See dare in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for dare meaning in English (37.1kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "daredevil"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "daren't"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "daresay"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dare say"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dare-say"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dare-saying"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "daresn't"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "daring"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dassn't"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dasn't"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "double dare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "double dog dare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "how dare you"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "how very dare you"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "I dare be bound"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "overdare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "triple dog dare"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰers-"
},
"expansion": "[Template:root]",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "durren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English durren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "durran"
},
"expansion": "Old English durran",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*durʀan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *durʀan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*durzaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to dare"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *durzaną (“to dare”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰedʰórse",
"4": "",
"5": "to dare"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰedʰórse (“to dare”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰers-",
"3": "",
"4": "to be bold, to dare"
},
"expansion": "*dʰers- (“to be bold, to dare”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰer-",
"3": "",
"4": "to hold, support"
},
"expansion": "*dʰer- (“to hold, support”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "dören"
},
"expansion": "Low German dören",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "durven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch durven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "turren"
},
"expansion": "German turren",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दधर्ष",
"tr": "dadhárṣa"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit दधर्ष (dadhárṣa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "θρασύς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek θρασύς (thrasús)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "nder"
},
"expansion": "Albanian nder",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "drįsti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian drįsti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "дерза́ть"
},
"expansion": "Russian дерза́ть (derzátʹ)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English durren, from Old English durran, from Proto-West Germanic *durʀan, from Proto-Germanic *durzaną (“to dare”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰedʰórse (“to dare”), reduplicated stative of the root *dʰers- (“to be bold, to dare”), an *-s- extension of *dʰer- (“to hold, support”).\nCognates\nCognate with Low German dören, Dutch durven, German turren, Sanskrit दधर्ष (dadhárṣa), but also with Ancient Greek θρασύς (thrasús), Albanian nder, Lithuanian drįsti, Russian дерза́ть (derzátʹ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dare",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dares",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dast",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "daring",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dared",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dared",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "durst",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "durst",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dare",
"2": "daring",
"3": "dared",
"past2": "durst",
"past2_qual": "archaic",
"past_ptc2": "durst",
"past_ptc2_qual": "archaic",
"pres_3sg2": "dares",
"pres_3sg3": "dast",
"pres_3sg3_qual": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "dare (third-person singular simple present dare or dares or (archaic) dast, present participle daring, simple past and past participle dared or (archaic) durst)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I wouldn't dare (to) argue with my boss.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1832, Thomas Macaulay, Parliamentary Reform",
"text": "Why then did not the ministers use their new law? Because they durst not, because they could not.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To have enough courage (to do something)."
],
"id": "en-dare-en-verb-qYZOlziC",
"links": [
[
"courage",
"courage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To have enough courage (to do something)."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "durf"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jaruʔa",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "جَرُؤَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "cutedz"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "dãldãsescu"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "cãidisescu"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "dãvrãnsescu"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "cəsarət etmək"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "ausartu"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "smjecʹ",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "смець"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "advážvacca",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "адва́жвацца"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "advážycca",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "адва́жыцца"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smeja",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "смея"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "drǎzvam",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "дръзвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "gosar"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "atrevir-se"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "káⁿ"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gǎn",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "敢"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "膽敢"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dǎngǎn",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "胆敢"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "odvážit se"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "troufat si"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "turde"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "vove"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "durven"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "wagen"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "aŭdaci"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "uskaltaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "oser"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "olsâ"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "wagen"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "gadaursan",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "anananþjan",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "tolmó",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "τολμώ"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "tolmáō",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "τολμάω"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "he'éz",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "הֵעֵז"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "mer"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "merészel"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "audacar"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "osar"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "leomh"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "osare"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "azzardarsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"alt": "あえてする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "aete-suru",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "敢えてする"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"alt": "おもいきってする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "omoikitte-suru",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "思い切ってする"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "wêrîn"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "audeō"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "drīkstēt"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "berani"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "zdj",
"lang": "Ngazidja Comorian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "usuɓuti"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "frr",
"lang": "North Frisian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"Föhr-Amrum"
],
"word": "däär"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "frr",
"lang": "North Frisian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"Mooring"
],
