg/Nl-bestaan.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Nl-bestaan.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːn"
}
],
"word": "bestaan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "bestaan"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: bestaan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: bestaan"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Gerund of the verb bestaan.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "bestaan n (uncountable)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"be‧staan"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 22 25 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"existence"
],
"id": "en-bestaan-nl-noun-ImaeONww",
"links": [
[
"existence",
"existence"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bəˈstaːn/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-bestaan.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/Nl-bestaan.ogg/Nl-bestaan.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Nl-bestaan.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːn"
}
],
"word": "bestaan"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"hyphenation": [
"be‧staan"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Forms linking to themselves",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "30 22 25 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "bestaan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past participle of bestaan"
],
"id": "en-bestaan-nl-verb-GnXAzg88",
"links": [
[
"bestaan",
"bestaan#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bəˈstaːn/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-bestaan.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/Nl-bestaan.ogg/Nl-bestaan.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Nl-bestaan.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːn"
}
],
"word": "bestaan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch autological terms",
"Dutch class 6 strong verbs",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch irregular strong verbs",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch non-adjectival past participles",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch past participles",
"Dutch prefixed verbs",
"Dutch prefixed verbs with be-",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms prefixed with be-",
"Dutch verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːn",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːn/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bestand"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "bestaan"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: bestaan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: bestaan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "bestaan"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: bestaan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: bestaan"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "bestaen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bestaen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "be",
"3": "staan"
},
"expansion": "be- + staan",
"name": "prefix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch bestaen. Equivalent to be- + staan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "irregular strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "6",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "besta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestond",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "besta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestond",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestond",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestondt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestondt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bestond",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bestonden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "besta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bestonde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bestonden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "besta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaand",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bestaan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bestaan",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"be‧staan"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sta",
"2": "stond",
"3": "staan",
"4": "sta",
"class": "6",
"pref": "be"
},
"name": "nl-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch intransitive verbs",
"Dutch terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I think therefore I am.",
"text": "Ik denk, dus ik besta.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to exist, to be"
],
"links": [
[
"exist",
"exist"
],
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to exist, to be"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch intransitive verbs",
"Dutch terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Petroleum is a fossil fuel consisting of hydrocarbon chains.",
"text": "Aardolie is een fossiele brandstof bestaande uit ketens van koolwaterstoffen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to consist, to be made"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": ":uit<out of>"
},
"expansion": "[with uit ‘out of’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"uit",
"‘out",
"of’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"consist",
"consist"
],
[
"made",
"make"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to consist, to be made [with uit ‘out of’]"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bəˈstaːn/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-bestaan.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/Nl-bestaan.ogg/Nl-bestaan.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Nl-bestaan.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːn"
}
],
"word": "bestaan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch autological terms",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch neuter nouns",
"Dutch non-adjectival past participles",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch past participles",
"Dutch uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːn",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːn/2 syllables"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "bestaan"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: bestaan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: bestaan"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Gerund of the verb bestaan.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "bestaan n (uncountable)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"be‧staan"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"existence"
],
"links": [
[
"existence",
"existence"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bəˈstaːn/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-bestaan.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/Nl-bestaan.ogg/Nl-bestaan.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Nl-bestaan.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːn"
}
],
"word": "bestaan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch autological terms",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch non-adjectival past participles",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch past participles",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːn",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːn/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"hyphenation": [
"be‧staan"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch past participles",
"Forms linking to themselves"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "bestaan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past participle of bestaan"
],
"links": [
[
"bestaan",
"bestaan#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bəˈstaːn/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-bestaan.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/Nl-bestaan.ogg/Nl-bestaan.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Nl-bestaan.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːn"
}
],
"word": "bestaan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bestaan meaning in Dutch (7.7kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: not used adjectivally",
"path": [
"bestaan"
],
"section": "Dutch",
"subsection": "participle",
"title": "bestaan",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.