"word": "döre"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "våge"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "ausar"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"roman": "drŭznǫti",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "дръзнѫти"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "durran"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "jor'at kardan",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "جرأت کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "śmieć"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "odważać się"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odważyć się"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "ousar"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "atrever-se a"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "îndrăzni"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "încumeta"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "cuteza"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smetʹ",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "сметь"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "posmétʹ",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "посме́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "osmélivatʹsja",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "осме́ливаться"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "osmélitʹsja",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "осме́литься"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otváživatʹsja",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "отва́живаться"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otvážitʹsja",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отва́житься"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "derzátʹ",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дерза́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "derznútʹ",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "дерзну́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "dhṛṣṇoti",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "धृष्णोति"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "attriviri"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "si",
"lang": "Sinhalese",
"roman": "nirbhīta",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "නිර්භීත"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "odvážiť sa"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "upati si"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "osar"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "atreverse"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "animarse"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "-thubutu"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "våga"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "töras"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "tordas"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "smíty",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "смі́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "derzáty",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дерза́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "navážuvatysja",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "нава́жуватися"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "navážytysja",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "нава́житися"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "olsar"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "onsar"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "dám"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 2 36 5 3",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "doare"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 18 18 7 1 2 14 4 1 11 11 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Directives",
"orig": "en:Directives",
"parents": [
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I dare you to kiss that girl.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To defy or challenge (someone to do something)"
],
"id": "en-dare-en-verb-e~kOQpJi",
"links": [
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To defy or challenge (someone to do something)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "daag"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "uitdaag"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "taḥaddā",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "تَحَدَّى"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predizvikvam",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "предизвиквам"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "vyzvat"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "uitdagen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "tarten"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "haastaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "défier"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "herausfordern"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "trotzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "kihív"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "fogad, hogy X nem mer"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "biztat"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "bujtogat"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "provokál"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "defiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "tabhair dúshlán"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "sfidare"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "audeō"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "cabar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "utfordre"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wyzywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wyzwać"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "desafiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "brosátʹ výzov",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "броса́ть вы́зов"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podzadórivatʹ",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "подзадо́ривать"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podzadóritʹ",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "подзадо́рить"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "desafiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "retar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "utmana"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "thách"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "beiddio"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 2 2",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "meiddio"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Will you dare death to reach your goal?"
},
{
"ref": "1886, Clarence King, The Century",
"text": "To wrest it from barbarism, to dare its solitudes.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To have enough courage to meet or do something, go somewhere, etc.; to face up to"
],
"id": "en-dare-en-verb-bHPfa~uK",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To have enough courage to meet or do something, go somewhere, etc.; to face up to"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "waag"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "wājaha",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "وَاجَهَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "osmeljavam se",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "осмелявам се"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "冒險"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "màoxiǎn",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "冒险"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "riskovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "odvažovat se"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "riskeren"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "wagen"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "uhmata"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "affronter"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "riskieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "dacol"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "affrontare"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"alt": "おかす",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "okasu",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "冒す"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"alt": "こたえる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kotaeru",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "堪える"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "audeo"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "risikere"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "jor'at dâštan",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "جرأت داشتن"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ośmielać się"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ośmielić się"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "enfrentar"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smélo smotrétʹ v licó",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "сме́ло смотре́ть в лицо́"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "riskovátʹ",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "рискова́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "risknútʹ",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "рискну́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "afrontar"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "enfrentar"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 83 4 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "riskera"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To terrify; to daunt."
],
"id": "en-dare-en-verb--4DS29j-",
"links": [
[
"terrify",
"terrify"
],
[
"daunt",
"daunt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To terrify; to daunt."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 19 27 5 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 10 3 2 5 10 2 13 23 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 18 18 7 1 2 14 4 1 11 11 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Directives",
"orig": "en:Directives",
"parents": [
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To catch (larks) by producing terror through the use of mirrors, scarlet cloth, a hawk, etc., so that they lie still till a net is thrown over them."
],
"id": "en-dare-en-verb-IXXx-F92",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To catch (larks) by producing terror through the use of mirrors, scarlet cloth, a hawk, etc., so that they lie still till a net is thrown over them."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɛə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɛ(ə)ɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dare.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/En-us-dare.ogg/En-us-dare.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/En-us-dare.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dare"
],
"word": "dare"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "dairous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "dareful"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰers-"
},
"expansion": "[Template:root]",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "durren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English durren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "durran"
},
"expansion": "Old English durran",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*durʀan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *durʀan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*durzaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to dare"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *durzaną (“to dare”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰedʰórse",
"4": "",
"5": "to dare"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰedʰórse (“to dare”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰers-",
"3": "",
"4": "to be bold, to dare"
},
"expansion": "*dʰers- (“to be bold, to dare”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰer-",
"3": "",
"4": "to hold, support"
},
"expansion": "*dʰer- (“to hold, support”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "dören"
},
"expansion": "Low German dören",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "durven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch durven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "turren"
},
"expansion": "German turren",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दधर्ष",
"tr": "dadhárṣa"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit दधर्ष (dadhárṣa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "θρασύς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek θρασύς (thrasús)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "nder"
},
"expansion": "Albanian nder",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "drįsti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian drįsti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "дерза́ть"
},
"expansion": "Russian дерза́ть (derzátʹ)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English durren, from Old English durran, from Proto-West Germanic *durʀan, from Proto-Germanic *durzaną (“to dare”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰedʰórse (“to dare”), reduplicated stative of the root *dʰers- (“to be bold, to dare”), an *-s- extension of *dʰer- (“to hold, support”).\nCognates\nCognate with Low German dören, Dutch durven, German turren, Sanskrit दधर्ष (dadhárṣa), but also with Ancient Greek θρασύς (thrasús), Albanian nder, Lithuanian drįsti, Russian дерза́ть (derzátʹ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dares",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dare (plural dares)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 18 18 7 1 2 14 4 1 11 11 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Directives",
"orig": "en:Directives",
"parents": [
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A challenge to prove courage."
],
"id": "en-dare-en-noun-JJnoxvPU",
"links": [
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
],
[
"courage",
"courage"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 10 3 2 5 10 2 13 23 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 32 7 10 2 6 21 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 18 18 7 1 2 14 4 1 11 11 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Directives",
"orig": "en:Directives",
"parents": [
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The quality of daring; venturesomeness; boldness."
],
"id": "en-dare-en-noun-pHP4EwVP",
"links": [
[
"daring",
"daring"
],
[
"venturesomeness",
"venturesomeness"
],
[
"boldness",
"boldness"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 18 18 7 1 2 14 4 1 11 11 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Directives",
"orig": "en:Directives",
"parents": [
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Defiance; challenge."
],
"id": "en-dare-en-noun-YSvq2YdL",
"links": [
[
"Defiance",
"defiance"
],
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "33 3 59 4",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "uitdaging"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 3 59 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predizvikatelstvo",
"sense": "a challenge",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "предизвикателство"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 3 59 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a challenge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "uitdaging"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 3 59 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "haaste"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 3 59 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a challenge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "défi"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 3 59 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "Mutprobe"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 3 59 4",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "jurit malam"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 3 59 4",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "defia"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 3 59 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a challenge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dúshlán"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 3 59 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a challenge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sfida"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 3 59 4",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kimodameshi",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "肝試し"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 3 59 4",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shitankai",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "試胆会"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 3 59 4",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "utfordring"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 3 59 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "desafio"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 3 59 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "desafío"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 3 59 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "reto"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Games",
"orig": "en:Games",
"parents": [
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "When asked truth or dare, she picked dare.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In the game truth or dare, the choice to perform a dare set by the other players."
],
"id": "en-dare-en-noun-fPQF~gWa",
"links": [
[
"games",
"game#Noun"
],
[
"truth or dare",
"truth or dare"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(games) In the game truth or dare, the choice to perform a dare set by the other players."
],
"topics": [
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɛə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɛ(ə)ɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dare.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/En-us-dare.ogg/En-us-dare.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/En-us-dare.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dare"
],
"word": "dare"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "darian"
},
"expansion": "Old English darian",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English, from Old English darian.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dares",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "daring",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dared",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dared",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dare (third-person singular simple present dares, present participle daring, simple past and past participle dared)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 15 5 12 2 2 4 7 1 11 37 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 10 3 2 5 10 2 13 23 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 18 18 7 1 2 14 4 1 11 11 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Directives",
"orig": "en:Directives",
"parents": [
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To stare stupidly or vacantly; to gaze as though amazed or terrified."
],
"id": "en-dare-en-verb-8dHHLZTu",
"links": [
[
"stare",
"stare"
],
[
"gaze",
"gaze"
],
[
"amazed",
"amazed"
],
[
"terrified",
"terrified"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To stare stupidly or vacantly; to gaze as though amazed or terrified."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To lie or crouch down in fear."
],
"id": "en-dare-en-verb-Uu4hY8Ie",
"links": [
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"crouch",
"crouch"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To lie or crouch down in fear."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɛə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɛ(ə)ɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dare.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/En-us-dare.ogg/En-us-dare.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/En-us-dare.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dare"
],
"word": "dare"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "dares",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dare (plural dares)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 14 3 7 46 1 1 3 1 8 14 1",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Leuciscine fish",
"orig": "en:Leuciscine fish",
"parents": [
"Cyprinids",
"Fish",
"Otocephalan fish",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1766, Richard Brookes, The art of angling, rock and sea-fishing",
"text": "The Dare is not unlike a Chub, but proportionably less; his Body is more white and flatter, and his Tail more forked.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small fish, the dace"
],
"id": "en-dare-en-noun-Ehzz8MCJ",
"links": [
[
"dace",
"dace"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɛə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɛ(ə)ɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dare.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/En-us-dare.ogg/En-us-dare.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/En-us-dare.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dare"
],
"word": "dare"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"English modal verbs",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰers-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Esperanto translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɛə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɛə(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"en:Directives",
"en:Leuciscine fish"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "daredevil"
},
{
"word": "daren't"
},
{
"word": "daresay"
},
{
"word": "dare say"
},
{
"word": "dare-say"
},
{
"word": "dare-saying"
},
{
"word": "daresn't"
},
{
"word": "daring"
},
{
"word": "dassn't"
},
{
"word": "dasn't"
},
{
"word": "double dare"
},
{
"word": "double dog dare"
},
{
"word": "how dare you"
},
{
"word": "how very dare you"
},
{
"word": "I dare be bound"
},
{
"word": "overdare"
},
{
"word": "triple dog dare"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰers-"
},
"expansion": "[Template:root]",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "durren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English durren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "durran"
},
"expansion": "Old English durran",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*durʀan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *durʀan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*durzaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to dare"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *durzaną (“to dare”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰedʰórse",
"4": "",
"5": "to dare"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰedʰórse (“to dare”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰers-",
"3": "",
"4": "to be bold, to dare"
},
"expansion": "*dʰers- (“to be bold, to dare”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰer-",
"3": "",
"4": "to hold, support"
},
"expansion": "*dʰer- (“to hold, support”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "dören"
},
"expansion": "Low German dören",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "durven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch durven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "turren"
},
"expansion": "German turren",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दधर्ष",
"tr": "dadhárṣa"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit दधर्ष (dadhárṣa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "θρασύς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek θρασύς (thrasús)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "nder"
},
"expansion": "Albanian nder",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "drįsti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian drįsti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "дерза́ть"
},
"expansion": "Russian дерза́ть (derzátʹ)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English durren, from Old English durran, from Proto-West Germanic *durʀan, from Proto-Germanic *durzaną (“to dare”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰedʰórse (“to dare”), reduplicated stative of the root *dʰers- (“to be bold, to dare”), an *-s- extension of *dʰer- (“to hold, support”).\nCognates\nCognate with Low German dören, Dutch durven, German turren, Sanskrit दधर्ष (dadhárṣa), but also with Ancient Greek θρασύς (thrasús), Albanian nder, Lithuanian drįsti, Russian дерза́ть (derzátʹ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dare",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dares",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dast",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "daring",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dared",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dared",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "durst",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "durst",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dare",
"2": "daring",
"3": "dared",
"past2": "durst",
"past2_qual": "archaic",
"past_ptc2": "durst",
"past_ptc2_qual": "archaic",
"pres_3sg2": "dares",
"pres_3sg3": "dast",
"pres_3sg3_qual": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "dare (third-person singular simple present dare or dares or (archaic) dast, present participle daring, simple past and past participle dared or (archaic) durst)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I wouldn't dare (to) argue with my boss.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1832, Thomas Macaulay, Parliamentary Reform",
"text": "Why then did not the ministers use their new law? Because they durst not, because they could not.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To have enough courage (to do something)."
],
"links": [
[
"courage",
"courage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To have enough courage (to do something)."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I dare you to kiss that girl.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To defy or challenge (someone to do something)"
],
"links": [
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To defy or challenge (someone to do something)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Will you dare death to reach your goal?"
},
{
"ref": "1886, Clarence King, The Century",
"text": "To wrest it from barbarism, to dare its solitudes.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To have enough courage to meet or do something, go somewhere, etc.; to face up to"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To have enough courage to meet or do something, go somewhere, etc.; to face up to"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To terrify; to daunt."
],
"links": [
[
"terrify",
"terrify"
],
[
"daunt",
"daunt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To terrify; to daunt."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To catch (larks) by producing terror through the use of mirrors, scarlet cloth, a hawk, etc., so that they lie still till a net is thrown over them."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To catch (larks) by producing terror through the use of mirrors, scarlet cloth, a hawk, etc., so that they lie still till a net is thrown over them."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɛə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɛ(ə)ɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dare.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/En-us-dare.ogg/En-us-dare.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/En-us-dare.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "durf"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jaruʔa",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "جَرُؤَ"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "cutedz"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "dãldãsescu"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "cãidisescu"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "dãvrãnsescu"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "cəsarət etmək"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "ausartu"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "smjecʹ",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "смець"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "advážvacca",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "адва́жвацца"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "advážycca",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "адва́жыцца"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smeja",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "смея"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "drǎzvam",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "дръзвам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "gosar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "atrevir-se"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "káⁿ"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gǎn",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "敢"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "膽敢"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dǎngǎn",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "胆敢"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "odvážit se"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "troufat si"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "turde"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "vove"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "durven"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "wagen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "aŭdaci"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "uskaltaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "oser"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "olsâ"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "wagen"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "gadaursan",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "anananþjan",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "tolmó",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "τολμώ"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "tolmáō",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "τολμάω"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "he'éz",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "הֵעֵז"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "mer"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "merészel"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "audacar"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "osar"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "leomh"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "osare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "azzardarsi"
},
{
"alt": "あえてする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "aete-suru",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "敢えてする"
},
{
"alt": "おもいきってする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "omoikitte-suru",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "思い切ってする"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "wêrîn"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "audeō"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "drīkstēt"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "berani"
},
{
"code": "zdj",
"lang": "Ngazidja Comorian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "usuɓuti"
},
{
"code": "frr",
"lang": "North Frisian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"Föhr-Amrum"
],
"word": "däär"
},
{
"code": "frr",
"lang": "North Frisian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"Mooring"
],
"word": "döre"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "våge"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "ausar"
},
{
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"roman": "drŭznǫti",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "дръзнѫти"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "durran"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "jor'at kardan",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "جرأت کردن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "śmieć"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "odważać się"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odważyć się"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "ousar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "atrever-se a"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "îndrăzni"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "încumeta"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "cuteza"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smetʹ",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "сметь"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "posmétʹ",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "посме́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "osmélivatʹsja",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "осме́ливаться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "osmélitʹsja",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "осме́литься"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otváživatʹsja",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "отва́живаться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otvážitʹsja",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отва́житься"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "derzátʹ",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дерза́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "derznútʹ",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "дерзну́ть"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "dhṛṣṇoti",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "धृष्णोति"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "attriviri"
},
{
"code": "si",
"lang": "Sinhalese",
"roman": "nirbhīta",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "නිර්භීත"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "odvážiť sa"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "upati si"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "osar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "atreverse"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "animarse"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "-thubutu"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "våga"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "töras"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "tordas"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "smíty",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "смі́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "derzáty",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дерза́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "navážuvatysja",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "нава́жуватися"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "navážytysja",
"sense": "to have courage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "нава́житися"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "olsar"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "onsar"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "dám"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "to have courage",
"word": "doare"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "daag"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "uitdaag"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "taḥaddā",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "تَحَدَّى"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predizvikvam",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "предизвиквам"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "vyzvat"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "uitdagen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "tarten"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "haastaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "défier"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "herausfordern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "trotzen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "kihív"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "fogad, hogy X nem mer"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "biztat"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "bujtogat"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "provokál"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "defiar"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "tabhair dúshlán"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "sfidare"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "audeō"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "cabar"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "utfordre"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wyzywać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wyzwać"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "desafiar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "brosátʹ výzov",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "броса́ть вы́зов"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podzadórivatʹ",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "подзадо́ривать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podzadóritʹ",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "подзадо́рить"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "desafiar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "retar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "utmana"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "thách"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "beiddio"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to defy or challenge",
"word": "meiddio"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "waag"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "wājaha",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "وَاجَهَ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "osmeljavam se",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "осмелявам се"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "冒險"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "màoxiǎn",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "冒险"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "riskovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "odvažovat se"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "riskeren"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "wagen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "uhmata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "affronter"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "riskieren"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "dacol"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "affrontare"
},
{
"alt": "おかす",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "okasu",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "冒す"
},
{
"alt": "こたえる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kotaeru",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "堪える"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "audeo"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "risikere"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "jor'at dâštan",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "جرأت داشتن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ośmielać się"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ośmielić się"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "enfrentar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smélo smotrétʹ v licó",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "сме́ло смотре́ть в лицо́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "riskovátʹ",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "рискова́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "risknútʹ",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "рискну́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "afrontar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "enfrentar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to brave or face up to",
"word": "riskera"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dare"
],
"word": "dare"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"English modal verbs",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰers-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Esperanto translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɛə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɛə(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"en:Directives",
"en:Leuciscine fish"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dairous"
},
{
"word": "dareful"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰers-"
},
"expansion": "[Template:root]",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "durren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English durren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "durran"
},
"expansion": "Old English durran",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*durʀan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *durʀan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*durzaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to dare"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *durzaną (“to dare”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰedʰórse",
"4": "",
"5": "to dare"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰedʰórse (“to dare”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰers-",
"3": "",
"4": "to be bold, to dare"
},
"expansion": "*dʰers- (“to be bold, to dare”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰer-",
"3": "",
"4": "to hold, support"
},
"expansion": "*dʰer- (“to hold, support”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "dören"
},
"expansion": "Low German dören",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "durven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch durven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "turren"
},
"expansion": "German turren",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दधर्ष",
"tr": "dadhárṣa"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit दधर्ष (dadhárṣa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "θρασύς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek θρασύς (thrasús)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "nder"
},
"expansion": "Albanian nder",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "drįsti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian drįsti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "дерза́ть"
},
"expansion": "Russian дерза́ть (derzátʹ)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English durren, from Old English durran, from Proto-West Germanic *durʀan, from Proto-Germanic *durzaną (“to dare”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰedʰórse (“to dare”), reduplicated stative of the root *dʰers- (“to be bold, to dare”), an *-s- extension of *dʰer- (“to hold, support”).\nCognates\nCognate with Low German dören, Dutch durven, German turren, Sanskrit दधर्ष (dadhárṣa), but also with Ancient Greek θρασύς (thrasús), Albanian nder, Lithuanian drįsti, Russian дерза́ть (derzátʹ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dares",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dare (plural dares)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A challenge to prove courage."
],
"links": [
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
],
[
"courage",
"courage"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The quality of daring; venturesomeness; boldness."
],
"links": [
[
"daring",
"daring"
],
[
"venturesomeness",
"venturesomeness"
],
[
"boldness",
"boldness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Defiance; challenge."
],
"links": [
[
"Defiance",
"defiance"
],
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Games"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "When asked truth or dare, she picked dare.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In the game truth or dare, the choice to perform a dare set by the other players."
],
"links": [
[
"games",
"game#Noun"
],
[
"truth or dare",
"truth or dare"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(games) In the game truth or dare, the choice to perform a dare set by the other players."
],
"topics": [
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɛə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɛ(ə)ɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dare.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/En-us-dare.ogg/En-us-dare.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/En-us-dare.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "uitdaging"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predizvikatelstvo",
"sense": "a challenge",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "предизвикателство"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a challenge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "uitdaging"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "haaste"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a challenge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "défi"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "Mutprobe"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "jurit malam"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "defia"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a challenge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dúshlán"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a challenge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sfida"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kimodameshi",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "肝試し"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shitankai",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "試胆会"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "utfordring"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "desafio"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "desafío"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a challenge",
"word": "reto"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dare"
],
"word": "dare"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English modal verbs",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɛə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɛə(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"en:Directives",
"en:Leuciscine fish"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "darian"
},
"expansion": "Old English darian",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English, from Old English darian.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dares",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "daring",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dared",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dared",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dare (third-person singular simple present dares, present participle daring, simple past and past participle dared)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To stare stupidly or vacantly; to gaze as though amazed or terrified."
],
"links": [
[
"stare",
"stare"
],
[
"gaze",
"gaze"
],
[
"amazed",
"amazed"
],
[
"terrified",
"terrified"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To stare stupidly or vacantly; to gaze as though amazed or terrified."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To lie or crouch down in fear."
],
"links": [
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"crouch",
"crouch"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To lie or crouch down in fear."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɛə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɛ(ə)ɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dare.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/En-us-dare.ogg/En-us-dare.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/En-us-dare.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dare"
],
"word": "dare"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English modal verbs",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ɛə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɛə(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"en:Directives",
"en:Leuciscine fish"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "dares",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dare (plural dares)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1766, Richard Brookes, The art of angling, rock and sea-fishing",
"text": "The Dare is not unlike a Chub, but proportionably less; his Body is more white and flatter, and his Tail more forked.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small fish, the dace"
],
"links": [
[
"dace",
"dace"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɛə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɛ(ə)ɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dare.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/En-us-dare.ogg/En-us-dare.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/En-us-dare.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dare"
],
"word": "dare"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (0b52755 and 5cb0836). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.